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Date: April 29, 2024 Mon
Time: 11:51 pm
Time: 11:51 pm
Results for lighting
5 results foundAuthor: Welsh, Brandon P. Title: Effects of Improved Street Lighting on Crime Summary: Improved street lighting serves many functions and is used in both public and private settings. The prevention of personal and property crime is one of its objectives in public space, which is the main focus of this review. There are two main theories of why improved street lighting may cause a reduction in crime. The first suggests that improved lighting leads to increased surveillance of potential offenders (both by improving visibility and by increasing the number of people on the street) and hence to increased deterrence of potential offenders. The second suggests that improved lighting signals community investment in the area and that the area is improving, leading to increased community pride, community cohesiveness, and informal social control. The first theory predicts decreases in crime especially during the hours of darkness, while the second theory predicts decreases in crime during both daytime and nighttime. Results of this review indicate that improved street lighting significantly reduces crime. This lends support for the continued use of improved street lighting to prevent crime in public space. The review also found that nighttime crimes did not decrease more than daytime crimes. This suggests that a theory of street lighting focusing on its role in increasing community pride and informal social control may be more plausible than a theory focusing on increased surveillance and increased deterrence. Future research should be designed to test the main theories of the effects of improved street lighting more explicitly, and future light. Details: Oslo: Campbell Collaboration, 2008. 54p. Source: Internet Resource: Campbell Systematic Review, 2008:13: Accessed September 8, 2010 at: http://campbellcollaboration.org/lib/download/233/ Year: 2008 Country: International URL: http://campbellcollaboration.org/lib/download/233/ Shelf Number: 119765 Keywords: Crime PreventionLightingOffenses Against the EnvironmentProperty CrimeSituational Crime PreventionStreet CrimeThird Party PolicingWildlife Crime |
Author: Unver, Ahmet Title: People's Experience of Urban Lighting in Public Space Summary: This thesis aims to create new perspectives in urban lighting design by discovering people’s preferences in urban lighting through an exploratory research on people’s perceptive experience of urban space at night. In this study, I aim to analyze the common approaches and methods of urban lighting design and make their critique through my research results. Primary research objectives include the evaluation of what people perceive from the urban lighting design and how they feel about the design outcomes. In order to explore people’s experience of lit urban space at night, my research comprises a survey that aims to discover people’s opinions on certain lit urban scenes collected from the city of Ankara. Urban lighting design is a discipline that emerged to improve the aesthetic quality of urban space. It has significant effects on people and consequently on urban life. However, in this discipline, exploration of people’s needs and preference is a neglected phenomenon. Therefore, this study suggests that it is necessary to review the designercentered perspective on urban lighting design and question whether existing approach to this discipline has preferable outcomes for people. Through this desearch I aim to test whether it is appropriate to pursue and carry out the existing type of lighting design, and propose new perspectives to urban lighting. Details: Ankara, Turkey: Middle East Technical University, Graduate School of Natural and Applied Sciences, 2009. 199p. Source: Internet Resource: www.ahmetunver.net/gths/ahmet_unver_master_thesis.pdf Year: 2009 Country: Turkey URL: Shelf Number: 119783 Keywords: Crime PreventionFear of CrimeLightingUrban Design |
Author: Martin, Misty M.J. Title: Lighting and Landscaping Cues Contributing to Residential Burglary Rates: A Case Study of Selected Gainesville Housing Authority Developments Summary: The objective of the present study is to explore residential burglaries, and the contributions of lighting and landscaping cues relative to their occurrences. We employed Geographic Information Systems (GIS) to locate low-income housing developments in Gainesville, Florida (managed by the Gainesville Housing Authority) and map the occurrences of residential burglaries. Throughout the analysis of the burglary occurrences, we focused on the basic placebased crime prevention techniques, examining the possibility of successfully promoting or discouraging criminal acts of residential burglary with lighting and landscaping elements. We hypothesized that lighting and landscape maintenance directly affected the reported occurrences of residential burglaries within our select GHA developments. We identified select reported incidences in Pine Meadows, Woodland Park, and Caroline Manor, three of the Gainesville Housing Authority (GHA) developments, and conducted landscaping and lighting surveys within proximity of the point of entry for each victimized unit to determine if landscaping or lighting environmental cues played any role within the reported incidence and predator’s target selection. We found that lighting levels in our study developments to be minimal at the points of entry and landscaping often to be overgrown, contributing to opportunities of cover for potential offenders. The results of our analysis suggest that lighting and landscaping play a role in the amount of surveillability, which plays a role in decreased residential burglary opportunities. Through our research, we were unable to infer a direct relationship between lighting and landscaping cues and the occurrences of residential burglaries. Nevertheless, our studies suggest that the residential burglary occurrences were more than random criminal acts. Details: Tallahassee, FL: University of Florida, 2009. 177p. Source: Internet Resource: Thesis: Accessed September 18, 2012 at: http://purl.fcla.edu/fcla/etd/UFE0041267 Year: 2009 Country: United States URL: http://purl.fcla.edu/fcla/etd/UFE0041267 Shelf Number: 126365 Keywords: HousingLandscapingLightingResidential Burglary (Florida) |
Author: Australian Institute of Criminology Title: Improving lighting to prevent non-domestic violence related assault. Handbook for local government Summary: This handbook forms part of a series of guides to help local governments in New South Wales implement evidence-based crime prevention strategies funded by the Department of Justice (DJ) Crime Prevention Programs (CPP). This handbook has been developed to help guide you through the various stages of planning, implementing and evaluating an improved lighting strategy to reduce non-domestic violence related assault (NDVRA) in your local government area. Using the handbook The handbook provides an overview of the key steps that are involved in delivering an improved lighting strategy to reduce NDVRA. These steps are classified under the following three stages: Stage 1: Planning Stage 2: Implementation; and Stage 3: Review. These steps do not necessarily need to be undertaken in order. You may undertake some steps concurrently, or you may need to go back and revisit earlier steps. However, it is vital that some steps be undertaken early on in the project, such as consulting stakeholders and planning for evaluation. The successful implementation of a strategy to prevent NDVRA will often be heavily influenced by the characteristics of the local community. This needs to be considered throughout the project. Details: Canberra: AIC, 2016. 35p. Source: Internet Resource: Accessed December 6, 2016 at: http://www.crimeprevention.nsw.gov.au/Documents/Councils-Handbooks/assault_lighting_handbook.pdf Year: 2016 Country: Australia URL: http://www.crimeprevention.nsw.gov.au/Documents/Councils-Handbooks/assault_lighting_handbook.pdf Shelf Number: 140314 Keywords: AssaultsCrime PreventionEvidence-Based ProgramsLightingSituational Crime PreventionViolenceViolent Crime |
Author: Arvate, Paulo Title: Lighting and Violent Crime: Evaluating the effect of an electrification policy in rural Brazil on violent crime reduction Summary: This paper estimates the effect of lighting on violent crime reduction. We explore an electrification program (LUZ PARA TODOS or Light for All - LPT) adopted by the federal government to expand electrification to rural areas in all Brazilian municipalities in the 2000s as an exogenous source of variation in electrification expansion. Our instrumental variable results show a reduction in homicide rates (approximately five homicides per 100,000 inhabitants) on rural roads/urban streets when a municipality moved from no access to full coverage of electricity between 2000 and 2010. These findings are even more significant in the northern and northeastern regions of Brazil, where rates of electrification are lower than those of the rest of the country and, thus, where the program is concentrated. In the north (northeast), the number of violent deaths on the streets per 100,000 inhabitants decreased by 48.12 (13.43). This moved a municipality at the 99th percentile (75th) to the median (zero) of the crime distribution of municipalities. Finally, we do not find effects on violent deaths in households and at other locations. Because we use an IV strategy by exploring the LPT program eligibility criteria, we can interpret the results as the estimated impact of the program on those experiencing an increase in electricity coverage due to their program eligibility. Thus, the results represent local average treatment effects of lighting on homicides. Details: Sao Paulo: Sao Paulo School of Economics, 2016. 25p. Source: Internet Resource: Working Paper no. 408: Accessed April 29, 2017 at: http://bibliotecadigital.fgv.br/dspace/bitstream/handle/10438/15094/TD%20408%20-%20CMICRO33.pdf?sequence=1 Year: 2016 Country: Brazil URL: http://bibliotecadigital.fgv.br/dspace/bitstream/handle/10438/15094/TD%20408%20-%20CMICRO33.pdf?sequence=1 Shelf Number: 145196 Keywords: Crime PreventionHomicidesLightingMurdersViolent Crime |