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Date: November 22, 2024 Fri
Time: 12:14 pm
Time: 12:14 pm
Results for binge drinking
6 results foundAuthor: Derby Community Safety Partnership Title: Derbyshire's Alcohol Diversion Scheme Evaluation: Tackling the Binge Drinking Culture, March 2010 - April 2011 Summary: The Alcohol Diversion Scheme was created to deliver an effective brief intervention within a prevention model achieving behaviour and attitude change towards alcohol consumption with binge drinkers. The primary target group is young people 18-25. Derbyshire Constabulary have to be congratulated on their vision in developing a multi layered approach to their alcohol strategy. This scheme has demonstrated significant success in engaging this group. Arrest referral in Derbyshire predominantly delivers brief interventions to no-chronic drinkers. Only 180 of the 1500 clients they see are referred to treatment. The ADS achieves success in engaging the young binge drinking population. The success is built on the premise that binge drinkers are able to exercise relative control over their consumption and believe harm is related only to chronic drinking problems. Where this scheme demonstrates success it further evidences innovative thinking, complex integrated working practices with Derbyshire Constabulary result in a simple route to engage binge drinkers with an educational programme achieving behaviour and attitude change. The scheme is unique with its engagement technique; individuals issued with a fixed penalty notice £80 are enticed onto an educational programme for half the price £40. Their motivation for engagement is to save £40; it has nothing to do with seeking advice or information on alcohol use, however once engaged the educational programme built on a cognitive behaviour therapy (CBT) foundation achieves the aims and objectives. Behaviour and attitude change has repeatedly been proven. Where this scheme again demonstrates innovation is the financing. The scheme requires only set up costs. Once established Druglink assertively market the scheme to all individuals issued with a PND, their attendance finances the cost of embedding the intervention. The scheme is not dependent on an annual grant. Druglink manage the data transfer, marketing ,booking and delivery, it has a robust performance management and quality assessment framework. It is this internal driving mechanism which pre dates the Government’s current thinking around social engagement and payment on success; in this case the offender is paying, not the Public Purse, success provides a self sustainable intervention accessing a significant population at high levels of risk associated with health and offending. The cost of alcohol misuse to the Public purse is damaging , NHS is in excess of £2.5 billion, crime and public disorder £7.3 billion, £6.4 billion in the workplace and an unquantifiable amount to social and family networks. The Derbyshire Alcohol Diversion scheme was launched in March 2010, during the past year 97 individuals completed 13 courses, 82% were male, 55% were under 25 of which 37% were aged 18-21. 78% had been a victim of alcohol related violence, 88% had been involved in an alcohol related physical altercation. One of the learning outcomes of the course is the significance of receiving an alcohol related PND and potential consequences. Following the course 98% believed they would receive a conviction possibly resulting in a custodial sentence for a subsequent alcohol related offence. Prior to attending the course they viewed their PND as inconsequential as a parking ticket. 96% stated they now understood the link between alcohol and their offending, 39% reported they had previously knowingly driven a car whilst under the influence of alcohol; post course no such incidents were reported. Other learning outcomes include the physical and psychological harms of alcohol—98% reported the course had significantly increased their knowledge of the harms and dangers associated with binge drinking. Experimentation with alcohol occurred most commonly 59% between 13-15 years old with 53% of this age group experiencing alcohol intoxication for the first time. The average alcohol consumption pre course was 36 units per week, this was reduced to 15 post course, well within the Government’s safe drinking guidelines (21 units weekly for a man and 14 units weekly for a woman). Frequency of drinking pre course was 4 days a week; this was halved post course to two days a week. There was a total of 84 alcohol related admissions to A&E pre course; post course there were zero admissions. 66% had an alcohol related sexual encounter one night stand, 38% had accessed the GUM clinic and 13% has been treated for an STI. Post course there were no reported one night stands. The scheme compliments local alcohol strategies, effectively engaging binge drinkers and delivering meaningful behaviour and attitude change, resulting in significant health and offending improvements. Currently this is the only effective model for engaging young binge drinkers that evidences reduction on consumption and frequency in consumption it provides an innovative technique employing sophisticated learning tools. During the last decade we are seeing chronic drinkers in their thirties and late twenties , a decade previous they were in their forties. If we are to redress this deeply concerning trend we must engage young binge drinkers with a prevention model. The Alcohol Diversion Scheme achieves this objective. The scheme appears simple on the surface, however there are sophisticated monitoring and data transfer processes which maintain the consistency of the learning process ensuring careful management of PNDs within the CJS. Details: Hemel Hempstead, Herts, UK: Druglink, 2011. 25p. Source: Internet Resource: Accessed September 12, 2011 at: http://www.druglink.co.uk/Uploads/Editor/Shared%20Folders/file/Download%20PDF%20Evaluation%20of%20Derbyshire%20Alcohol%20Diversion%20Scheme.pdf Year: 2011 Country: United Kingdom URL: http://www.druglink.co.uk/Uploads/Editor/Shared%20Folders/file/Download%20PDF%20Evaluation%20of%20Derbyshire%20Alcohol%20Diversion%20Scheme.pdf Shelf Number: 122723 Keywords: Alcohol AbuseAlcohol Related Crime, Disorder (U.K.)Alcohol Treatment ProgramsBinge Drinking |
Author: Streker, Peter Title: Under the Influence: What local governments can do to reduce drug and alcohol related harms in their communities Summary: Local governments generally have played a limited role with illicit drug-related issues, as they are typically addressed by the federal and state governments’ law enforcement or health service providers. Local governments’ role in alcohol management is more pronounced, however, as alcohol is consumed by thousands of their residents each week in their municipalities’ businesses, sports clubs and other facilities. Local governments recognise that, on the one hand, alcohol can offer a number of benefits to a local community and, on the other hand, it increases a number of serious risks to the health, wellbeing and safety of residents and visitors. Alcohol plays a central role in vibrant social gatherings each week and is one of the nation’s most popular drugs, with 72.6 per cent of Australian adults consuming alcohol at moderate levels. The entertainment and hospitality industries that serve alcohol provide local jobs and stimulate a vibrant night time economy that extends beyond petrol stations and fast food outlets. Indeed, most local governments are themselves sponsors or hosts of functions, events and festivals where alcohol is served. While the overall consumption of alcohol has remained relatively stable over the last decade, some Australians —particularly young people—continue to consume at levels that put them at risk of long and short term harm. One out of every 10 Victorians drink at risky levels at least once per week4 and approximately 700 Victorians die from the effects of alcohol each year. The National Preventative Health Taskforce (NPHT) has calculated that more than 42 million incidents of binge drinking occur in Australian communities each year—most of which would have occurred within the nation’s 565 local government areas. In addition to the long-term health risks of alcohol-related diseases to residents, local governments are also confronted by the repercussions of alcohol-related assaults, injuries, property damage and other forms of anti-social or illegal behaviour. The NPHT1 has reported that 84 per cent of Australians were concerned about alcohol-related impacts in their community and other research found that nearly threequarters of adults had been negatively affected by another person’s drinking in the previous 12 months. Australian local governments have an important role in preventing acute and long-term harms from illicit drugs and alcohol in their neighbourhoods. This paper discusses some practical steps being trialled to reduce harms in communities, and provides an overview of local governments’ most promising future directions. It may be used by local governments to coordinate effective action across departments, with local partners and other tiers of government. Victorian legislation (e.g. Local Government Act 1989 and Public Health and Wellbeing Act 2008) has been used to populate many of the paper’s examples. These details will vary across other states and territories. Details: Melbourne: Australian Drug Foundation, 2012. 16p. Source: Internet Resource: Prevention Research Quarterly, No. 19: Accessed March 8, 2013 at: http://www.druginfo.adf.org.au/attachments/747_PRQ_localgov_2012.pdf Year: 2012 Country: Australia URL: http://www.druginfo.adf.org.au/attachments/747_PRQ_localgov_2012.pdf Shelf Number: 127868 Keywords: Alcohol Related Crime, Disorder (Australia)AlcoholismBinge DrinkingDrunk and Disorderly |
Author: Birdwell, Jonathan Title: Sobering Up Summary: Britain has a complicated relationship with alcohol. Despite the tabloid hysteria, the evidence shows that overall we are drinking less than we were a decade ago. At the same time, it is clear that some communities suffer from severe problems related to underage drinking, the harms of binge drinking and dependent street drinkers. The Government has not brought forward a strong national policy and in its absence, local authorities and Health and Wellbeing Boards who hold responsibility for public health will now lead the way. Sobering Up investigates what is already happening in communities across the UK and highlights best practice in the hope it will become wider spread. The research looks particularly at the role of shops and incorporates the views of local councillors, council officers, public health representatives, police, trading standards, alcohol support charities and shop owners and workers. It also includes case study areas - Blackpool, Ipswich, Manchester, and Kent - chosen for their mix of alcohol-related problems, as well as their geographical and demographic range. The report argues that each problem, in each community, is different and should be treated as such. However, some examples of best practice stand out. It recommends tackling the growing problem of proxy-purchasing through greater community policing of the offence and tougher punishments for those caught, and that city centres troubled by binge-drinking should do more to restrict access to those already very drunk. It also advocates more local partnerships to ensure local authorities, police and retailers are joined up - and that real effort is made to engage small retailers as well as the large chain retailers. Each of these measures could make a real contribution to tackling the alcohol-related harms that Britain still faces. Details: London: Demos, 2013. 104p. Source: Internet Resource: Accessed December 4, 2013 at: http://www.demos.co.uk/files/DEMOS_sobering_up_report.pdf?1385061889 Year: 2013 Country: United Kingdom URL: http://www.demos.co.uk/files/DEMOS_sobering_up_report.pdf?1385061889 Shelf Number: 131741 Keywords: Alcohol AbuseAlcohol Law EnforcementAlcohol Related Crime, DisorderBinge Drinking |
Author: Burrows, Michael Title: The Impact of Alcohol in Greater Manchester Summary: This report identifies available alcohol intelligence from across Greater Manchester. The data are separated into six categories: consumption, health related impacts of alcohol, crime, young people, and examples of interventions to tackle excessive alcohol consumption. The report contains the latest annual and quarterly data available. Where no updates have been published, the latest data published in the last quarterly report are provided here for reference. Where data are new or updated, these are labelled as such throughout this report. In the summary updated findings are formatted in bold Key findings for Greater Manchester: 1.1 Consumption - Synthetic estimates for increasing risk, high risk and binge drinking in Greater Manchester are significantly higher than both the England and North West averages. - Using the results from the Big Drink Debate in 2008, Bolton had the highest percentage of Increasing risk drinkers (27.2%; North West average 20.4%) and Manchester had the highest percentage of high risk drinkers (9.4%; North West: 6.4%). In comparison, Rochdale (16.6%; North West: 11.2%) and Bury (62.7%; North West: 61.7%) had the highest percentage of non drinkers and sensible drinkers respectively. 1.2 Health related impacts of alcohol - In 2008/09, NI39, hospital admission for alcohol related harm increased from 2007/08 across all Local Authorities in Greater Manchester. Manchester (2577 per 100,000), Salford (2527) and Rochdale (2547) had the highest rates, above both North West and national levels. - Latest data published by the North West Publish Health Observatory through the Local Alcohol Profiles for England (LAPE 2010) are for 2008/09. Here, intelligence shows that Salford had the highest alcohol-specific (885 for males and 436 females, per 100,000) hospital admission, again Trafford had the lowest in Greater Manchester - Levels of alcohol specific admission between the local areas have varied from May to June 2010. The rate of alcohol-specific admission was lowest for males in Bolton and Salford (89 per 100,000 populations), in Bolton for females (50). Salford saw the highest rates for both males (149) and females (91). - From May to June 2010, Salford had the highest rate of hospital admission for alcohol-related mental disorders (53 per 100,000) while Bury had the lowest. Salford and Tameside and Glossop had the highest rate of hospital admission for alcohol-related liver disease for males (18 per 100,000) and Stockport had the highest for females (12). - Levels of alcohol-related hospital admission (published through LAPE) have increased in Greater Manchester from 2006/07 to 2008/09. Manchester saw highest rate per 100,000 (2042 for males and 1161 for females) Trafford saw the lowest (1425 for males and 805 for females) - In 2009, Stockport experienced the greatest percentage of fatal and serious road casualties where alcohol had been consumed (16%). In three percent of all road traffic accidents, there were positive breath tests for alcohol. - In 2007/08 Greater Manchester Fire Service recorded that 43% of victims whose deaths resulted from fire had consumed alcohol. - Greater Manchester had a higher rate for alcohol-related mortality when compared with the North West and England overall. In Greater Manchester, alcohol-related mortality is greatest for males in Manchester and females in Salford, and lowest in Trafford. Details: Liverpool: Centre for Public Health, Liverpool John Moores University, 2010. 58p. Source: Internet Resource: Accessed May 10, 2014 at: http://www.cph.org.uk/wp-content/uploads/2012/08/the-impact-of-alcohol-in-greater-manchester.pdf Year: 2010 Country: United Kingdom URL: http://www.cph.org.uk/wp-content/uploads/2012/08/the-impact-of-alcohol-in-greater-manchester.pdf Shelf Number: 132312 Keywords: Alcohol Related Crime, Disorder (U.K.)Binge DrinkingHospital Emergency DepartmentsNuisance Behaviors and Disorders |
Author: MacNeela, Padraig Title: Young People, Alcohol and Sex: What's Consent Got To Do With It? Exploring How Attitudes to Alcohol Impact on Judgements about Consent to Sexual Activity: Judgements about Consent to Sexual Activity:Judgements about Consent to Sexual Activity: Summary: This qualitative study explores the intersection of university students attitudes to alcohol use and consent to engage in sexual activity. This report describes: - The background to the study - The two qualitative methodologies used to collect and analyse data - The findings that arose from student reactions to hypothetical scenarios of non-consenting sexual activity, and - Discusses the findings in respect of the scope to support change in attitudes to alcohol use and consent. One of the key findings in the extensive RCNI Rape and Justice in Ireland report (Hanley et al., 2009) was the high rate of co-occurrence of heavy drinking with rape, by perpetrators and / or victims. This finding led RCNI to develop a year-long campaign in 2012, titled Calling Time on Sexual Violence and Alcohol. The current study builds on this work to address the links that exist between sexual violence and alcohol use. Internationally, it is recognised that extreme intoxication is a component of how the public understand sexual coercion and rape. For instance, this link underpins a 'double standard' attitude, whereby victims are attributed more responsibility if they had been drinking while perpetrators are often perceived as less responsible (Abbey, 2008). Studies of university student attitudes to alcohol use and non-consenting sexual encounters are not available in the Irish context, so relevant work from other countries will be cited in introducing this study. One reference point in the existing research literature is that of stereotypical rape myths (Ryan, 2011). These myths rely on attitudes and social scripts that support a network of fixed, false beliefs about sexual violence. Such rape myths are linked to the stigmatisation of victims by others. They are also associated with self-stigma, as many women who have been forced to have sex do not label the experience of rape, due to their own internalized expectations for what rape entails (Littleton et al., 2006). Thus, a victim who has been drinking may be less likely to label sexual violence as rape, in the mistaken belief that he or she shares responsibility for the assault. It is not just through rape-specific expectations that preconceptions and stereotypes inform attitudes to nonconsenting sex. Berntson et al. (2013) take a broader view on how college students use scripts and pre-existing expectations to make sense of their relationship experiences. For them, relationships and sexual activity are interpreted through interpersonal sexual scripts that are shared among peers. Berntson et al. suggest that women are more likely to view their sexual activity within a communicative, relationship-based script. They contrast this with the traditional male preference for a recreational script for 'no strings' sex. This picture reflects long-standing cultural norms, in which men and women may be pursuing different, potentially conflicting objectives through sexual activity. It should be noted that gender role differences in expectations for sexual activity may now be changing. According to U.S. research, recreational sexual scripts have gained traction among young adults as an acceptable option for both sexes. This has been seen in the emergence of the 'hook up' culture. Hooking up refers to engaging in sexual behaviours without a pre-existing romantic relationship (Downing-Matibag & Geisinger, 2009). This might include sexual intercourse, but a hook up can also include or be restricted to oral sex, sexual touching, or masturbation. It is at this point that it becomes essential to consider the intersection between attitudes to sex and the impact that alcohol use has for sexual expression among young adults. Alcohol use has been identified as a critical issue for the well-being of young adults who take part in hook ups. In one recent survey of U.S. students, Thomson Ross et al. (2011) found that non-consenting sex was strongly associated with binge drinking and reports of harms arising from alcohol consumption. The link between drinking and non-consenting sex is especially relevant in an Irish context, as, quite apart from the emergence of a hook up culture, alcohol use is a dominant feature of socialising among young adults. For instance, a comparative study of 21 countries established that Irish university students exhibited one of the highest rate of drinking internationally (94%) (Dantzer et al., 2006). Dantzer et al. found no gender difference in the rate of non-drinking among Irish students, whereas in most countries rates of non-drinking are substantially higher among females than males. Ireland is one of several European countries with particularly high rates of alcohol consumption, along with Denmark, England, Scotland, Wales, and the Netherlands (Dantzer et al., 2006). All of these countries have high rates of binge drinking as well, a style of drinking that involves the consumption of large amounts of alcohol within a short period. There is by now little doubt that binge drinking is associated with considerably elevated risks of exposure to alcohol-related harms. These span the physical domain (e.g., injury, blackouts), psychological harms (e.g., lower quality of life, alcohol dependence), and social harms (e.g., higher rates of public disorder convictions, lower academic performance) (Kypri et al., 2009). Following repeated exposure to harms among peer networks, negative events such as a memory blackout or interpersonal conflict may become normalised. It may be the case that these adverse outcomes become accepted as the cost of accommodating heavy drinking as an integral part of the university experience. The degree to which alcohol-related harms such as non-consenting sex, rape, and sexual assault have been normalised is as yet unstudied in the Irish context. Details: Galway: Rape Crisis Network Ireland, 2014. 84p. Source: Internet Resource: Accessed April 12, 2016 at: http://www.rcni.ie/wp-content/uploads/Whats-Consent-Full-A41.pdf Year: 2014 Country: Ireland URL: http://www.rcni.ie/wp-content/uploads/Whats-Consent-Full-A41.pdf Shelf Number: 138638 Keywords: Alcohol Related CrimeBinge DrinkingCampus RapeColleges and UniversitiesSexual AssaultSexual Violence |
Author: Snowdon, Christopher Title: Drinking, Fast and Slow: Ten years of the Licensing Act Summary: - Introduced in 2005, the Licensing Act allowed more flexibility in pub, bar and nightclub opening times and allowed for the possibility of '24 - It was widely predicted that the relaxation of licensing laws would lead to higher rates of alcohol consumption, more binge-drinking, more violent crime and more alcohol-related attendances to Accident and Emergency departments. In the event, none of this occurred. - Per capita alcohol consumption had been rising for many years, but peaked in 2004 and has fallen by 17 per cent since the Licensing Act was introduced. This is the largest reduction in UK drinking rates since the 1930s. - Rates of 'binge-drinking' have declined amongst all age groups since 2005, with the biggest fall occurring amongst the 16-24 age group. - Violent crime declined in the first year of the new licensing regime and has fallen in most years since. Since 2004/05, the rate of violent crime has fallen by 40 per cent, public order offences have fallen by 9 per cent, homicide has fallen by 44 per cent, domestic violence has fallen by 28 per cent and the number of incidents of criminal damage has fallen by 48 per cent. There has been a rise in violent crime between 3am and 6am, but this has been offset by a larger decline at the old closing times (11pm-midnight and 2am to 3am). - The weight of evidence from Accident and Emergency departments suggests that there was either no change or a slight decline in alcohol-related admissions after the Licensing Act was introduced. Alcohol-related hospital admissions have continued to rise, albeit at a slower pace than before the Act was introduced, but there has been no rise in the rate of alcohol-related mortality. There was also a statistically significant decline in late-night traffic accidents following the enactment of the Act. - The evidence from England and Wales contradicts the 'availability theory' of alcohol, which dictates that longer opening hours lead to more drinking, more drunkenness and more alcohol-related harm. The British experience since 2005 shows that longer opening hours do not necessarily create greater demand. - There is little evidence that the Licensing Act led to the creation of a continental cafe culture, as some proponents of liberalisation had hoped, but the primary objectives of diversifying the night-time economy, allowing greater freedom of choice and improving public order have largely been met. By relaxing the licensing laws, the government allowed consumers to pursue their preferences more effectively. In practice, this resulted in relatively modest extensions in opening hours, not '24 hour drinking'. By allowing a greater degree of self-regulation, the Licensing Act benefited consumers without creating the disastrous consequences that were widely predicted. Details: London: Institute of Economic Affairs, 2015. 36p. Source: Internet Resource: Briefing 15:05: Accessed May 5, 2016 at: http://www.iea.org.uk/sites/default/files/publications/files/Briefing_1505_Drinking%20fast%20and%20slow_web.pdf Year: 2015 Country: United Kingdom URL: http://www.iea.org.uk/sites/default/files/publications/files/Briefing_1505_Drinking%20fast%20and%20slow_web.pdf Shelf Number: 138950 Keywords: Alcohol AbuseAlcohol Related Crime, DisorderAnti-social BehaviorBinge DrinkingDisorderly ConductDrunk and Disorderly |