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Date: November 22, 2024 Fri
Time: 11:36 am
Time: 11:36 am
Results for drug trafficking (colombia)
8 results foundAuthor: Poveda, Alexander Cotte Title: Poverty, Armed Conflict and Human Rights: An Analysis of the Objective Causes of Violence in Colombia Summary: This work analyses the influence of economic variables, poverty and armed conflict on violence in Colombia. For this purpose, a time series method is used to analyse economic and social data through which different long-term coefficients are estimated in order to determine the effects of these variables on violence in Colombia from 1950 to 2006. Socioeconomic characteristics, poverty and variables associated with armed conflict affect the dynamics of violence, and moreover, there are various political variables that have a notable influence upon the determinants of violence in Colombia. More precisely, variables associated with a lack of state presence in some regions and educational aspects are determinant factors that influence the incidence of violence in the country. Details: Bogota, Colombia: Universidad de la Salle, Investigation Group on Violence, Institutions and Economic Development, 2010. 50p. Source: Internet Resource Year: 2010 Country: Colombia URL: Shelf Number: 118567 Keywords: Drug Trafficking (Colombia)Homicide (Colombia)PovertyViolence (Colombia) |
Author: Mejia, Alberto Title: Colombia's National Security Strategy, A New 'Coin' Approach Summary: This study analyzes the impact of the Government of Colombia's new National Security Strategy over the Revolutionary Armed Forces of Colombia (FARC) long term strategic plans. For more than five decades Colombia has suffered the terrible spiral of violence. A broad mix of criminal actors representing the far left or right of the political spectrum, supported by narcotics trafficking, have endangered the country's process of democratic consolidation. This terrible path brought death, economic depravition and social unrest. During this time, political parties ranging from socialist liberals to conservatives tried to achieve peace and stability. However, none of them managed to reach a successful solution to these problems, because of their lack of strategic leadership to bring the country out of failure. Details: Carlisle Barracks, PA: U.S. Army War College, 2008. 36p. Source: Internet Resource; Strategy Research Project Year: 2008 Country: Colombia URL: Shelf Number: 118779 Keywords: Drug Enforcement (Colombia)Drug Trafficking (Colombia)Plan ColombiaViolent Crime (Colombia) |
Author: Gordon, Gretchen Title: Truth Behind Bars: Colombian Paramilitary leaders in U.S. Custody Summary: Colombian drug lords extradited to the United States must be held accountable for their role in the mass atrocities that have devastated their country. This report calls on the U.S. government to give Colombian authorities access to these extradited drug lords for their own criminal investigations. By supporting Colombia’s human rights probes, the U.S. may help bring an end to that country’s cycle of violence. Details: Berkeley, CA: International Human Rights Law Clinic, 2010. 28p. Source: Internet Resource Year: 2010 Country: Colombia URL: Shelf Number: 119535 Keywords: Drug Trafficking (Colombia)Human RightsViolence |
Author: Title: War and Drugs in Colombia Summary: Drugs finance the left-wing insurgent Revolutionary Armed Forces of Colombia (FARC) and the far-right United Self-Defence Forces of Colombia (AUC) to a large degree, and thus are an integral part of Colombia's conflict. But while the state must confront drug trafficking forcefully, President Alvaro Uribe's claim that the conflict pits a democracy against merely "narco-terrorists" who must be met by all-out war does not do justice to the complexity of the decades-old struggle. Fighting drugs and drug trafficking is a necessary but not sufficient condition for moving Colombia toward peace. The view that anti-drug and anti-insurgency policies are indistinguishable reduces the chances either will succeed and hinders the search for a sustainable peace. More crops have been sprayed under President Uribe than ever before in Colombia, effectively reducing coca cultivation from more than 100,000 hectares in late 2002 to some 86,000 hectares at the end of 2003. Hundreds of small basic coca processing facilities as well as more sophisticated cocaine laboratories have been destroyed by the police and army. However, cocaine street prices in the U.S. have not increased and consumption remains high despite a 17 per cent increase in cocaine seizures in Europe and a substantial increase in cocaine consumption in new markets like Brazil. Aerial spraying is not likely to keep pace with the geographic mobility and increasing productivity of illicit crops. The interdiction of drug and chemical precursor shipments is very difficult, not least because of the porosity of Colombia's borders, and alternative development programs have been insufficient. The finances of the armed groups do not appear to have been hit hard, and everything indicates that they can keep the war going for years. While fighting drugs is clearly crucial, peace must remain Colombia's policy priority. The paramilitary AUC evolved from serving the drug barons of the 1980s and early 1990s as hired guns into a national federation of war lords in charge of an ever larger chunk of the drug business. Fighting the rebel National Liberation Army (ELN) and FARC in part linked with state agents, the AUC committed atrocious crimes against civilians they stigmatised as guerrilla supporters. At the beginning of 2005 and after eighteen months of negotiations, the Uribe administration has demobilised some 3,000 paramilitary fighters, including the notorious AUC chief Salavtore Mancuso, who is wanted, along with a number of other paramilitary leaders, in the U.S. on drug trafficking charges. Nevertheless, the paramilitary drug networks appear to remain in place, with the bulk of their illegal assets, particularly in rural Colombia, unaffected. The government has failed to establish promising peace talks with the ELN, the insurgent group with the most tenuous drug links. Nor has it significantly weakened the FARC -- whose ties to drugs are deep -- despite much intensified security efforts and a major military offensive (Plan Patriota) begun in 2003. The FARC retains a strong presence in most coca and poppy growing regions and participates actively, along with the AUC and the new generation of "baby drug cartels", in the narcotics business. Details: Brussels: International Crisis Group, 2005. 44p. Source: Internet Resource: Latin American Report No. 11: Accessed July 21, 2011 at: http://www.crisisgroup.org/~/media/Files/latin-america/colombia/11_war_and_drugs_in_colombia.pdf Year: 2005 Country: Colombia URL: http://www.crisisgroup.org/~/media/Files/latin-america/colombia/11_war_and_drugs_in_colombia.pdf Shelf Number: 107689 Keywords: Drug CartelsDrug Trafficking (Colombia) |
Author: Duncan, Gustavo Title: Crime and Power: The Filter of Social Order Summary: In this paper I advance an explanation of the social origins of cocaine trafficking in Colombia in which two thresholds are distinguish. The first threshold occurs when the knowledge and the willingness for a specific criminal activity reproduce faster than the enforcement capacity of the authorities, and the second one, at a more advanced stage of diffusion of crime in society, when the state is forced to consider the political demands of criminal organizations. This explanation aims to explore an aspect of crime that is usually neglected by the specialized literature: the role of crime in the political structure and eventually in the process of state making. My argument here is that in order to acquire political power crime has to experience a process of diffusion into the social order to the extent of redefining the relationships, the values, and the hierarchies of a large part of the society. Details: APSA 2010 Annual Meeting Paper, 2010. 36p. Source: Internet Resource: Accessed May 3, 2012 at: http://papers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?abstract_id=1644540 Year: 2010 Country: Colombia URL: http://papers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?abstract_id=1644540 Shelf Number: 125143 Keywords: CocaineDrug Trafficking (Colombia)Organized Crime |
Author: Mejia, Daniel Title: The War on Illegal Drug Production and Trafficking: An Economic Evaluation of Plan Colombia Summary: This paper provides a thorough economic evaluation of the anti-drug policies implemented in Colombia between 2000 and 2006 under the so-called Plan Colombia. The paper develops a game theory model of the war against illegal drugs in producer countries. We explicitly model illegal drug markets, which allows us to account for the feedback effects between policies and market outcomes that are potentially important when evaluating large scale policy interventions such as Plan Colombia. We use available data for the war on cocaine production and trafficking as well as outcomes from the cocaine markets to calibrate the parameters of the model. Using the results from the calibration we estimate important measures of the costs, effectiveness, and efficiency of the war on drugs in Colombia. Finally we carry out simulations in order to assess the impact of increases in the U.S. budget allocated to Plan Colombia, and find that a three-fold increase in the U.S. budget allocated to the war on drugs in Colombia would decrease the amount of cocaine that successfully reaches consumer countries by about 17%. Details: Brighton, UK: Households in Conflict Network, The Institute of Development Studies at the University of Sussex, 2008. 57p. Source: HiCN Working Paper 53: Internet Resource: Accessed August 28, 2012 at http://www.hicn.org/wordpress/wp-content/uploads/2012/06/wp53.pdf Year: 2008 Country: Colombia URL: http://www.hicn.org/wordpress/wp-content/uploads/2012/06/wp53.pdf Shelf Number: 126125 Keywords: Armed Conflict (Colombia)Cocaine (Colombia)Costs of CrimeDrug Trafficking (Colombia)Drugs and Crime (Colombia)Evaluative StudiesWar on Drugs (Colombia) |
Author: Micolta, Patricia Title: Illicit Interest Groups: The Political Impact of The Medellin Drug Trafficking Organizations in Colombia Summary: Although drug trafficking organizations (DTOs) exist and have an effect on health, crime, economies, and politics, little research has explored these entities as political organizations. Legal interest groups and movements have been found to influence domestic and international politics because they operate within legal parameters. Illicit groups, such as DTOs, have rarely been accounted for—especially in the literature on interest groups—though they play a measurable role in affecting domestic and international politics in similar ways. Using an interest group model, this dissertation analyzed DTOs as illicit interest groups (IIGs) to explain their political influence. The analysis included a study of group formation, development, and demise that examined IIG motivation, organization, and policy impact. The data for the study drew from primary and secondary sources, which include interviews with former DTO members and government officials, government documents, journalistic accounts, memoirs, and academic research. To illustrate the interest group model, the study examined Medellin-based DTO leaders, popularly known as the "Medellin Cartel." In particular, the study focused on the external factors that gave rise to DTOs in Colombia and how Medellin DTOs reacted to the implementation of counternarcotics efforts. The discussion was framed by the implementation of the 1979 Extradition Treaty negotiated between Colombia and the United States. The treaty was significant because as drug trafficking became the principal bilateral issue in the 1980s; extradition became a major method of combating the illicit drug business. The study's findings suggested that Medellin DTO leaders had a one-issue agenda and used a variety of political strategies to influence public opinion and all three branches of government—the judicial, the legislative, and the executive—in an effort to invalidate the 1979 Extradition Treaty. The changes in the life cycle of the 1979 Extradition Treaty correlated with changes in the political power of Medellin-based DTOs vis-à-vis the Colombian government, and international forces such as the U.S. government's push for tougher counternarcotics efforts. Details: Miami, FL: Florida International University, 2012. 290p. Source: Internet Resource: Dissertation: Accessed October 25, 2012 at: http://digitalcommons.fiu.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=1732&context=etd Year: 2012 Country: Colombia URL: http://digitalcommons.fiu.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=1732&context=etd Shelf Number: 126806 Keywords: Drug ControlDrug Trafficking (Colombia)Medellin CartelNarcotics ControlOrganized Crime |
Author: Meza, Ricardo Vargas Title: Drugs and the Peace Process in Colombia Summary: It is significant that the drug issue has been included in the agenda of Colombia’s peace process. The illegal drug economy cuts across the country’s internal conflict to a greater or lesser degree. One of the reasons why the lives of most of Colombia’s rural population have deteriorated is resistance to land reform, underpinned in part by drug-trafficking interests. A rural policy to tackle this situation is key to solving the problem of illegal drugs in Colombia. This policy brief offers a brief analysis of the drug question within the framework of the peace talks, together with recommendations and proposals. Details: Oslo: NOREF (Norwegian Peacebuilding Resource Centre), 2012. 4p. Source: NOREF Policy Brief: Internet Resource: Accessed January 13, 2013 at http://www.peacebuilding.no/var/ezflow_site/storage/original/application/46cbe4d4cf4550886744d45fbaa97c27.pdf Year: 2012 Country: Colombia URL: http://www.peacebuilding.no/var/ezflow_site/storage/original/application/46cbe4d4cf4550886744d45fbaa97c27.pdf Shelf Number: 127276 Keywords: Drug Trafficking (Colombia)Illicit Drugs (Colombia)Peace Operations (Colombia) |