114 N.J.L.J. 477
November 8, 1984
Reversed, In re
Advisory Opinion 544
103 N.J. 399 (1986)
OPINION 544
Client Information to Funding
Sources of Non-Profit Legal Services Project
The Inquirer is a member of the Bar and Executive Director of
a Health Law Project which provides legal services to indigent,
disabled persons. He inquires whether certain information which the
organization receives from these persons, in connection with their
need for legal services, will violate the attorney-client privilege
if the information is disseminated to the organizations which
provide funding through grants for the support of the project.
We are informed that the Project has been designated by the
Supreme Court of New Jersey as a legal aid society. It receives
funds from both private and public sources. It is obligated to
make periodic reports to the various fund sources about the
services provided.
We are also informed that state regulations and those of
certain private services, require that client data be reported from
time to time. Some of the information is computerized and thus,
disseminated among several governmental divisions.
The inquirer has furnished a number of exhibits, including the
contract services information, monthly service reports, group
service forms, county community development reports, and other
forms regularly used. We have carefully examined these forms and
find nothing in the information requested which would violate
client secrets or confidences within the meaning of DR 4-101(A) or
DR 4-101(C)(l). These are the sections that the inquirer believes
to be applicable. We point out that the DR's were superseded on
September 10, 1984 by the Rules of Professional Conduct adopted by
the Supreme Court of New Jersey. DR 4-101 is now encompassed by RPC
1.6 "Confidentiality of Information". DR 4-101 cited by the
inquirer refers to confidences and secrets imparted to an attorney
by the client. DR 4-101(A) refers to secrets "that the client has
requested be held inviolate or the disclosure of which would be
embarrassing or would be likely to be detrimental to the client."
The inquirer is troubled by an ABA Informal Opinion #1287 (1974),
which held that the name, address, and telephone number of a client
of Legal Services are "secrets" within the meaning of DR 4-101. In
a later opinion, ABA Informal Opinion #1934 (1977), that committee
ruled that the state inspection of the fiscal records of a legal
service organization would not constitute a revelation of client
confidential information if the information did not identify the
client or if the client consented to the full disclosure.
The various information forms which a participant in the
Project is required to sign reveal that the information sought is
limited to background information concerning family, place of
living, income level, and things of that nature. One form in
particular, known as "Participation Information Form" has 35
questions. Those which would seem to elicit confidential
information need not be answered by the participant if he or she
does not desire to answer. These questions are prefaced by a
statement saying that a waiver must be obtained before questions 21
through 35 are answered by the client. If the client refuses to
answer them, relief is not denied to the client so far as the data
furnished to us reveals. The questions appear to be those which are
of necessity required to be answered to provide a basis for
assisting, the participant and also to furnish information to the
funding agencies so that they can closely monitor the information
on their computers against other information to be sure that the
participant is not seeking to obtain help from several different
agencies.
We believe that the ABA opinions are unnecessarily restrictive
and are not the law in New Jersey. As Justice Handler stated in his
concurring opinion in In re Kozlov, 79 N.J. 232, 247 (1979),
"[t]here has been general recognition in different contexts that
the traditional attorney-client privilege does not cloak identity
per se." And he went on to say, "In addition, doubts as to the
breadth of the attorney-client privilege ought to be settled by
narrowing, rather than widening, its scope." Id. at 248.
There is obvious need in these community service organizations
to obtain personal information to ascertain whether the individual
qualifies for the relief sought, and to report to the funding
authorities the numbers of people consulted, the action taken, and
the results obtained.
To participate in this particular plan, an individual must of
course reveal personal information in order to qualify for the
private grant funds and information is required by law in
connection with the public funding of the Project. RPC 1.6(c)(3)
says that a lawyer shall reveal information to the proper
authorities "to comply with other law."
None of the reporting forms request any information as to what
the client tells the attorney concerning his or her need for the
services of the Project. A copy of a form of report made by the
Project to the various funding organizations as to the actions
taken on behalf of clients, particularly court actions, merely
refer to the action brought, the nature of it, and the results
obtained. No clients' names or addresses are involved.
It is our view that the obtaining of the information requested
of participants by the Project and the distribution of that
information to the private and public funding organizations
involved does not violate any confidences of the clients of the
Project.