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Date: November 25, 2024 Mon
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Results for community crime prevention
23 results foundAuthor: Cummings, RIck Title: Operation Burglary Countdown: Evaluation Study Final Report Summary: From the report: "The report describes the operation of Operation Burglary Countdown in the first two pilot locations, Bentley and Morely, over the time period of November 2003 to October 2004. The pilots are based on a partnership approach and specifically seeks to make use of the rational choice theory of Cornish and Clarke (1986)." Details: Burswood, Western Australia: Estill & Associates, 2005. 53p. Source: Internet Resource; Prepared for the Office of Crime Prevention Government of Western Australia Year: 2005 Country: Australia URL: Shelf Number: 104849 Keywords: BurglaryCommunity Crime PreventionCrime Prevention |
Author: Schultz, P. Wesley Title: A Social Norms Approach to Community-Based Crime Prevention: Implicit and Explicit Messages on Neighborhood Watch Signs Summary: The Neighborhood Watch program is the nation's largest and most visible community-based crime prevention program. Indeed, the Neighborhood Watch sign itself has become a prominent mainstay of the suburban American landscape. However, recent developments in social psychological theory suggest that publicly-posed Neighborhood Watch signs might inadvertently undermine the program by conveying a normative message that crime is a problem in the community. A series of three laboratory experiments was conducted to evaluate the effects of Neighborhood Watch signs on perceived crime rates, likelihood of victimization, community safety, and estimates of home and community quality. The studies utilized a simulated community tour in which participants were shown images of houses and communities and were asked to rate them along several dimensions. The presence and content of Neighborhood Watch signs was experimentally varied across the three studies. The first study focused on the development and testing of the community tour and sign stimuli, and evaluated the overall effect of the signs in an average middle class community. The second study replicated the basic effects from Study 1 and extended the research to examine the moderating role of community socioeconomic status (SES) on the effects of the signs. Finally, the third study explored the potential for the physical condition of Neighborhood Watch signs to moderate the impact of the signs in low and high SES communities. Details: San Marcos, CA: California State University, San Marcos, 2009. 82p. Source: Year: 2009 Country: United States URL: Shelf Number: 114901 Keywords: Community Crime PreventionCrime Prevention PublicityNeighborhood WatchSocioeconomic Status |
Author: Police Executive Research Forum Title: Target's Safe City Program: Community Leaders Take the Initiative In Building Partnerships with the Police Summary: Safe City is a program launched by Target Corp. in 2004 in Minneapolis to foster partnerships between local police and community members to reduce crime. Over the past five years, Target and local partners have started Safe City projects in more than 20 other cities across the United States. Because each Safe City program is developed by local officials, no two programs are exactly the same. Some Safe City programs have emphasized the introduction of closed circuit television camera networks or other technology; others have focused on new methods of information-sharing between police and community leaders. In some cities, Safe City has focused on downtown business districts; in other cities, Safe City is helping to reduce violence in residential areas. This report summarizes PERF's findings about Safe City as of late 2009. It includes separate chapters about individual Safe City programs in which the key leaders share some memorable stories about what they have accomplished. Details: Washington, DC: PERF, 2010. 46p. Source: Internet Resource Year: 2010 Country: United States URL: Shelf Number: 118726 Keywords: Community Crime PreventionCrime PreventionPolice-Community Partnerships |
Author: Rigakos, George S. Title: The San Romanoway Community Revitalization Project: Interim Report Summary: Privately owned and managed by Greenwin Property Management, the two buildings at 10 and 25 San Romanoway along with the condominium at 5 San Romanoway are part of what we call the San Romanoway Revitalization Project (Toronto). The San Romanoway neighbourhood consists of three high-rise buildings at the north-east intersection of Jane and Finch and is well known as the entranceway to Jane and Finch Corridor. Together with these buildings, a recreation centre is present (15 San Romanoway), which is primarily used as a daycare facility. In total, there are 892 units with a total population of approximately 4000 people, of these, approximately 2200 are said to be children and youth. These three buildings form a community neighbourhood within the larger Jane-Finch Community. It has now been over two years since the San Romanoway Revitalization Project kicked off at the north-east corner of Jane Street and Finch Avenue. In the intervening period, considerable community interest, time, and energy has been expended in the pursuit of a better quality of neighborhood life. The primary purpose of this Interim Report is to relate the findings of community crime research conducted in the Fall of 2004 and to compare the results to baseline data obtained 28 months earlier through the summer of 2002. This is largely accomplished through a comparison of data collected from residents answering a Quality of Neighbourhood Life Survey and supplemented by data from four focus groups. The San Romanoway community has experienced some significant changes in the two years since the Revitalization Project was implemented. Nonetheless, this is an Interim Report precisely because new initiatives are on the way and others have just begun. Indeed, in the 28 months of programming thus far, the San Romanoway Revitalization Association did not have any bona fide “centre” from which to effectively coordinate its programming. Moreover, community sustainability and crime control simply cannot be administered on an ad hoc basis. Details: Ottawa: Department of Law, Carleton University, 2004. 89p. Source: Internet Resource Year: 2004 Country: Canada URL: Shelf Number: 119526 Keywords: Community Crime PreventionCommunity Revitalization |
Author: Newlove, Baroness Title: Our Vision for Safe and Active Communities Summary: This report details what residents, businesses, local agencies and central government can do to begin a generational shift in the country’s approach to activism and tackling neighbourhood crime. The report, ‘Our Vision for Safe and Active Communities’, calls for a change of culture so neighbourhoods no longer see crime, antisocial behaviour (ASB) and disorder as ‘someone else’s problem’; and for services to go beyond simply asking communities what their problems are and see them as equal partners in resolving those issues. Baroness Newlove’s recommendations for local areas to take forward include: 'Community Reward' – where information provided by the community leads to a conviction the community is given a reward to spend on crime prevention work; 'Bling Back' – where money made from selling local drug dealers’ assets is handed back to the neighbourhood they blighted; letting communities set their own local speed limits; taking crime maps to the next level so people can use them to report crime and ASB and agencies can publish details of what action was taken against offenders; giving the public a single point of contact through the roll out of the 101 number to report ASB; providing council tax rebates, or vouchers for local businesses and services, for people who take part in activism; asking Police and Crime Commissioners to commit at least one per cent of their budget to grass roots community groups to use or have a say on. Details: London: Home Office, 2011. 60p. Source: Internet Resource: Accessed April 27, 2011 at: http://www.homeoffice.gov.uk/publications/crime/baroness-newlove-report?view=Binary Year: 2011 Country: United Kingdom URL: http://www.homeoffice.gov.uk/publications/crime/baroness-newlove-report?view=Binary Shelf Number: 121510 Keywords: Community Crime PreventionCrime Prevention (U.K.)Neighborhoods and Crime |
Author: Liberman, Akiva Title: Strategic Plan for a Collaborative Neighborhood-Based Crime Prevention Initiative Summary: Neighborhoods vary in their experiences of crime and victimization. The reasons include both immediate and long-term factors associated with crime. Neighborhoods vary in the ongoing levels of problem behavior, including crime, the presence of gangs or crews, and the availability and/or visibility of drugs. Neighborhoods also vary in the presence of risky circumstances that might lead to crime, such as the number of unsupervised and idle youth, in the number of unemployed residents, in the levels of physical and social disorder on the streets, and in opportunities for theft. Neighborhoods also vary in their levels of protective factors including opportunities for positive recreational opportunities for youth, in the resources available to combat crime and disorder, and in informal social control and supervision. This combination of immediate and long-term factors suggests a promising approach to reduce and prevent crime at the neighborhood level which would combine e orts to address short-term and long-term factors. E orts to suppress crime in the short term would be combined with e orts to address risk factors for crime in the longer term, through the provision of services, the remediation of neighborhood neglect, and e orts to improve youth developmental outcomes and increase human and social capital. Suppression e orts would be led by law enforcement and other justice agencies, while e orts to prevent crime through the reduction in its risk factors and increase in protective factors would be led by human service agencies. This report is a strategic plan for a collaborative neighborhood-based crime prevention initiative (NCPI) that combines suppression by law enforcement with intervention and prevention through social services to address risk factors for crime, and is guided by analysis of data on crime and neighborhood risk factors. Details: Washington, DC: District of Columbia Crime Policy Institute, Urban Institute, 2010. 26p. Source: Internet Resource: Accessed May 3, 2011 at: http://www.urban.org/UploadedPDF/412331-strategic-plan-collaborative-NCPI.pdf Year: 2010 Country: United States URL: http://www.urban.org/UploadedPDF/412331-strategic-plan-collaborative-NCPI.pdf Shelf Number: 121587 Keywords: Community Crime PreventionCrime PreventionNeighborhoods and Crime |
Author: O'Connell, John P. Title: Evaluation of Price's Run Weed and Seed Summary: The Weed and Seed Law Enforcement Subcommittee, made up of representatives from the U.S. Attorney and state Attorney General’s offices, Wilmington PD, U.S. Marshals, FBI, DEA, ATF, state and federal probation offices, was responsible for developing crime reduction strategies in the Price’s Run Weed and Seed area. Weed and Seed grant funds were used to pay police overtime for safety checkpoints and enforcement of quality of life crimes. In anticipation of the Weed and Seed grant, the Wilmington Police Department assigned 2 additional police officers to the Price’s Run neighborhood starting in October 2005, months before the initial Weed and Seed grant was awarded. From October 2005 to May 2006, officers assigned to the Weed and Seed area made 101 drug related arrests, 45 arrests for quality of life crimes, 10 arrested for weapon offenses, and 18 guns seizures. From March to May 2006, police handled 390 complaints, made 132 community contacts, made 90 pedestrian stops, and handled 470 special attention assignments. Starting in 2006, a Weed and Seed law enforcement grant was used to pay for police overtime operations that resulted in 98 vehicle stops, 8 traffic summons, 2 capias arrests, 49 warrant attempts, and 6 executed warrants. In 2009, a dedicated probation officer from the Delaware Department of Correction was hired part-time with Weed and Seed funds to conduct curfew checks and warrant attempts for probationers residing in Census Tract 6.02. Weed and Seed officers also held educational seminars to inform the public about the police department and distributed informational literature to resident of Census Tract 6.02. Fugitive Safe Surrender, a successful and well publicized weeding operation in Price’s Run, took place at New Destiny Fellowship Church from April 29 to May 2, 2009. Led by the U.S. Marshals Service and Delaware courts, this 4-day operation allowed persons with outstanding warrants to surrender to law enforcement in a non-threatening environment. Participants were able to meet with an attorney, be seen by a judge, and have their cases adjudicated on-site. While the program did not provide amnesty, participants were offered favorable consideration for turning themselves in voluntarily. A total of 1,073 fugitives surrendered to law enforcement (including 101 felons) and 4,131 warrants were cleared as a result of Fugitive Safe Surrender. Details: Dover, DE: Delaware Statistical Analysis Center, 2010. 59p. Source: Internet Resource: Accessed September 29, 2011 at: http://sac.omb.delaware.gov/publications/documents/weed_and_seed_evaluation_110810.pdf Year: 2010 Country: United States URL: http://sac.omb.delaware.gov/publications/documents/weed_and_seed_evaluation_110810.pdf Shelf Number: 122960 Keywords: CollaborationCommunity Crime PreventionCommunity PolicingProbationersWeed and Seed Programs (Delaware) |
Author: Victoria. Parliament. Drugs and cRime Prevention Committee Title: Inquiry Into Locally Based Approaches to Community Safety and Crime Prevention: Final Report Summary: The recent release of crime statistics in Victoria has shown that crime against the person has increased during the last year. Crime costs the community in a variety of ways. For example, the Australian Institute of Criminology found the cost of crime in Australia in 2005 to be nearly $36 billion per year. More recently a study by Professor Russell Smyth from Monash University conservatively estimated the cost of crime in Victoria 2009-2010 to be $9.8 billion. Given these statistics it is timely that the Drugs and Crime Prevention Committee has undertaken an inquiry into community safety and crime prevention. It should be noted at the outset however that this Inquiry has not been about individual crime prevention initiatives or specific areas of crime prevention such as family violence or alcohol related crime. Rather, the focus is about the processes and models through which effective crime prevention policy and programs can be developed and implemented at local level and the partnerships that can be formed to make this happen. The recommendations arising from this Report reflect this. Having said this the Committee received considerable evidence through submissions and witness testimony in Victoria and other parts of Australia that alcohol and drug misuse is one of the key drivers contributing to crime and antisocial behaviour and that accordingly measures need to be taken to address this. The Committee agrees that there is a definite place for criminal justice initiatives to deter and reduce offending and antisocial behaviours. However the concept of crime prevention cannot be narrowly circumscribed to traditional law and order approaches only. These approaches can be superficially attractive but they ignore the complex and multiple contributory factors that lead to criminal offending. Crime prevention strategies need to be based on social developmental, situational and environmental models approaches in addition to law enforcement measures. It is equally important to incorporate the concepts of community engagement, social capital and community capacity building into crime prevention policy and program implementation. Modern crime prevention and community engagement approaches are essentially about investing in safer, healthier and happier local communities. A key aspect of this Inquiry was examining local approaches to crime prevention including the role and work of Neighbourhood Watch within the community. The work of local government and community agencies therefore featured strongly throughout this Report. Much crime prevention theory and research indicates that initiatives developed and implemented at a local level are some of the best ways of reducing crime and antisocial behaviour. As most crime of immediate concern to communities is local (e.g. property crime, antisocial behaviour and alcohol related crime, vandalism etc.) then the primary focus for preventive action should also be local. As such the Committee has made recommendations to the overall structure of Community Crime Prevention in this state which will allow for greater local level and community collaboration as well as more easily facilitating input from experts. These recommendations will also provide for greater coordination across government. The Report and its recommendations address many of the complex challenges of crime prevention. The Committee is of the view that given this complexity of the task a ‘one size fits all’ approach is inappropriate in addressing the issues of crime and antisocial behaviour in Victoria. Details: Melbourne: Government Printer for State of Victoria, 2012. 376p. Source: Internet Resource: Accessed July 19, 2012 at: http://www.parliament.vic.gov.au/images/stories/committees/dcpc/Locally_Based_Approach_Crime_Prevention/dcpc.icp.finalreport.pdf Year: 2012 Country: Australia URL: http://www.parliament.vic.gov.au/images/stories/committees/dcpc/Locally_Based_Approach_Crime_Prevention/dcpc.icp.finalreport.pdf Shelf Number: 125684 Keywords: Communities and CrimeCommunity Crime PreventionCommunity ParticipationCommunity SafetyCrime (Australia)Crime Prevention |
Author: Crandall, Vaughn Title: Practice Brief: Call-In Preparation and Execution Summary: The National Network for Safe Communities’ Group Violence Reduction Strategy (GVRS), also known as “Operation Ceasefire,” has repeatedly demonstrated that serious violence can be dramatically reduced when law enforcement, community members, and social services providers join together to directly engage with violent street groups to clearly communicate (1) a law enforcement message that future violence will be met with clear and predictable consequences, (2) a community moral message that violence will no longer be tolerated, and (3) a genuine offer of help to those who want it. The strategy’s central tool to communicate these messages is a call-in—a face-to-face meeting between GVRS representatives and street group members. Practice Brief: Call-In Preparation and Execution is intended to help law enforcement, community, and social services partners already engaged in implementing GVRS to design, prepare, and execute their first and subsequent call-ins. Details: Washington, DC: U.S. Department of Justice, Office of Community Oriented Policing Services, 2012. 80p. Source: Internet Resource: Accessed December 1, 2012 at: http://www.hsdl.org/?view&did=723721 Year: 2012 Country: United States URL: http://www.hsdl.org/?view&did=723721 Shelf Number: 127086 Keywords: Community Crime PreventionCommunity ParticipationCommunity-Oriented PolicingViolence Prevention (U.S.)Violence Reduction StrategiesViolent Crime |
Author: Morgan, Anthony Title: Evaluating Crime Prevention: Lessons from large-scale community crime prevention programs Summary: The Australian Institute of Criminology has spent a number of years working with crime prevention agencies across Australia reviewing large-scale programs that involve the delivery of varying activities directed at the prevention of crime. Taken as a whole, this experience has shown that, despite good intentions and aspirations to evidence-based practice, both the level and quality of evaluations have been limited by several practical challenges. In turn, this has hampered efforts to develop a body of good quality Australian evidence about what is effective in preventing crime and what is required in order to deliver effective interventions. Using previously unpublished data collected as part of the reviews of two national Australian crime prevention programs, the authors examine the practical factors that impact on evaluation and make a number of important recommendations for the evaluation of projects delivered as part of large-scale community crime prevention programs. The authors argue that rather than persisting with traditional approaches that encourage local organisations to undertake potentially expensive and time-consuming evaluations of their own work, program managers and central agencies must become more proactive and increasingly innovative in their approaches to evaluation. Details: Canberra: Australian Institute of Criminology, 2013. 12p. Source: Internet Resource: Trends & issues in crime and criminal justice no. 458: Accessed July 11, 2013 at: Year: 2013 Country: Australia URL: Shelf Number: 129369 Keywords: Community Crime PreventionCrime Prevention (Australia) |
Author: Day, Andrew Title: Programs to Improve Interpersonal Safety in Indigenous Communities: Evidence and Issues Summary: There is now a substantial amount of published literature describing the range of programs and interventions that have been implemented in an attempt to improve aspects of community safety. Only a small body of this work, however, has examined the outcomes of those programs delivered to Indigenous Australians or, indeed, the communities in which they live. This Issues paper provides an overview of those programs that were identified in a systematic search of relevant research databases. Although a wide range of programs have been described, the diversity of these programs—combined with the limited published data available that documents their outcomes—makes it difficult to articulate what constitutes effective practice in this area. It is concluded that an evidence-based approach to practice in this area is essential if the long-term aim of the Closing the Gap initiative is to be achieved. To generate this evidence, however, more attention is needed to develop evaluation methods that assess the impact of program activities on medium and longer term outcomes. In addition, information about program outcomes needs to be integrated with what is known about the mechanisms by which effective programs are delivered, as well as with knowledge about how they might be most effectively implemented in different communities. Details: Canberra: Australian Institute of Health and Welfare; Melbourne: Australian Institute of Family Studies, 2013. 29p. Source: Internet Resosurce: Issues paper no. 4: Accessed August 12, 2013 at: http://www.aihw.gov.au/uploadedFiles/ClosingTheGap/Content/Publications/2013/ctg-ip04.pdf Year: 2013 Country: Australia URL: http://www.aihw.gov.au/uploadedFiles/ClosingTheGap/Content/Publications/2013/ctg-ip04.pdf Shelf Number: 129627 Keywords: AboriginalsCommunity Crime PreventionCommunity SafetyIndigenous Peoples (Australia) |
Author: Ruprah, Inder J. Title: An Impact Evaluation of a Neighbourhood Crime Prevention Program: Does Safer Commune Make Chileans Safer? Summary: Safer Commune is a neighbourhood crime prevention program in Chile. It has failed according to some critics who cite as evidence the rising crime rates and fear of crime in municipalities with the program. This is incorrect. Valid empirical evidence would be the crime rates that would have been observed without the program. Such an impact evaluation - using double difference propensity score method- reveals that the program has reduced high crimes particularly of two types of crimes namely battery and theft. Thus, high crimes would have been 19% higher in the communes without the program; the program has made Chileans safer. Active participation in the program by local residents has reduced insecurity and increased security; it reduced the fear of crime. However, with very low active participation in the program the scale of the effect is low. These positive evaluative findings suggest that an expansion of the program but simultaneously enhancing co-production of order through mechanisms to encourage local resident participation would have high returns. Details: Washington, DC: Inter-American Development Bank Office of Evaluation and Oversight. 2008. 28p. Source: Internet Resource: Accessed November 6, 2013 at: Working Paper: OVE/WP-09/08 Year: 2008 Country: Chile URL: Working Paper: OVE/WP-09/08 Shelf Number: 131587 Keywords: Community Crime PreventionCrime Prevention (Chile)Fear of CrimeNeighborhoods |
Author: Bynum, Timothy Title: Evaluation of a Comprehensive Approach to Reducing Gun Violence in Detroit Summary: Increasingly criminal justice agencies are integrating "data based" approaches into their operational strategies. This "new" model of criminal justice suggests that analysis of data on recent crime and violence incidents can lead to a more focused and targeted effort than previous enforcement efforts. Through such efforts, individuals, groups, and locations that exhibit a high level of gun violence within a limited geographic area are identified and a variety of intervention are then implemented. These interventions typically include both enforcement as well as offender focused interventions. These efforts differ from prior enforcement strategies in that they emphasize the integration of a problem analysis component in which data analysis is used to identify the patterns of gun violence in a small target area and enforcement resources are concentrated in this area. However, this approach also differs from previous "crackdown" enforcement strategies in that there are also community and offender intervention components that are integral to this model. The community component seeks to identify ways in which the community can be involved in working with law enforcement to reduce gun violence in this area. This is often through increased community meetings, and establishing more frequent and effective means of communication between the community and local law enforcement. In addition, the enforcement strategies used in this model are data and intelligence driven. As such they are focused on identifying the most problematic locations, groups and individuals that are most responsible for gun violence in this community. This report documents the implementation and outcomes of the implementation of Project Safe Neighborhoods in one of the jurisdictions in which this model was first implemented. Details: Unpublished report submitted to the U.S. National Institute of Justice, 2014. 69p. Source: Accessed May 5, 2014 at: https://www.ncjrs.gov/pdffiles1/nij/grants/244866.pdf Year: 2014 Country: United States URL: https://www.ncjrs.gov/pdffiles1/nij/grants/244866.pdf Shelf Number: 132234 Keywords: CollaborationCommunity Crime PreventionGun-Related ViolenceHomicideHot-SpotsIntelligence GatheringIntelligence-Led PolicingProject Safe NeighborhoodsViolent Crime |
Author: United Nations Development Programme Title: Community Security and Social Cohesion: Towards a UNDP Approach Summary: The dynamics of violent conflict are changing across the globe. The number of violent conflicts is decreasing, yet the level of social violence is greater than ever. Levels of violence are now higher in a number of non-conflict countries than in countries at war, and communities are facing increasing threats to their security and social cohesion. These changing trends reflect the complex and volatile nature of the root causes of violence, and highlight the importance of adopting a dynamic and multi-faceted approach to addressing these issues. Such complex challenges can no longer be met with separate, sectoral interventions. In light of these changing trends and given the need to balance institutional support with strengthening communities and their ability to resist armed violence, UNDP has prioritized community security and social cohesion as a key goal of its Strategic Plan (2008-2013). To help guide UNDP's evolving work in this area, the Bureau for Crisis Prevention and Recovery (BCPR) has produced this paper to provide a conceptual framework and common understanding of community security and social cohesion and to support the design and implementation of effective programmes in this area. The paper recognizes the imperative to strengthen community security and social cohesion in a multi-sectoral and cross-cutting manner, informed by a clear understanding of the drivers and causes of violence. It also highlights the importance of collaboration across the UN system so that comprehensive assessments and planning processes can lead to effective programming. The paper is the result of a substantive review of UNDP's practice in this field from 14 countries in crisis or emerging from crisis. The paper reflects extensive consultations with UNDP Country Offices, field practitioners, civil society partners, researchers and governments. Most importantly, it has been informed by lessons learnt from communities that are in crisis and those that have averted crisis. Details: Geneva, SWIT: UNDP, Bureau for Crisis Prevention and Recovery, 2009. 66p. Source: Internet Resource: Accessed August 6, 2014 at: http://www.th.undp.org/content/dam/thailand/docs/CommSecandSocialCohesion.pdf Year: 2009 Country: International URL: http://www.th.undp.org/content/dam/thailand/docs/CommSecandSocialCohesion.pdf Shelf Number: 132902 Keywords: Communities and CrimeCommunity Crime PreventionCommunity SafetyViolenceViolent Crime |
Author: Australia. Auditor General Title: Northern Territory night patrols Summary: . Safe and functional communities assist in addressing Indigenous disadvantage by providing an environment where individual and family wellbeing is fostered. Impediments to achieving this goal can include alcohol and substance abuse, violence (including domestic violence), youth unsupervised at night, mental health problems, property damage, and family feuds. A related community safety issue is the overrepresentation of Indigenous people in the justice system and the subsequent impact on individuals and families. These issues are inextricably linked with other social and economic factors affecting Indigenous communities. Accordingly, the Council of Australian Governments (COAG) has strongly emphasised the role that safe and functional communities can play in Closing the Gap on Indigenous disadvantage, and various Australian governments have made commitments to action in this area. 2. Night patrols are community-based intervention initiatives which seek to improve personal and community safety in Aboriginal communities across the Northern Territory. The Northern Territory Night Patrols Program is administered by the Attorney-Generals Department (AGD) as part of the broader Indigenous Justice Program (IJP). The IJP operates nationally and its primary objective is to reduce the numbers of Indigenous Australians coming into adverse contact with the criminal justice system. A key strategy of the IJP is to use cultural knowledge and identity in its implementation. 3. Night patrols originated in the Northern Territory as a community-generated response to improving safety by preventing anti-social behaviour within Aboriginal communities. One of the first night patrol services was established by Julalikari Council during the 1980s to patrol areas in and around Tennant Creek. These patrols were originally staffed by volunteers with the aims of resolving problems in town camps, settling disputes, and supporting and assisting local police in their dealings with the community. From these beginnings in the Northern Territory, the concept of night patrols spread to other Indigenous communities in Western Australia, Queensland and New South Wales. Subsequently, the Australian Government established program arrangements to support the operation of night patrols across a larger number of communities. Details: Barton, ACT: Australian National Audit Office, 2011. 126p. Source: Internet Resource: Audit Report no. 32 2010-11: Accessed March 2, 2015 at: http://www.anao.gov.au/~/media/Uploads/Documents/2010%2011_report_32.pdf Year: 2011 Country: Australia URL: http://www.anao.gov.au/~/media/Uploads/Documents/2010%2011_report_32.pdf Shelf Number: 134735 Keywords: Anti-Social BehaviorCommunity Crime PreventionCommunity ParticipationCommunity SafetyIndigenous Peoples (Australia)Night Patrols |
Author: Ramirez, Debbie A. Title: Developing partnerships between law enforcement and American Muslim, Arab, and Sikh communities: a promising practices guide Summary: The Partnering for Prevention and Community Safety Initiative (PfP) grew out of a series of conversations among American Muslim, Arab, and Sikh communities, and among federal, state, and local law enforcement leaders, that began in the fall of 2001. After the attacks of September 11th, leaders in the Muslim, Arab, and Sikh communities realized a critical need to define themselves as distinctly American communities who, like all Americans, had every desire to help prevent another terrorist attack. It was, as many have noted, their time in history. However, these communities also had the added burden of both guarding their civil liberties from heightened security measures and protecting their children, their homes, and their places of worship from hate crimes and hate incidents. To achieve these goals these communities began to prioritize law enforcement outreach efforts. At the same time law enforcement recognized that the tools used prior to September 11th were inadequate to the new post-September 11th task. Although traditional investigative tools had been useful in achieving a quick and thorough response to September 11th, law enforcement needed enhanced tools to effectively prevent future acts of terror. Specifically, September 11th reinforced the idea that for law enforcement agencies to effectively prevent future acts of terrorism, it would require the cooperation and assistance of the American Muslim, Arab, and Sikh communities. Embedded within these communities are the linguistic skills, information, and cultural insights necessary to assist law enforcement in its efforts to identify suspicious behavior. In order to have access to these critical tools and information, law enforcement recognized the need to build the bridges required for effective communication with these groups. In the fall of 2002, members of the future PfP research team came together at Northeastern University to pursue mechanisms for moving this discussion about institutionalizing partnerships forward into action. In order to assist with the development of partnerships, the team decided to research 1) the benefits of these proposed partnerships; 2) the challenges posed by this partnership model; 3) case studies of these partnerships in action; and, ultimately, 4) the "promising practices" that can be utilized by sites interested in pursuing this model. The PfP research was conducted from May 2003 to May 2004 and was based on three sites: Southeastern Michigan, Southern California, and Greater Boston. Guidance and input from national partners in Washington, DC was another critical piece of the research plan. These research sites were chosen because of their experience in developing preliminary partnerships between communities and local, state, and federal law enforcement agencies, the presence of major terrorism or hate crime investigations, and/or because significant numbers of Arab, Muslim and Sikh community members indicated an interest in participating in the study. These communities were chosen because both law enforcement and the perpetrators of hate crimes were (and in some cases still are) focused on individuals who share or are perceived to share1 characteristics with the September 11th hijackers. Specific research participants were initially identified through national organizations. Local chapters of these organizations then directed the team toward other interested community members, who were also asked to participate. On the law enforcement side, key federal, state, and local agencies were contacted in each of the three sites. Over the course of the year, PfP visited the three sites and conducted numerous focus groups, personal interviews, and discussions with community and law enforcement members. After these visits, the team continued to communicate with project participants through emails, letters, faxes, and phone calls. All project participants were given the opportunity to review a draft version of the relevant section of the report to help ensure its accuracy. As a culmination of this research, the Promising Practices Guide aims to demonstrate the research findings that: 1) The goals of the American Muslim, Arab, and Sikh communities and law enforcement are not in conflict and can in fact be achieved simultaneously; 2) The most effective model for simultaneously addressing community and law enforcement concerns is through institutionalized partnerships; and 3) While there are significant challenges to achieving these partnerships, they are not only possible but also necessary for both community safety and terrorism prevention. While this work is by no means comprehensive, it does reflect the experience of a wide range of community and law enforcement representatives. Both in terms of studying additional sites and contacting more community organizations and law enforcement entities, there is still much work in this arena to be done. The hope is that this guide will serve as the beginning of an ongoing dialogue and the catalyst for new programming and training focused on the initiation, development, and strengthening of partnerships. This research will continue and can be followed by accessing PfP's website at www.ace.neu.edu/pfp. Details: Boston: Northeastern University, Partnering for Prevention & Community Safety Initiative, 2004. 98p. Source: Internet Resource: Accessed March 11, 2015 at: http://iris.lib.neu.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=1003&context=pfp_pubs Year: 2004 Country: United States URL: http://iris.lib.neu.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=1003&context=pfp_pubs Shelf Number: 134905 Keywords: Community Crime PreventionCommunity ParticipationCommunity-Oriented ProgramsCrime Prevention Programs (U.S.)Minority GroupsPartnershipsPolice-Citizen InteractionsPolice-Community RelationsTerrorism |
Author: Queensland. Parliament. Legal Affairs and Community Safety Committee Title: Inquiry on strategies to prevent and reduce criminal activity in Queensland Summary: Crime prevention as a strategy for governments is not a new concept. It has long been accepted that implementation of strategies or programs aimed at preventing the incidence of crime is one of the most effective ways of reducing the overall levels of crime. According to the National Crime Prevention Framework (prepared by the Australian Institute of Criminology (AIC) on behalf of the Australian and New Zealand Crime Prevention Senior Officers' Group), crime prevention includes: ...strategies and measures that seek to reduce the risk of crime occurring, and their potential harmful effects on individuals and society, including fear of crime, by intervening to influence their multiple causes. In addition to improving the general safety and security of individuals that comes with more general law enforcement efforts, crime prevention strategies can have a number of other benefits including: - reducing the long term costs associated with the criminal justice system; - reducing the direct costs of crime - both economic and social; - reducing the indirect costs of crime - by increased savings in areas such as welfare and health care payments; and - a general improvement in the quality of life of members in the community. 2.1 Approaches to Crime Prevention While the concept of crime prevention appears relatively simple at first glance, crime prevention is complex with a range of factors influencing which type of strategy or program to use for a particular problem at any given time. There are four generally accepted approaches to crime prevention, to which consideration should be given when looking at how to address particular problems. Criminal Justice approaches - which see the police and other law enforcement agencies carrying out their core business of enforcing the laws and offenders being held to account by progressing through the courts and correctional facilities. Social or developmental approaches - which focus primarily on 'early intervention' and targets areas to address the underlying social and economic causes of such crime. These types of approaches often focus on parenting programs and school based programs and aim to reduce the likelihood of young people entering the criminal justice system. Situational or environmental approaches - which look more at the physical environment in which crime occurs. These approaches aim to reduce opportunities for crime through better design, organisation and management of public places, and generally improving security measures for both homes and businesses. Community based approaches - which, as the name suggests, focus on neighbourhoods or suburbs where the community as a group develops initiatives that aim to strengthen the community spirit, encourage social interaction and reduce the incidence of crime through increased community engagement. A greater sense of community is aimed at changing the attitudes of would be offenders and involving them in community projects. Research has shown that no single approach is more beneficial than any other, with each having their place to address individual problems. What has also been shown, is that whatever the approach is that has been taken, to ensure its success - it must be well planned and coordinated, appropriately resourced and have the commitment of all those involved. Details: Brisbane: Queensland Parliament, 2014. 371p. Source: Internet Resource: Report No. 82: Accessed April 8, 2015 at: http://www.parliament.qld.gov.au/documents/committees/LACSC/2014/CrimeInquiry2014/rpt-082-28Nov2014.pdf Year: 2014 Country: Australia URL: http://www.parliament.qld.gov.au/documents/committees/LACSC/2014/CrimeInquiry2014/rpt-082-28Nov2014.pdf Shelf Number: 135192 Keywords: Community Crime PreventionCrime Prevention (Australia)Criminal Justice ProgramsSituational Crime PreventionSocio-Economic Conditions and Crime |
Author: Hulme, Shann Title: Evaluation of the Victorian Community Crime Prevention Program: Final Report Summary: The Community Crime Prevention Program (CCPP), established by the Victorian Government, aims to enhance communities' capacity to deliver local solutions to crime. It is part of a broader suite of initiatives to reduce the impact of criminal behaviour on Victorians. The Community Crime Prevention Unit (CCPU) is a business unit within the Department of Justice (DOJ) to administer the CCPP. The mainstay of the CCPP is a competitive grants program available to a wide variety of community organisations and local government authorities. Bodies that comply with the qualifying criteria are able to apply for funding in the allocated funding rounds. DOJ commissioned the Australian Institute of Criminology (AIC) to conduct an evaluation of the Victorian CCPP. In order to assess the strategic appropriateness and efficacy of the CCPP the AIC, in consultation with the CCPU and the Regional Directors forum that operates across the DOJ, developed a program logic model and evaluation framework. This informed the development of a comprehensive methodology combining qualitative and quantitative research methods. This included: consultation with key stakeholders; online survey of local government and community organisations; review of CCPP-sponsored interventions; and analysis of administrative data and program documentation relating to the operation of the CCPP. Details: Canberra: Australian Institute of Criminology, 2015. 102p. Source: Internet Resource: Accessed July 8, 2015 at: http://www.aic.gov.au/media_library/publications/special/008/Evaluation-Victorian-CCPP.pdf Year: 2015 Country: Australia URL: http://www.aic.gov.au/media_library/publications/special/008/Evaluation-Victorian-CCPP.pdf Shelf Number: 135966 Keywords: Community Crime PreventionCrime Prevention |
Author: Clary, Jennifer Title: Altgeld-Riverdale Consortium: Evaluation Findings Summary: The Chicago Housing Authority (CHA) received a 9-month grant from the Illinois Criminal Justice Information Authority to support the further development of the Altgeld-Riverdale Consortium (ARC) in its efforts to improve safety in CHA's Altgeld Gardens and the surrounding Riverdale neighborhood in Chicago between January and September 2013. The Social IMPACT Research Center (IMPACT) at Heartland Alliance evaluated the group's efforts towards meeting the goals and objectives stated in the grant proposal. Details: Chicago: Social IMPACT Research Center, 2014. 45p. Source: Internet Resource: Accessed January 27, 2016 at: http://www.issuelab.org/resource/altgeld_riverdale_consortium_evaluation_findings Year: 2014 Country: United States URL: http://www.issuelab.org/resource/altgeld_riverdale_consortium_evaluation_findings Shelf Number: 137685 Keywords: Community Crime PreventionCommunity Participation Homeless Persons Homelessness Housing Neighborhoods and Crime Public Safety |
Author: Sethi, Jenna Title: Co-Creating Community Change: Responding to Violence through Youth Media Practice Summary: Young people have unprecedented access to media. They are not just "watching" media content; they are critiquing popular media and creating a variety of their own media projects to examine their lived experience (Sefton-Green & Soep, 2007; Chavez & Soep, 2005). The purpose of this critical qualitative study was to illuminate the ways youth, as active agents, address violence in their communities through producing media. The second purpose of this study was to better understand the youth work practices that support young people who examine and change their communities. The following questions guided this project: How do youth experience violence in their communities? How do youth create media to address violence? What does the process of creating media to address violence mean to them? What youth work practices support the efforts of young people in the process of creating media to address violence in their respective communities? Constructivist, critical and participatory theories guided this study (Guba & Lincoln, 2000; Friere, 1970; Cammarota & Fine, 2008). Semi-structured in-depth interviews (Kvale & Brinkman, 2009; Patton, 2005; Madison, 2005) with 15 staff and young filmmakers, mural and spoken word artists in three different urban communities were conducted in order to better understand this phenomenon. Findings expand upon our knowledge of young people's experience with violence. Their experience required a multifaceted analysis of violence including: physical, structural, institutional and emotional realities. Young people in this study created media to address these forms of violence through a sustained and complex process that included personal growth, building media skills and community development. Youth workers supported this process through creating an intentional sense of belonging attuned to young people's context, culture and community. They also co-created spaces where spiritual healing and critical hope could flourish by standing with youth to examine and speak back to injustice inspiring positive change. Details: Minneapolis: University of Minnesota, 2014. 223p. Source: Internet Resource: Dissertation: Accessed February 8, 2016 at: https://conservancy.umn.edu/bitstream/handle/11299/167463/Sethi_umn_0130E_15121.pdf?sequence=1&isAllowed=y Year: 2014 Country: United States URL: https://conservancy.umn.edu/bitstream/handle/11299/167463/Sethi_umn_0130E_15121.pdf?sequence=1&isAllowed=y Shelf Number: 137784 Keywords: Community Crime PreventionCommunity ParticipationMedia ViolenceViolence Prevention |
Author: Clark, Ian Title: Reducing Reoffending Change Fund Evaluation of Year 1 - Public Social Partnership Development Summary: This research report outlines findings of an evaluation of Public Social Partnership development funded by Year One of the Reducing Reoffending Change Fund. It focuses on how the funding was used, and what was achieved by the partnerships in the first six months of the Fund. The 14 organisations awarded Development Funding in Year 1 of the Reducing Reoffending Change Fund used the funding to develop Public Social Partnerships and proposals for mentoring services. The Development Funding enabled the lead organisations to undertake a range of activities which were generally viewed as successful. Overall, interviewees felt that strong partnership working occurred during the PSP development process. They also highlighted that co-production and extensive service user consultation had a positive impact on the quality of mentoring services developed. Constructive discussions on sustainability occurred which led to commitments from some public sector partners to underwrite services in the future subject to caveats. Interviewees highlighted challenges throughout the PSP development process. The limited time for PSP development was felt to be the main issue as it was highlighted as a challenge to partnership working, service user involvement, co-production and sustainability. The challenges had not generally dissuaded interviewees from future involvement in the PSP model. Details: Edinburgh: Scottish Government Social Research, 2013. 76p. Source: Internet Resource: Accessed February 8, 2016 at: http://www.gov.scot/Resource/0042/00422603.pdf Year: 2013 Country: United Kingdom URL: http://www.gov.scot/Resource/0042/00422603.pdf Shelf Number: 137795 Keywords: Community Crime PreventionPartnerships Recidivism Reoffending |
Author: Holloway, Katy Title: Does Neighborhood Watch Reduce Crime? Summary: Neighborhood Watch grew out of a movement in the United States that promoted greater involvement of citizens in the prevention of crime (Titus, 1984). Variations include block watch, apartment watch, home watch, citizen alert, and community watch. The main method by which Neighborhood Watch is supposed to help reduce crime is when residents look for and report suspicious incidents to the police and thereby perhaps deter potential offenders from committing a crime (Bennett 1990). One of the first evaluations of Neighborhood Watch programs in the United States was of the Seattle (Washington) Community Crime Prevention Project launched in 1973 (Cirel, Evans, McGillis, and Whitcomb, 1977). One of the first evaluations of Neighborhood Watch programs1 in the United Kingdom was of the Home Watch program implemented in 1982 in Cheshire (Anderton, 1985). Both evaluations identified a greater reduction in burglary in areas where Neighborhood Watch programs had been introduced, than in comparison areas. Since the 1980s, the number of Neighborhood Watch programs in the UK has expanded considerably. The report of the 2000 British Crime Survey estimated that more than a quarter (27 percent) of all households (approximately six million households) in England and Wales were members of a Neighborhood Watch program (Sims, 2001). This amounted to more than 155,000 active programs. A similar expansion has occurred in the U.S. The report of The 2000 National Crime Prevention Survey (National Crime Prevention Council, 2001) estimated that 41 percent of the American population lived in communities covered by Neighborhood Watch. The report concluded, "This makes Neighborhood Watch the largest single organized crime-prevention activity in the nation" (p. 39). Considering such large investments of resources and community involvement, it is important to ask whether Neighborhood Watch is effective in reducing crime. To investigate this, we reviewed all available studies evaluating the effectiveness of Neighborhood Watch programs in reducing crime. In this publication we summarize the findings of this review and discuss policy implications. Details: Washington, DC: U.S. Department of Justice Office of Community Oriented Policing Services, 2008. 46p. Source: Internet Resource: Crime Prevention Research Review No. 3: Accessed May 21, 2018 at: https://www.hsdl.org/?abstract&did=703241 Year: 2008 Country: International URL: https://www.hsdl.org/?abstract&did=703241 Shelf Number: 150322 Keywords: Community Crime PreventionCrime PreventionNeighborhood Watch |
Author: Skae, Tannia Title: The violence virus: A community response to reducing youth violence in London Summary: Youth Violence in London is on the rise. From 2016 to 2017, the rate of young people who were stabbed to death in the capital almost doubled. 59 per cent of gun crime offenders are now under the age of 25 and three of every four acid attacks are committed by people aged under 29. Many see this violence as a virus that should be treated as such, with calls for a multi-agency approach that: 1. Examines the causes 2. Prescribes appropriate treatment 3. Invests in a long-term cure. We carried out a series of interviews with community-based organisations, front line service delivery practitioners, youth workers, ex-offenders and politicians. The aim; to understand their role, to learn from their experience and to explore the opportunities to work together to counter the rising trend. We found that community-based organisations play a powerful and unique role in providing solutions to tackle youth violence in London. They provide support throughout the epidemic, at three key stages: 1. Prevention: they recognise triggers and react before and at first signs, providing early intervention support 2. Crisis intervention: they are experts in providing immediate, emergency support and conflict mediation 3. After care: they specialise in providing rehabilitation and long-term support. Details: London: The London Community Foundations, 2018. 17p. Source: Internet Resource: Accessed February 15, 2019 at: https://londoncf.org.uk/uploads/The-Violence-Virus-final.pdf Year: 2018 Country: United Kingdom URL: https://londoncf.org.uk/uploads/The-Violence-Virus-final.pdf Shelf Number: 154622 Keywords: Community Crime PreventionGun Violence Violent Crime Youth Gangs Youth Violence |