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Date: November 25, 2024 Mon
Time: 9:55 pm
Time: 9:55 pm
Results for criminality
4 results foundAuthor: Bjerk, David Title: How Much Can We Trust Causal Interpretations of Fixed-Effects Estimators in the Context of Criminality? Summary: Researchers are often interesting in estimating the causal effect of some treatment on individual criminality. For example, two recent relatively prominent papers have attempted to estimate the respective direct effects of marriage and gang participation on individual criminal activity. One difficulty to overcome is that the treatment is often largely the product of individual choice. This issue can cloud causal interpretations of correlations between the treatment and criminality since those choosing the treatment (e.g. marriage or gang membership) may have differed in their criminality from those who did not even in the absence of the treatment. To overcome this potential for selection bias, researchers have often used various forms of individual fixed-effects estimators. While such fixed-effects estimators may be an improvement on basic cross-sectional methods, they are still quite limited when it comes to uncovering a true causal effect of the treatment on individual criminality because they may fail to account for the possibility of dynamic selection. Using data from the NSLY97, this study shows that such dynamic selection can potentially be quite large when it comes to criminality, and may even be exacerbated when using more advanced fixed-effects methods such an Inverse Probabilitiy of Treatment Weighting. Therefore substantial care must be taken when it comes to interpreting the results arising from fixed-effects methods. Details: Ann Arbor, MI: National Poverty Center, 2009. 45p. Source: Internet Resource; National Poverty Center Working Paper Series; #09-14 Year: 2009 Country: United States URL: Shelf Number: 117773 Keywords: CriminalityResearch MethodsTreatment Programs |
Author: Bodenhorn, Howard Title: Short Criminals: Stature and Crime in Early America Summary: This paper considers the extent to which crime in early America was conditioned on height. With data on inmates incarcerated in Pennsylvania state penitentiaries between 1826 and 1876, we estimate the parameters of Wiebull proportional hazard specifications of the individual crime hazard. Our results reveal that, consistent with a theory in which height can be a source of labor market disadvantage, criminals in early America were shorter than the average American, and individual crime hazards decreased in height. Details: Cambridge, MA: National Bureau of Economic Research, 2010. Source: Internet Resource; NBER Working Paper 15945 (Accessed April, 2010 at http://www.nber.org/papers/w15945) 34p. Year: 2010 Country: United States URL: http://www.nber.org/papers/w15945) 34p. Shelf Number: 118565 Keywords: CrimeCriminalityCriminalsHistorical Studies |
Author: Yu, Sz-De Title: Criminal Minds Models: An Exploration of a Typology for Criminal Propensity Summary: A new theoretical framework was introduced to classify criminal propensity. The principal assumption is there is variation within criminal propensity. It means even though criminals all have criminal propensity, it does not mean they are all prone to commit crime to the same extent. This new model is called the CM Model in which criminal propensity is defined as criminal minds. There are eight CM models based on the level of the three major dimensions of criminal minds, including rationality, emotinality, and morality. A survey study was done to test this new model. The issues regarding the difference between digital piracy and stealing have also been addressed, using the CM models. In addition, the moral issue about digital piracy was examined as well. As a exploratory study, implications were suggested according to the preliminary findings. Details: Indiana, PA: Indiana University of Pennsylvania, 2010. 182p. Source: Internet Resource: Dissertation: Accessed August 5, 2011 at: http://dspace.lib.iup.edu:8080/dspace/bitstream/2069/235/1/Sz-De+Yu.pdf Year: 2010 Country: United States URL: http://dspace.lib.iup.edu:8080/dspace/bitstream/2069/235/1/Sz-De+Yu.pdf Shelf Number: 122300 Keywords: Criminal Behavior, Predition ofCriminal MindsCriminalityDigital PiracyStealingTheft |
Author: Allen, Scott Title: Leave No Marks: Enhanced Interrogation Techniques and the Risk of Criminality Summary: Following the enactment of the 2006 Military Commissions Act, PHR united the legal expertise of Human Rights First with PHR’s medical expertise to issue the report Leave No Marks in August 2007, demonstrating that ten "enhanced" interrogation methods purportedly used by the CIA amounted to war crimes. The report demonstrated that interrogation techniques are likely to cause severe or serious physical and mental harm to detainees, and that the authorization of these techniques, whether practiced alone or in combination, may constitute torture and/or cruel and inhuman treatment, and may place interrogators at serious legal risk of prosecution for war crimes and other violations. Details: Physicians for Human Rights, 2007. 57p. Source: Internet Resource: Accessed April 15, 2012 at https://s3.amazonaws.com/PHR_Reports/leave-no-marks.pdf Year: 2007 Country: International URL: https://s3.amazonaws.com/PHR_Reports/leave-no-marks.pdf Shelf Number: 124971 Keywords: CriminalityHuman RightsInterrogationTorture |