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Date: November 25, 2024 Mon
Time: 8:08 pm
Time: 8:08 pm
Results for costs of crime (u.k.)
4 results foundAuthor: Cornaglia, Francesca Title: Crime and Mental Wellbeing Summary: Most estimates of the cost of crime focus on victims. Yet it is plausible that an even larger cost of crime occurs via its indirect impact on the mental wellbeing of non-victims. To test how crime affects individuals’ mental outcomes, we exploit detailed panel data on mental wellbeing, allowing us to observe the relationship between changes in crime in a local area and changes in the mental wellbeing of resident non-victims in that area (controlling for changes in local economic conditions). Our results suggest that increases in crime rates have a negative impact on the mental wellbeing of residents, with the biggest impacts arising from violent crime. We also find that local press coverage of criminal activity enhances the effect of crime on mental well-being. Details: London: London School of Economics and Political Science, Centre for Economic Performance, 2011. 59p. Source: Internet Resource: CEP Discussion Paper No 1049: Accessed July 27, 2011 at: http://cep.lse.ac.uk/pubs/download/dp1049.pdf Year: 2011 Country: United Kingdom URL: http://cep.lse.ac.uk/pubs/download/dp1049.pdf Shelf Number: 122175 Keywords: Costs of Crime (U.K.)Fear of CrimeMental HealthNeighborhoods |
Author: Great Britain. Department for Transport Title: Estimated costs to society of crime on public transport in England 2006/07 Summary: The key findings on estimated numbers of crimes committed on public transport and the estimated costs of particular crimes committed on public transport. Transport Minister Norman Baker: "I want to see more and more people using public transport – one of the key ways of encouraging this is to make sure it is a safe option." "Passengers and staff rightly expect to travel safely and securely. Thankfully this research shows that crime on public transport is rare. However one incident is obviously one incident too many, but at its worst it can lead to reduced patronage, damaged vehicles, high staff turnover, and ultimately the withdrawal of services." "Today’s round table discussion brings together representatives from across the transport and crime spectrum – Home Office, passenger groups, transport operators, police groups – to discuss how we can further support all the work already dedicated to tackling crime on public transport." Details: London: Department for Transport, 2010. Source: Internet Resource: Accessed March 10, 2012 at http://www.dft.gov.uk/publications/estimated-society-costs-public-transport-crime-england-2006-07/ Year: 2010 Country: United Kingdom URL: http://www.dft.gov.uk/publications/estimated-society-costs-public-transport-crime-england-2006-07/ Shelf Number: 119390 Keywords: Costs of Crime (U.K.)Public Transportation (U.K.)Transit Crime (U.K.) |
Author: Anderson, Ross Title: Measuring the Cost of Cybercrime Summary: In this paper we present what we believe to be the rst systematic study of the costs of cybercrime. It was prepared in response to a request from the UK Ministry of Defence following scepticism that previous studies had hyped the problem. For each of the main categories of cybercrime we set out what is and is not known of the direct costs, indirect costs and defence costs { both to the UK and to the world as a whole. We distinguish carefully between traditional crimes that are now `cyber' because they are conducted online (such as tax and welfare fraud); transitional crimes whose modus operandi has changed substantially as a result of the move online (such as credit card fraud); new crimes that owe their existence to the Internet; and what we might call platform crimes such as the provision of botnets which facilitate other crimes rather than being used to extract money from victims directly. As far as direct costs are concerned, we nd that traditional o ences such as tax and welfare fraud cost the typical citizen in the low hundreds of pounds/Euros/dollars a year; transitional frauds cost a few pounds/Euros/dollars; while the new computer crimes cost in the tens of pence/cents. However, the indirect costs and defence costs are much higher for transitional and new crimes. For the former they may be roughly comparable to what the criminals earn, while for the latter they may be an order of magnitude more. As a striking example, the botnet behind a third of the spam sent in 2010 earned its owners around US$2.7m, while worldwide expenditures on spam prevention probably exceeded a billion dollars. We are extremely inecient at ghting cybercrime; or to put it another way, cybercrooks are like terrorists or metal thieves in that their activities impose disproportionate costs on society. Some of the reasons for this are well-known: cybercrimes are global and have strong externalities, while traditional crimes such as burglary and car theft are local, and the associated equilibria have emerged after many years of optimisation. As for the more direct question of what should be done, our gures suggest that we should spend less in anticipation of cybercrime (on antivirus, rewalls, etc.) and more in response { that is, on the prosaic business of hunting down cyber-criminals and throwing them in jail. Details: Berlin: Workshop on the Economics of Information Security, 2012. 31p. Source: Conference Report: Internet Resource: Accessed August 14, 2012 at http://weis2012.econinfosec.org/papers/Anderson_WEIS2012.pdf Year: 2012 Country: United Kingdom URL: http://weis2012.econinfosec.org/papers/Anderson_WEIS2012.pdf Shelf Number: 126027 Keywords: Computer Crime (U.K.)Costs of Crime (U.K.)Cybercrimes (U.K.)Internet Crimes (U.K.) |
Author: British Retail Consortium Title: Counting the Cost of E-Crime - Executive Summary Summary: Findings from the first e-crime study undertaken by the British Retail Consortium (BRC) are based on responses to a quantitative survey conducted between April and May 2012. The survey was conducted online and supplemented with a series of follow-up qualitative interviews. Respondents were members of the BRC drawn from a selection of key retailing types including supermarkets, department stores, fashion, health and beauty and mixed retail. Taken together, the retailers questioned constitute around 45 per cent of the UK retail sector by turnover. Recent data from the Office for National Statistics (ONS 2011) has highlighted the increasing significance of e-commerce for the UK economy, with an estimated value of online retail sales of £25 billion in 2011. This had increased from £21 billion in 2010. Overall, internet sales growth averaged 15 per cent in 2011 and the sector represented around 10 per cent of total retail spending in the 2010-11 period. Other commentators have put this figure even higher, for example recent research conducted by the Centre for Retail Research suggested that online sales were worth £50.34 billion in 2011. This represents around 12 per cent of the UK retail trade based on their wider definition of retail activity (CRR, 2011). The research suggested that rapid growth in online sales is likely to continue. The majority of respondents (80 per cent) projected growth of between 10 and 40 per cent for 2012-13. Even higher growth was projected for 2013-14, with 21 per cent saying this would rise to 25 per cent or above and 14 per cent saying it would be 40 per cent or higher. The strength of e-commerce in the UK will inevitably be accompanied by increased criminal activity focused on exploiting these new channels. The purpose of this research is to quantify the cost and impact that these offences have on the retail sector. The challenge for all concerned is to respond effectively to this type of crime. Details: London: British Retail Consortium, 2012. 8p. Source: Internet Resource: Accessed October 8, 2012 at http://www.martinfrost.ws/htmlfiles/aug2012/counting-cost-ecrime.pdf Year: 2012 Country: United Kingdom URL: http://www.martinfrost.ws/htmlfiles/aug2012/counting-cost-ecrime.pdf Shelf Number: 126648 Keywords: Computer Crimes (U.K.)Costs of Crime (U.K.)Cybercrimes (U.K.)Internet Crime (U.K.) |