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Date: April 20, 2024 Sat
Time: 8:48 am
Time: 8:48 am
Results for health
6 results foundAuthor: Jan-Khan, Manaware Title: Equality Impact Assessment of Improving Health, Supporting Justice Summary: This report was produced in response to the need to develop a new strategic delivery plan for health and criminal justice, incorporating the recommendations from the previous report, "Improving Health, Supporting Justice: A National Delivery Plan." The delivery plan examines how services can work to ensure that offenders receive appropriate, sensitive and effective care throughout their transitions and during the criminal justice pathway. Details: London: UK Department of Health, 2009 Source: October 2009, Gateway Reference 12632 Year: 2009 Country: United Kingdom URL: Shelf Number: 117373 Keywords: Criminal Justice PolicyHealth |
Author: Hartwig, Christina Title: Report on Tobacco Smoking in Prison Summary: Ths use of tobacco displays a great burden of disease, with 4.9 million tobacco-attributed deaths worldwide each year. To tackle the tobacco epidemic and the associated health problems, the European Cmomission, the Member States and the World Health Organization have been running campaigns against tobacco for many years. This report presents the results of an inquiry on smoking bans in European prisons and reveals that 22 (79%) out of 28 respondents (EU-Member States plus Switzerland and Monaco) have introduced smoking bans in all of their prisons. The report ends with recommendations on tobacco control policies in prisons, on implementation of smoke-free environments, on smoking prevention and quitting support, as well as priority research. Details: Brussels, Belgium: European Commission, Directorate General for Health and Consumers, 2008. 36p. Source: Final Report Work Package 7 Year: 2008 Country: Europe URL: Shelf Number: 113900 Keywords: HealthPrisonsSmokingTobacco |
Author: Carson, Scott Alan Title: African-American and White Inequality the American South: Evidence from the 19th Century Missouri State Prison Summary: The use of height data to measure living standards is now a well-established method in economic history. Moreover, a number of core findings in the literature are widely agreed upon. There are still some populations, places, and times, however, for which anthropometric evidence remains thin. One example is 19th century African-Americans in US border states. This paper introduces a new data set from the Missouri state prison to track black and white male heights from 1829 to 1913. Where modern blacks and whites come to comparable terminal statures when brought to maturity under optimal conditions, whites were persistently taller than blacks in this Missouri prison sample. Over time, black and white adult statures remained approximately constant throughout the 19th century, while black youth stature increased considerably during the antebellum period and decreased during Reconstruction. Details: Munich, Germany: CESifo Group, 2007. 33p. Source: Internet Resource: CESifo Working Paper No. 1954: Accessed October 14, 2010 at: http://www.ifo.de/pls/guestci/download/CESifo%20Working%20Papers%202009/CESifo%20Working%20Papers%20December%202009/cesifo1_wp2876.pdf Year: 2007 Country: United States URL: http://www.ifo.de/pls/guestci/download/CESifo%20Working%20Papers%202009/CESifo%20Working%20Papers%20December%202009/cesifo1_wp2876.pdf Shelf Number: 119957 Keywords: HealthHistorical StudiesInmatesPrisonersSocioeconomic Status |
Author: Inter-American Commission on Human Rights Title: Access to Justice for Women Victims of Sexual Violence: Education and Health Summary: The Inter-American Commission on Human Rights presented today the report Access to Justice for Women Victims of Sexual Violence: Education and Health. The report analyzes the problem of sexual violence in the educational and health institutions in the Americas and the challenges in access to justice for victims of this violence. As established in the Inter-American Convention on the Prevention, Punishment and Eradication of Violence against Women, or “Convention of Belém do Pará”, the States have the responsibility of acting to fight discrimination and violence against women in all spheres. Notwithstanding, the IACHR report indicates that sexual violence persists against women and girls in the spheres of education and health. The report also found under-reporting of the phenomenon and impunity in the majority of the cases. The report further indicates this type of violence is tolerated by the society given the framework of very hierarchical gender relations. The report identifies girls, indigenous women, women with disabilities and women affected by armed conflict as groups at particular risk to human rights violations. In the case of education, sexual violence tends to be regarded as the natural order of things and as part of discipline and punishment. In the sphere of health, the problem of sexual violence committed by physicians and health-care professionals is virtually invisible. This is due to insufficient norms, procedures for filing complaints and disciplinary investigation in hospitals and health care centers. It is also attributable to inadequate statistics as well as to the meager information available on the rights of patients. The IACHR emphatically reasserts its profound concern over the fact that sexual violence committed against women and girls in educational and health-care institutions still enjoys social acceptance and that the vast majority of these acts are never punished. Even today, this kind of violence in these settings prevents many women and girls across the Americas from fully exercising their rights to education and health. In order to comply with their international human rights obligations, the States must adapt their legislation, public policies and practices and substantially improve their protection systems and the access to justice for victims of this phenomenon. The IACHR reminds the States their obligation to adopt measures in order to make compatible their norms and practices with the American Declaration, the Inter-American Convention, and other international instruments for the protection of human rights, and to comply with the Convention of Belém do Pará, which establishes the obligation for the States to protect women from violence in all its forms and in all spheres, in order to ensure that they can freely exercise their civil, political, economic, social, and cultural rights. The report contains urgent recommendations that seek to address sexual violence as an extreme form of discrimination and to ensure the basic guarantee of access to justice. The recommendations aim to improve the judicial response to acts of violence committed against women in educational institutions and health-care institutions. The Commission urges the States to overcome lingering cultural and legal obstacles to prevent and – failing that – to investigate and punish acts of sexual violence committed against women and girls in these settings. In addition, the IACHR calls on the States to create the conditions that enable women to use the justice systems to remedy the acts of violence they suffer and to be treated respectfully and decently by public officials. The Commission also calls upon the States to adopt public policies intended to put a stop to cultural patterns that regard sexual violence as the norm or that trivialize it. Details: Washington, DC: Organization of American States, 2011. 71p. Source: Internet Resource: Accessed September 23, 2012 at http://www.oas.org/en/iachr/women/docs/pdf/SEXUALVIOLENCEEducHealth.pdf Year: 2011 Country: United States URL: http://www.oas.org/en/iachr/women/docs/pdf/SEXUALVIOLENCEEducHealth.pdf Shelf Number: 126408 Keywords: Abused WomenAdministration of JusticeEducationHealthSexual Abuse VictimsSexual ViolenceViolence Against Women |
Author: Prison Voice Washington Title: Correcting Food Policy in Washington Prisons: How the DOC Makes Healthy Food Choices Impossible for Incarcerated People & What Can Be Done Summary: KEY POINTS The food served and sold to the 18,000 people incarcerated in Washington state prisons is now unhealthier than it has ever been. It also violates Executive Order 13-06 and the DOH Healthy Nutrition Guidelines, which apply to all state agencies and institutions. When the Department of Corrections turned over responsibility for food services to Correctional Industries (CI), the DOC's business arm, it substituted 95% industrialized, plastic-wrapped, sugar-filled "food products" for locally prepared healthy food. This has turned Washington prisons into state-sponsored food deserts, with drastic reductions in fresh produce, lean protein, and whole grains in the diet of incarcerated people. This unhealthy diet encourages disadvantaged populations to eat poorly, disproportionately impacts the health of people of color, and leads to increased healthcare expenditures on preventable diseases such as diabetes, hypertension, and heart disease. The CI system of producing highly processed, packaged food in Spokane and continually trucking it to prisons across the state is expensive and harmful to the environment. Recommendations Responsibility for prison menu planning must be taken away from CI, allowing a return to the healthier and cheaper alternative of cooking fresh, nutritious, locally grown food from scratch at each institution. Expert dietitians, not CI, must oversee the selection of food products for prison commissaries and quarterly packages. The Governor should empower DOH to evaluate and monitor DOC’s compliance with the Healthy Nutrition Guidelines, not only administratively or by survey, but by careful attention to what is actually served. The topics covered in this report are limited to the scope of Executive Order 13-06 and DOH's Healthy Nutrition Guidelines. DOH is receptive to suggestions for improvement and plans to update its Healthy Nutrition Guidelines in 2017, but additional orders from the Governor may be necessary to bring DOC's food system up to the standards of Washington’s local farm and food model. Details: Mountlake Terrace, WA: Prison Voice Washington, 2016. 55p. Source: Internet Resource: Accessed March 0, 2017 at: https://static.prisonpolicy.org/scans/Correcting%20Food%20Policy%20in%20WA%20Prisons_Prison%20Voice%20WA.pdf Year: 2016 Country: United States URL: https://static.prisonpolicy.org/scans/Correcting%20Food%20Policy%20in%20WA%20Prisons_Prison%20Voice%20WA.pdf Shelf Number: 144434 Keywords: HealthNutrition Programs Prisoner Health Prisons |
Author: Olofsson, Niclas Title: Violence through the life cycle: A public health problem Summary: Background: Violence has probably always been part of the human experience. Its impact can be seen, in various forms, in all parts of the world. In 1996, WHO:s Forty-Ninth World Health Assembly adopted a resolution , declaring violence a major and growing public health problem around the world. Public health work centers around health promotion and disease prevention activities in the population and public health is an expression of the health status of the population taking into account both the level and the distribution of health. Exposure to violence can have many aspects, differing throughout the life course — deprivation of autonomy, financial exploitation, psychological and physical neglect or abuse — but all types share common characteristics: the use of destructive force to control others by depriving them of safety, freedom, health and, in too many instances, life; the epidemic proportions of the problem, particularly among vulnerable groups; a devastating impact on individuals, families, neighborhoods, communities, and society. Methods: Three different data sources were used in the four articles, three cross-sectional studies (“Life and Health in Norrland” and “Health on Equal Terms 2004 and 2006”) and one longitudinal (“Level-of-Living Survey”). Results: We present an important picture of the strong association between exposure to violence and ill health through the life cycle. A population-based study showed an increased risk of poorer physical and psychological health among boys and girls aged 0-18, as reported by their mothers exposed to violence. Further, a strong association between those exposed to violence and physical and mental ill health was demonstrated in young adults aged 18-25, also after adjusting for possible confounders, specifically for women. Even in an elder group aged 65-84, representative results showed an extensive negative health outcome panorama caused by fear of crime and exposure to abuse both in elderly men and women. Lastly, in trying to provide additional empirical support for the association between exposure to violence and ill health the prospective study demonstrated that violence exposure in adolescence and young adulthood presented a negative association to severe illness burden in adulthood for women but not men. Conclusion: Exposure to violence among both men and women is an important risk factor for ill health and should receive greater attention in public health work. A strong association between violence and various health outcomes was demonstrated in different time periods through the life cycle. Details: Linköping: Linköping University Electronic Press, 2012. 94p. Source: Internet Resource: Linköping University Medical Dissertations No. 1307: Dissertation: Accessed March 24, 2017 at: http://liu.diva-portal.org/smash/get/diva2:524716/FULLTEXT01.pdf Year: 2012 Country: Sweden URL: http://liu.diva-portal.org/smash/get/diva2:524716/FULLTEXT01.pdf Shelf Number: 144572 Keywords: HealthPublic Health Violence Violence Exposure |