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Date: November 22, 2024 Fri
Time: 12:12 pm
Time: 12:12 pm
Results for post-traumatic stress syndrome
4 results foundAuthor: Abram, Karen M. Title: PTSD, Trauma, and Comorbid Psychiatric Disorders in Detained Youth Summary: This bulletin examines the results of the Northwestern Juvenile Project—a longitudinal study of youth detained at the Cook County Juvenile Temporary Detention Center in Chicago, IL, cosponsored by OJJDP. The authors discuss their findings on the prevalence of trauma and posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) among juvenile detainees and PTSD’s tendency to co-occur with other psychiatric disorders. Of the study sample, 92.5 percent of youth had experienced at least one trauma, 84 percent had experienced more than one trauma, and 56.8 percent were exposed to trauma six or more times. Among participants with PTSD, 93 percent had at least one comorbid psychiatric disorder. Among males, having any psychiatric diagnosis significantly increased the odds of having comorbid PTSD. Details: Washington, DC: U.S. Department of Justice, Office of Justice Programs, Office of Juvenile Justice and Delinquency Prevention, 2013. 16p. Source: Internet Resource: Beyond Detention Series: Accessed June 6, 2013 at: http://www.ojjdp.gov/pubs/239603.pdf Year: 2013 Country: United States URL: http://www.ojjdp.gov/pubs/239603.pdf Shelf Number: 128971 Keywords: Juvenile CorrectionsJuvenile Detention (U.S.)Juvenile OffendersMental HealthPost-Traumatic Stress SyndromePsychiatric Disorders |
Author: Phillips, Stephen Title: Former members of the armed forces and the criminal justice system: a review on behalf of the Secretary of State for Justice Summary: ▪ The vast majority of those who serve in the Armed Forces return to civilian life without problem and are less likely than their civilian counterparts to commit criminal offences. ▪ A small minority have difficulties and find themselves in trouble with the law. Their offending behaviour is unlikely to have been directly caused by their service in the Armed Forces, but is sometimes contributed to by their experiences and, on occasion, made possible by their training. Many service charities offer help to these individuals. ▪ Post-traumatic stress disorder is an overused explanation for the behaviour of this cohort of offenders, but poor mental health and substance misuse often contribute to their offending, alongside other risk factors such as homelessness and unemployment. ▪ The Armed Forces Covenant, which exists to recognise the sacrifices made by those who serve, requires the identification and appropriate treatment of this offender group at the earliest possible stage, both for their benefit and that of their families, as well as the public. Offenders should in future be asked at every stage of the criminal justice system whether they have served in the Armed Forces. ▪ Policy makers have previously been hindered by the absence of robust data enabling the identification of pathways effective in pre-venting offending on the part of those who have served in the Armed Forces. Such data must in future be routinely collected. ▪ Knowledge on the part of criminal justice professionals as to the needs of former service personnel is patchy and appropriate training a matter of luck. In future, all criminal justice professionals should have access to appropriate resources and training to enable effective intervention with former service personnel who have committed criminal offences. ▪ Not every custodial facility in England and Wales deals appropriately with, or permits its officers time sufficient to deal with, prisoners who have served in the Armed Forces. This hinders rehabilitation and resettlement efforts. The same is true of probation services. In future, appropriate schemes to deal with former service personnel serving custodial or community sentences must be rolled out on a national basis, drawing on current best practice in this area. ▪ Recently introduced Liaison and Diversion Schemes (which are due to be rolled out nationally in England by 2017/18) require the identification of effective pathways to prevent offending on the part of former service personnel. These efforts are important and should form a distinct part of the evaluation and development of best practice in this area. ▪ Lord Ashcroft's Veterans Transition Review contains a series of recommendations that are likely to have a positive effect in preventing offending by former service personnel. I understand from the Government's response to his review that many of these are now likely to be implemented. ▪ Some statutory agencies in England and Wales have established initiatives to identify and prevent offending behaviour on the part of former service personnel, principally by onward referral to third sec-tor and other support agencies. These schemes appear valuable and similar provision should be implemented nationally. ▪ A lack of national guidance to statutory agencies has previously hindered effective working with offenders who have served in the Armed Forces and led to piecemeal provision across England and Wales. To ensure consistency, a senior civil servant within the Ministry of Justice should be tasked to co-ordinate national policy, with the Secretary of State reporting annually to Parliament on progress in dealing with this offender group. ▪ There is limited evidence that courts established in the United States dealing specifically with offenders who have served in the Armed Forces are effective. The likelihood is that any effectiveness is the result of focussed interventions rather than the creation of such courts. Given the court system in England and Wales and the UK's smaller Armed Forces, such special courts are unlikely to be suitable for introduction here. Details: London: UK Government, 2014. 47p. Source: Internet Resource: Accessed January 12, 2016 at: https://www.gov.uk/government/uploads/system/uploads/attachment_data/file/389964/former-members-of-the-armed-forces-and-the-criminal-justice-system.pdf Year: 2014 Country: United Kingdom URL: https://www.gov.uk/government/uploads/system/uploads/attachment_data/file/389964/former-members-of-the-armed-forces-and-the-criminal-justice-system.pdf Shelf Number: 137471 Keywords: Armed ForcesPost-traumatic Stress SyndromeRehabilitationVeterans |
Author: Ford, Matt Title: Profile of Provision for Armed Forces Veterans under Probation Supervision Summary: This report builds on the Phillips Review into ex-armed forces personnel in the criminal justice system. Announced in January 2014 and published in November the same year, the Phillips Review aimed to 'identify properly the reasons for ex-service personnel ending up in the criminal justice system, to look at the support provided to them and how that support could be improved.' It covered both custody and the community, and made a series of recommendations. With respect to probation, these included: routine identification of veterans, as well as collection of data on offences convicted for and the factors and characteristics associated with their conviction; for the National Offender Management Service (NOMS) to publish guidance on how to address the needs of convicted veterans on probation within twelve months of the release of the Review; that NOMS work with service charities and other bodies to better coordinate support for veterans in criminal justice; and, that a senior civil servant within the Ministry of Justice should be appointed to have responsibility for ex-armed forces personnel involved with the criminal justice system, aiming to implement an identifiable national strategy in England and Wales for best practice in working with this group. The Phillips Review is underpinned by the Armed Forces Covenant, which states that no-one who has served in HM armed forces should face disadvantage in public or commercial services, and in some cases should receive special consideration. With respect to involvement with the criminal justice system, this would refer to how military service may relate to their conviction. Reforms to the probation service under the Government’s Transforming Rehabilitation agenda began during the period of Phillips. Under this programme the 35 old Probation Trusts were replaced by a single National Probation Service responsible for supervising 'high risk' convicted offenders, and 21 privately owned Community Rehabilitation Companies (CRCs) which would supervise ‘medium’ to 'low risk' convicted offenders. Contracts to run these CRCs were awarded in December 2014, and these providers have since been building supply chains made up of public, private, and voluntary sector organisations which are subcontracted to supply services. Details: London: Forces in Mind Trust, Probation Institute and Centre for Crime and Justice Studies 2016. 43p. Source: Internet Resource: Accessed February 11, 2017 at: http://probation-institute.org/wp-content/uploads/2017/02/Veterans-Probation-Report-Final-PDF1.pdf Year: 2016 Country: United Kingdom URL: http://probation-institute.org/wp-content/uploads/2017/02/Veterans-Probation-Report-Final-PDF1.pdf Shelf Number: 144822 Keywords: Armed Forces Community SupervisionPost-traumatic Stress Syndrome ProbationProbationersRehabilitationVeterans |
Author: Heyman, Miriam Title: Ruderman White Paper on Mental Health and Suicide of First Responders Summary: A white paper commissioned by the Foundation has revealed that first responders (policemen and firefighters) are more likely to die by suicide than in the line of duty. In 2017, there were at least 103 firefighter suicides and 140 police officer suicides. In contrast, 93 firefighters and 129 police officers died in the line of duty. Suicide is a result of mental illness, including depression and PTSD, which stems from constant exposure to death and destruction. The white paper study, the Ruderman White Paper on Mental Health and Suicide of First Responders, examines a number of factors contributing to mental health issues among first responders and what leads to their elevated rate of suicide. One study included in the white paper found that on average, police officers witness 188 'critical incidents' during their careers. This exposure to trauma can lead to several forms of mental illness. For example, PTSD and depression rates among firefighters and police officers have been found to be as much as 5 times higher than the rates within the civilian population, which causes these first responders to commit suicide at a considerably higher rate (firefighters: 18/100,000; police officers: 17/100,000; general population 13/100,000). Even when suicide does not occur, untreated mental illness can lead to poor physical health and impaired decision-making. In addition, the Firefighter Behavioral Health Alliance (FBHA) estimates that approximately 40% of firefighter suicides are reported. If these estimates are accurate, the actual number of 2017 suicides would be approximately equal to 257, which is more than twice the number of firefighters who died in the line of duty. "First responders are heroes who run towards danger every day in order to save the lives of others. They are also human beings, and their work exerts a toll on their mental health," said Jay Ruderman, President of the Ruderman Family Foundation. "It is our obligation to support them in every way possible - to make sure that they feel welcome and able to access life-saving mental health care. This white paper should serve as a critical call to action to all who care about our heroes in red and blue." The white paper also goes on to lay out several barriers that prevent first responders from accessing necessary mental health services to help them cope with trauma. Experts describe the shame and stigma surrounding mental health within professions that prioritize bravery and toughness, and the public remains largely unaware of these issues, since the vast majority of first responder suicides are not covered by the mainstream media. Additionally, of the 18,000 law enforcement agencies across the United States, approximately 3-5% have suicide prevention training programs. Details: Boston: Ruderman Family Foundations, 2018. Source: Internet Resource: Accessed April 28, 2018 at: http://rudermanfoundation.org/white_papers/police-officers-and-firefighters-are-more-likely-to-die-by-suicide-than-in-line-of-duty/ Year: 2018 Country: United States URL: http://rudermanfoundation.org/white_papers/police-officers-and-firefighters-are-more-likely-to-die-by-suicide-than-in-line-of-duty/ Shelf Number: 149934 Keywords: First RespondersMental health ServicesPolice SuicidesPost-Traumatic Stress SyndromeSuicide |