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Date: November 22, 2024 Fri
Time: 11:41 am
Time: 11:41 am
Results for crime reporting
5 results foundAuthor: Azfar, Omar Title: Police Corruption, Crime and Crime Reporting: A Simultaneous Equations Approach Summary: This study examines the causal relationship between police corruption, crime and crime reporting, using data from the International Crime Victimization Survey. Using a simultaneous equations approach the study found a number of intuitive relationships, which are statistically significant. The clearest of these is that crime reporting reduces police corruption. Details: Oslo: Norwegian Institute of International Affairs, 2008. 35p. Source: Internet Resource; NUPI Working Paper 743 Year: 2008 Country: United States URL: Shelf Number: 118574 Keywords: Crime ReportingPolice CorruptionPolice EthicsPolice Misconduct |
Author: Linkins, Karen Title: Congressional Report on the Feasibility of Establishing a Uniform National Database on Elder Abuse Summary: The limited research in the area of elder abuse suggests that the problem is widespread and largely unreported. In a 1988 study, 3.2 percent of older adults reported having experienced physical or verbal abuse or neglect. An estimated 5 million older people may be victimized by financial exploitation each year. There is evidence to suggest that the number of reported incidents has increased. Between 2000 and 2004, total reports of elder abuse and neglect to state Adult Protective Services (APS) agencies increased 19.7 percent, but it is not clear whether the increase in number of reports is due to a greater underlying incidence of elder abuse or an increase in public awareness of elder abuse as an issue that should be reported to authorities, or both. These reports to APS likely represent only a small fraction of total cases, as most abuse is never reported. Over the next several decades, the problem is elder abuse is expected to grow as the population of Americans age 65+ rapidly expands. The Tax Relief and Health Care Act of 2006 directed the Secretary of HHS to conduct a study, in consultation with the Attorney General, assessing current elder abuse data collection systems and examining the feasibility of establishing a uniform national elder abuse database to improve the quality and accessibility of data (Public Law 109-432). To develop the basis for its Report to Congress, ASPE contracted with the Lewin Group to conduct research in support of these efforts. This Report to Congress synthesizes the findings and discusses considerations and recommendations for a national elder abuse data collection effort. Specifically, the report addresses: Current reporting systems for elder abuse at the federal and state levels; Elder abuse definition and laws; Examples of data collection efforts in similar fields; and Considerations and recommendations for a national data collection effort. Details: Washington, DC: U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, 2010. 62p. Source: Internet Resource: Accessed March 25, 2012 at http://aspe.hhs.gov/daltcp/reports/2010/elderCR.pdf Year: 2010 Country: United States URL: http://aspe.hhs.gov/daltcp/reports/2010/elderCR.pdf Shelf Number: 124740 Keywords: Crime ReportingElder Abuse and NeglectLegislation |
Author: LaValle, Christina R. Title: Improving State Capacity for Crime Reporting: An Exploratory Analysis of Data Quality and Imputation Methods Using NIBRS Data Summary: Crime reporting in the United States originates from two major sources of data, the Uniform Crime Reports (UCR) and the National Incident-Based Reporting System (NIBRS). The incident-based reporting (IBR) structure of NIBRS is an enhancement to the traditional summary reporting of UCR used to track crime in the U.S. While the law enforcement community initiated IBR to address the expanding complexity of crime, reporting crime using NIBRS, like UCR, is voluntary and susceptible to issues of data quality, missing data, and noncompliance. Data collected using UCR and NIBRS are used for research and to document the status of crime at the national, state, and county levels. Data quality regarding accuracy and completeness are critical to reliable results and information. Further, reporting data "as is" without considering data quality and estimating for missing values may not be the most accurate depiction of the process and can result in criticism. As funding and resources lessen, coupled with the multitude of data fields involved with IBR, issues of data quality and missingness are areas of concern for analysts and researchers. In assessing data quality and handling missing data, appropriate and effective methods for resolving issues are necessary. Currently, elaborate methods established by the Federal Bureau of Investigation (FBI) are used to evaluate UCR data quality in terms of outlier detection (see Akiyama & Propheter, 2005). The FBI also imputes, or estimates, missing UCR data using methods that were developed in 1958 (Maltz, 1999). These methods are not timely, accurate, or easy for state programs to administer since they often use data from regions involving multiple states rather than the individual state. Moreover, methods have not yet been applied to aggregate crime count totals using NIBRS data and often reports using NIBRS data are criticized for being incomplete or non-representative. Details: Charleston, WV: West Virginia Division of Justice and Community Services, 2013. 37p. Source: Internet Resource: Accessed August 25, 2014 at: http://www.djcs.wv.gov/sac/documents/imputereport_rev4.pdf Year: 2013 Country: United States URL: http://www.djcs.wv.gov/sac/documents/imputereport_rev4.pdf Shelf Number: 129924 Keywords: Crime MeasurementCrime ReportingCrime Statistics (West Virginia)National Incident-Based Reporting SystemUniversity Crime Reports |
Author: LaValle, Christina R. Title: Testing the Validity of Demonstrated Imputation Methods on Longitudinal NIBRS Data Summary: The Uniform Crime Reporting (UCR) Program and the National Incident-Based Reporting System (NIBRS) are the two major sources of crime data in the United States. The UCR is a summary reporting system while NIBRS is an incident-based reporting system which was established to modernize crime reporting. The data collected by NIBRS is much more detailed. Given that law enforcement agencies across the nation voluntarily submit data to the Federal Bureau of Investigation (FBI) using either UCR or NIBRS, the presence of irregular reporting, missing data, and noncompliance are likely to compromise data quality. For many states, crime data collected using UCR or NIBRS are used to generate state and local crime reports and statistics. These data are most often reported "as is" and are thereby assumed correct. Since victimization data are typically not collected at the state or local levels to corroborate crime reports, there is an increased need for crime data to be as reliable as possible. Given the voluntary nature and inherent limitations of crime data collection systems, however, these data come with the caveat of being incomplete, or dubbed non-representative. Previous research on state incident-based reporting (IBR) data revealed issues with completeness, resulting from partial and non- reporting agencies, and accuracy, due to irregular reporting (LaValle, Haas, Turley, & Nolan, 2013). The previous work found that imputation, particularly alternative imputation methods developed by the West Virginia Statistical Analysis Center (WVSAC), can be used to reliably estimate for missing data. In conclusion of applying imputation methods to IBR data, the study also revealed that reporting data "as is" may not be the most accurate representation of IBR data. Additional studies have been conducted on national UCR data which found similar concerns with data quality, particularly issues related to missing data (see Maltz, Roberts, & Stasny, 2006; Targonski, 2011). Tools to detect and adjust for issues that are known to exist in crime data can improve data that are used as a basis for information and research. This research seeks to test and validate data quality techniques and imputation methods which will provide evidence that reliable and stable estimates of crime data can be attained with consistency over time. The study examines the performance of alternative imputation methods in comparison to FBI methods and provides a framework for the use of techniques on state-level IBR data. We apply and simultaneously test partial and non-reporting imputation methods using longitudinal data with the goal of improving the accuracy of state NIBRS data, especially when used for state and county trend analyses over time/ Details: Charleston, WV: West Virginia Division of Justice and Community Services, 2014. 30p. Source: Internet Resource: Accessed October 1, 2014 at: http://www.djcs.wv.gov/SAC/Documents/WV_Impute2ReportJan2014_Final.pdf Year: 2014 Country: United States URL: http://www.djcs.wv.gov/SAC/Documents/WV_Impute2ReportJan2014_Final.pdf Shelf Number: 133518 Keywords: Crime MeasurementCrime ReportingCrime Statistics (West Virginia)National Incident-Based Reporting SystemUniform Crime Reports |
Author: Jacome, Elisa Title: The Effect of Immigration Enforcement on Crime Reporting: Evidence from the Priority Enforcement Program Summary: Weak trust between immigrants and law enforcement may undermine law enforcement agencies' ability to keep communities safe. This paper documents that an immigrant's willingness to report crime is affected by immigration enforcement policies. I analyze the Priority Enforcement Program (PEP), which was launched by the Immigration and Customs Enforcement (ICE) agency in 2015. Under PEP, ICE focused enforcement efforts on immigrants convicted of serious crimes and shifted resources away from immigration-related offenses, thereby lowering the cost to immigrants of reporting crime to the police. I use incident-level data from the Dallas Police Department that include the name and ethnicity of all complainants to show that the number of incidents reported by Hispanic individuals increased by 10 percent after the launch of PEP. The results of this study suggest that reducing immigration enforcement of individuals who do not pose a threat to public safety can potentially be one way to enhance trust between immigrant communities and the police. Details: Princeton, NJ: Department of Economics; Princeton University, 2018. 38p. Source: Internet Resource: Accessed January 25, 2019 at: https://papers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?abstract_id=3263086 Year: 2018 Country: United States URL: https://papers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?abstract_id=3263086 Shelf Number: 154405 Keywords: Crime ReportingIllegal Immigrants Immigrants Immigration Immigration Enforcement Immigration Policy Media and Crime |