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Date: November 22, 2024 Fri
Time: 12:12 pm
Time: 12:12 pm
Results for secured by design
4 results foundAuthor: Dennis, Stephen Title: Evaluation and Crime Prevention: An Investigation of Evaluation and Monitoring of Crime Prevention Through Environmental Design Initiatives in New Zealand Summary: Crime Prevention Through Environmental Design (CPTED) has become an increasingly popular tool for local authorities to adopt in their effort to reduce and prevent crime. Scholars have drawn attention to the shortcomings of crime prevention approaches including the proliferation of negative side-effects, its adoption for political reasons, and its role in causing social exclusion, all of which undermine the credibility of such approaches. However, the effectiveness of CPTED is rarely questioned by practitioners who commonly consider that it is guaranteed to produce positive results. As such, the practice of evaluation is largely a forgotten process whereby its value to a more informed, ethical, and effective delivery of CPTED remains untapped. The purpose of this research was to investigate the evaluation and monitoring process of CPTED projects and initiatives by local authorities in New Zealand. This was achieved by adopting an interpretive-qualitative research approach in order to gain the views and opinions of those experienced with the use of CPTED. The findings of the research suggest that issues which undermine the effectiveness of CPTED exist in the New Zealand context including examples of negative side effects and the common perception among practitioners that results will always produce positive results. Unsurprisingly, the research found that evaluation remains a neglected element of CPTED delivery in New Zealand, however, practitioners illustrated that they were aware of the benefits that evaluation can provide. Importantly, the findings suggest that there is a growing interest in undertaking evaluation among New Zealand practitioners however a number of barriers and limitations restrict opportunities to do so. These barriers included reliability and availability of crime statistics, lack of knowledge, loss of knowledge, fear of failure, limited resources, and the importance of service delivery. This research has identified several ways in which CPTED evaluation can be facilitated and encouraged throughout New Zealand. This includes providing training for evaluation and including evaluation as a prerequisite of funding provision. Additionally, evaluation can be encouraged through the promotion of methods and measures which are sympathetic to the realities and restrictions that practitioners face in their daily routines. Finally, greater central guidance is required which could be facilitated through the establishment of a professional CPTED body and a centre for information providing access to research findings and information allowing practitioners to learn from past, and each other’s, experiences. Through these means a better indication of CPTEDs effectiveness can be gained. By facilitating the adoption of CPTED evaluation practitioners can work towards a more informed, effective, ethical, and sustainable delivery of CPTED throughout New Zealand. Details: Dunedin, NZ: University of Otago, 2012. 158p. Source: Internet Resource: Thesis: Accessed November 18, 2014 at: http://otago.ourarchive.ac.nz/bitstream/handle/10523/3971/DennisStephen2013MPlan.pdf?sequence=1&isAllowed=y Year: 2012 Country: New Zealand URL: http://otago.ourarchive.ac.nz/bitstream/handle/10523/3971/DennisStephen2013MPlan.pdf?sequence=1&isAllowed=y Shelf Number: 134140 Keywords: Built EnvironmentCPTEDCrime PreventionDesign Against CrimeSecured by Design |
Author: Monchuk, Leanne Title: Crime Prevention through Environmental Design (CPTED): Investigating Its Application and Delivery in England and Wales Summary: This thesis has two aims. First, it examines how the principles of Crime Prevention through Environmental Design (CPTED) are practically applied by a representative sample of 28 Architectural Liaison Officers (ALOs) across England and Wales. Second, it investigates how CPTED is delivered across Greater Manchester by Greater Manchester Police Design for Security Consultancy (DFSC). The research demonstrates that when presented with a set of residential plans ALOs are, to varying extents, able to identify locations which time shows have higher levels of crime and disorder. Whilst there is a skill exhibited by ALOs, there is a wide range of performance with some ALOs tending to overstate the risks posed. The skill therefore requires finessing to ensure that ALO input is maximally useful. It is argued that those responsible for the application of CPTED should be afforded more training and resources to allow them to develop this skill. Research underpinning ALO advice also needs to be developed. The way in which CPTED is delivered across Greater Manchester is atypical when compared to other forces across England and Wales. CPTED in Manchester is applied by former built environment professionals and a fee is charged for the production of a Crime Impact Statement (CIS). The aim of the CIS is to ensure that CPTED is considered early in the design and planning process. The thesis reports on how the CIS process was delivered during a period of austerity and examines how DFSC liaise with key stakeholders in compiling the CIS. The associated police recorded crime data for four residential CIS developments is reviewed as a means of measuring the extent to which the developments experienced crime and disorder compared to the immediate surrounding area. During the period of analysis no burglary offences were recorded. Analysis reveals that the involvement of DFSC is dependent upon a client being aware of the policy requirement for a CIS to accompany major planning applications. Some clients request a CIS late in the design and planning process, which limits the time DFSC can appraise the scheme and provide a consultative service. The content and structure of the CIS' varies depending upon when and by whom the CIS is written. Whilst CPTED is an important consideration for LPAs across Manchester, it is only one consideration, amongst others, for planning officers. Details: Huddersfield, UK: University of Huddersfield, 2016. 343p. Source: Internet Resource: Dissertation: Accessed June 28, 2016 at: http://eprints.hud.ac.uk/27933/ Year: 2016 Country: United Kingdom URL: http://eprints.hud.ac.uk/27933/ Shelf Number: 139512 Keywords: Built EnvironmentCPTEDCrime PreventionDesign Against CrimeSecured by Design |
Author: Walmsley, Edward J.L. Title: Situational crime prevention: the public's engagement with, support for, and their opinions on the effectiveness of SCP techniques and measures within a residential setting Summary: There was little previous literature assessing public opinions of specific crime prevention strategies. Therefore the aim of this study was to investigate whether or not the public engage with situational crime prevention (SCP) techniques and measures, whether they support it, and whether or not they believe it to be effective. These main three opinions were then tested against four factors: area of residence; socio-demographic features; victimisation; and fear of crime. The study used a quantitative methodology and collected survey data from 196 participants from two separate locations of opposing crime rates within Kirklees, West Yorkshire. The study found that in general the sample strongly engaged with, supported, and felt SCP techniques and measures within their area of residence to be effective, although the latter measure was unconvincing. A key finding was that all three factors had positive correlations indicating that engagement can increase support and opinions on effectiveness and vice versa. Evidence was found to show that the four factors effected opinions on the effectiveness of SCP, however, no conclusive evidence was found to show that area of residence, socio-demographic features, victimisation, and fear of crime significantly affect engagement and support of SCP. Further results did indicate though, that the public were in favour of a number of Crime Prevention through Environmental Design features, especially improved community cohesion. As a result of the findings, the study suggests a number of policy implications, such as increased community cohesion and educating the public on the positive effects and success of SCP implementation. As well as this, future research should concentrate on exploring fear of crime: in particular do security measures increase it and if so can preventative initiatives such as Designing out Crime and Secured by Design be effective in reducing it Details: Huddersfield, University of Huddersfield, 2014. 133p. Source: Internet Resource: Thesis: Accessed June 29, 2016 at: http://eprints.hud.ac.uk/23528/1/ewalmsleyfinalthesis.pdf Year: 2014 Country: United Kingdom URL: http://eprints.hud.ac.uk/23528/1/ewalmsleyfinalthesis.pdf Shelf Number: 139537 Keywords: CPTEDCrime PreventionDesign Against CrimePublic OpinionSecured by DesignSituational Crime Prevention |
Author: McNally, Steven W. Title: Exploring Strip Mall Crime Prevention through Environmental Design: A Qualitative Single Case Study Summary: Crime rates tend to be higher in malls that attract juveniles and non-shoppers and where there is access to crowded stores. The upscale architecture of many shopping centers and strip malls can lull visitors into a false sense of security, which can result in behaviors that place them at an increased risk of crime victimization. The purpose of this qualitative, single case study was to explore the physical design and managerial implementation of Crime Prevention through Environmental Design (CPTED) at a strip mall located in the southeastern part of the United States. CPTED opines that crime prevention and control of criminals in mall retail outlets could be addressed through physical design of a building and the modifications of its land usage that permit or restrict the surveillance or observation by normal users. Data were collected through a face-to-face individual interview with a strip mall owner, systematic and direct observations, and document reviews at a strip mall. The data collected during the observations, interviews, and document reviews were organized, coded, and analyzed. Microsoft Excel was used to sort, organize, and code relevant information emerging from the review of documents. The study revealed that open space could either discourage or encourage criminal activity. Open space building where there is wide access of invasion motivates criminals to implement crime plans. The management practice such as (a) installation of surveillance camera, (b) maintenance of lighting, (c) shared surveillance, (d) options for green landscaping, and (e) imposition of regulations were five management practices that ensure the deterrence of criminal activities. This study identified the importance of the physical design of the buildings, ownership structure, guardianship, shared surveillance, lighting facilities, and association of neighbors in the deterrence of opportunistic behaviors of potential criminals. It is recommended that further studies could be made using the cases of other CPTED strip malls in the country. Details: Prescott Valley, AZ: Northcentral University, 2015. 121p. Source: Internet Resource: Dissertation: Accessed July 1, 2016 at: http://gradworks.umi.com/37/12/3712685.html Year: 2015 Country: United States URL: http://gradworks.umi.com/37/12/3712685.html Shelf Number: 139540 Keywords: Built Environment CPTED Crime Prevention Design Against Crime Secured by Design |