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Date: November 22, 2024 Fri
Time: 11:57 am
Time: 11:57 am
Results for migration (u.s.)
3 results foundAuthor: Hussey, Andrew Title: Crime Spillovers and Hurricane Katrina Summary: Using a di erences-in-di erences approach, we estimate the e ects of migration due to Hurricane Katrina on crime rates across the United States between 2003 and 2007. To account for possible endogeneity between the socio-economic characteristics of a host city and evacuees, we instrument the number of evacuees going to a certain metropolitan area by its distance to New Orleans, LA. Our results suggest that im- migration of Katrina evacuees led to a more than 13 percent increase in murder and non-negligent manslaughter, an almost 3 percent increase in robbery, and a 4.1 per- cent increase in motor vehicle theft. We also examine Houston, TX, home to a large number of comparatively more disadvantaged evacuees, and nd dramatic increases in murder (27 percent) and aggravated assault (28 percent) coupled with increases in illegal possession of weapons (32 percent) and arson (41 percent) in areas lived by evacuees. While these estimated e ects are substantial, we are unable to determine whether the crimes were committed by evacuees, or were triggered by their presence. Details: Memphis, TN: University of Memphis, Department of Economics, 2011. 43p. Source: Internet Resource: Accessed October 3, 2011 at: http://umdrive.memphis.edu/ajhussey/www/Katrina_5_28.pdf Year: 2011 Country: United States URL: http://umdrive.memphis.edu/ajhussey/www/Katrina_5_28.pdf Shelf Number: 122970 Keywords: Crime DisplacementCrime PatternsGeographic StudiesHurricane KatrinaMigration (U.S.)Natural Disasters |
Author: Moehling, Carolyn Title: Immigration and Crime in Early 20th Century America Summary: Research on crime in the late 20th century has consistently shown that immigrants have lower rates of involvement in criminal activity than natives. We find that a century ago immigrants may have been slightly more likely than natives to be involved in crime. In 1904 prison commitment rates for more serious crimes were quite similar by nativity for all ages except ages 18 and 19 when the commitment rate for immigrants was higher than for the native born. By 1930, immigrants were less likely than natives to be committed to prisons at all ages 20 and older. But this advantage disappears when one looks at commitments for violent offenses. Aggregation bias and the absence of accurate population data meant that analysts at the time missed these important features of the immigrant-native incarceration comparison. The relative decline of the criminality of the foreign born reflected a growing gap between natives and immigrants at older ages, one that was driven by sharp increases in the commitment rates of the native born, while commitment rates for the foreign born were remarkably stable. Details: Cambridge, MA: National Bureau of Economic Research, 2007. 50p. Source: Internet Resource: NBER Working Paper Series; Working Paper 13576: Accessed July 16, 2012 at: http://www.nber.org/papers/w13576.pdf Year: 2007 Country: United States URL: http://www.nber.org/papers/w13576.pdf Shelf Number: 110195 Keywords: Historical StudiesImmigrants and CrimeMigration (U.S.) |
Author: Treyger, Elina Title: Migration and Violent Crime: Lessons from the Russian Experience Summary: The relationship between migration, both internal and international, and crime is not a matter of merely academic interest. Many laws and public policies directly and profoundly affect migration within and across national borders. At a time when international migration is attracting increasing attention of policy makers, courts, and legislators, there is a real need to better understand and predict the public-order consequences of laws affecting population movements. This article exploits the Russian experience to further that aim. The relationship between population movements and crime has been the subject of a growing social science literature. That literature yields but one clear conclusion: that the relationship defies generalization. In some contexts, a concentration of newcomers (whether native or foreign) in communities correlate with higher, and in other contexts, with lower, violent crime rates across space. Some population movements appear to improve, and others to erode, the social capacity for informal control over crime. In this article, I marshal evidence for one promising explanation for the disparate consequences of different population movements, emphasizing the role of social ties and networks. That explanation suggests that where migrations destroy social networks among the migrants or in receiving communities, the social capacity for informal control over violent behaviors is undermined, and public order is liable to suffer. By contrast, where social networks drive migrations and are preserved or reconstituted in areas of settlement, no comparable disruptive effects ensue. Russia’s experience under Soviet rule furnishes a singularly fitting example of population movements that definitively disrupted preexisting social structures and obstructed formation of new ones. I make use of statistical analysis to demonstrate that the Russian post-communist geography of homicide was shaped profoundly by communist-era migration and settlement patterns. In this way, it offers evidence for the proposition that network-disrupting migrations are strongly associated with higher violent crime rates, and that state laws and policies that produce these sorts of movements come at a high social cost. The idiosyncratic character of Russia’s migration history makes it an empirically convenient case – the proverbial “natural experiment” – to explore the full effects of specifically network-disrupting population movements. Its idiosyncrasy notwithstanding, the Russian experience yields generalizable implications for our understanding of the migration-crime relationship, and our ability to identify those policies that are most likely to disrupt the social processes of informal control and contribute to violent crime. Details: Washington, DC: George Mason University, School of Law, 2013. 66p. Source: Internet Resource: George Mason University Law and Economics Research Paper Series 13-01 Accessed January 22, 2013 at: http://www.law.gmu.edu/assets/files/publications/working_papers/1301Migration&ViolentCrime.pdf Year: 2013 Country: United States URL: http://www.law.gmu.edu/assets/files/publications/working_papers/1301Migration&ViolentCrime.pdf Shelf Number: 127346 Keywords: Immigrants and CrimeImmigrationMigration (U.S.)Russian ImmigrantsSocial DisorganizationViolent Crime |