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Date: November 22, 2024 Fri
Time: 11:51 am
Time: 11:51 am
Results for sexually transmitted diseases
3 results foundAuthor: Godwin, John Title: Sex Work and the Law in Asia and the Pacific: Laws, HIV and Human Rights in the Context of Sex Work Summary: Nearly all countries of Asia and the Pacific criminalize some aspects of sex work. Criminalization increases vulnerability to HIV by fuelling stigma and discrimination, limits access to sexual health services and condoms. The report clearly distinguishes between adult consensual sex work and human trafficking for sexual exploitation. Removing legal penalties for sex work allows HIV prevention and treatment programmes to reach sex workers and their clients more effectively. These are some of the findings in an unprecedented study issued today by the UN Development Programme (UNDP), the UN Population Fund (UNFPA) and the Joint United Nations Programme on HIV/AIDS (UNAIDS). Sex Work and the Law examines 48 countries in Asia and the Pacific to assess laws, legal policies and law enforcement practices that affect the human rights of sex workers and impact on the effectiveness of HIV responses. Where sex work has been decriminalized, there is a greater chance for safer sex practices through occupational health and safety standards across the industry. Furthermore, there is no evidence that decriminalization has increased sex work. The report describes countries that use punitive law enforcement practices, confiscate condoms as evidence of illegal conduct, require compulsory or coerced HIV testing, deny government services and certain rights to sex workers, and have compulsory detention centres. The report notes: •Eleven countries where sex workers report condom confiscation or police harassment for possessing condoms (China, Fiji, India, Indonesia, Malaysia, Myanmar, Nepal, Papua New Guinea, the Philippines, Sri Lanka and Vietnam). •Six countries that require mandatory testing of sex workers for HIV or sexually transmitted infections (STIs) as a condition of employment (Guam (unincorporated territory of the United States), Indonesia, Philippines, Singapore, Thailand, and several states of Australia); and three countries where compulsory or coerced HIV testing for sex workers has been reported (China, India and Vietnam). •At least four countries in which compulsory detention of sex workers for rehabilitation or re-education is reported (China, India, Myanmar, Sri Lanka). Roy, UNDP Asia-Pacific Regional Centre Manager. The report highlights current laws, policies and practices that are helpful to HIV responses. A snapshot: •Decisions of the Supreme Courts of Bangladesh, India and Nepal recognize the human rights of sex workers. •The Ministry of Interior of Cambodia issued a Directive that condoms will not be used as evidence for arrest. •Legislation in Fiji and Papua New Guinea make it unlawful to deny a person access to condoms or other means of protection from HIV. •National HIV laws in Cambodia, Fiji, Lao PDR, Papua New Guinea and the Philippines offer some protections in areas such as prohibition of compulsory testing, and rights to confidentiality and to protection from discrimination for those who are HIV-positive. •Legislation in Vietnam requires the government to implement harm reduction interventions including condom programmes with sex workers, and protects peer educators from prosecution. •Rules of the Social Security Fund of Thailand enable sex workers to access state social security benefits. The report also highlights how significant advances in recognition of the rights of sex workers can occur even in contexts where the sex industry is illegal. For example, education of police and empowerment of sex workers has helped to reduce human rights violations in India and Thailand, and health authorities in many countries now actively support sex worker organizations to deliver HIV prevention programmes to their peers. Details: Bangkok, Thailand: United Nations Development Programme, UNCP Asia-Pacific Regional Centre, 2012. 212p. Source: Internet Resource: Accessed October 26, 2012 at: http://www.snap-undp.org/elibrary/Publication.aspx?ID=699 Year: 2012 Country: Asia URL: http://www.snap-undp.org/elibrary/Publication.aspx?ID=699 Shelf Number: 126809 Keywords: HIV (Viruses)Human TraffickingProstitutesProstitutionSex TraffickingSex Work (Asia)Sex WorkersSexually Transmitted Diseases |
Author: Pan Caribbean Partnership Against HIV and AIDS Title: Prostitution, Sex Work and Transactional Sex in the English-, Dutch- and French-Speaking Caribbean: A Literature Review of Definitions, Laws and Research Summary: Sex work in the Caribbean is multifaceted, covering a range of activities including brothel, club, tourist-oriented, and street-based prostitution, exotic dancing, and escort services. The aim of this project was to conduct a review of literature and legislation on sex work in the Caribbean for the period 1999-2009 in order that the Pan Caribbean Partnership against HIV/AIDS (PANCAP) could better understand the ways in which sex work activities are organized, legislated, and defined throughout the region. Details: Greater Georgetown, Guyana: PANCAP/ CARICOM, 2009. 108p. 2009. Source: Internet Resource: Accessed November 28, 2012 at: http://www.pancap.org/docs/World_Bank_Studies/Prostitution_Sex_Work_and_Transactional_Sex_Report.pdf Year: 2009 Country: Central America URL: http://www.pancap.org/docs/World_Bank_Studies/Prostitution_Sex_Work_and_Transactional_Sex_Report.pdf Shelf Number: 127024 Keywords: ProstitutesProstitutionSex TourismSex Work (Caribbean)Sexually Transmitted Diseases |
Author: Cunningham, Scott Title: Decriminalizing Prostitution: Surprising Implications for Sexual Violence and Public Health Summary: Most governments in the world including the United States prohibit prostitution due to moral repugnance, though disease and victimization risks associated with sex markets are salient policy concerns. Given these types of laws rarely change and are fairly uniform across regions, our knowledge about the impact of decriminalizing sex work is largely conjectural. We exploit the fact that a Rhode Island District Court judge unexpectedly decriminalized indoor prostitution in 2003 to provide the first causal estimates of the impact of decriminalization on the composition of the sex market, rape o ffenses, and population sexually transmitted infection outcomes. Not surprisingly, we fi nd that decriminalization increased the size of the indoor market. However, somewhat unexpectedly, we find that decriminalization caused both forcible rape off enses and gonorrhea incidence to decline for the overall population. Our synthetic control model fi nds 824 fewer reported rape off enses and 1,035 fewer cases of female gonorrhea from 2004 to 2009. The combined benefi ts of six years of decriminalization are estimated to be approximately 200 million USD. Decriminalization appears to benefi t the population at large, especially women|and not just sex workers. Details: Waco, TX: Baylor University, 2013. Source: Internet Resource: Accessed November 23, 2013 at: http://economics.emory.edu/home/assets/Seminars%20Workshops/Seminar_2013_Cunningham.pdf Year: 2013 Country: United States URL: http://economics.emory.edu/home/assets/Seminars%20Workshops/Seminar_2013_Cunningham.pdf Shelf Number: 131675 Keywords: Decriminalization Prostitutes Prostitution (U.S.) Sex Workers Sexually Transmitted Diseases |