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Date: November 22, 2024 Fri
Time: 11:39 am
Time: 11:39 am
Results for tourism and crime
6 results foundAuthor: Sorensen, David W.M. Title: Rounding Up Suspects in the Rise of Danish Burglary: A Statistical Analysis of the 2008/09 Increase in Residential Break-ins Summary: During the 18-year period 1990 to 2007, the number of reported residential burglaries (indbrud i beboelse) was very stable. This changed in 2008 to 2010, when burglary increased by 30% (averaged over these three years) as compared to the previous 18-year average. Seen in its most extreme light, the number of reported burglaries in 2009 was 65.3% higher than in 2005. Little solid evidence exists as to why residential burglary increased so dramatically in 2008 and 2009. The current report examines this question using POLSAS data on 234,745 residential burglaries reported in Denmark during the six-year period 2005-2010, plus data on long term crime trends (1990-2010) and other social indicators. The report begins with a comparison of the rise in burglary to trends in overall Danish property crime. This reveals that the increase in burglary is far greater than that for any other major crime category. Burglary is therefore unique in this regard. Trends in Danish burglary are then compared to burglary trends in the EU and other Nordic countries to see if Denmark’s increase is part of a wider EU/Nordic phenomenon. The EU countries worst hit by the economic recession of 2008 experienced the sharpest increases in burglary. Denmark shares little in common with these countries, but shares much in common with Sweden, which also experienced a (far more modest) rise in burglary. In sum, domestic and international trend analyses reveal that the increase in Danish burglary probably has multiple causes emanating from both within and outside Denmark. The report examines whether any of the following factors may have contributed to the rise in Danish burglary: · Changes in public reporting tendencies and police recording practices · Population age, drug use and economic recession · Increasing professionalism · Crime tourism · The Police Reform of 2007 The results are as follows: · Reporting/Recording: The report finds no evidence of increased reporting tendencies other than the fact that victim loss per burglary has increased, which all else equal should increase the likelihood of reporting. There have been no changes in police recording practices or in the ease with which burglary can be reported to police. There is, therefore, no reason to believe that the increase in reported burglary stems from a simple change in the way in which it is reported or recorded by police. · Age/Drugs/Economy: There has been a small increase in the proportion of the Danish population in the peak crime ages (16-25), as well as increases in the use of cocaine and amphetamines. The economic crisis of 2008/9 increased unemployment, which created financial hardship especially for young adults. All of these factors may have contributed to the increase in burglary, but none are likely to have caused it on their own. · Professionalism: Increased professionalism is likely to manifest itself in greater efficiency and greater productivity, i.e., more burglaries. There is evidence that burglars are becoming more professional in Denmark. This evidence includes an increase in the theft of expensive designer furniture (which requires trucks to transport), an increase in repeat victimization at the same households, and an increase in the average number of charged crimes per offender. · Crime Tourism: While there has been a significant increase in crime tourism, i.e., burglaries committed by persons who have their legal residence outside of Denmark, it seems unlikely to explain the increase in burglary on its own. This is because the overall raw number of burglaries estimated as attributable to crime tourists is simply too low. Furthermore, part of the apparent increase in crime tourism may reflect an increased focus on the part of the police. This said, crime tourism does seem to be growing, and crime tourists have a higher crime frequency per person (as measured via average number of charges) than Danish residents and tend to operate in larger co-offending groups. The average number of charged crimes per offender is also increasing among Danish residents. Only 6.5% of all cases result in charges against one or more offenders. The figures on crime tourism are based on this minority of apprehended offenders and therefore must be interpreted with caution. · Police Reform: Distractions caused by the Police Reform of 2007 are likely to have temporarily reduced police performance resulting in decreases in clearance rates (sigtelsesrater). Decreased clearance may have contributed to the rise in burglary via its negative effects on incapacitation. The influx of crime tourism and distractions caused by the Police Reform are likely to have had the most influence amongst the factors listed above. This said, the evidence for their involvement is not especially compelling. There may be other factors far more important that have not been considered in this report. One factor completely missing from this report is the possibility that changes in police tactics (i.e., use/disuse of Top Ten lists, DNA, etc.) influenced the rise. Any future investigations of the 2008/9 rise in residential burglary should consider this. Details: Copenhagen: Danish Crime Prevention Council, 2011. 64p. Source: Internet Resource: Accessed May 9, 2012 at: http://www.dkr.dk/sites/default/files/Rise_in_Burglary.pdf Year: 2011 Country: Denmark URL: http://www.dkr.dk/sites/default/files/Rise_in_Burglary.pdf Shelf Number: 125225 Keywords: Drugs and CrimeProperty CrimesResidential Burglary (Denmark)TheftTourism and Crime |
Author: United Nations Children's Fund (UNICEF). Innocenti Research Centre Title: Assessing 'The Code of Conduct' for the Protection of Children from Sexual Exploitation in Travel and Tourism: Discussion Paper Summary: The Code of Conduct for the Protection of Children from Sexual Exploitation in Travel and Tourism ('The Code') was established in 1998 by ECPAT Sweden with the assistance of the United Nations World Tourism Organization (UNWTO). Since 2004 there has been no comprehensive assessment of the impact of The Code. In addition, no performance monitoring system has been put in place.This assessment was designed to review the current performance of The Code, and to propose a set of criteria based on rights-based principles for measuring the impact and effectiveness of The Code at global and country levels. Details: Florence, Italy: UNICEF Innocenti Research Centre, 2012. 50p. Source: Internet Resource: Accessed July 25, 2012 at: http://www.unicef-irc.org/publications/662 Year: 2012 Country: International URL: http://www.unicef-irc.org/publications/662 Shelf Number: 125769 Keywords: Child ProstitutionChild ProtectionChild Sexual AbuseChild Sexual ExploitationTourism and Crime |
Author: U.S. Congress. Senate Committee on Commerce, Science, and Transportation Title: Cruise Ship Crime: Consumers have Incomplete Access to Cruise Crime Data Summary: For many passengers, a cruise is a dream vacation: a floating city full of exciting attractions and adventure for the whole family. However, crime on a cruise ship can turn a dream vacation into a nightmare. While crimes occur infrequently on cruise ships, when crime does occur onboard the victim often lacks the same access to law enforcement and emergency services – as well as avenues for recourse – that are available in the United States. Particularly given these differences, it is important that passengers are informed about crime on cruises before they travel. To increase transparency regarding crime on cruise vessels, Congress included in the Cruise Vessel Security and Safety Act of 2010 (CVSSA) public reporting requirements regarding cruise ship crime. Under the CVSSA, cruise lines must report to the Federal Bureau of Investigation (FBI) any allegation of a crime as soon as possible and the United States Coast Guard (Coast Guard) must maintain and publicly post on a website a statistical compilation of the alleged crimes. Unfortunately, the public reporting process established under this language is not providing consumers a complete view of crimes reported on cruise vessels. Details: Washington, DC: Senate Committee on Commerce, Science, and Transportation, 2013. 35p. Source: Internet Resource: Staff Report: Accessed August 6, 2013 at: http://www.lipcon.com/files/cruise-ship-crime-consumers-have-incomplete-access-to-cruise-crime-data.pdf Year: 2013 Country: United States URL: http://www.lipcon.com/files/cruise-ship-crime-consumers-have-incomplete-access-to-cruise-crime-data.pdf Shelf Number: 129554 Keywords: Crime StatisticsCruise Ships (U.S.)Tourism and CrimeTransportation Crimes |
Author: Mthembu, Nompumelelo Title: Tourism Crime, Safety and Security in the Umhlathuze District Municipality, KwaZulu-Natal. Summary: Recreation and Tourism as a profession is new in South Africa. In the past not much concern was given to the provision and utilisation of recreation and Tourism facilities for the previously disadvantaged communities. Recreation has not been taken as a significant component of life for Blacks because of the apartheid system that existed. In the recent history of South Africa, recreation facilities were mainly made available to the White population areas, with Black areas and being neglected. As such there has been alienation between communities, tourists and hosts, as well as tourism service providers and tourism authorities. These stakeholders have not successfully tackled tourism problem, and more specifically that of tourism crime, safety and security. The focus of this study was to investigate the tourism crime, safety and security in uMhlathuze District Municipality, with special reference to policy formulation and its practise. The main objectives of this study are the following; - To find out whether the local community understands the importance of tourism crime, safety and security in the study area. - To establish the extent to which tourists feel safe and secure in and around the uMhlathuze District area. - To reveal whether there are adequate policies that address situations of tourism safety and security in the study area. - To investigate the levels to which tourism policies are practiced or implemented in the study area. - To indicate the perceived management of tourism crime, safety and security in the near future for the study area. Data was collected by means of interviews and questionnaires that were administered to 124 participants in uMhlathuze District to establish the state of tourism crime, safety and security, affecting domestic and international tourism. Data analysis was accomplished through using the Statistical Package for the Social Science (SPSS) computer technique. The method used for analysing information appeared to be effective because clear outcomes of the finding were achieved. The most important findings were that, there are criminal activities that are occurring in the study area and some of these activities are not reported and the policies and practices are not known by the members of the community and some of the tourism officials and authorities. The latter suggests that the local people should be taught about the importance of tourism and the tourist in the study area. It was further discovered that some of the crimes that takes place are done by the local people because they do not understand the importance of the tourists in the study area. The importance of safety and security is not known to them and they are not told about it. The local people needs to be told about the importance of tourism activities that are taking place in the study area and they should be encouraged to participate in the activities that can make them to see how important is the tourism and its resources. Safety and security should be applied in order to protect the study area. It was also discovered that the Umhlathuze tourism association should be a major role in making the policy and practices to be known by everyone in the study area who can promote the safety and security of the tourists in the study area. This is the big challenge that the local government is facing. Since local municipality is the government that is closest to the people and represents the interests of the residents, it is responsible for fulfilling the developmental role (DLG; 1998). Therefore, it is clear that local people should be taught about the importance of tourism activities and to make the tourism policies and practices to be known by every stakeholder that is involved in promoting the safety and security in the study area. Further that the local government needs to play a leading role to ensure that they provides the training to the local community about the safety and security of the tourist in the study area even the destination itself. Details: KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa: University of Zululand, 2009. 154p. Source: Internet Resource: Thesis: Accessed October 15, 2015 at: http://uzspace.uzulu.ac.za/bitstream/handle/10530/129/Tourism+Crime,+Safety+&+Security+in+the+Umhlathuze+District+Municipality+-+N+Mthembu.pdf;jsessionid=1C04443006F5DF90CB45CE54F6121373?sequence=1 Year: 2009 Country: South Africa URL: http://uzspace.uzulu.ac.za/bitstream/handle/10530/129/Tourism+Crime,+Safety+&+Security+in+the+Umhlathuze+District+Municipality+-+N+Mthembu.pdf;jsessionid=1C04443006F5DF90CB45CE54F6121373?sequence=1 Shelf Number: 136979 Keywords: Public SafetyRecreationTourism and CrimeTourists |
Author: Henninger, Dwight Title: What Impact will Tourist-Oriented Policing Have on Small Sized Police Departments by the Year 2006? Summary: After over ten years of consistent efforts by police agencies all over the United States to implement Community Oriented Policing (COP) philosophies, departments are now looking for methods to expand these concepts to other populations. One such application is to the tourists that are attracted to cities for vacations and day trips. Community Oriented Policing is a philosophy of policing based upon the concept that the police and citizens work together in creative ways to help solve community problems related to crime, the fear of crime, and social and physical disorder. The California Attorney General's Office defines Community Oriented Policing as "a philosophy, management style, and organizational design that promotes proactive problem solving and police-community partnerships to address the causes of crime and fear as well as other community issues." Tourists are an important source of revenue for cities in hotel and sales tax. Additionally, they are a population that is generally not given the same level of concern as locals by the police. In Anaheim, California, which has the highest hotel tax in the state of fifteen percent, this tax is projected to generate over $30 million dollars by the year 2005. In Breckenridge, Colorado hotel taxes account for seven percent of their total revenues. Sales and hotel taxes, which are attributed to tourists in this small mountain town, were forty-six percent of total revenues. The Inland Empire area of Southern California has experienced a decade long drop in tourism, which equates to the loss of 2,700 jobs and has affected local government's bottom lines. In New Orleans, Louisiana, in 1997, tourism jobs accounted for sixteen percent of the city's employment, up from seven percent a decade earlier and over a $3.5 billion economic impact. In Laguna Beach, California, tourism revenues represent over twenty percent of the discretionary spending revenues. Tourist Oriented Policing (TOP) is a process of applying COP techniques to another segment of our citizen base, which is transient and can be fickle. Police must be aware their communities tourist based tax revenues can be greatly affected by the quality of police/tourist interaction. Past problems of communicating with potential tourists, preventing victimization, poor conviction levels for suspects in tourist related cases, and the tourist's general feeling of safety in our communities are all-important issues for the local police to resolve, which traditionally, have not been regularly addressed. Technology has greatly increased the ability of police to communicate with citizens, tourists and potential visitors, and it has increased the demands of these consumers for our services. Internet web sites are the norm for most businesses and cities, but whom are we targeting with this information? How will the information demanded by tourists increase during the next decade? Details: Sacramento, CA: California Commission on Peace Officer Standards and Training, 2001. 67p. Source: Internet Resource: Thesis: Accessed October 20, 2015 at: lib.post.ca.gov Year: 2001 Country: United States URL: lib.post.ca.gov Shelf Number: 137042 Keywords: Community-Oriented PolicingTourism and CrimeTourists |
Author: Birds, Jonathan M. Title: Perceptions of Disorder: Results from Two Las Vegas Tourist Locations Summary: Over the past 30 years, much has been written about the negative consequences that minor disorders and quality of life offenses can have on public places. The literature documents cases where disorder contributed to the deterioration of locations such as the New York City subways, the downtown Civic Center in San Francisco, and MacArthur Park in Los Angeles (Kelling & Coles 1996; Sousa & Kelling 2010). The literature also describes the process by which disorder leads to the decline of public places. According to the 'broken windows' hypothesis (Wilson & Kelling 1982), disorder can generate fear among citizens, causing them to avoid locations where disorder is a problem. These locations, which lack informal social control mechanisms, are potentially vulnerable to more serious forms of crime. Although research provides evidence of a link between disorder and fear, how one perceives disorder is largely "in the eye of the beholder." The literature suggests that an observer's perceptions of disorder depend on the context in which it occurs (Kelling & Coles 1996). Factors such as the amount of disorder, the vulnerability of the observer, and the observer's prior knowledge of the disorderly person or place, for instance, play a role in whether one fears disorder or considers it to be problematic. Given the potential for quality of life offenses to generate fear and cause other community problems, it is important to understand perceptions of disorder in public places. The purpose of this Research in Brief is to examine citizen opinions of personal safety, disorderly activity, and police presence at two locations in Clark County: The Fremont Street Experience and the Las Vegas Strip. These are two public locations that are known for tourism and are therefore important to the region's economy. This study also considers the demographic factors that may be relevant to individual perceptions of disorder, such as age, gender, race, and residency status (i.e., Las Vegas Valley local vs. tourist). Details: Las Vegas, NV: University of Nevada at Las Vegas, Center for Crime and Justice Policy, 2015. 6p. Source: Internet Resource: Research in Brief: Accessed March 16, 2016 at: https://www.unlv.edu/sites/default/files/page_files/27/CCJP-PerceptionsOfDisorder.pdf Year: 2015 Country: United States URL: https://www.unlv.edu/sites/default/files/page_files/27/CCJP-PerceptionsOfDisorder.pdf Shelf Number: 138265 Keywords: Disorderly ConductFear of CrimePersonal SafetyPublic AttitudesPublic PlacesTourism and Crime |