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Date: November 25, 2024 Mon
Time: 8:22 pm
Time: 8:22 pm
Results for drug laws
2 results foundAuthor: New York State Division of Criminal Justice Services Title: Felony Drug Court Activity Among Offenders Eligible Under 2009 Drug Law Changes 2008-2010 Summary: New York’s Rockefeller Drug Laws, enacted in 1973, mandated long prison sentences for many drug offenders. After several amendments to the original laws, in April 2009 the Legislature instituted significant changes. Mandatory prison sentences for some drug offenses were eliminated, and minimum sentence lengths were reduced for others. In October 2009, CPL Article 216 became effective, expanding judicial discretion to offer drug court alternatives to certain addicted nonviolent offenders without the approval of the district attorney. The Article also establshed a mechanism to request a judicial hearing on diversion to drug court. Article 216 is presented in Appendix A. To meet the anticipated increase in diversion cases, OCA established new felony drug courts in St. Lawrence, Dutchess, Madison, Nassau, Suffolk, and Westchester counties and expanded existing felony drug courts in New York City. The 2009 reform of New York’s drug laws included a requirement to study the impact of these changes (see Section 837, (4) (b-1) of the Executive Law). DCJS is coordinating this effort and working with other state agencies, including OCA, the Office of Alcoholism and Substance Abuse Services (OASAS), and the Department of Corrections and Community Services (DOCCS). DCJS is also working with New York City agencies, district attorneys’ offices and diversion programs to obtain additional data not available at the State level. This report focuses on the impact of the 2009 drug law changes on drug court screenings and admissions among offenders eligible for judicial diversion under CPL Article 216. Eligible offenses include felony level B, C, D, or E drug offenses and property offenses specified in Article 216. Details: New York: Division of Criminal Justice Services, 2011. 38p. Source: Internet Resource: Accessed on January 22, 2012 at http://criminaljustice.state.ny.us/drug-law-reform/documents/drug-court-activity-report.pdf Year: 2011 Country: United States URL: http://criminaljustice.state.ny.us/drug-law-reform/documents/drug-court-activity-report.pdf Shelf Number: 123719 Keywords: Drug Courts (New York)Drug LawsDrug OffendersPrison Sentences |
Author: Washington Office of Latin America Title: Women, Drug Policies, and Incarceration: A Guide for Policy Reform in Latin America and the Caribbean Summary: The use of prison as a response to drugs has had a disproportionate negative impact on women. In Argentina, Brazil, and Costa Rica, more than 60 percent of the female prison population is incarcerated for drug-related offenses. Many of them have low levels of education, live in poverty, and are the primary caregivers of dependent persons -children, young people, the elderly, and the disabled. Even though they bear the brunt of punitive policies, these women rarely pose a threat to society. Most are arrested for low-level yet high-risk tasks (small-scale drug distribution or transporting drugs); they become involved to overcome poverty, or at times due to coercion by a partner or relative. Their incarceration contributes little if anything to dismantling illegal drug markets or improving public security. To the contrary, prison tends to worsen the situation, further limiting their chances of finding decent and legal employment when released from prison, thus perpetuating a vicious cycle of poverty, involvement in drug markets, and incarceration. he incarceration of women-caregivers in particular-can have devastating consequences for their families and communities. In the absence of strong social protection networks, their dependents are exposed to situations of abandonment and marginality. Indeed, the women's incarceration may, paradoxically, increase the likelihood of persons in their care consuming drugs or becoming involved in illegal trafficking networks. This, in turn, increases the demand on governments to provide social services, an area that is often neglected. It is time to acknowledge that current drug policies have resulted in the excessive criminalization and incarceration of women. These policies must be reviewed in order to reduce the female prison population. Drug policies should be developed based on the fundamental legal principle that incarceration should only be used as a last resort. Fundamental drug law reforms are needed throughout the region, so that low-level offenses committed by women or men can be addressed by alternatives to incarceration and by ensuring that the penalties are proportional to the offenses committed. In addition, special attention should be given to the gender perspective in developing, implementing, and evaluating legislative and drug policy reforms. Criminal justice systems should be capable of taking attenuating circumstances into account, for example in the case of women who have dependents in their care, or pregnant women. In no case should women who are accused or convicted of non-violent drug crimes go to jail; instead alternatives to incarceration should be implemented. Indeed, alternatives to incarceration are less costly and less harmful responses, and more effective for addressing drug-related offenses. This guide for policymakers offers a road map of policy reforms based on a human rights and public health framework and from a gender perspective. It includes a set of guiding principles relevant for countries across the region and offers an array of concrete public policy recommendations covering seven specific categories:more inclusive drug policies; drug policy reforms; alternatives to incarceration; cultivation and drug processing; social inclusion programs; women who are pregnant or have dependents;and data collection and analysis. This guide is a tool for those interested in developing and implementing more humane and effective drug policies. Details: Washington, DC: WOLA, 2016. 50p. Source: Internet Resource: Accessed April 28, 2017 at: https://www.wola.org/sites/default/files/WOLA%20WOMEN%20FINAL%20ver%2025%2002%201016.pdf Year: 2016 Country: Latin America URL: https://www.wola.org/sites/default/files/WOLA%20WOMEN%20FINAL%20ver%2025%2002%201016.pdf Shelf Number: 146176 Keywords: Drug LawsDrug Offenders Drug Policy Drug Policy Reform Female Offenders Illegal Drugs Women Offenders |