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Date: April 25, 2024 Thu
Time: 9:53 am
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Results for assaults
36 results foundAuthor: Trimboli, Lily Title: Assaults on School Premises in NSW, 2005-2009 Summary: This study examines the characteristics of, and trends in, police-recorded assault incidents involving school-aged children on school premises in New South Wales (NSW), Australia. The sample consisted of all incidents of assault recorded by NSW police officers as having occurred on school premises between 2005 and 2009. The police-recorded free-text narratives of a random sample of 300 incidents which occurred in 2009 were examined to determine the type of victim and offender involved and the location on the school premises where the incident occurred. Over the five years, there was a statistically significant upward trend in the rate of recorded assault incidents between school-aged children on government school premises during school hours. The typical assault occurred in the afternoon in a government secondary school, involved two students of the same gender (generally boys), aged between 13 and 15 years, involved no weapon and no injury or only minor injuries to the victim. Most offenders were not charged with an offence. The most common locations for incidents were either the playground/oval or school corridors/staircases/toilet blocks/gymnasium. While the upward trend in assaults on school premises may be due to an actual increase in assaults, there is also reason to believe that, in recent years, schools have been much more likely to report assaults to police. Details: Sydney: New South Wales Bureau of Crime Statistics and Research, 2010. 9p. Source: Internet Resource: Bureau Brief, Issue Paper no. 50: Accessed September 15, 2010 at: http://www.bocsar.nsw.gov.au/lawlink/bocsar/ll_bocsar.nsf/vwFiles/bb50.pdf/$file/bb50.pdf Year: 2010 Country: Australia URL: http://www.bocsar.nsw.gov.au/lawlink/bocsar/ll_bocsar.nsf/vwFiles/bb50.pdf/$file/bb50.pdf Shelf Number: 119814 Keywords: AssaultsBullyingSchool CrimeSchool Safety |
Author: Fitzgerald, Jacqueline Title: The Nature of Assaults Recorded on Licensed Premises Summary: Nearly ten percent of assaults recorded by police in NSW occur on licensed premises. This paper considers where these incidents occur in relation to the licensed premises and who is involved. In a sample of 352 assault incidents recorded by police in 2007/08, we found 76 percent occurred on the licensed premise; either inside a building on the premises (57%) or on an outdoor location within the grounds of the premises such as in the beer garden or carpark (19%). Another 21 percent of incidents were indirectly linked to the premises; occurring near the premise (such as on the footpath) and involving either premises staff, patrons or people refused entry. Three percent of assaults recorded as occurring on licensed premises could not be clearly connected to the premises. Patrons committed the majority of assaults (57%) followed by evicted patrons (15%), security and other staff (12%) and people refused entry to the premises (5%). Most victims were also patrons (62%) followed by security guards and other staff (22%), evicted patrons (6%) and police (5%). Details: Sydney: NSW Bureau of Crime Statistics and Research, 2010. 8p. Source: Internet Resource: Bureau Brief, Issue Paper No. 43: Accessed October 11, 2010 at: http://www.lawlink.nsw.gov.au/lawlink/bocsar/ll_bocsar.nsf/vwFiles/BB43.pdf/$file/BB43.pdf Year: 2010 Country: Australia URL: http://www.lawlink.nsw.gov.au/lawlink/bocsar/ll_bocsar.nsf/vwFiles/BB43.pdf/$file/BB43.pdf Shelf Number: 118553 Keywords: Alcohol AbuseAlcohol Relates Crime, DisorderAssaultsLicensed Premises |
Author: Moffatt, Steve Title: Liquor Licensing Enforcement and Assaults on Licensed Premises Summary: On October 30 2008, the New South Wales Premier announced the imposition of licence restrictions on 48 of the licensed premises previously identified as sites where violence frequently occurred. The restrictions included mandatory 2 a.m. lock outs, cessation of alcohol service 30 minutes before closing time, drink purchase limits after midnight and ten minute alcohol sale ‘time outs’ every hour after midnight. The present report details the results of an evaluation of the effect of these restrictions. The report finds that the incidence of assault on the 48 licensed premises upon which restrictions were imposed has declined, but the decline was not restricted to these premises. A general decline in the number of assaults on licensed premises occurred across the top 100 licensed premises listed on the BOCSAR website. The precise cause of the decline is unclear but likely influences include adverse publicity and increased enforcement activity by NSW Police and the Office of Liquor, Gaming and Racing (OLGR). Details: Sydney: NSW Bureau of Crime Statistics and Research, 2009. 11p. Source: Internet Resource: Bureau Brief, Issue Paper No. 40: Accessed October 13, 2010 at: http://www.lawlink.nsw.gov.au/lawlink/bocsar/ll_bocsar.nsf/vwFiles/bb40.pdf/$file/bb40.pdf Year: 2009 Country: Australia URL: http://www.lawlink.nsw.gov.au/lawlink/bocsar/ll_bocsar.nsf/vwFiles/bb40.pdf/$file/bb40.pdf Shelf Number: 118554 Keywords: Alcohol AbuseAlcohol Related Crime, DisorderAssaultsPublicity |
Author: Jones, Craig Title: The Impact of Restricted Alcohol Availability on Alcohol-Related Violence in Newcastle, NSW Summary: In March 2008, the New South Wales Liquor Administration Board (LAB) introduced significant restrictions on hotel trading hours for a number of licensed premises in the Newcastle CBD. We sought to determine whether this reduced the incidence of assault in the vicinity of these premises. Three sources of police data were employed to address this research question: recorded crime data, last-place-of-consumption data from the Alcohol Linking Program and police call-out data. Recorded crime and Linking data revealed a significant reduction in alcohol-related assaults in the intervention site but not the comparison site. These two data sources revealed no evidence of any geographic displacement of assaults to other licensed premises or neighbouring areas. There was no evidence of any decrease in the total number of calls for service in either the intervention or comparison sites but this is most likely due to limitations inherent in the call-out data. All three data sources revealed a significant decrease in the proportion of assaults occurring after 3 a.m. in the intervention site but not in the comparison sites. Collectively, the data provide strong evidence that the restricted availability of alcohol reduced the incidence of assault in the Newcastle CBD. Details: Sydney: NSW Bureau of Crime Statistics and Research, 2009. 23p. Source: Internet Resource: Contemporary Issues in Crime and Justice, No. 137: Accessed October 13, 2010 at: http://www.bocsar.nsw.gov.au/lawlink/bocsar/ll_bocsar.nsf/vwFiles/CJB137.pdf/$file/CJB137.pdf Year: 2009 Country: Australia URL: http://www.bocsar.nsw.gov.au/lawlink/bocsar/ll_bocsar.nsf/vwFiles/CJB137.pdf/$file/CJB137.pdf Shelf Number: 118549 Keywords: Alcohol AbuseAlcohol Related Crime, DisorderAssaultsCrime DisplacementViolence |
Author: Victoria (Australia). Parliament. Drugs and Crime Prevention Committee Title: Inquiry Into Strategies to Reduce Assaults in Public Places in Victoria Summary: This report attempts to address some of the issues surrounding the increase in assaults in public places over the last few years. It provides a comprehensive survey of the current situation - particularly between the level of crime and the reporting of crime- and provides some evidence of comdmunity an government activities in this area. It proposes a series of recommendations to further address the problem. Details: Melbourne: Government Printer for State of Victoria, 2010. 340p. Source: Internet Resource: Accessed October 15, 2010 at: http://www.parliament.vic.gov.au/images/stories/committees/dcpc/assaults/Final_assault_report.pdf Year: 2010 Country: Australia URL: http://www.parliament.vic.gov.au/images/stories/committees/dcpc/assaults/Final_assault_report.pdf Shelf Number: 119987 Keywords: Alcohol AbuseAlcohol Related Crime, DisorderAssaultsDisorderly Conduct |
Author: Cahill, Meagan Title: Aggravated Assault in the District of Columbia: Patterns and Trends, 2000-2009 Summary: Over the past decade, aggravated assaults in the District of Columbia have steadily declined to levels last reached in the late 1960s. That decline mirrors that of serious violent crime — such as homicide — with a small peak in the early 1970s and a larger peak in the early 1990s. The analysis found that the Seventh Police District (7D) had the most assaults of all districts but also one of the largest declines between 2000 and 2009. In 7D, hot spots of crime were located in both commercial and residential areas, but dissipated over the course of the decade studied. Details: Washington, DC: District of Columbia Crime Policy Institute, 2010. 4p. Source: Internet Resource: Brief, No. 3: Accessed October 18, 2010 at: http://www.urban.org/UploadedPDF/1001451-dcpi-assault-brief.pdf Year: 2010 Country: United States URL: http://www.urban.org/UploadedPDF/1001451-dcpi-assault-brief.pdf Shelf Number: 119998 Keywords: AssaultsCrime StatisticsHot SpotsViolent Crime |
Author: Broidy, Lisa M. Title: Travel to Violence Summary: This study uses incident-level data from the Albuquerque Police Department along with data from the U.S. Census to explore the characteristics of offenders, incidents, and neighborhoods in Albuquerque, New Mexico to determine what influences travel distances for non-domestic assaults, robberies, and burglaries. Knowledge concerning the geo-spatial distribution of offenders, victims, and incidents is essential to the development of data-driven policing practices. Aspects of community policing, quality-of-life enforcement strategies, and the use of civil injunctions in addressing problematic areas hold implicit assumptions concerning the concentration of criminal participants and incidents. Information concerning the distances that potential offenders travel to crime, as well the characteristics of participants and incidents that influence these distances can inform these strategies and help agencies decide how to best utilize resources. Details: Albuquerque, NM: New Mexico Statistical Analysis Center, Institute for Social Research, University of New Mexico, 2007. 30p. Source: Internet Resource: Accessed October 21, 2010 at: http://www.jrsa.org/ibrrc/background-status/New_Mexico/Travel_to_Violence.pdf Year: 2007 Country: United States URL: http://www.jrsa.org/ibrrc/background-status/New_Mexico/Travel_to_Violence.pdf Shelf Number: 109255 Keywords: AssaultsBurglariesCrime AnalysisDistance to CrimeGeographic Distribution of CrimeGeographic StudiesRobberies |
Author: Cassematis, Peter Title: Understanding Glassing Incidents on Licensed Premises: Dimensions, Prevention and Control Summary: ‘Glassings’ have emerged as a particularly concerning component of violence occurring within licensed establishments in many parts of Queensland. The current project aimed to address the knowledge gap about glassing behaviour by examining various dimensions of glassing, and evaluating the likely success of alternative strategies for reducing glassing incidents and minimizing related harm. The analysis was informed by undertaking a review of published literature that addressed the causes and management of aggression in venues, as well as literature addressing the comparative safety of plastic and toughened glass to normal glass as well as the impact of changing drinking vessels on venue aggression. The findings drawn from prior research were then integrated with new data collected for this project. Two sources of raw data were analysed. One source of raw data was text based reports of 34 glassing incidents in Gold Coast venues (October 2007 - February 2009). These reports were provided by Qld. Liquor Licensing, Queensland Police Service and newspaper reports. Frequency counts were generated based on themes present within each separate incident report. The second source of data was semi-structured interviews of venue representatives with managerial responsibilities. Frequency counts of themes were aggregated to identify typical venue management experiences, attitudes, and beliefs regarding predictors of glassing assault and the perceived efficacy of plastic, glass and rapid removal. Based on our analysis, we formed the view that glassing is an outcome from a complex interaction of patron and venue based characteristics. Glassing is most likely to occur on weekends between 9.00 pm and 3.00 am. Taverns or nightclubs are the most likely to be the site of a glassing. Glassing assaults have the same initial conflicts as non-glassing assaults. Young males are most likely to be offenders but participants believed a variety of intrapersonal deficits were more predictive than demography. Glass is used as a weapon because it is convenient. Plastic is likely to be the safest material but is least acceptable to venues. Most participants favoured a combination of toughened glass and rapid removal. An educative advertising campaign, tougher penalties for offenders and a safer drinking vessel combined with rapid removal is likely to have the biggest impact on glassing behaviour. The findings of the research gave rise to six practical recommendations intended to control the frequency of glassing attempts and lessen the severity of injury that occurs from completed attempts. Six areas for research have been suggested as particularly pertinent to increasing the presently limited store of relevant knowledge. Key learnings emerging from the project have been identified and presented in this report. Details: Brisbane: Queensland Government, 2009. 190p. Source: Internet Resource: Accessed October 22, 2010 at: http://www.olgr.qld.gov.au/resources/liquorDocs/Glassing_Incidents_Final_Report_Sept_2009.pdf Year: 2009 Country: Australia URL: http://www.olgr.qld.gov.au/resources/liquorDocs/Glassing_Incidents_Final_Report_Sept_2009.pdf Shelf Number: 120053 Keywords: Alcohol Related Crime, DisorderAnti-Social BehaviorAssaultsInjuryViolence |
Author: Winder, Belinda Title: Last Orders for Alcohol Related Violence: Exploring Salient Factors in the Occurrence of Violent Incidents in UK Pubs and Other Late Night Venues Summary: Research was conducted exploring the possible interaction between drinking containers and antisocial behaviour in pubs and other late night venues in the UK. The research further attempted to identify salient factors leading to violent incidents at these locations. The research comprised two types of study; an interview study and three correlational surveys. For the interview study, a purposive sample of 50 individuals who had either been involved in an aggressive / violent altercation in a pub, bar or other late night drinking venue in the last 3 years, or who had first hand experience of the same, was recruited. Participants were recruited from a number of UK cities, including Birmingham, Wolverhampton, Sheffield, Nottingham and city locations in Scotland. Five themes were identified from the interviews: rivalry; crowding; staff; glass and accidental injury and glass as a weapon. Each of these themes was considered in turn and examples from participants’ transcripts were included in the results to allow the reader to assess the interpretations. In all of the incidents described by participants alcohol was involved, although this is probably to be expected given that the research focused on late night drinking venues. Nevertheless, the majority of incidents described involved people who were drunk and hence it is probably fair to state that alcohol is a major factor linked to violent / aggressive incidents in pubs and other late night venues. However, other factors are necessary to trigger violent / aggressive behaviour, and three factors (or themes) were identified from the research interviews conducted for this study. These factors are outlined below; they include rivalry, crowding and staff. In addition, two further themes emerged from the interviews; these related to glass and accidental injury and glass as a weapon. Key factors relating to the theme of rivalry were: sporting rivalry, local or territorial rivalry, and romantic rivalry. In the case of the first two factors, aggression evolved from social tensions created when different groups met, such as rival football supporters or groups of students and locals. However, there was a clear consensus that staff in venues are aware of these factors as potential sources of aggression and already take necessary steps to avoid conflict. The latter factor was much more unpredictable, and predicting where and when such aggression would occur is more problematic. The key factors within the theme of crowding were: bad management practices, poor design, and frustration. Participants were critical of venues that allowed in more clients than they could comfortably accommodate, especially in venues where the layout meant bumping into people at peak times was inevitable. Such factors link into the issue of frustration, as overcrowding can led to increased waiting times to get served, and invasion of personal space. Criticism of how venues are managed continued into the theme of staff. Here participants highlighted the fact that it was not always the clientele of pubs that were fully to blame when aggressive incidents escalated, with door staff being criticised for a lack of intervention, or too much intervention, in that they were deemed to be excessively aggressive. However, staff themselves also commented that aggressive behaviour can arise when they try to enforce sensible serving practices. The final two themes related to specifically to the use of glassware; glass and accidental injury and glass as a weapon. Participants noted that although many venues used glassware, accidental injury did occasionally arise from this. Many venues already self-manage where and when glass could and could not be used, although it is noted that more efficient house-keeping of venues would further reduce incidences of accidental injury. There were two differing perspectives on the theme of glass as a weapon – it was perceived as either a deliberate action to cause harm, or it was an unintentional action in which glass was not intended as a weapon. Although severe, the deliberate action of using glass as a weapon was the exception to the norm and incidences were deemed rare, especially given the extensive use of glassware in the venues participants frequented. In the case of the latter a further noteworthy factor emerged. Glass was seen more often to be used as a threat rather than an actual weapon. However, this perceived threat was sometimes the catalyst for an aggressive response, thus blurring the boundaries between ‘perpetrator’ and ‘victim’ in the case of such incidents. Data from the correlational surveys suggested that the most effective form of intervention in terms of reducing accidents and injuries would be a more stringent policy to bar aggressive individuals and prompt action by bouncers / bar staff to deal with potential trouble. Banning the use of glass vessels was not seen as a useful strategy in reducing aggression in pubs. Additional qualitative comments form the largest survey (n = 165) were further analysed and three main distinct themes identified in the responses: Considering the causes of aggressive behaviour, Methods to address aggressive behaviour and the Impact of the drinking vessel. Considering the causes of aggressive behaviour there were some suggestions put forward by respondents as to the causes of these. These include the amount of alcohol consumed, overcrowding in the pubs, televising sports events, attitudes, culture and acceptance of binge drinking, promotional offers and happy hours and the non-management of the queue for the bar. Respondents also suggested methods that they feel would address these events. These include bar staff having greater powers and training to refuse service to intoxicated customers and extending licensing hours. However some respondents felt that extending licensing hours would not make any difference to the amount of aggression shown by individuals. Regarding the vessels drinks are served in, there was a re-occurring theme that aggressive customers would probably use other objects in a conflict, if they did not have a glass in their hand at that time. Conversely to this, there was a theme suggesting that if glass was replaced with plastic then there would be less damage caused. However participants mostly followed this suggestion with the theory that if plastic vessels were only used, they would use another object (e.g. ashtray) in any aggressive conflict. Overall therefore the analysis suggests that respondents feel there are many causes of aggressive behaviours and that glass vessels are not responsible. If they were replaced with plastic vessels, then the aggressors would replace them with another implement. Details: Nottingham, UK: Nottingham Trent University, 2006. 57p. Source: Internet Resource: Accessed October 22, 2010 at: http://www.britglass.org.uk/files/last_orders_for_alcohol_related_violence_-_final_bw.pdf Year: 2006 Country: United Kingdom URL: http://www.britglass.org.uk/files/last_orders_for_alcohol_related_violence_-_final_bw.pdf Shelf Number: 120054 Keywords: AggressionAlcohol Related Crime, DisorderAssaultsInjuryViolence |
Author: Davison, Tonia Title: Process Evaluation of Data Sharing Between Emergency Departments and Community Safety Partnerships in the South East Summary: The report summarises a process evaluation of an initiative to encourage data sharing between hospitals and local Community Safety Partnerships (CSPs) in the South East. Data sharing between EDs and CSPs is complex and covers several distinct, but linked stages: data collection, extraction, sharing, analysis and application. When each of these stages is undertaken successfully, the full benefits can be realised. Across many areas in the South East, various aspects of the data sharing process were not working or barriers existed to successful implementation. However, interviewees stressed the potential of the schemes. The effort required by EDs to collect and process data is often considerable and the short-term benefits seem to be more clearly realised by the CSP. Details: London: Home Office, 2010. 34p. Source: Internet Resource: Home Office Research Report 46: Accessed December 7, 2010 at: http://rds.homeoffice.gov.uk/rds/pdfs10/horr46c.pdf Year: 2010 Country: United Kingdom URL: http://rds.homeoffice.gov.uk/rds/pdfs10/horr46c.pdf Shelf Number: 120400 Keywords: AssaultsInformation Sharing (U.K.)Partnerships |
Author: Anderson, Zara Title: Evaluation of the Lancashire Polycarbonate Glass Pilot Project Summary: Glassware used in pubs, bars and nightclubs can be a major cause of injury to customers and staff. Glasses and bottles are used in 4% of all violent incidents in England and Wales and are the most common weapons used in violence occurring in drinking environments. Such violence can result in serious and sometimes fatal injury, placing major burdens on individuals and public services, including health and criminal justice agencies. Accidental breakage of glassware is also a significant cause of unintentional injury in licensed premises. One study found that, in just six months, 26% of bar workers were injured by broken glasses. A third of unintentional injuries suffered by customers in a major UK nightclub were caused by broken glass. To prevent glass-related violence, police and licensing authorities in many areas have encouraged or mandated the use of safer drinking vessels, including polycarbonate glassware (PCG) in licensed premises. Such moves have often been met with resistance by both the alcohol industry and drinkers, through concerns around negative impacts on trade and drinking experience. However, the quality of PCG has improved in recent years and little information is available on the impacts of introducing high quality PCG in licensed premises. To address this, a project was undertaken in Lancashire by police, health services and academics to provide high quality PCG to licensed premises and assess its impacts on injury, perceptions of safety and violence, and its acceptability to customers and the licensed trade. Details: Liverpool: Centre for Public Health, Liverpool John Moores University, 2009. 32p. Source: Internet Resource: Accessed December 8, 2010 at: http://www.cph.org.uk/showPublication.aspx?pubid=561 Year: 2009 Country: United Kingdom URL: http://www.cph.org.uk/showPublication.aspx?pubid=561 Shelf Number: 120413 Keywords: Alcohol Related Crime and Disorder (U.K.)AssaultsCrime PreventionInjuries |
Author: International Road Transport Union Title: Attacks on Drivers of International Heavy Goods Vehicles; Survey Results Summary: Since the tragic events in the United States on 11th September 2001, it has been increasingly recognised that all transport modes are at risk from terrorism and crime. Those involved in road freight transport also face a number of specific challenges, which include theft of goods and vehicles, attacks on truck drivers, illegal immigration, special risks related to the movement of dangerous goods by road, as well as smuggling. In addition to these often crime-related challenges, authorities and operators must remain vigilant to possible terrorist use or targeting of vehicles and infrastructure. These challenges – and their responses – pose serious daily problems for all actors involved in this sector: the drivers, transport companies, police / law enforcement agencies, authorities, politicians, trade associations, unions, insurers, truckstop operators and other players. Road freight transport, a vital element of international production schemes, trade and economic relations across frontiers in Europe and elsewhere, faces this challenge of enhanced security requirements against the background of a highly competitive road freight market. The number of vehicle thefts and freight robbery incidents appear to be increasing in many countries. The need to protect drivers, their vehicles and the freight carried is now becoming an issue of increasing concern. It can however be noted with satisfaction that measures of protection and prevention have already proved efficient in a few countries. Indeed, much work has already been done to address many of the multiple threats faced by the European transport sector. One type of threat in particular, attacks on international HGV drivers, has consistently been cited as a significant problem. To date, however, information needed to better understand the nature and scale of the problem and its consequences on transport drivers, companies and the sector as a whole has been lacking and only anecdotal evidence of attacks on drivers has been available. The apparent reasons for this are varied: drivers frequently do not inform the police of the attacks for multiple reasons such as language difficulty and lack of trust in authorities and insufficient information about where and to whom the attacks should be reported. When they are reported, these incidents are very often not centrally recorded or properly responded to. Indeed in many countries a comprehensive policy and decision-making framework at local and national level is not yet in place to countervail spreading crime on the roads. The most effective measures to fight crime, such as for example, a wider use of protective devices on board vehicles, providing sufficient secure truck parking areas, setting up efficient and accessible incident reporting and recording structures, implementing intra-company preventive and protective security measures, raising awareness, improving training and so on, are, in most countries, not or hardly implemented. Details: Geneva: IRU, 2008. 11p. Source: Internet Resource: Accessed May 11, 2011 at: http://www.internationaltransportforum.org/IntOrg/ecmt/crime/pdf/08AttackSurvey.pdf Year: 2008 Country: International URL: http://www.internationaltransportforum.org/IntOrg/ecmt/crime/pdf/08AttackSurvey.pdf Shelf Number: 121712 Keywords: AssaultsCargo TheftFreight IndustryStolen GoodsStolen PropertyTransport SecurityVehicle TheftWorkplace Crime |
Author: Sweeney, Josh Title: Alcohol and Assault on Friday and Saturday Nights: Findings from the DUMA Program Summary: The Australian Institute of Criminology interviewed 170 assault offenders detained on Friday and Saturday nights as part of the Drug Use Monitoring in Australia (DUMA) program. Analysis of questions about alcohol use provides valuable information to support a range of alcohol harm reduction strategies, including Operation Unite. • Those charged with assault on Friday and Saturday nights were more likely than those charged at other times to have consumed alcohol in the past 48 hours and attribute alcohol as a factor in their offending. • Detainees who had consumed alcohol in the past 48 hours and been charged with assault on a Friday and Saturday night were nearly twice as likely as those charged at other times to have been mixing drinks on the last occasion they drank. This was particularly the case for young males aged 18 to 25 years (48%). • Assault offenders consumed substantial amounts of alcohol in the lead up to their arrest. The median number of standard drinks consumed by assault offenders was 14, although this was higher for young males who had been mixing drinks on the last occasion they drank (22 standard drinks). • Of those who had been drinking, half of all assault offenders consumed their last drink at a residential location. Thirty percent had been drinking at licensed premises. Younger males aged 18–25 years were more likely to have been drinking at a licensed premise. Details: Canberra: Australian Institute of Criminology, 2011. 7p. Source: Internet Resource: Research in Practice, No. 14: Accessed June 27, 2011 at: http://www.aic.gov.au/documents/6/D/F/%7B6DFDDF7C-7948-4786-AB77-3CA21CF0443B%7Drip14.pdf Year: 2011 Country: Australia URL: http://www.aic.gov.au/documents/6/D/F/%7B6DFDDF7C-7948-4786-AB77-3CA21CF0443B%7Drip14.pdf Shelf Number: 121826 Keywords: Alcohol Related Crime, Disorder (Australia)Assaults |
Author: Burgess, Melissa Title: The Association Between Alcohol Outlet Density and Assaults On and Around Licensed Premises Summary: The aim of this research was to estimate the proportion of assaults occurring on or around licensed premises, determine whether assaults are more likely to happen around licensed premises than elsewhere and estimate the effect of additional alcohol outlets (outlet density) on the incidence of assault. Clusters of licensed premises in the Sydney Local Government Area (LGA) were identified. The proportion of recorded assault incidents within 20, 50, 100 and 200 metre buffer zones around the licensed premises was calculated and compared with the proportion of land area covered by the buffer. The incidence of recorded assaults as a function of increasing counts of alcohol outlets was also examined. Assaults were found to be highly concentrated around licensed premises. Assaults tend to cluster around George Street in the central business district (CBD), Darlinghurst Road in Kings Cross, Oxford Street in Darlinghurst, King Street in Newtown and Glebe Point Road in Glebe. The highest concentrations of assault are in Kings Cross, Oxford Street in Darlinghurst and along George Street in the CBD. More than half of the assaults recorded by police in the Sydney CBD occur within 50 metres of a liquor outlet. Only 3 per cent of the Sydney LGA is within 20 metres of a liquor outlet, yet 37 per cent of assaults in Sydney LGA occurred in this space. The results suggest that each additional alcohol outlet per hectare in the Sydney LGA will result, on average, in 4.5 additional assaults per annum. Details: Sydney: NSW Bureau of Crime Statistics and Research, 2011. 16p. Source: Internet Resource: Contemporary Issues in Crime and Justice, No. 147: Accessed June 30, 2011 at: http://www.lawlink.nsw.gov.au/lawlink/bocsar/ll_bocsar.nsf/vwFiles/CJB147.pdf/$file/CJB147.pdf Year: 2011 Country: Australia URL: http://www.lawlink.nsw.gov.au/lawlink/bocsar/ll_bocsar.nsf/vwFiles/CJB147.pdf/$file/CJB147.pdf Shelf Number: 121930 Keywords: Alcohol AbuseAlcohol Related Crime, Disorder (Australia)AssaultsLiquor Outlets |
Author: Fisher, Geoff Title: Causing Serious Injury – Recklessly and Intentionally Current Sentencing Practices Summary: This report focuses on intentionally causing serious injury and recklessly causing serious injury and examines data collected from sentencing remarks on 228 cases sentenced in the higher courts in 2008–09. Key features of causing serious injury offences were: Punching was the most common action used by offenders (49.8% of charges) and kicking to the head was the least common (7.8%). The offender used a weapon in nearly two-thirds of charges (63.7%). Injuries sustained by victims were most likely to be cuts or lacerations (59.8%) and were least likely to be a permanent disability (3.9%), while one in five suffered head injuries (21.1%) and nearly one-quarter suffered loss of consciousness (23.4%). The victim was more likely to be known to the offender (55.2%) than a stranger (40.2%), but very unlikely to be a partner or ex-partner (7.0%). The vast majority of offenders pleaded guilty to the offence (89.8%). Over one-quarter of offenders had served an imprisonment sentence prior to sentencing, and two-thirds had committed a previous offence as an adult (65.8%). Nearly four in five offenders had at least one personal background factor mentioned in sentencing remarks (79.4%), nearly two-thirds had a substance abuse issue and one-quarter suffered abuse or neglect as a child (27.2%). The report examines the extent to which characteristics of causing serious injury cases influence sentencing outcomes. Statistical modelling finds that criminal history, namely prior imprisonment and prior offending, is the primary factor determining whether an offender receives an immediate custodial sentence. Details: Melbourne: Sentencing Advisory Council, 2011. 72p. Source: Internet Resource: Accessed September 15, 2011 at: http://sentencingcouncil.vic.gov.au/sites/sentencingcouncil.vic.gov.au/files/causing_serious_injury_recklessly_and_intentionally_current_sentencing_practices.pdf Year: 2011 Country: Australia URL: http://sentencingcouncil.vic.gov.au/sites/sentencingcouncil.vic.gov.au/files/causing_serious_injury_recklessly_and_intentionally_current_sentencing_practices.pdf Shelf Number: 122733 Keywords: AssaultsInjuriesSentencing (Australia) |
Author: Cassell, Erin Title: Assault-Related Injury Among Young People Aged 15-34 Years that Occurred in Public Places: Deaths and Hospital-Treated Injury Summary: This report presents an analysis of deaths, hospital admissions and emergency department presentations extracted from the National Coroners Information System (NCIS), the Victorian Admitted Episodes Dataset (VAED) and the Victorian Emergency Minimum Dataset (EMD) respectively over the decade 2000/01 to 2009/10. Of the four major scenarios for violence against young people in public places (that covered 94% of fatal assaults), violence instigated/perpetrated by males after intimate relationship breakdowns, or less commonly, during domestic/family disputes accounted for 21% of fatalities recorded over the decade. Details: Melbourne, Vic.: Victorian Injury Surveillance Unit, Monash University Accident Research Centre 2011. 28p. Source: Internet Resource: Hazard (Edition, No. 73): Accessed November 10, 2011 at: http://www.monash.edu.au/miri/research/research-areas/home-sport-and-leisure-safety/visu/hazard/haz73.pdf Year: 2011 Country: Australia URL: http://www.monash.edu.au/miri/research/research-areas/home-sport-and-leisure-safety/visu/hazard/haz73.pdf Shelf Number: 123303 Keywords: AssaultsHomicidesIntimate Partner ViolenceViolence (Australia)Violent CrimesYouth and Violence |
Author: Breen, Courtney Title: Alcohol-Related Crime: Finding a Suitable Measure for Community-Level Analyses Using Routinely Collected Date Summary: Alcohol misuse causes substantial public health harm. Strategies have been proposed to reduce alcohol-related harm at the community-level, which requires suitable community-level measures to monitor changes over time and between communities. For alcohol-related crime, certain offences occurring at certain times that often involve alcohol have been used as a proxy measure. There is currently no adequate empirical rationale for identifying the most reliable proxy measure of alcohol-related crime. This report examines the suitability of three measures of alcohol-related crime. Police records of reported incidents from twenty communities in NSW, Australia, that were involved in a community-wide randomised controlled trial to reduce alcohol-related harm were examined. Three measures were derived; i) serious assaults only, ii) a broader range of assaults and iii) assaults and public nuisance offences. Hierarchical linear models (HLM) account for various sources of variability and correlation of longitudinal data and were used to determine reliability estimates for model parameters and in the calculation of the intraclass correlations (ICC). The broadest measure of alcohol-related crime (assaults and public nuisance offences) was found to have the highest reliability estimates between communities at a given time point and over time. This measure also had the highest ICC, indicating relatively more variability in the measure can be attributed to differences between towns rather than changes over time. The HLM approach gives more accurate reliability estimates than could be assessed using a repeated measures ANOVA. For the communities from where these data derive, the broadest measure is the most reliable for comparing rates of alcohol-related crime between them, and for assessing intervention effects over time. Details: Sydney: National Drug and Alcohol Research Centre, University of New South Wales, 2011. 35p. Source: Internet Resource: Technical Report No. 317: Accessed November 23, 2011 at: http://ndarc.med.unsw.edu.au/sites/all/shared_files/ndarc/resources/TR.317.pdf Year: 2011 Country: Australia URL: http://ndarc.med.unsw.edu.au/sites/all/shared_files/ndarc/resources/TR.317.pdf Shelf Number: 123433 Keywords: Alcohol AbuseAlcohol Related Crime, Disorder (Australia)AssaultsDisorderly ConductNuisance Behaviors and Disorders |
Author: Restrepo, Tanya Title: Violence in the Workplace Summary: The reality of workplace violence is markedly different from popular opinion. Workplace homicides "are not crimes of passion committed by disgruntled coworkers and spouses, but rather result from robberies." The majority of workplace assaults are committed by healthcare patients. This report examines the many aspects of work-related homicides and injuries due to assaults, and extends a series of studies published by NCCI on workplace violence with three years of additional data through 2009. For the most part, previously observed patterns and key findings are largely unchanged. Details: Boca Raton, FL: National Council on Compensation Insurance, Inc., 2012. 26p. Source: NCCI Research Brief: Internet Resource: Accessed February 11, 2012 at https://www.ncci.com/documents/Workplace_Research.pdf Year: 2012 Country: United States URL: https://www.ncci.com/documents/Workplace_Research.pdf Shelf Number: 124083 Keywords: AssaultsHomicideViolence in the WorkplaceWorkplace Crime |
Author: APS Group Scotland Title: Victims in the Criminal Justice System: Phase II Summary: This is the second joint inspection by the Inspectorate of Prosecution in Scotland (IPS) and Her Majesty’s Inspectorate of Constabulary for Scotland (HMICS) into how victims are treated within the criminal justice system in Scotland. The first joint report, covering cases where no court proceedings were commenced, was published in October 2010. In 2001 the Scottish Government document ‘The Scottish Strategy for Victims’ hereinafter called the Strategy was launched. It was developed in response to developments throughout Scotland, Europe and internationally, including the United Nations declaration of basic principles of justice for victims of crime and abuse of power. The Strategy was strengthened by the development of National Standards for Victims of Crime which was launched by the then Scottish Executive in 2005. The three main objectives of the Strategy are: 1. To ensure information provision to victims (both in respect of the criminal justice system generally but also concerning the case in which they are involved); 2. To ensure provision of emotional and practical support to victims; 3. To achieve greater participation by victims in the criminal justice system. The Scottish Police Service and Crown Office and Procurator Fiscal Service (COPFS) have both committed to the Strategy which, as with our first report, provided the baseline for our inspection. This phase of our inspection deals with cases in which court proceedings were commenced at a summary level either in the Sheriff Court or Justice of the Peace Court. The writing of the report is ‘timeline’ based from the initial reporting of a crime to the police through to prosecution and post trial handling. We examined two types of crime namely assaults and thefts including housebreaking. Three police forces and their associated Procurator Fiscal Areas were examined during the fieldwork phase. These were Lothian and Borders (City of Edinburgh), Dumfries and Galloway and Fife. Details: Edinburgh: Scottish Government, 2011. 68p. Source: Internet Resource: Accessed March 2, 2012 at http://www.scotland.gov.uk/Resource/Doc/362303/0122607.pdf Year: 2011 Country: United Kingdom URL: http://www.scotland.gov.uk/Resource/Doc/362303/0122607.pdf Shelf Number: 124364 Keywords: AssaultsCourt Procedures (Scotland)TheftVictim Services (Scotland)Victims of Crime (Scotland) |
Author: Corman, Hope Title: Alcohol Consumption, Deterrence and Crime in New York City Summary: This paper investigates the relationship between alcohol consumption, deterrence, and crime for New York City. We examine high-frequency time-series data from 1983 to 2001 for one specific location to examine the impacts of variations in both alcohol consumption and deterrence on seven “index” crimes. We tackle the endogeneity of arrests and the police force by exploiting the temporal independence of crime and deterrence in these high-frequency data, and we address the endogeneity of alcohol by using instrumental variables where alcohol sales are instrumented with city and state alcohol taxes and minimum drinking age. We find that alcohol consumption is positively related to assault, rape, and larceny crimes but not murder, robbery, burglary, or motor vehicle theft. We find strong deterrence for all crimes except assault and rape. Generally, deterrence effects are stronger than alcohol effects. Details: New York: American Association of Wine Economists, Economics Dept, New York University, 2013. 39p. Source: Internet Resource: AAWE WORKING PAPER No. 135 Economics: Accessed May 20, 2013 at: http://www.wine-economics.org/aawe/wp-content/uploads/2013/02/AAWE_WP135.pdf Year: 2013 Country: United States URL: http://www.wine-economics.org/aawe/wp-content/uploads/2013/02/AAWE_WP135.pdf Shelf Number: 128752 Keywords: Alcohol Related Crime, Disorder (New York City, U.AssaultsDrunk and DisorderlyRape |
Author: Snowball, Lucy Title: Is the Decrease in Assaults at Licensed Premises being Driven by Changes in Staff Reporting Rates? Summary: Aim: To determine whether changes to legislation and regulation of licensed premises have affected the willingness of staff in both Top 100 and unranked premises to report assaults on licensed premises. Method: A random sample of 1600 assaults over the period from January 2008 and December 2011, half from Top 100 premises and half from unranked premises. Kendall’s test for trend was used to determine whether there had been a change in behaviour over the period. Results: No change was detected in either series. Conclusion: The changes to legislation and regulation do not appear to have affected staff reporting rates in either Top 100 or unranked licensed premises overall. However changes in the behaviour of individual licensed premises cannot be ruled out. Details: Sydney: NSW Bureau of Crime Statistics and Research, 2013. 3p. Source: Internet Resource: Bureau Brief, Issue paper no. 87: Accessed August 6, 2013 at: http://www.bocsar.nsw.gov.au/Lawlink/bocsar/ll_bocsar.nsf/vwFiles/BB87.pdf/$file/BB87.pdf Year: 2013 Country: Australia URL: http://www.bocsar.nsw.gov.au/Lawlink/bocsar/ll_bocsar.nsf/vwFiles/BB87.pdf/$file/BB87.pdf Shelf Number: 129551 Keywords: Alcohol Related Crime, Disorder (Australia)AssaultsDisorderly Conduct |
Author: Nakanishi, Yuko, Consultant Title: Practices to Protect Bus Operators from Passenger Assault Summary: This synthesis report addresses the important issue of protecting bus operators from passenger assault. The key elements of the synthesis study included a survey of transit agencies with a 75% (66/88) response rate, profiles of security practices, and a literature summary. Although serious crime in transit systems is relatively rare and constitutes a small percentage of overall crime, even one serious incident of violence can make media headlines and diminish the perception of security, especially if the crime is against the transit operator. Assaults on operators have caused worker absence, productivity issues, and increased levels of stress for the victim and for coworkers. Minor incidents can be precursors to more serious violence against operators. Therefore, it is important that transit agencies address the issue of operator assaults before they become problematic. "Assault" of a bus operator is defined broadly in this synthesis and includes acts of aggression that may or may not cause physical injury to the operator. Assault is defined as: Overt physical and verbal acts by a passenger that interfere with the mission of a bus operator-to complete his or her scheduled run safely-and that adversely affect the safety of the operator and customers. Bus operator protection measures ranging from policing, personnel, and training to technology, information management, policy, and legislation were identified and explored in this synthesis study. Transit agencies face different challenges and problems, along with different sets of institutional, legal, and budgetary constraints; these issues typically are considered when agencies select and implement security measures. Some measures are more appropriate for preventing certain types of attacks. For instance, conflict mitigation training is appropriate for reducing assaults emanating from disputes, whereas barriers may be more useful in protecting the operator against spontaneous attacks. Some measures, such as emergency communications and vehicle location technologies, focus on improving incident response. Video surveillance is useful for deterrence as well as for identification and prosecution of assailants. Audio surveillance is especially useful in addressing verbal attacks and threats. Agencies have helped to enact legislation on enhanced penalties for operator assault and have established agency policies such as suspending service for violating transit agency rules. The characteristics of assailants also influence the protection method. If most are teenagers, a school outreach program may mitigate assaults. If gang-related assaults are increasing, close cooperation with local law enforcement could be key. The synthesis survey requested respondents to describe their bus system and security characteristics; their policies on fare and rules enforcement; characteristics of bus operator assaults; and their assault prevention and mitigation practices, including training, hiring, use of officers and patrols, technology, and self-defense tools and training. The survey was distributed to 88 multimodal and bus-only transit agencies representing large, medium, and small U.S. agencies; the survey was also sent to several Canadian agencies and to one Chinese bus rapid transit system. Survey respondents represented large, medium, and small agencies and were geographically diverse. In general, the primary security provider for the respondents was local, county, or state or provincial police; more than a third used a combination of security providers. Respondents that indicated having transit police departments were generally large or midsize agencies. Practically all agencies have a standard operating procedure in place for response to bus operator assaults. About half of the survey respondents stated that their local laws provided more severe punishments for assaults against bus operators than for some other assaults. Details: Washington, DC: Transportation Research Board, 2011. 136p. Source: Internet Resource: TCRP Synthesis 93: Accessed July 14, 2014 at: http://www.tcrponline.org/PDFDocuments/tsyn93.pdf Year: 2011 Country: United States URL: http://www.tcrponline.org/PDFDocuments/tsyn93.pdf Shelf Number: 132668 Keywords: AssaultsBusesCrime PreventionTransit CrimeTransit SecurityTransportation SecurityWorkplace CrimeWorkplace Violence |
Author: Agnew-Pauley, Winifred Title: x2 Summary: Aim: To determine whether there has been any change in the rate of reporting of assaults on licensed premises by staff in 2012-2013 in both the top 100 and unranked licensed premises for assaults. This paper also briefly examines the characteristics of both offenders and victims of assaults on licensed premises. Method: A random sample of 800 assaults (400 from top 100 premises and 400 from unranked premises) from January 2012 to December 2013 were tabulated and coded for relevant information. SPSS was then used to determine proportions of victims and offenders in various categories and any trends in reporting. Trend tests were carried out using x2. Results: There was no statistically significant trend in the proportion of reports of assaults emanating from staff on licensed premises. Details: Sydney: NSW Bureau of Crime Statistics and Research, 2014. 5p. Source: Internet Resource: Issues Paper No. 99: Accessed December 8, 2014 at: http://www.bocsar.nsw.gov.au/agdbasev7wr/_assets/bocsar/m716854l4/bb99.pdf Year: 2014 Country: Australia URL: http://www.bocsar.nsw.gov.au/agdbasev7wr/_assets/bocsar/m716854l4/bb99.pdf Shelf Number: 134271 Keywords: Alcohol Related Crime, Disorder (Australia)AssaultsCrime Statistics |
Author: Weatherburn, Don Title: Young but not so restless: Trends in the age-specific rate of offending Summary: Aim: To describe and discuss trends in age-specific rates of offending for property crime, robbery and serious assault. Method: Descriptive statistics and graphical displays. Results: The number of people apprehended by police for property crime and robbery has fallen sharply since around 2001 and is much lower now than it was 15 years ago. The decline has been most pronounced among adolescent and young adult offenders (aged 15-20 years). The rate at which people in this age group were apprehended for robbery first rose and fell between 1995 and 2004 and then rose and fell (again) between 2005 and 2012. The rate at which 21-24 year olds were apprehended for robbery declined between 1999 and 2012. A similar but less pronounced pattern is seen for 25-29 year olds. The rate at which people were apprehended for serious assault remained fairly stable for all age groups up until around 2003. Thereafter the rate rose rapidly for 15-20 year olds, peaking at around 2008 and then falling from 2009 to 2012. The rate at which older age groups have been apprehended by police for assault remained fairly steady since 1999 but over the last three years has slowly declined. Conclusion: It is impossible to be certain but there is good reason to expect a continuation of the downward trend in rates of property crime and robbery in NSW. The future course of trends in serious assault will likely depend on whether the current fall in alcohol misuse by young people continues. Details: Sydney: NSW Bureau of Crime Statistics and Research, 2014. 8p. Source: Internet Resource: Issue Paper No. 98: Accessed December 9, 2014 at: http://www.bocsar.nsw.gov.au/agdbasev7wr/_assets/bocsar/m716854l4/bb98.pdf Year: 2014 Country: Australia URL: http://www.bocsar.nsw.gov.au/agdbasev7wr/_assets/bocsar/m716854l4/bb98.pdf Shelf Number: 134292 Keywords: AssaultsCrime TrendsMotor Vehicle TheftProperty Crimes (Australia)RobberyViolent Crime |
Author: Ellis, Tom Title: Body-Worn Video: Evaluation of the Introduction of Personal Issue Body Worn Video Cameras (Operation Hyperion) on the Isle of Wight: Final Report to Hampshire Constabulary Summary: This study evaluated the impact of issuing all police officers on the Isle of Wight with Body Worn Video (BWV) cameras on 1 July 2013. It is based mainly on a series of measures in the year prior to camera issue compared to the same measures in the year after issue. These measures included data on changes in: public opinion; occurrences and crime; criminal justice processes (domestic assault) and complaints against police. In addition, there was also survey of IoW officers' views on BWV cameras and observational fieldwork. Isle of Wight public opinion on police BWV cameras - The Isle of Wight (IoW) public's trust in police to record all appropriate incidents with cameras is very high - 58% were aware of cameras after personal issue which was significantly higher than 26% in the period immediately before - Only 11% of residents in the "before" period had seen a police officer using BWV cameras which significantly increased to 29% in the "after" period - There was an overwhelmingly positive (84-96%) public attitude toward police use of cameras in: - gathering evidence - identifying criminals - increasing convictions - improving training - improving disciplinary procedures - Before personal issue, IoW public was less convinced cameras would reduce: complaints against the police; assaults on police; and crime and ASB. All ratings significantly improved after the roll out of personal issue BWV cameras - There was a significant rise (to 82%) in IoW public belief that all uniformed officers should use cameras. Isle of Wight Police Officers' views on BWV camera use - Officers' views on BWV cameras, where comparable, largely coincided with those of IoW public - IoW officers had significantly lower confidence than the public in cameras reducing assaults on police, but significantly higher confidence in them reducing complaints against them - Frontline officers were significantly more positive than non-frontline (mainly investigative) officers in valuing the deployment of personal issue BWV cameras on the IoW - The vast majority of officers agreed that all PCSOs should wear BWVs when on duty. Details: Portsmouth, UK: University of Portsmouth, Institute of Criminal Justice Studies, 2015. 75p. Source: Internet Resource: Accessed May 6, 2015 at: http://www.bwvsg.com/wp-content/uploads/2015/03/Ellis-Evaluation-Worn-Cameras.pdf Year: 2015 Country: United Kingdom URL: http://www.bwvsg.com/wp-content/uploads/2015/03/Ellis-Evaluation-Worn-Cameras.pdf Shelf Number: 135526 Keywords: AssaultsBody-Worn Cameras (U.K.)Complaints Against PoliceDisorderly ConductPolice TechnologyPublic OpinionSurveillanceVideo Cameras |
Author: Fuller, Georgina Title: The serious impact and consequences of physical assault Summary: In 2012, there were 116,105 recorded victims of physical assault in New South Wales, South Australia, Western Australia, the Northern Territory and the Australian Capital Territory combined (ABS 2013); equating to a victimisation rate of 969 per 100,000 population. This reflects a trend that has been consistent for the last 18 years of police recorded crime statistics, where physical assault has had the highest rate of victimisation of any of the four major types of violent crime (ie homicide, physical assault, sexual assault and robbery; AIC 2014). Estimates provided by the ABS' Crime Victimisation Survey provide further insight into the nature of physical assault in Australia. In 2012-13, there was an estimated 498,000 people over the age of 15 years who were the victim of a physical assault. An estimated 60 percent (n=294,100) of these were male, while individuals aged less than 34 years were more likely to have been assaulted compared with any other age group (ABS 2014). Females were more likely to be victimised in the home by a family member, whereas males were more commonly assaulted by a stranger in place of recreation (ie pubs or nightclubs) or on the street (ABS 2014). Yet despite these statistics, the narrow focus of academia and policy on particular types of violence has resulted in the impact of some forms of physical assault being somewhat overlooked. For example, the negative consequences of experiencing domestic violence or sexual assault have been extensively studied. Briefly, the experience of domestic or intimate partner violence has been associated with the development of a wide range of negative outcomes including mental health issues, feelings of shame or guilt and difficulties relating to men (see Ansara & Hindin 2011; Coker et al. 2002; Roberts et al 1998). Similar negative consequences have been found for sexual abuse, as well as other effects such as difficulties in interpersonal relationships, particularly around sexual functioning (see Cashmore & Shackel 2013; Colman & Widom 2004; Watson & Halford 2010). This type of information is particularly relevant, as it has been used to inform the types of services available to support victims of these types of violence. Yet victims of non-domestic, non-sexual physical assault have not received the same level of attention. In order to address this knowledge gap, the consequences of physical assault victimisation in isolation from other types of violent crime are explored in this paper. The purpose is to discover the impact of physical assault on both the victim and their family. This includes the effect of this type of violence on the victim's physical and psychological health, as well as their social, educational and occupational functioning Details: Canberra: Australian Institute of Criminology, 2015. 8p. Source: Internet Resource: Trends and Issues in Crime and Criminal Justice, no. 496: Accessed August 13, 2015 at: http://aic.gov.au/media_library/publications/tandi_pdf/tandi496.pdf Year: 2015 Country: Australia URL: http://aic.gov.au/media_library/publications/tandi_pdf/tandi496.pdf Shelf Number: 136386 Keywords: AssaultsCrime StatisticsVictimizationVictims of CrimeViolence |
Author: Leung, Kit Title: That's entertainment: Trends in late-night assaults and acute alcohol illness in Sydney' Entertainment Precinct Summary: Aim: To assess the role of administrative police and health databases in monitoring trends in, and epidemiology of, alcohol-related violence and acute alcohol illness associated with the night time economy in the Sydney central business district (CBD) Entertainment Precinct, prior to the introduction of 2014 government reforms addressing alcohol-fuelled violence. Method: We examined annual trends in police-recorded incidents of grievous bodily harm, ambulance Triple Zero (000) calls for assault, and acute alcohol illness emergency department presentations that occurred between 10 p.m. and 6 a.m. over a 10-year period (20042013). Trends were examined among persons of all ages and young adults (18 to 29 year olds) in the CBD. The rest of metropolitan Sydney provided a comparison area to evaluate whether trends were CBD-specific. Results: Among persons of all ages, there were 913 police-recorded incidents of grievous bodily harm, 10,427 ambulance calls for assault and 14,106 emergency department presentations for acute alcohol illness in the CBD over the 10-year period. Young adults accounted for between 62 per cent and 78 per cent of assault incidents and 58 per cent of alcohol emergency department presentations. Between 2004 and 2008, the annual number of assaults and acute alcohol illness increased two-fold. Alcohol illness emergency department presentation trends subsequently stabilised, while assaults in 2013 were at the lowest levels in 10 years. Similar trends were observed in the rest of metropolitan Sydney. Conclusion: The majority of alcohol-related assaults and emergency department presentations involved young adults. Ambulance and police administrative data sources provided a consistent picture of a recent decline in late-night assault trends. Alcohol-related emergency department presentation trends suggested other alcohol harms may be continuing at relatively high levels both in the CBD and in metropolitan Sydney. While violence appears to be declining in the CBD and across Sydney, continuing alcohol harm remains to be addressed. Details: Sydney: New South Wales Bureau of Crime Statistics and Research, 2015. 12p. Source: Internet Resource: Contemporary Issues in Crime and Justice, No. 185: Accessed September 14, 2015 at: http://www.bocsar.nsw.gov.au/Documents/CJB/CJB185_late_night_assaults.pdf Year: 2015 Country: Australia URL: http://www.bocsar.nsw.gov.au/Documents/CJB/CJB185_late_night_assaults.pdf Shelf Number: 136747 Keywords: Alcohol-Related Crime, DisorderAssaultsDisorderly ConductLate-Night Economy |
Author: Marklund, Fredrik Title: Crime prevention in hot spots: The results and experiences from two project targeting muggings and assault Summary: This report looks at two projects carried out by the police in Stockholm and Sodermanland in collaboration with the Swedish National Council for Crime Prevention (Bra). The project primarily concerns crime prevention initiatives targeting muggings in Stockholm and open-air assault in Eskilstuna. The point of departure was the potential in both cities to concentrate crime prevention initiatives to specific locations, known as hot spots, for the offence in question. Bra's role in this context was to provide methodological support - in the sense of assisting the various police authorities in the choice of initiatives and working methods based on available research - and to evaluate the outcomes of the projects. The police was responsible for designing the project's organisational framework, developing initiatives and implementing these. In both cases the project duration was one year. The purpose of the projects was to reduce the crime rate in the two cities. In a larger perspective, it is also Bra's hope that the report will contribute to stimulating the police to invest in crime prevention initiatives with a clearer scientific basis. Details: Stockholm: Bra -- The Swedish National Council for Crime Prevention, 2014. 7 p. (English Summary) Source: Internet Resource: English summary of Bra report No. 2014:15: Accessed March 12, 2016 at: https://www.bra.se/download/18.12caa4f91440b31239f321b/1399560117212/2014_Crime+prevention+in+hot+spots.pdf Year: 2014 Country: Sweden URL: https://www.bra.se/download/18.12caa4f91440b31239f321b/1399560117212/2014_Crime+prevention+in+hot+spots.pdf Shelf Number: 138181 Keywords: AssaultsCrime PreventionHot SpotsMuggingsPolicing Hot Spots |
Author: Donnelly, Neil Title: Did the 'lockout law' reforms increase assaults at The Star casino, Pyrmont? Summary: Aim: To examine trends in non-domestic assault in Pyrmont and The Star casino since the February 2014 reforms contained in the Liquor Amendment Act 2014 (popularly known as the 'lockout laws') were implemented in central Sydney. Method: Time series analysis, police narrative analysis. Results: The number of non-domestic assaults recorded at The Star casino increased following the introduction of the 'lockout and last drinks laws'. In absolute terms, the increase was fairly small; slightly less than two additional assaults per month. In 2015, 49 per cent of assaults in the suburb of Pyrmont occurred in The Star casino premises. In the majority (71%) of incidents the victim of the assault was a patron at the casino but more than one in 10 (15%) were taxi drivers. In 30 per cent of incidents the assault occurred while the offender was being evicted from the casino or after he or she had been evicted. Conclusion: The February 2014 reforms may have increased the number of assaults in Pyrmont, particularly at The Star casino. The increase, however, is much smaller than the decreases in assault recorded in the Kings Cross and Sydney CBD entertainment precincts following the reforms. Details: Sydney: New South Wales Bureau of Crime Statistics, 2016. 6p. Source: Internet Resource: Bureau Brief no.114: Accessed April 21, 2016 at: http://www.bocsar.nsw.gov.au/Documents/BB/Report-Did-the-lockout-law-reforms-increase-assaults-at-The-Star-casino-Pyrmont-bb114.pdf Year: 2016 Country: Australia URL: http://www.bocsar.nsw.gov.au/Documents/BB/Report-Did-the-lockout-law-reforms-increase-assaults-at-The-Star-casino-Pyrmont-bb114.pdf Shelf Number: 139091 Keywords: Alcohol Related Crime, DisorderAssaultsViolence |
Author: Australian Institute of Criminology Title: Improving lighting to prevent non-domestic violence related assault. Handbook for local government Summary: This handbook forms part of a series of guides to help local governments in New South Wales implement evidence-based crime prevention strategies funded by the Department of Justice (DJ) Crime Prevention Programs (CPP). This handbook has been developed to help guide you through the various stages of planning, implementing and evaluating an improved lighting strategy to reduce non-domestic violence related assault (NDVRA) in your local government area. Using the handbook The handbook provides an overview of the key steps that are involved in delivering an improved lighting strategy to reduce NDVRA. These steps are classified under the following three stages: Stage 1: Planning Stage 2: Implementation; and Stage 3: Review. These steps do not necessarily need to be undertaken in order. You may undertake some steps concurrently, or you may need to go back and revisit earlier steps. However, it is vital that some steps be undertaken early on in the project, such as consulting stakeholders and planning for evaluation. The successful implementation of a strategy to prevent NDVRA will often be heavily influenced by the characteristics of the local community. This needs to be considered throughout the project. Details: Canberra: AIC, 2016. 35p. Source: Internet Resource: Accessed December 6, 2016 at: http://www.crimeprevention.nsw.gov.au/Documents/Councils-Handbooks/assault_lighting_handbook.pdf Year: 2016 Country: Australia URL: http://www.crimeprevention.nsw.gov.au/Documents/Councils-Handbooks/assault_lighting_handbook.pdf Shelf Number: 140314 Keywords: AssaultsCrime PreventionEvidence-Based ProgramsLightingSituational Crime PreventionViolenceViolent Crime |
Author: Ring, Jonas Title: Mugging. A study regarding who is victimised, the offence, and the risk factors for robbery among young people Summary: The overall purpose is to map the characteristics and trends in respect of the robberies, as well as to contribute knowledge regarding who is victimised and who commits the offence. The study is based on information from Brå’s Swedish Crime Survey (Nationella trygghetsundersökning) (NTU), which is an annual survey regarding victimisation, addressed to individuals 16-79 years of age. Other material includes the Swedish School Survey on Crime (SUB), which is a self-reported study conducted among students in year nine. Information has also been obtained from a selection of police reports regarding mugging. The central enquiries are Are certain sociodemographic groups more exposed than others? Can one see any risk factors for exposure? How do mugging victims perceive their safety and what is their fear of exposure? When, where, and how are muggings committed? Is it possible to identify any factors which correlate with participation in robbery among young people? Details: Stockholm: Swedish National Council for Crime Prevention (Brå), 2016. 12p. Source: Internet Resource: English summary of Brå report 2016:11.: Accessed February 13, 2017 at: https://www.bra.se/download/18.3c6dfe1e15691e1603e1b8ae/1471874269840/2016_11_Muggings.pdf Year: 2016 Country: Sweden URL: https://www.bra.se/download/18.3c6dfe1e15691e1603e1b8ae/1471874269840/2016_11_Muggings.pdf Shelf Number: 147845 Keywords: AssaultsMuggingsRobberyStreet Crime |
Author: Donnelly, Neil Title: The effect of lockout and last drinks laws on non-domestic assaults in Sydney: An update to September 2016 Summary: Aims: To assess the longer-term effects of the 2014 NSW liquor law reforms on levels of violence in the inner Sydney area. Method: Interrupted time series models were used to examine the effects of the legislative reforms introduced in January 2014. Police recorded non-domestic assaults were analysed over the period January 2009 and September 2016. Separate analyses were carried out for the Kings Cross Precinct (KXP); the Sydney CBD Entertainment Precinct (CBD); an area contiguous with KXP and CBD called the proximal displacement area (PDA); a group of entertainment areas not far from KXP and CBD called the distal displacement area (DDA) and the rest of NSW. Results: Following the reforms statistically significant reductions in non-domestic assault incidents occurred in both the Kings Cross (down 49%) and CBD Entertainment Precincts (down 13%). There was evidence of geographical displacement to surrounding areas with increases in non-domestic assault observed in both the PDA (up 12%) and the DDA (up 17%). The reduction in the combined Kings Cross and CBD Precincts (930 fewer non-domestic assaults) was much greater than the increase in the combined proximal and displacement areas (299 more non-domestic assaults). Conclusion: Restrictions on the availability of alcohol appear to have reduced non-domestic assault in the target Precincts. Continued research is needed to monitor if displacement of these assaults increases further Details: Sydney: New South Wales Bureau of Crime Statistics and Research, 2017. 12p. Source: Internet Resource: Contemporary Issues in Crime and Justice Number 201: Accessed March 7, 2017 at: http://www.bocsar.nsw.gov.au/Documents/CJB/Report-2017-Effect-of-lockout-and-last-drinks-laws-on-non-domestic-assaults-cjb201.pdf Year: 2017 Country: Australia URL: http://www.bocsar.nsw.gov.au/Documents/CJB/Report-2017-Effect-of-lockout-and-last-drinks-laws-on-non-domestic-assaults-cjb201.pdf Shelf Number: 146417 Keywords: Alcohol EnforcementAlcohol Related Crime, DisorderAssaultsCrime Displacement |
Author: London Assembly. Police and Crime Committee Title: Policing the Night-Time Economy Summary: The Night-Time Economy (NTE) is a crucial part of London's offer to both residents and visitors. Pubs and clubs, cinemas and theatres, and cafes and restaurants operating in the NTE all provide entertainment, jobs, and growth for the capital. In addition it contributes to the creation of new social networks, and plays an important part in city life and the vibrant cultural offer of London. The Mayor is committed to growing the NTE, and recently proposed the creation of a "Night Mayor" for London to ensure that nighttime activity can thrive. 1 The introduction of 24-hour alcohol licensing over a decade ago changed the way the NTE operates. This helped to diversify the NTE and gave individuals more choice. It also began to bring London's NTE into line with its European counterparts. This evolution, coupled with future changes like the introduction of the Night Tube, means London is very nearly a 24-hour city. But as the 24-hour city becomes a reality, what are the consequences for policing? The Night-Time Economy, crime, and alcohol Based on the available data, there does appear to be a correlation between the NTE, crime and alcohol. Alcohol features in a higher proportion of crimes in London that occur at night than during the day. Many of these are concentrated in areas with a strong NTE. There also appears to be a link between alcohol and violent crimes. In 2013- 14 in London, there were significantly more arrests for violence against the person offences that were linked to alcohol, than for other offences. The areas with the most violence with injury (VWI) offences committed at night tend to be those with a strong NTE.2 Assessments of the link between alcohol and crime, however, rely on subjective data. This has led some to criticise the statistics used to determine levels of 'alcohol-related' crime as unreliable and inconsistent. One of the reasons for this reliance on subjective data, and for inconsistency, is because there is no agreed definition of 'alcohol-related' or 'alcohol-fuelled' crime. This may be addressed in the near future, as the Home Office is exploring whether a definition of alcohol-fuelled violence, and a national 'flag' to be used in crime recording, should be introduced. MOPAC should lobby the Home Office for the introduction of a national definition of 'alcohol-related' crime. Details: London: The Assembly, 2015. 31p. Source: Internet Resource: Accessed February 7, 2018 at: https://www.london.gov.uk/sites/default/files/policing_the_night-time_economy.pdf Year: 2016 Country: United Kingdom URL: https://www.london.gov.uk/sites/default/files/policing_the_night-time_economy.pdf Shelf Number: 149015 Keywords: Alcohol Related Crime, DisorderAssaultsDisorderly ConductLicensed PremisesNight-Time Economy |
Author: London Assembly. Economy Committee Title: Rewrite the night: the future of London's night-time economy Summary: London's night-time economy (NTE) is evolving. Bars, clubs and pubs have long been at the centre of night-time activity. But over the past decade, the capital's NTE has developed. The sheer volume and variety of entertainment and activities are a strong draw for residents, workers and over 31 million visitors to the capital each year. The launch of Night Tube services in summer 2016, followed by a night service on the London Overground network last December, has made it easier for people to travel around the capital at night. This, plus the introduction of 24-hour alcohol licensing, has earned London the right to be considered a 24-hour city, and brought the NTE in line with its European counterparts. However, the NTE could be further developed in terms of job creation, the range of cultural activity and the numbers and diversity of people enjoying nights out in the capital. London's NTE extends far beyond entertainment and leisure activities, and includes the many everyday jobs undertaken by cleaners, drivers, security and health personnel, for example, which are vital to its continued success. Developing the NTE will require a longer-term strategic outlook shaped by the Mayor, working with many partners. People who work in the NTE, use it, live around it, run the businesses operating during the night, and are involved in planning future development and managing the impacts, must be listened to. Looking after the welfare of night-time workers will be paramount. Their employment rights and workplace benefits will need to match those of workers in the day-time economy. At the very least they deserve the right to fair pay, a safe working environment, and access to safe transport options to and from work. The wellbeing of individuals on a night out should also be prioritised, driven by a broader national campaign to inspire more responsible alcohol consumption and to provide the support both they and pub and bar workers need. Residents should be properly included in discussions, locally and at a panLondon level, about planning the NTE as it develops, and how best to manage and respond to any impacts before they become problems. At times, these discussions will need to happen across borough boundaries and through well-established networks where the views of businesses, grassroots music venues, arts practitioners, residents, the police and local authority officers can be heard. These networks will help facilitate the more coordinated approach to regulating, licensing and public safety needed in the NTE across London. London's NTE must continue to diversify as it develops. It will mean being creative about content, welcoming of different genres of music, and appealing to more Londoners. Many varied and innovative things are happening in outer London boroughs. They too will need to be central to the Mayor's vision for the NTE. This will require an inclusive approach to marketing and promotion along with improvements to transport links in outer London boroughs at night. One simple measure would be to ensure that outer London events are featured and promoted in major listing publications across the capital, by London and Partners and on social media. The Mayor is rightly committed to turning London into a 24-hour city and this will need to be overseen at a London-wide level. This could usefully be delivered by permanently establishing roles for an individual, such as the Night Czar to promote and champion the NTE, and a policy-focused body, such as the Night Time Commission. The Mayor must build on his night vision document published in July 2017, and clarify how his plans for a more diverse NTE will be implemented, what the key milestones will be, and how he intends to measure the impact and progress of his work. A more diverse London NTE is to be welcomed, but it must be open to all Londoners - affordable, accessible, inclusive - and be a safe environment to enjoy a night out, and work in. Details: London: The Assembly, 2018. 49p. Source: Internet Resource: Accessed May 24, 2018 at: https://www.london.gov.uk/sites/default/files/rewrite_the_night_final.pdf Year: 2018 Country: United Kingdom URL: https://www.london.gov.uk/sites/default/files/rewrite_the_night_final.pdf Shelf Number: 150352 Keywords: Alcohol Related Crime, Disorder Assaults Disorderly Conduct Licensed PremisesNight-Time EconomyPublic Safety |
Author: Collazos, Daniela Title: Hot Spots Policing in a High Crime Environment: An Experimental Evaluation in Medellin Summary: Abstract Test direct, spillover and aggregate effects of hot spots policing on crime in a high crime environment. Methods: We identified 967 hot spot street segments and randomly assigned 384 to a six-months increase in police patrols. To account for the complications resulting from a large experimental sample in a dense network of streets, we use randomization inference for hypothesis testing. We also use non-experimental streets to test for spillovers onto non-hot spots, and examine aggregate effects citywide. Results: Our results show an improvement in short term security perceptions and a reduction in car thefts, but no direct effects on other crimes or satisfaction with policing services. We see larger effects in the least secure places, especially for short term security perceptions, car thefts and assaults. We find no evidence of crime displacement but rather a decrease in car thefts in nearby hot spots and a decrease in assaults in nearby non-hot spots. We estimate that car thefts decreased citywide by about 11 percent. Conclusions: Our study highlights the importance of context when implementing hot spots policing. What seems to work in the U.S. or even in Bogota is not as responsive in Medellin (and vice versa). Further research -especially outside the U.S. - is needed to understand the role of local crime patterns and police capacity on the effectiveness of hot spots policing. Details: S.L.: 2019. 44p. Source: Internet Resource: Accessed March 30, 2019 at: https://papers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?abstract_id=3316968 Year: 2019 Country: Colombia URL: https://papers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?abstract_id=3334076 Shelf Number: 155241 Keywords: AssaultsCar TheftsColombiaCrimeCrime DisplacementField Experiment Hot Spots PolicingPolicePolice PatrolsSpillover Effects |
Author: Kaplan, Jacob Title: Harm Reduction in Domestic Violence: Does Marijuana Make Assaults Safer? Summary: While all forms of domestic violence can be uniquely traumatizing, incidents resulting in serious injury can lead to lasting physical, mental, and financial consequences for the victim. Hence, it is surprising that most literature on the effects of policy intervention on domestic violence treats such incidents as homogeneous rather than considering differing levels of victim injury. This study provides evidence that decriminalization of marijuana leads to substantial declines in victim injury. Among domestic violence assaults where the victim suffered a serious injury, there was a significant decline in incidents where the offender was under the influence of alcohol or used a weapon. Details: Preliminary paper, 2019. 34p. Source: Internet Resource: Accessed May 17, 2019 at: https://papers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?abstract_id=3369231 Year: 2019 Country: United States URL: Shelf Number: 155889 Keywords: AssaultsDomestic Violence Drug Abuse Family violence Intimate Partner Violence Marijuana Victims of Crime |