PAGENO="0001" CONSUMER IN FORMATION RESR.ONS1BILITI~W OF THE FEDERAL GOVERNMENT HEARINGS BEFORE A SUBCOMMITTEE OF TUE COMMITTEE ON GOVERNMENT OPERATIONS HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES NINETIETH CONGRESS SECOND SESSION JUNE 27, 28, AND JULY 25, 1967 Printed for the use of the Committee on Government Operations ~ ~NT ~POSITOR~ Qy Of ii~ TH~ STATE U~UVERS1TY COU.EGE OF SOUTH JERSEY LIBRARY CAMDEN, N. JM 08102 MAR 271969 011. DOq~ ~J~1 & 7//7 C 76/c U.S. GOVERNMENT PRINTING OFFICE S8~633 WASHINGTON : 1968 PAGENO="0002" COMMITTEE ON GOVERNMENT OPERATIONS . WILLIAM L. DAWSON, Illinois, Chairman CHET HOLW'IELD, California JACK BROOKS, Texas L. H. FOUNTAIN, North Carolina PORTER HARDY, JIL, Virginia JOHN A. BLATNIK, Minnesota ROBERT E. JONES, Alabama EDWARD A. GARMATZ, Maryland JOHN E. MOSS, California DANTE B. FASCELL, Florida HENRY S. REUSS, Wisconsin JOHN S. MONAGAN, Connecticut TORBERT H. MACDONALD, Massachusetts J. EDWARD ROUSH, Indiana WILLIAM `S. MOORHEAD, Penitsylvania CORNELIUS E. GALLAGHER, New Jersey WILLIAM J. RANDALLf Missouri BENJAMIN S. ROSENTHAL, New York JIM WRIGHT, Texas FERNAND J. ST GERMAIN, Rhode Island C~IRISTINE RAY DAVIS, ,~taff Director JAMES A. LANIOAN, General Counsel MILES Q. ROMNEY, Associate General Counsel J. F, CARLSON, Minority Counsel WILLIAM H. COPENHAVII1~, Minority Professional staff THOMAS A. SMITH, Minority Professional staff FLORENCE P. DWYER, New Jersey OGDEN IL REID, New York FRANK HORTON, New York DONALD RUMSFELD, Illinois JOHN N. ERLENBORN, Illinois JOHN W. WYDLER, New York CLARENCE J. BROWN, JR., Ohio JACT~ EDWARDS, Alabama GUY VANDER JAGT, Michigan JOHN T. MYERS, Indiana FLETCHER THOMPSON, Georgia WILLIAM 0. COWGER, Kentucky MARGARET M. HECKLER, Massachusetts GILBERT GUDIII, Maryland PAUL N. 1\4cCLOSKEY, Ja., California SPECIAL STUDIES SUBCOMMITTEE WILLIAM L. DAWSON, Illinois, Chairman PORTER HARDY, JR., Virginia JOHN W. WYDLER, New YOrk CORNELIU~ E~GALLAOHER, New Jersey, JQHN T. MYERS, Indiana BENJAMIN `S. ROSENTHAL, New York WILLIAM 0. COWGER, Kentucky LouIs I. FREED, staff Administrator JACOB N. WASSERMAN, Counsel JOHAN T. BENSON, Professional staff SPECIAL INQUIRY ON CONSUMER REPRESENTATION IN THE FEDERAL GOVE1INMEN? BENJAMIN `S. ROSENTHAL, New York, Chairman PETER S. BARASH, Professional staff Member in Charge I. WARREN HARRISON, Professional staff DOLORES FEL'DoTTO, Clerk 1 Succeeded Hon. Robert Dole of Kansas Jan. 30, 1968. (II) PAGENO="0003" CONTENTS Hearings held on- Page June 27, 1967 1 June 28, 1967 47 July 25, 1967 63 Statement of- Abersfeller, Heinz A., Commissioner, Federal Supply Service, General Services Administration; accompanied by George W. Ritter, Assistant Commissioner for Standards and Quality Control; and Charles Travis, Director, Standards Division 31 Brady, Dr. Dorothy S., professor of economics, University of Pennsyl- vania (former member, President's Consumer Advisory Council) - - - 106 Jensen, M. W., Manager, Engineering Standards, National Bureau of Standards, Department of Commerce~ accompanied by Allen J. Farrar, Bureau Legal Adviser; and C. N!. Coates, Assistant to the Director 47 Kaplan, Morris, technical director, Consumers Union 4 Ross, Arthur M., Commissioner of Labor Standards, accompanied by Arnold Chase, Assistant Commissioner for Prices and Living Con- ditions 63 Letters, statements, etc., submitted for the record- Abersfeller, Heinz A., Commissioner, Federal Supply Service, General Services Administration: Federal specifications for wringer-type washing machines 36 Letter to Chairman Rosenthal dated July 21, 1967, re specifi- cations for coiled cords and wringer-type washing machines.. - 35 Brady, Dr. Dorothy S., professor of economics, University of Pennsyl- vania (former member, President `s Consumer Advisory Council): Statement of 115 Jensen, M. W., Manager, Engineering Standards, National Bureau of Standards, Department of Commerce: Statement of 60 Kaplan, Morris, technical director, Consumers Union: Report to Senator Warren G. Magnuson from Consumers Union on products tested and rated so hazardous as to be unacceptable for the 10-year period 1956-66 5 Statement of 13 New York City Council on Consumer Affairs: Statement of 116 Ross, Arthur M., Commissioner of Labor Standards: Consumer Price Index (revised January 1964) 85 Estimated retail food prices by cities, May 1967 99 Mailing list for distribution of the Consumer Price Index 75 Statement of 82 Wydler, Hon. John W., a Representative in Congress from the State of New York: Statement of 3 APPENDIX Exhibit 1.-Collection of ~abstracts of Federal specifications for various consumer-type products 117 Exhibit 2.-Qualified products list 124 Exhibit 3.-Cleaning, waxing, and maintenance of soft floors 230 Exhibit 4.-Resilient floor coverings 234 (lU) PAGENO="0004" PAGENO="0005" CONSUMER INFORMATION RESPONSIBILITIES OF THE FEDERAL GOVERNMENT TUESDAY, J~UNE 27, 1967 HoUSE o~ REPRESENTATIVES, SPEcw~ S'rumEs SuBcoMMrcrEE OP THE COMMITTEE ON GOVERNMENT OPER4TIONS, TVasMngton, D.C. The subcommittee met at 10 a.m. in room 2203, Rayburn House Of- flee Building, Hon. Benjamin S. Rosenthal presiding. Present: Representatives Benjamin S. Rosenthal, John W. Wydler, and John T. Myers. Staff present: James A. Lanigan, general counsel, full committee; Peter Barash, legal assistant; I. Warren Harrison, legal assistant; and William H. Copenhaver, minority counsel. Mr. ROSENTHAL. The subcommittee will come to order. This marks the first hearing during the 90th Congress of the Special Inquiry on Consumer Representation in the Federal Government of the House Committee on Government Operations. We are particularly indebted to Chairman Dawson for constituting this subcommittee and taking a lead in the area of consumer responsibility and consumer needs. The consumer inquiry, which is functioning through the Special Studies subcommittee, is charged with examining the' extent to which Federal departments and agencies are carrying out their responsi- bilities to protect the American consumer. It is difficult to conceive of a more vital aspect of this responsibility than the dissemination of product information in the Govermnent's possession' which is of potential use to consumers. In a recent report to the President entitled "Consumer Issues `~6" the Consumer Ad- visory Council concluded that the consumer needs much more in- formation about products if he is to buy wisely in today's complex marketplace. It is difficult to challenge the validity of that conclu- sion. Moreover, this need was recognized by President Johnson in 1964 when he directed his Committee on Consumer Interests to de- vç~lop as promptly as possible effective ways of reaching more homes and more families-particularly low income families-with informa- tion to help them get the most for their money. The President's committee found after extensive study that certain Federal agencies possess vast amounts of information on the performance character- istics and price stability of consumer-type products which could be of enormous benefit to the consumer, if systematically and properly disseminated. The Federal Government, because of its considerable experience in procuring consumer-type items for Federal use and its position of leadership in the field of scientific and technological research, may (1) PAGENO="0006" 2 be uniquely qualified to advance the cause of consumers and the effi- ciency of the marketplace. It now provides consumers with* useful information on a broad range of subjects including infant care, nu- trition, credit guides, family food budgeting, health frauds, house planning aids, and insect control, to name but a few. But very little information is available from Federal sources which relates directly to the consumer's essential function and responsibility of purchas- ing safe products and getting the most for their money. We intend, therefore, to examine the nature and extent of product information now in the possession of the Federal Government, its potential use- fulness to consumers, and the feasibility of having the Federal Gov- ernment expand its consumer information activities to include safety, performance, and price information on consumer-type products. We do not advocate a program whereby any Federal agency would undertake to tell the American consumer that one brand product is superior to another or what he should or should not buy. Nor are we unmindful of the fact that in purchasing consumer-type products, the Federal Government's requirements are sometimes different from those of the average consumer. We do believe, however, that the Gov- ernment's needs and those of private consumers are sufficiently par- allel and the consumer's role is so important to the success of our free enterprise economy, that a governmental program calling for the systematic screening and release of product information is more than justified. Our first witness this morning is Mr. Morris Kaplan, technical di- rector of Consumers Union. Mr. W~uLER. Mr. Chairman, I have a short statement which I would like to put in for the record. I don't have to read it at this time. I would just like to comment on some of the possible offshoots of these hearings and I want to say I fully support them because it would be an important service to the people of the country if we could determine to what extent information presently available within the Government could be made available to the general public and to aid them in the efficient management of their income. Of course, there are certain-and I mention these before the hear- ing starts because I would like some of the witnesses to think about it and possibly direct some of their testimony to it-certain serious problems arising from this. In particular, there might be some legal implications, for example, in the Government making statements available to the general public as to the safety of a particular item because if that information was made public and the item proved un- safe or someone was injured in using it, we might find we established a new form of liability for the Government. This is something to think about. Somebody would then claim he had been misled by the Government into believing this item was safe for a particular use. These are the types of things we will have to think about when we talk about making available information that the Government has, or having the Government express an opinion. Inevitably, it seems to me, when the Government makes information available, by the very size and stature of the Government, people are impressed by that information. For example, if there were 10 compet- ing products and the Government issued a. report about one of them and stated that it thought it was a good product it would seem to me it would give that product a tremendous market advantage and that PAGENO="0007" 3 too indicates a tremendous and serious problem that might result from this type of dissemination of information. Finally, it seems to me that as in all Federal matters once we start down this road of making information that i~ already available within the Government, making that available generally, you are going to enter into a situation in which there are going to be mcreasmg calls not only to make more information available but to start to obtain infoi~- mation to make available and very possibly you could start an entire new Federal program of an information-gathering type and dissenu- nation-type and then the question arises really how far the Govern- ment is going to go into the marketplace and make decisions for the consumers. So with these thoughts in my mind as to some of the problems we might have as well as some of the benefits, I am looking forward to listening to the testimony with great interest. (Statement of Hon. John W. Wydler follows:) STATEMENT OF UQN. JOEN W. WYDLER, A REPREsENTATIvE IN CoNGREsS FROM TEE STATE OF NEW YORK The American economy is founded upon the system of free enterprise. Through this freedom of the n~arketplace, the Nation's economy has grown to unparalleled heights in wealth and vitality. For this system to work, two conditions are required. Producers must be rela- tively free to enter the market and to compete without undue hindrance. And, consumers must be sufficiently informed and alert to purchase the myriad of goods and services offered for sale at the lowest price and at the highest quality. Today, there is concern that many segments of the marketplace are becoming unduly concentrated, that a few large companies-frequently of a congionierate nature-are gaining too much control, and that entry by potential competitors Is being shut off. To some extent this seems to be occurring. In fact, it has been going on for some time in some lines of industry. But, on the whole, the prospec- tive purchaser continues to have a wide variety of products to choose from in most instances. In fact, as barriers to international trade ease, as product substi- tution increases, and as means of financing new businessea-especially small businesses-improve, competition may, in many respects, be on the rise. The plight of the consumer is another story. To an increasing extent, the consumer seems to be buying blind. Increased technological innovation of products, proliferation of new, and frequently exotic products, expanded reliance upon advertising as a form of competitiop- these and other factors have caused consumers to know less and less about more and more. This breakdown in consumer information can hav' the effect of undermining the operation and effectiveness of the free enterprise system. ,If consumers are not intelligently informed or lack the means of obtaining accurate information about products and services, they can be induced or forced by necessity to pur- chase items of higher price, lower quality, or of lesser utility than comparable items. If this continues over a long enough period, competition among producers is damaged and the marketplace is given over to a concentrated group of wish- and-dream merchants. In the affluent society of today, this problem is becoming increasingly acute. As individuals acquire greater disposable income, their aspirations and desires rise. With such a rise, less attention is given to conserving resources and to meeting only utilitarian needs. As a result, this heightened desire to consume causes a disregard for caution and careful buying practices. "Let the buyer beware" no longer is as meaningful a restraint on the consumers' buying habits as it should be. For those who are in a reasonably sound financial condition, the purchase of inferior or overpriced goods or seryices generally is not too serious. But, for those in the poverty strata of society, misguided and uninformed buying prac- tices can have serious consequences. And, even in our affluent society, this can have serious consequences since it is estimated that between 20 and 35 million persons fall below the poverty line. Buying without knowledge can, for the poor, lead to deprivation, loss of employment, ill-health, despair, and violence. PAGENO="0008" 4 For these many reasons, then, it seems essential that we do all we can to assist the citizen in becoming an intelligent and knowledgeable consumer. Many private institutions, organizations, and individuals are endeavoring to properly inform consumers. But, lack of resources means that their efforts can only have limited effect. Government has also undertaken some programs to protect and inform the consumer, but so far results have been minimal. The Federal Government, in particular, with its multitude of programs affecting the eonsumer has done less than is necessary to help the consumer. This is especially ~o in the case of the poor. I do not mean or imply that the Federal Government should engage In the wholesale regulation of business. To do so would only destroy the free enterprise system that has made the Nation strong. Nor do I intend that the Federal Government should treat consumers as adolescents who must be sheltered and guarded. This can only lead to welfare statism and a loss of freedom and dignity. What I do believe is that we in the Government can do more to assist the consumer in becoming a better informed and more intelligent purchaser. And, we can do this without conferring any greater authority upon the Government or taking away any independence of action from producers. Today, the Federal agencies engage in many activities which have been con- ferred upon them by Congress. Some of these activities are undertaken as a part of, running the Government. such as purchasing goods ~nd services. Others are undertaken to assisI~ or protect citizens such as ~stablishing rates or preventing the sale of flammable products. The problem is, however, that so many activities are engaged in, by so many different agencies, each surrounded by walls of expertise and procedure, that the consuming public receives little usable information which may be profitable for their own purchasing nee~ls. * I, therefore, welcome these hearings in `order that we might be able to deter- mine what areas and types of information are presently being obtained by ~agencies of the Government which, if released in layman's language, might assist the citizen in becoming a better consumer. If the consumer can become better informed, he will be in a better position to make a wiser and freer choice in his purchases. This, to me, is the essence `of ou~ market economy. Mr. R0S1~NTUAL. Mr. Kaplan. STATEMENT OP MORRIS KAPLAN, TECHNICAL DIRECTOR, CONSUMLRS UNION Mr. KAPLAN. My name is Morris Kaplan. I am technical director of Consumers Union of the United States, a nonprofit membership organization, incorporated under the laws of the State of New York in 1936. We publish the monthly magazine, Consumer Reports, and have a circulation approaching one and a quarter million copies per month. Our purposes are "to provide consumers with information and counsel on consumer goods and services * * * to give information and assistance on all matters relating to the expenditure of the family income * * * and to initiate and to cooperate with individual and group efforts seeking to create and maintain decent living standards." I am grateful to the committee for the opportunity you have offered me to present my views on the desirability of making available to the American consumer product information in the possession of the Fed- eral Government. So that you may place these views in the proper perspective, it may help you to know that I have been technical director at Consumers Union since 1946; that before that I spent 16 years in the Federal civil service doing research for the Navy Department and ad- ministering and working in laboratories of the Bureau of Customs, Alcohol Tax Unit and happily in the "dear, dead days beyond recall," the Bureau of Prohibition. One consequence of these associations was contact with the work of a number of Government organizations, both directly and through their publications. PAGENO="0009" 5 It would seem that ~ years after President Kennedy's consumer message to Congress, it would hardly be necessary to argue the con- sumer's need for information. It is true that some progress has been made to guarantee the consumer's right "to be protected against the marketing of goods hazardous to health or life." But more, much more, remains to be done. The market still has many hazardous elec- trical and mechanical products against which the consumer has no protection. In connection with Senator Magnuson's investigation of this sub- ject, we prepared a list of products which we found presented hazards. This list will be submitted for your information. (The list referred to follows:) REPoRT TO SENATOR WARREN G. MAGNUSON PROM CONSUMERS UNION ON PRODUCTS TESTED AND RATED SO HAZARDOUS AS To BE UNACCEPTABLE FOR THE 10-YEAR PERIOD 1956-66 PRODUCTS RATED NOT ACCEPTABLE SUMMARY Year Electrica ~ Electronic I hazards Mechanical Appliance Fire Other ~ Total 1956 1957 1958 1959 1960_..... 1961 1962 1963 1964 1965 1966 3 12 9 3 8 16 1 4 3 3 8 8 21 3 17 31 8 5 4 4 8 7 4 21 15 4 14 25 7 6 10 26 - 34 10 ..~, 3 2 8 1 35 28 33 51 47 34 27 40 6 54 21 Total 56 113 103 ELECTRICAL HAZARD 20 84 376 Product Hazard Issue ELECTRONIC PRODUCTS TV sets (2) - AM-FM table radios (2) Portable phonographs (7) Home intercoms (1) Hobby kits (4) AM clock radio (1) AM table radios (4) AM portable radios (4) (when used on house cur~ rent). TV set (1) Radio kits (2) Table radios, AM-FM (3) Table radios, AM (5) TV set (1) Do Home intercoms (5) Portable phonographs (2) Stereo amplifiers (2) TV set (1) Do Electronic science kits (3) TV set (1) Table radio, AM (1) Table radio, AM-FM (1) Automobile battery charges (2) Excessive leakage current - U_do - - - do do - do do - do -- - do - -- do do do do do - -- do - -- do - -- do - -- ~do - - - do - -- do February 1956. November 1956, August 1957. September 1957. November 1957. June 1958. Do. July 1958. January 1959. February 1959. May 1961. August 1961. January 1962. March 1962. Do. June 1962. September 1962. October 1962. November 1962. Do. April 1963. July 1966. October 1966. November 1966. PAGENO="0010" C, ~m=C)~-~ ~~rrt~ c~~- -~ ~O ~ ~ ~ ~ z 0 ~ ~ o - ~~2: ~ ~ ~ a ~ OQ ~) ~ a - ac, P~{ `V1I~ M- ~ a > ~ * * ~ ~;_ ~j~; *0 ~0 1~ (I, ~ -< .~ 0 ci) 0 0 I- C) C, ~J Fri C, a ~* Eli a. C', ~ L~!1 L~!L~!!it!~ ~ ~IL~I~~! ~ * - * ~- r ~ ~ 0. ~ * ca 9l~ cc~o a* rilc~* ~. ca ~ ~ co~ co Co ~ PAGENO="0011" 7 PRODUCTS RATED NOT ACCEPTABLE-'-Continued MECHANICAL HAZARD~-Continued Product Hazard Issue APPLIANCES, TOYS, AND TOOLS-Con. Lawn mowers (4) Lawn mowers (10) LaWn mOwers (5) Do ~. Blender (1) Food waste disposers (3) LaWn mower (1) - Do Do~ -- - -. .~ - Garden sĜrayert (2) Seat belt retractors (2) High discharge June 1965. Rearward discharge - Do. Expoted blade Do. Poor handle ~ Do. inadvertent start November 1965. Chunks thrown out_ - -- -- ....,..~ March 1966. Exposed blade June 1966. Unshielded belt Do. ~Jser In path Of disch5rge Do. Top may blow off July 1966. Frayed seSt belts - - - October 1966. FIRE HAZARD Travel irons (~) PoflOblO heaters ~2) Carpets PalOt removers (8) Masonry ~aterproofer_~..~..~ Baby blankets RO~uI5r bladkets.~ ~ ~. Portable heaters (7) No thermostat June 1960. Failed dra~b tett_ ~ .~ October i96O. - --- - Do. Flammable October 1961. -- do~........ ~. Januai~y 1964~ May 1964. - -- October 1964. Failed drape test October 1965. OtHER HAZAhDS AutO seat belts Atito seat belts (34:' ~.. Auto seat belts (tO) Oven bleanets (2) Children's sleds (1) Electric toys (2) Oven cleaner (1)~. ~ Bubble bath. - Slip preventitre (1).. ... - Portable heater (1) ShOtgUn (1) Chemistry sets (4) ~. Stuffed toys Toy gun (1) Beads.. ~ May 1956. FebrUary 1960. October 1961. Pressurized add alkaline ~ August 1963. Sharp points November 1963. Hot surfaces November 1964. PressL~rized and alkaline... February 1965. irritatIon.. - August 1965. Oortesive ehOlnical__~ September 1965. Hot surfaces October 1965. Unsafe "safety'~_ ~_ Do. Inadequate caution Iabels~ - November 1965. Sharp "eyes'~ February 1966. Deafening ~. JUne 1966. Poisonous Do. Mr. KAPLAN. It is also true that some advances have been made in giving th~ consumer "the facts he needs to make an informed ehoke".-~ the Government Printing Office's Consumer Informathrn Catalog lists some of the evidence. But it might be noted parenthetically that the progress has been uneven. In some agencies, in facts there has been retrogression under the pressure of producer groups who feel that consumer information is not the Government's business. The National Bureau of Standards used to be far more active iii the 1930's in this area than it now is. The Home Economics Branch of the U.S. Department of Agriculture, which used to publish very helpful material on houshold appliances, clothing and textiles, and other con- sumer products, had its wings clipped to the stubs a few years ago. On the other hand the same Department of Agriculture now publishes a very useful newsletter called Service which contains much valuable information for consumers. Mr. RosllwrnAL. You say they had their wings clipped. Can you tell us when and by whom or anything beyond that bald statement? Mr. KAPLAN. The appropriations were seriously cut and also the views of the then Secretary of Agriculture were that this kind of activity is unsuitable for a Government agency. I believe these views PAGENO="0012" 8 became prominent as a result of some serious criticism both from producers and Members of Congress. Perhaps I should also add parenthetically that all of this testimony was prepared under very great pressure of time and a lot of the details weren't possible to obtain in the short time available. However, if the committee has any questions, I would be glad to try to get the details. Much of it is from memory. I think it would be useful and interesting to compare what is done in the Government now with the need and with the potential. With our burgeoning technology consumer products are becoming increasingly complex in manufacturing. Consumer products from foods and cloth- ing consisting almost entirely of synthetic materials, to electric drills and washing machines and color television sets that use solid state comrn ponents, modern-day producers are taking advantage of our electronic and space-age technology. In such a marketplace the consumer is an innocent babe in the woods. He couldn't make a rational choice to save his life or even his economic well-being. The very fact that many products last a long time and that the state of the art changes rapidly makes it impossible for him to build a body of experience to draw on when he has to make* his next purchase. The consequences are not inconsequential. It has been estimated by Professor Oxenfelt of Columbia Univer- sity School of Business, in a paper entitled "Consumer Knowledge, Its Measurement and Extent" published in the Review of Economics and Statistics, that if consumers purchased products on the basis of objectively determined values, savings of as much as 50 percent could be realized. Perhaps even more important is the role of an informed consumer in acting as a balance wheel to keep a free economy viable. Classical economic theory assumes an informed consumer, rewarding the pro- ducer of a better quality, or equal quality but lower priced product and punishing his less competent competitor. Mr. WYDLER. I can't help wondering, you make quite a bit here about the complicated nature of some of the items that we have to buy today. Of course I agree with you, taking things such as TV sets, yet quite frankly I am.. mOre relaxed and at ease when purchasing a television set where I really feel at least I understand the iiature of the whole problem thanI would be if I bad to go in. and select oranges or bananas, because there I really don't know how to pick them out and I might find I am much more at a loss to know how you make a good buy or how to use your money `most wisely in something as simple as that than I would in something as complicated as the things you mention, such as electric drills and so forth. I don't think it' necessarily relates so much to the complexity of the products as it does as to the experience of the buyer. Mr. KAPLAN. Yes. The point I was trying to make is this: In the case of oranges and bananas, the housewife develops over a period of time a vast body of experience. She buys these products repeatedly and after a while a competent housewife will be able to distinguish a good banana from a bad one, a ripe one from an unripe one, one type of orange from another,' one that has pits and one that doesn't, one that is juicier and one that is not as juicy. In the case of a TV set there is a far more difficult problem. The fact of the matter is that it is possible, with all due respect to your con- PAGENO="0013" 9 fidence, to buy a set which is an absolute lethal hazard. I think that is something that one ought to be greatly concerned with. In the list of material we submitted for Senator Magnuson's com- mittee which concerns itself with the problem of product hazards, we list a substantial number of TV sets-substantial number is an exag- geration-we list a few TV sets we found on the market that you might have bought that could have presented a lethal hazard, so if you touched some accessible part of this set inadvertently or if your child with a probing finger touched some accessible part of this set and at the~ same time was touching a radiator or water pipe of some sort, he could have been electrocuted. This, it seems to me is a matter of great concern. There is no law in this country which will prohibit a producer from putting such a set on the market. There are such laws in most European countries which prohibit putting such a set on the market. In fact, the producer is required in advance to have his set tested to certify that it is in fact safe before he is permitted to market that set. So that in the case of the complex products where the possibility of developing a body of experience doesn't exist, the need it seems to me is even greater. Far be it from me to denigrate the importance of teaching newly- weds how to buy a good banana and how to buy a good orange. There is much one needs to learn about this. Much of it already exists in Government publications, by the way, which are available to the consumer. I think part of the problem this committee might want to concern itself with is how better to publicize this information, how better to get into the hands of the consumer that information which already exists. The fact that it exists in a GPO catalog is not enough reason to believe that people will read it. The other part of the problem is to put it in language and in a form which would be of interest to people. I will proceed with the prepared testimony. Without good information about the product, the consumer gives his patronage to the wrong producer. I am now concerning myself with the problem of consumer information as an appropriate balance wheel to insure that a free market works most effectively in a competitive economy. The consumer doesn't have good information, he may re- ward the wrong producer, namely, the one who produces the inferior product. The reward often goes to the clever advertiser, the ingenious packager, the wily "motivational" researcher, the most seductive credit plan, and not to the most efficient producer of the best product. The consequences to our economy are waste of natural and human re- sources to the detriment of all. I do not want to leave the impression that the consumer's need for information is completely unsatisfied. Much is available. In addition to the ~`ederal Government information I have already mentioned, the States and even local governments have many programs to help the consumer. Your own committee's studies, published in 1961, provide the most definitive descriptions of these activities. In addi- tion, information is available from private publications such as our own consumer reports, Changing Times, the women's and so-called shelter magazines, the specialized product magazines dealing with photography, "hi-fl" equipment, automobiles, and others. Also dis- seminated but somewhat more biased, is material from trade organiza- tions like the National Electrical Manufacturers Association, American PAGENO="0014" 10 Gas Association, and others. Advertising, whose avowed reason. for being is to inform consumers about a product or service, fulfills this mission only occasionally, but rarely in a useful way for the consumer. And the word of mouth sharing of experience, though sometimes extremely effective, also often falls into the "old wives' tale" category, and so a concerned consumer can never really know when to believe it and when not to. In sum, it seems clear that the gap between the demand for informa- tion and the supply of it is large. Every day a new magazine joins the ranks of product information disseminators. Legislators say their mail on consumer problems is heavy and increased Government con- cern-manifested among other ways in hearings like this-is evident. Many suggestions have been offered, both long term and short, for reducing the consumer's areas of ignorance about the products he buys. And this brings me to the heart of today's incpiiry. Many Government agencies have in their flies, as a spin-off from their normal day-to-day activities, a great deal of information that would be directly useful to consumers. It is my belief that a systematic review of the activities of Government agencies for purposes of learning which of them develop information on consumer products by type and/or brand name would reveal a mine of such information which, when tapped, would prove of inestimable value in helping the consumer improve his buying effectiveness. My belief is based on the tip of this iceberg we can see even now from a cursory survey of this kind that has already been done. In Senate Report 2216, "Price of Hearing Aids-Report of the Committee on the Judi- ciary, 1962," appendix A contains a summary of precedents for Gov- ernment product testing and publication of comparative and/or evalu- atory data on various brands of a product. A portion of this material is submitted as an appendix to my testimony for your ready reference. I won't take the time to read it here. You will note references to tests and evaluations done by one or another agency of the Federal Government on such important consumer products as hearing aids, batteries, tires, floor waxes, lamps, various building materials, wash- ing machines, detergents, home freezers, and others. The Senate study makes clear that these are only examples. The shortness of notice of this hearing today has not allowed me to search the files at Consumers Union for additional exampies they may contain. From memory, how- ever, subject to check of detail, I can add that the Bureau of Fisheries of the U.S. Department of Agriculture does tests on frozen fish products in consumer packages, at the behest of the producer and keeps the information for the use of the producer but does not make ft available to consumers even when asked to do so by Consumers Union, and that the U.S. Department of Agriculture has information on the effectiveness and toxicity of insecticides, that the Federal Drug Ad- ministration tests such important consumer products as clinical ther- mometers and condoms, that the laboratories of the quartermaster evaluate many consumer items of clothing and textiles, the Navy laboratories used to evaluate paints, detergents, and other consumer products and the General Services Administration and/or the National Bureau of Standards test many consumer products including tires, seat belts, brake fluids (seat belts and brake fluids have been trans- ferred to the new Department of Transportation and I have no idea what they will do about that) auto `antifreezes, batteries, and others. PAGENO="0015" 11 Would a search of the regulatory agencies reveal information on the comparative performance of companies whose activities they regu- late-information that would be of great value to prospective patrons of those companies? For example, is there information on the accident records of various transportation companies, railroad companies, air- lines, bus companies, and so forth? Do Government agencies have information on companies, by name, similar to the dossiers maintained by better business bureaus, of regular and persistent infractions of laws or regulations? My conclusion is that there is enough evidence to show that the agencies of the Federal Government now have and are presently equipped to get vast amounts of information which, if made available in proper form, would be of untold value to consumers and to the Nation. Proper form will, of course, depend on the subject and the kind and amount of information available. My experience in advising consumers tells me that the more specific the information the more useful it can be. The best information describes the characteristics that the consumer needs to know for the brands and models he encounters in the market- place, in simple enough form to make his choice easy and intelligent. And there are a number of products about which we already know the Government has enough information to do just this. Another form involves less specific, more general information about types or categories of products. For example, gas versus electrical ap- pliances, AM versus FM radio, alkyd oil paint versus water-soluble paints for interior and exterior use. Much of the consumer information now disseminated by the Federal Government is of this kind. But there is much more buried in the files of various agencies who don't think in terms of making it available to consumers or who don't recog- nize it as useful to consumers. There is also the care2 maintenance. safety-in-use kind of information, sometimes disseminated to con- sumers by Federal agencies, but often not. Because the information is at hand in a public document, it is pos- sible and I think useful, to examine in somewhat more detail what could be done in the case of one important consumer product to help the consumer by giving him information now obtained regularly by one Government agency. I refer to hearing aids and to the Senate report on the prices of hearing aids previously mentioned. Dr. Causey, a consultant to the Veterans' Administration, described the VA testing program: The Veterans' Administration issues more than 5,000 hearing aids every year. In the existir~g program, the Veterans' Administration submits to the National Bureau of Standards all makes and models of hearing aids obtained for testing purposes. The National Bureau of Standards tests each instrument for a number of electroacoustic factors and transmits the results to the Veterans' Administra- tión. Upon receipt, these data are subjected to statistical and comparative analy- sis. In the hearing-aid test program, no attempt has been made to set up specifi- cations. Actual performance Is emphasized in order that we may take advantage of the bearing.ald industry's continuing research and development activities toward providing better hearing for those individuals having hearing deficiencies. Only clinically acceptable hearing aids will be considered for these tests. Clini- cally unacceptability will be based on poor physical characteristics as related to use in a clinic situation or poor physical characteristics of an instrument as related to its use by the wearer. The raw scores obtained In each test item are treated and assigned weighing factors determined bya group of nationally recognized audiologists and physicists serving the Veterans' Administration on a consultant basis. PAGENO="0016" 12 Weighted scores obtained by the three hearing aids of each model are averaged for each test. The average score represents the performance of that model on each of the individual tests. The average weighted score on each of the tests are summed to give the measure of total performance achieved by the hearing aid model. This score is designated as the "quality point score." The committee report, summarizing some of the testimony, says: The VA tests are designed so that a point score of 100 will be the average performance of the total group. Hearing aids tested by the VA are broken down into three groups on the basis of power: mild, moderate, and strong. This classi- ficatory scheme is generally accepted throughout the industry. The 64 hearing aids tested by VA in 1961 showed the following quality spread: Power group Quality point lowest quality score of Quality point aid tested highest quality score of aid tested Mild Moderate 1 0 Strong 61 130 140 128 IThis score resulted from penalties assessed by VA for lack of quality uniformity. The next highest score in the moderate group was 66. Mr. KAPLAN. The table indicates that the mild hearing aids they tested varied in quality from a low of 54 to a high of 130. The moderate hearing aids varied from a quality point score of zero, which was assigned to some brands because of penalties for lack of quality control, to a quality point score of 140. The strong power group hearing aids varied from 61 to 128. In the mild category, the category in which the greatest number of hearing aids are sold to the general public, one hearing aid tested nearly 2½ times better than another in terms of quality performance. The report draws this conclusion: An ordinary citizen possessed of the Information available to the VA, as a result of its testing program, would be in a much better position to get the best buy for his dollar. He would be an informed consumer. Yet, this information is not now available to hearing aid consumers * * `~`~ The success of the VA program in increasing the level of knowledge about hearing aid quality and thereby substantially reducing prices, suggest the possibility that information could be made available to the general~ public so they, too, can enjoy the social and economic advantages of being well illforined about hearing aids currently on the market. I agree. It is clear that the brand and model information now available and kept up to date in the files of the VA requires only simple processing to improve the lot of hundreds of thousands of hard-of-hearing people and provide audiologists with information they need to permit them to prescribe intelligently. The potential * savings to the consumer, typically among the older members of the population and often the poorer ones, are also detailed in the report and are vast. I emphasize that the hearing aids material is an example of what we know is available in the files of the Federal agencies for many other consumer products. The need for getting it to the consumer is great, the wherewithal for many products is available, and the bene- fits to the individual consumer and to the Nation are large. All it takes is the will. As a committee of the Nation's legislators you will know how to muster this will. Should the Freedom of Information Act, to become effective next week, be interpreted or amended to allow such informa- PAGENO="0017" 13 tion as I have been discussing to be made public? Should your com- mittee ask the Federal agencies why they are not making this infor- mation public in line with the expressed conviction of two Presidents that the consumer has a right to be informed? Should your committee supplement your 1961 report on "Consumer Protection Activities of Federal Departments and Agencies" with another that lists product information now available, being obtained, or capable of being obtained with existing staff, expertise, and facilities that would be of benefit to consumers if made public in suitable form? There is precedent in the activities of other nations for the govern- ment to accept responsibility for getting information to the consumer about products and services not otherwise available. The Scandinavian countries publish brand name information based on tests in government laboratories. Many European countries require prior approval of a production safety before it may be marketed. England's Consumer Council is nearing completion of its interesting Tel-Tag program to inform consumers about the important proper- ties of a product by means of a label on the product. The International Standards Organization (ISO), and the IEC, (International Electrotechnical Commission) have undertaken a broad program dealing with consumer goods. There is a new and growing concern about the problems of the consumer. I hope our Government can find a way to increase its con- cern and I hope these comments have contributed a little toward making that possible. Mr. ROS1INTHAL. Your full statement together with the appendix will be printed at this point in the record. (The information referred to above follows:) PREPARED STATEMENT oi" Monnis KAPLAN, TECHNICAL DIRECTOR, CONSUMERS UNION My name is Morris Kaplan. I am technical director of Consumers Union of the United States, a nonprofit membership organization, incorporated under the laws of the State of New York in 1936. We publish the monthly magazine, Consumer Reports, and have a circulation approaching one and a quarter million copies per month. Our purposes are "to provide consumers with information and coun- sel on consumer goods and services * * * to give information, and assistance on all matters relating to the expenditure of the family income * * * and to initiate and to cooperate with individual and group efforts seeking to create and main- tain decent living standards." I am grateful to the committee for the opportunity you have offered me to present my views on the desirability of making available to the American con- sumer product information in the possession of the Federal Government. So that you may place these views in proper perspective, it may help you to know that I have been technical director at Consumers Union since 1946; that before that I spent 16 years in the Federal civil service doing research for the Navy Depart- ment and administering and working in laboratories of the Bureau of Customs, Alcohol Tax Unit and, happily, in the "dear, dead days beyond recall," the Bureau of Prohibition. One consequence of these associations was contact with the work of a number of Government organizations, both directly and through their pub- lications. It would seem that 5 years after President Kennedy's consumer message to Congress it would hardly be necessary to argue the consumer's need for infor- mation. It is true that some progress has been made to guarantee the consumer's right "to be protected against the marketing of goods hazardous to health or life." But more, much more, remains to be done. The market still has many haz- ardous electrical and mechanical products against which the consumer has no protection. It is also true that some advances have been made in giving the consumer "the facts he needs to make an informed choice"-the Government Printing Office's 88-533-68---2 PAGENO="0018" 14 Consumer Information Catalog lists some of the evidence. Consumer products from foods and clothing consisting almost entirely of synthetic materials to elec- tric drills and washing machines and color television sets that u~e solid-state corn- ponents, modern-day producers are taking advantage of our electronic and space age technology. In such a marketplace the consumer is an innocent ~ babe in the woods. He couldn't make a rational choice to save his life or even his economic well-being. The very fact that products last a long time and that the state of the art changes rapidly makes it impossible for him to build a body of experience to draw on when be has to make his next purchase. The consequences are not inconsequential. It has been estimated that if consumers purchased products on the basis of objectively determined values, savings of as much as 50 percent could be realized. Perhaps even more important is the role of an informed consumer in acting as a balance wheel to keep a free economy viable. Classical economic theory assumes an informed consumer, rewarding the producer of a better quality or equal quality but lower priced product and punishing his less competent competitor. Without good information about the product the consumer gives his patronage to the wrong producer. The reward goes to the clever advertiser, the ingenious packager, the wily "motivational" researcher, the most seductive credit plan and not to the most efficient producer of the best product. The consequences to our economy are waste of natural and human resources to the detriment of all. I do not want to leave the impression that the consumer's need for informa- tion is completely unsatIsfied. Much is available. Your own committee's studies, published in 1961, provide the most definitive descriptions of these activities. In addition, information is available from private publications such as our own Changing Times, the women's and so-called shelter magazines, the specialized product magazines dealing with photography, "hi-fl" equipment, automobiles, and others. Also disseminated but somewhat more biased is material from trade or- ganizations like the National Electrical Manufacturers Association, American Gas Association, and others. Advertising, whose avowed reason for being is to inform consumers about a product or service, fulfills this mission only occasion- ally, but rarely in a useful way for the consumer. And the word-of-mouth sharing of experience, though sometimes extremely effective, also often falls into the "old wives' tale" category-so a concerned con- sumer can never really know when to believe it and when not to. In sum, it seems clear that the gap between the demand for information and supply of it is large. Every day a new magazine joins the ranks of product information disseminators. Legislators say that their mail on consumer prob- lems is heavy and increased Government concern-manifested, among other ways in hearings like this-is evident. Many suggestions have been offered, both long term and short, for reducing the consumer's areas of ignorance about the products he buys. And this brings me to the heart of today's Inquiry. Many Government agencies have in their files, as a spinoff from their normal day-to-day activities, a great deal of information that would be directly useful to consumers. It is my belief that a systematic review of the activities of Govern- ment agencies for purposes of learning which of them develop information on consumer products by type and/or brand name would reveal a mine of such infor- mation which, when tapped, would prove of inestimable value in helping the consumer improve his buying effectiveness. My belief Is based on the tip of this iceberg we can see even now from a cursory survey of this kind that has already been done. In Senate Report 2216, "Price of Hearing Aids-Report of the Com- mittee on the Judiciary, 1962," appendix A contains a "Summary of Precedents for Government Product Testing and Publ1cati~n of Comparative and/or Eval- uatory Data on Various Brands of a Product." A portion of this material Is sub- mitted as an appendix to my testimony for your ready reference. You will note references to tests and evaluations done by one or another agency of the Federal Government on such important consumer products as hearing aids, batteries, tires, floor waxes, lamps, various building materials, washing machines, detergents, home freezers, and others. The Senate study makes clear that these are only examples. The shortness of notice of this hearing today has not allowed me to search the files of Consumers Union exhaustively for any additional examples it may contain. From memory, however, subject to check of detail, I can add that the Bureau of Fisheries of the U.S. Department of In- terior does tests on frozen fish j~roduots In consumer packages, that th~ U.S. Department of Agriculture has information on the effectiveness and toxicity of insecticides, that the Food and Drug Administration tests such important con- sumer products as clinical thermometers and condoms, that the laboratories of PAGENO="0019" 15 the Quartermaster evaluate many consumer items of clothing and textiles, the Navy laboratories used to evaluate paints, detergents, and other consumer prod- nets, and the General Services Administration and/or the National Bureau of Standards test many consumer products, including tires, seatbelts, brake fluids, and auto antifreezes. Would a search of the regulatory agencies reveal information on the competi- tive performance of companies whose activities they regulate-information that would be of great value to prospective patrons of those companies? For example, is there information in the accident records of various transportation companies, railroad companies, airlines, bus companies, and so forth? Do Government agen- cies have information on companies, by name, similar to the dossiers maintained by Better Business Bureaus, of regular and persistent infractions of laws or regulations? My conclusion is that there is enough evidence to show that the agencies of the Federal Government now have and are presently equipped to get vast amounts of information which, if made available in proper form, would be of untold value to consumers and to the Nation. Proper form will, of course, depend on the subject and the kind and amount of information available. My experience in advising consumers tells me that the more specific the information the more useful it can be. Thus, tIle best information describes the characteristics that the consumer needs to know for the brands and models he encounters in the marketplace, in simple enough form `to make his choice easy and intelligent. And there are `a number of `products about which we already kn'ow the Government has enough information to do just this. Another form involves less specific, more general information about types or categories of products (for example, gas versus electrical appliances, AM versus FM radio, alkyd oil paint versus' water- soluble paints for interior and exterior use). Much of the consumer information now disseminated by the Federal Government is of this kind. But there is much more buried in the files of various agencies who don't think in terms of making it available to consumers or who don't recognize it as useful to consumers. There is also the care, maintenance, safety-in-use kind of Information, sometimes dis- seminated to consumers by Federal agencies, but often not. Because the information is at hand in a public document it is possible, and I think usefuj, t~ examine in somewhat more detail what could be done in the ease `of one important consumer product `to help the consumer with information now obtained regularly by one Government agency. I refer to hearing aids `and to the Senate report on the prices of hearing aids previously mentioned. Dr. Oausey, a consultant to the Veterans' Administration, described the VA testing program: "The Veterans' Administration Issues more than 5,000 hearing aids every year * * ~`. In the existing program, the Veterans" Administration submits to the National Bureau of Standards all makes and models of hearing aids obtained for testing purposes * * *~ The National Bureau of Standards tests each instru- ment for a ntimber of electroacoustle factors and transmits the results to the Veterans' Administration. Upon receipt, these data are subjected to statistical and comparative analysis * * *. In the hearing-aid test program, no attempt has been made to set up specifications. Actual performance is emphasized in order that we may take advantage of the h~aring-ald Industry's continuing re- search and development activities toward providing better `hearing for those individuals having hearing deficiencies. "Only clinically acceptable hearing aids will be considered for these tests. Clinical unacceptability will be based on poor physical characteristics as related to use in a clinic situation or poor physical characteristics of an instrument as related to its use by the wearer. * * * * * * * "The raw scores obtained in each test item are treated and assigned weighting factors `determined by a group of nationally recognized audiologists and physicists serving the Veterans' Administration on a consultant basis. "Weighted scores obtained by the three hearing aids of each model are averaged for each test. The average score represents the performance of that model on each of the individual tests. The average weighted scores on each of the tests are summed to give the measure of total performance achieved by the hearing aid model. This score is designated as the `quality point score.'" The committee report, summarizing some of the testimony, says: "The VA tests are designed so that a point score of 100 will be the average performance of `the total group. PAGENO="0020" 16 "Hearing aids tested by the VA are broken down into three groups on the basis of power; mild, moderate, and strong. This classificatory scheme is generally accepted throughout the industry." The report draws this conclusion: "An ordinary citizen, possessed of the information available to the VA as a result of its testing program, would be in a much better position to get the best buy for his dollar. He would be an informed consumer. "Yet, this information is not now available to hearing aid consumers * * * the success of the VA program in increasing the level of knowledge about hearing aid quality and thereby substantially reducing prices, suggest the possibility that information could be made available to the general public so they, too, can enjoy the social and economic advantages of being well informed about hearing aids currently on the market." I agree. It is clear that the brand and model information now available and kept up-to-date in the files of the VA requires only simple processing to improve the lot of hundreds of thousands of hard-of-hearing people and provide audiol- ogists with information they need to permit them to prescribe intelligently. The potential savings to the consumer, typically among the older members of the population and often the poorer ones, are also detailed in the report and are vast. I emphasize that the hearing aids material is an example of what we know is available in the files of the Federal agencies for many other consumer products. The need for getting it to the consumer is great, the wherewithal for many prod- ucts is available and the benefits to the individual consumer and to the Nation at large. All it takes is the wilL As a committee of the Nation's legislators you will know how to muster this will. Should the Freedom of Information Act, to `become effective next week, be interpreted or amended to allow such information as I have `been discussing to be made public? Should your committee ask the Federal agencies why they are not making this information public in line with the expressed conviction of two Presidents that the consumer has a right to be informed? Should your corn- mittee supplement your 1961 report on Consumer Prote'ction Activities of Federal Departments and Agencies with another that lists product information now avail- able, being obtained, or capable of being obtained with exi'sting staff, expertise, and facilities that would be of benefit to consumers if made public in suitable form? The consumer needs your help. You have it In your power to give it to him at almost no cost. I hope you will. APPENDIx.-PRICES OF HEARING Ams, REi'oRl'oF TEE CoMMrrrin~ ox ~ JUDIOL&Ey, U.S. SENATE Persons interviewed were asked to identify areas in which results of tests performed by the Federal Goverament were published in such a way as to indi- cate the commercial, brands tested. They were also asked to identify areas in which comparative evaluation of commercial products was done. The following are the types of activities identified and examples of the prod- ucts involved: UNPUBLISHED TEST RESULTS 1. Comparative tests of different brandsof a product. Examples: (~) Hearing aids, done by the National Bureau of Standards for VA. (b) Batteries, done `by NBS for VA and the Coast Guard. (c) Tires, done `by NBS for the FBI. (d) Qualified products list testing. Qualified products list testing (QPL) is done by GSA, and by NBS on behalf of GSA, on products for which no method has `been devised for establishing a minimum standard. Included in this list of 38 products are oil filters, cellophane tape, flashlights, solder, paints, popup toasters, and other diverse products. In the case of hearing aid's, VA does its own comparative evaluation of the test results. NB'S provides only the raw data. In the case of batteries, `test results are correlated to a minimum standard of performance. In addition, batteries are ranked on the basis of test performance. In the case of tires, the different brands were both ranked and evaluated by NBS. 2. Tests done for the purpose of establishing minimum quality standards. GSA does such tests for a great variety of products, and commissions `such tests from NB'S, other Government agencies, and private testing organizations. PAGENO="0021" 17 The U.S. Department of Commerce does such testing, in conjunction with industry, for the purpose of establishing commodity standards. These commodity standards have been established in 450 different industries. They are done at the request of the industry in question. An example is the commodity standard for the clinical thermometer industry. Both GSA and USD0 publish the standards established, but not the results of the tests done in the process of setting the standard. In the case of GSA, standards are sometimes set so that the only product which meets them is the one which tests highest. In such a case, the standard itself constitutes an implied endorsement of a particular product. 3. Coded results of comparative tests. In a few cases whore QPL testing can- not be done entirely in the laboratory, GSA codes the results of tests in such a way as to disguise brand names so that the impartiality of field testers will not be influenced. An example is floor waxes. 4. Testing to determine which brands of a particular product conform to estab- lished minimum standards. Example: (~) Lamps, tested by NBS. PUBLISHED TEST RESULTS A. In pop~Zar pttblications 1. Comparative tests in which brands are indicated by code number, but described in such a way as to be easily identifiable by an informed reader. Examples: (~) Numerous NBS bulletins on the acoustical and fire resistance properties of building materials. (b) USDA tests on various shapes of plow blades. 2. Comparative tests of particular brands of products, done at the request of industry, the expenses of testing being paid by industry. Example: (~) Various tests on building materials done by NBS. 3. Comparative tests of the properties of a particular product, where the dif- ferent brands tested are identified by brand and manufacturer. Example: (~) Tests on various properties of safety eyeglasses, done by NBS. 4. Test of a single brand, not done at the industry's request, the results of which give an implied endorsement to the product tested. Examples: ~ Teflon, tested as a coating on plow blades by USDA. (b) Sevin, tested as an apple thinner by USDA. 5. Testing solely for consumer purposes, where the test results are not made public. Example: ~ The Consumer Research Division of USDA tests consumer products, e.g., washing machines, detergents,' and home freezers. Informative booklets on what to look for when buying are published, but test results are not given in any form. However, implied endorsements are sometimes made. B. In trade and technieai publications 1. Testing solely for consumer purposes. Results of USDA's consumer tests (described in (a)5, above) are sometimes made available in trade publications with the results coded. Particular brands are easily identified by informed readers. 2. Tests of a particular brand, not done at the request of industry. Actual endorsement given. Example: (~) Nicarbazin (Merck), prevents coccidiosis in chickens. 3. Comparative tests of branded products, not done at industry's request. Examples: (~) Six anticoccidial compounds, tested by USDA. (b) Preventatives of Eimeria tennella in chickens, tested by USDA. (0) Anthelmintics for swine, tested by USDA. Mr. ROSENTHAL. Thank you very much. Do you think that the Federal Government or any individual agen- cies have made any effort to disseminate the information they have currently in their files or in their possession? Mr. KAPLAN. Yes. I tried to indicate that some of the agencies do this. The U.S. Department of Agriculture has a history of working in this area. It started originally with an effort to make this informa- tion available to farmers, but clearly there are some kind of goods that farmers use that are used equally by nonfarming people, so this PAGENO="0022" 18 information has been published, is being published. The Newsletter service which I referred to in my testimony is one such form but there are many pamphlets they publish. Mr. ROSENTHAL. I think you indicated in your direct report that Agriculture used to do some testingand do some distributing of infor- mation, but they have suspended that. What did they do that they no longer do? Mr. KAPLAN. It used to be the practice-perhaps I have an example of one such publication. I did not bring them all but I brought one to show what used to be done. Excuse me, I didn't bring that one. It used to be a practice of the group which at that time was called the Home Ec- onomics Branch of the U.S. Department of Agriculture to test such products as refrigerators, washing machines, detergents, various items of clothing. Mr. ROSENTHAL. They did this presumably for the information of the farmer? Mr. KAPLAN. Yes, presumably for the information of farmers, but it was published more widely and the information included test results on particular brands of those products which were published in coded form, brand A, B, C, and t~. Anybody knowledgeable in the field could easily pick out the Frigidaire from the General Electric machine but most consumers had no such way of finding this out. The object here was to make it possible for consumers to buy somewhat more intelli- gently; such information as the kind of agitator and the amount of water consumed and things of this sort were described in the publi- cations so conSumers~ who read this would be able to ask intelligent. questions in the marketplace about )rodticth they were ~onsid~ring. This information is by now not being made available at all and not even being obtained to the best of my knowledge and the reason, as I said, was that there was a period a few years ago when criticism from industry which reflected itself ultimately in criticism from Congress- men put enough pressure on the administrator of the agency and also on the budget so that this kind of work was discontinued or at least seriously curtailed. Mr. ROSENTHAL. When did this suspension take place? Mr. KAPLAN. I don't have the details. My guess would be somewhere around 3,4, or 5 years ago. Mr. ROSEN~mAL. I am looking at a list of hazardous electrical prod- ucts on page 10 of the Senate hearings on establishment of a National Commission on Product Safety and it states that there are potential hazards by way of excessive leakage of current in some of the follow- ing items and I will just read them briefly: TV sets, table radios, port- able phonographs, home intercoms, hobby kits, clock radios, portable radios, automobile battery chargers, toasters, clothes driers, waffle irons, blenders, cofFeemakers, frying pans, griddies, saucepans, vapor- izers, and so forth. There are dozens of others: broilers, garage door openers, hair driers, oven ranges, electric toys. Do you know whether any Federal agency has information relating to safety standards on some of these types of products sold on the open market? Mr. KAPLAN. It would seem to me that the standards-the criteria for determining whether a product does or does not have an electrical hazard, are available generally in the Federal specifications. Every Federal spec I know that deals with this kind of information requires PAGENO="0023" 19 that there be no electrical leakage or alternatively that the product conform to Underwriters Laboratory standards. The information as to which particular brand conforms or does not conform may or may not be available in the Government files. It would depend on whether the product is on a qualified produet list, in which case the Government may very well have tested large numbers of brands on the market and know that some do or some do not conform. Mr. RO5ENmAL. Let us take another safety item. I am told that GSA specifications require that many or all electrical ~ppliances pur- chased for Federal `use have an elastic type of cord, a cord that con- tracts and expands when you pull it away from the product. Presum- ably this is a safety feature that the housewife would find useful in that a young child or adult could not pull accidentally on a long 3- or 4- or 5-foot cord hanging toward the floor. Do you know anything about this? Mr. KAPLAN. No, I am not familiar with that particular specifica- tion. Mr. ROSENTHAL. You mentioned very briefly the freedom of in- formation bill reported out of this committee which is going to become law next week. Do you see this as a vehicle for extracting from Govern- ment agencies consumer information that they presently possess? Mr. KAPLAN. I see this as a vehicle, but I also see many problems. The bill was passed with many exceptions. I haven't had an opportunity in the time available to read the interpretation that the Justice Department just published in the form of 41' pages of guidelines to Government agencies so I am not quite sure how effectively it will be possible to pry this kind of information out by means of the Freedom of Information Act. I can say that it is my wish, my htpe, that it would be possible to use that act and if the act as finally interpreted by the courts turns out not to be suitable for this purpose that Congress will amend the act to make it suitable for this ptirpose. It seems to me that this kind of information, as I said throughout my testimony, is vital, important, available, and should be made available to people at large. Mr. ROSENTHAL. Well, ~or example, one of the exceptions in the act is that trade secrets cannot be made public. You do not find anything inconsistent between the exclusion of trade secrets and disclosure of product safety information? Mr. KAPLAN. None at all. I believe that the information about the characteristics of. a product, which information is obtainable in the course of ordinary testing by anybody who has laboratory facilities available, does not constitute a trade secret. It is not a secret if it is readily obtainable through such means. I would argue that no informa- tion that the Government has that was obtained confidentially from manufacturers should be made public. But any information it could obtain in its own laboratories and information that it does obtain in its own laboratories would not in my view be considered under that exception as a trade secret. Mr. ROSENTHAL. In other words, what you are saying is that if the Government goes out in the open market and buys products and tests them, that that information could be made available. Confidential in- come taxes or something along those lines certainly could not be made public. PAGENO="0024" 20 Mr. KAPLAN. Yes, that would be my view. Every so often the Gov- ernment asks manufacturers to submit information on a confidential basis. Perhaps in Food and Drug certain formulas are made available on that basis. The understanding is that this information would not be made avail- able publicly or to its competitors. One might question the propriety of the Government's having to obtain information in that way. Perhaps it would be possible for the Government to obtain information by straightforward testing of. the product. But in any case, as things now stand, information is sometimes obtained that way and I would not argue that that information should be made available. Mr. ROSENTHAL. Would you speculate as to the number of products which any agency of the Federal Government has- test information on today that they could make available and that would be useful to the American consumer? Mr. KAPLAN. It would be pure speculation on the basis of the Senate committee's brief survey and on the basis of some of the additional things I know from my own experience. I would say they would prob- ably run into the dozens of such products where the information al- ready . exists in files. The publication put out by the Department of 4griculture 2 years ago. called Consumers All, their annual yearbook, contains a great deal of general information. There is more of that kind of information available in other agencies as well except the other agencies do not have a tradition of thinking in terms of consumer information and therefore do not put it out. Mr. ROSENTHAL. Does any agency have a tradition of thinking in termsof consumer information? Mr. KAPLAN.. To some -degree the Departmer~t of Agriculture does and has; but this is only to a limited degree. - Mr. ROSENTHAL. One last question. Take ballpoint pens. I would assume that GSA or some Government agency does make tests to find out all of the useful performance characteristics of ballpoint pens. Would you assume that too? Or do you know that to be so? Mr. KAPLAN. I believe that the Federal Government probably has a specification on ballpoint pens. In that specification they list the characteristics that they consider to be important in the purchase of- such an item. It would be my belief that those characteristics would be as valid-for a~i ordinary consumer as they are for the Government. Mr. ROSENTHAL. Let me read- a letter I received, which I think sup- ports the position you take. A -lady wrote to me as follows:- In these days of trouble my complaint may sound trivial but I believe it war- rants investigation. The -~ company- And she names the company-produces a 19 cent pen named- I will leave the name out- As a teacher I see children frequently using these pens. Unfortunately very often a perfectly good pen begins to leak for no apparent reason As a i esult clothing is ruined and of course the pen is thrown away without giving the consumer value for his money. Recently I bad such a pen in the pocket of my brandnew suit and it leaked. My suit jacket has been ruined. I asked the children if they have similar problems and the stories of ruined clothing overwhelmed and saddened i~e. A few years ago I wrote to the company and mentioned this problem. They apologized and said they couldn't do anything about this matter. This pen Is sold nationally and I am sure a million dollars worth of clothing i's damaged annually. PAGENO="0025" 21 If this problem were restricted to one pen in a million, I would overlook the matter as an unfortunate incident. However, this happens every day in my school. I am enclosing a sample of such pen. I would appreciate it if you could refer it to some committee that concerns itself with consumer protection and ask for some action to be taken against : I hope to hear from you soon and thank you- and so forth. I would assume that the Federal Government and we will ask this of GSA-conducts tests on pens like this. Assuming they have perform- ance information available relating to leakage, do you think it is their responsibility to tell the general public about it? Mr. KAPLAN. I would think that it is their responsibility or if it isn't, it should be made their responsibility to make available any con- sumer information they have that would be useful. The GSA would better be able to talk to this point than I, but it is my understanding that ballpoint pens would be bought on contract and bids and under those circumstances, the GSA would specify that the pens that they will ultimately accept must conform to certain specifica- tions and one of the specifications would include leakage, that is the absence of leakage. The people who bid on this contract would then have to demonstrate that products they are to deliver will in fact conform to that specifica- tion, but only those who are awarded the contract. So the GSA might not have information on this particular pen if the producer of it knows that it would never conform to GSA require- ments and so he might never submit a bid for this purpose. So GSA information on what is important in the ballpoint pen would be extremely valid but how a consumer could use this informa- tion for example if GSA said a ballpoint pen should not leak, this wouldn't help the consumer very much except that he might ask the seller does this ballpoint pen leak and the seller wouldn't know. So that kind of information-what the required properties are-may not be particularly helpful. That is the kind of information that the Government has mostly been publishing. Sometimes it is helpful. Sometimes it is possible to look at a product to determine whether or not it meets the requirements. Mr. ROSENTHAL. By looking at a ballpoint pen in a candy store, you can't tell if it will leak. Mr. KAPLAN. This is an example of the kind of product where the only way you could tell whether the.. product would be good or bad would be to test these products and report on them. The same is true of hearing aids. There is no way to tell by looking at a hearing aid how well it will perform. But the Government in the case of hearing aids already has information about this, having tested large numbers of them and there they don't have to say to the purchaser of a hearing aid "ask the dealer this question or that question." They merely have to look at the list and decide for themselves which one of these would meet their requirements because the information is now available. Mr. ROSENTHAL. Mr. Wydler? Mr. WYDLER. Mr. Kaplan. I found your testimony very interesting. I have used the Consumer Reports in my own life and I found it very helpful. I hope they are right. That is the only thing I don't know. I don't know how you judge- PAGENO="0026" 22 Mr. KAPLAN. It is our hope also. Mr. WYDLER. I don't know how you judge which product is the best, because that would probably be the next problem we have here. I am curious. Has your consumers Union, through the Consumers Reports, ever been sued by people for the information that you have published? Mr. KAPLAN. Yes. Mr. WrnLi~n. Is this frequent? Mr. KAPLAN. No, very infrequent. During the 21 years that I have been working for Consumers Union we have been sued some three or four times. The suits have never gotten to trial. During pretrial examination when we disclosed the evidence that we had on the basis of which we published our reports-the suit was either dropped or it was possible to agree with the producer that some face-saving statement in the magazine-face saving for him, in the two or three instances that I remember, would meet his needs. Mr. WYDLER. These were suits then, as I understand it, by manufac- turers. I am thinking of suits by individuals, consumers who had relied on the information and ratings that you had supplied and who felt that they had been misled or misdirected and were suing you for misleading them or giving them poor information. Mr. KAPLAN. No, we never had such a suit. Mr. WYDLEn. Not even any such suit instigated? Mr. KAPLAN. No. Mr. WYDLER. My wife has, been after me a l~t recently and maybe this will give me the perfect opportunity to solve this problem for her concerning the question of TV color sets and the possible radiation hazard that they have on people. Will you tell me what we know about this? She keeps asking me questions about this and says she read things that are very serious and is quite concerned, yet nobody in the Government seems to be doing anything about it. I am wondering what the seriousness of this problem might be. Mr. KAPLAN. Well, it isn't strictly true nobody in the Government is doing anything about it. Mr. WYDLER. Not quickly. Mr. KAPLAN. If you are referring specifically to the one instance, to the General Electric sets which were recently-in which General Elec- tric announced it had one chassis which was causing some trouble and it was having it repaired, if you refer specifically to that, then General Electric found this independently. The Public Health Service has done some testing to establish the seriousness of this hazard and found it not a very serious hazard ex- cept under very, very remote use conditions. It applied to a limited number of sets-we published a piece on this in the current issue-it applied to a limited number of sets. It applied only in a downward direction. Sets which were resting on the floor caused no problem at all because the penetration was very very little, an inch or so, and it was completely absorbed. Sets ofF the floor might present a minor problem for children or pets who put their feet under the set and thereby would be exposed to some of this but only a minor problem. It was for that reason, I think very commendably, that General Electric announced it was going to have each one of these sets repaired, PAGENO="0027" 23 but the Public Health Service was concerned and interested and con- suited in this matter. Mr. WYDLER. Are we talking about radiation from the set? Mr. KAPLAN. Yes. I assumed that is what you were referring to. It has `been in the news during the last month or so and a number of Congressmen have been very upset. What upsets me about the whole situation is not the particular hazard, which was very minor, but the fact that such a hazard could in fact occur in products that left the plant. The radiation problems with television sets have been known for many years. The Federal Communications Commission has set stand- ards and limits on this. Almost every set-in fact every set we have tested with the exception of General Electric's, conformed with these requirements. I wonder, and I guess we are all human and this could happen, I wonder how it would happen in a matter of this sort that a set designed in a company as large and as reputable as General Electric could get past the inspectors, the testers, the people whose responsibility it would be to review to see that all such matters were taken care of. Mr. WYDLER. This is most interesting to me because I happen to have a General Electric color television set and I happen tc~ have a dog whose favorite sleeping place is underneath the set. Mr. KAPLAN. I must add at once that it applies to a limited number of specified sets, sets that were manufactured-I don't remember the details. I think up to-well, from January to June of 1967, but I am not quite sure that that is the precise date. There is a limited period during which these sets were produced. Mr. WYDLER. My set is 3 or 4 years old. Mr. KAPLAN. I think you `have nothing to concern yourself with. Mr. WIDLRR. I was worried about the dog. (Laughter.) Mr. WYDLER. You mentioned earlier that some of the TV sets were lethal weapons. Was this what you were referring to? Mr. KAPLAN. No. This was fbi? one of the things. I want to make that completely clear. What we are concerned about is that in the course of our testing we found sets which by any reasonable criterion do not meet safety requirements. They would not meet the Underwriters Laboratories requirements for safety. What I mean by that is this: It is possible in the course of the normal use of this set to touch a portion of it and if, at the same time, you are touching any kind of ground-by ground I mean a metal radiator, a register of some sort, water pipe of some sort if you are touching that portion of the set and a ground simultaneously then either the full-line current, the 115 volts would be flowing through you, or a portion of the line current will be flowing through you. The full-line current can kill you. We have found a few such sets. No manu- facturer decides to manufacture such a set. He is not in the market of killing people. We think this most often occurs as a result of an accident, a blob of solder falls in the wrong place, a wire which is noi? properly dressed touches something that it was not designed to touch. When this occurs, some parts of the set become electrically live and we who buy our products in the open market in the same way as you buy them, we walk into a store and pick it up and have it delivered, not to Consumers Union but to a shopper's home who then delivers it PAGENO="0028" 24 to the Consumers Union. We have found a number of such products, not only television sets but the list which Congressman Rosenthal was referring to which present this kind of hazard. Mr. Wmr~rn. Just so I have it clear in my mind, when you say some- place you might touch, do you mean someplace in the front of the set? Mr. KAPLAN. It could be in the front or back of the set, an exposed area. For instance, some~ sets are so designed that the knobs come off with- out any trouble and if you have children you will know that this is not an uncommon phenomenon. When the knobs come off, the touching of the knob, thei metal shaft, maybe such a place. A properly designed set keeps that knob properly insulated. An improperly designed set or carelessly put together set will sometimes make. that knob electrically live. What concerns me is not that an occasional accident occurs m the factory which will permit such a set to get out, but that the manu- facturer doesn't routinely institute a procedure which would check every ~single set before it leaves the factory to insure that no such accident has ocôurred; It is possible todo that at almost no cost, corn- pletély automatically. A big bulb can go on or a great big bell can go on or the set can automatically be pushed off the assembly line if it has any such current leakage. I am talking about lethal hazards. In addition to that, it is a much more common phenomenon, and here producers very often design this into the set, to produce shock generating equipment, equipment which will produce a shock. I am not now referring to a tingle, I am referring to a quite substantial shock. Mr. WYDLER. I have bought some of those. Mr. KAPLAN. Anybody who wants to subject himself to 8 milliam- peres of current will realize what I am talking about. He will never buy another such set again. As I said yesterday to the Electronics Industry Association., perhaps even if one of those fellows bought one of these sets he would start to scream to his legislators that there ought to be a law to prevent such a set being on the market. In European countries, there is. Mr. Wxui~n. We are discussing here the possibility of turning over this Government information to consumers generally. You, for instance, in your testimony gave us these examples of the different ratings that the Government has made on hearing aids and how they have rated them and so forth. It is all very interesting, but the point is, it is not really of too much use to consumers without some types of cost information, is it? For example, it might not be very significant to find out that one hearing aid is some~hat better than another if you knew that one cost twice as much as the other. That would certainly be practically an indispensible part of the rating information, wouldn't it? Mr. KAPLAN. Let me make this clear: Whenever I discuss this kind of problem, the first reaction is everything is fine. The consumer doesn't really need this information. The second reaction is he needs much more than you can give him. What I am saying is I think that the integration of price and quality and service and all of the other things that a consumer buys when he buys a product would be ideal. But short of the ideal, taking existing PAGENO="0029" 25 information that is available, it would be of great benefit to you to know at least the quality ratings of these products and then for your- self to integrate how much additional quality you are willing to buy for how many additional dollars. The dollars are always available to you. You can always shop and know what dollar value is associated with what hearing aid. Now, if you have that information and if in addition you have the quality in- formation on the hearing aid, it would allow each consumer to decide for himself that this hearing aid is twice as good by this quality index as another and it costs twice as much and I want the best, so I am will- ing to pay twice as much. Or it costs only one and a half times as much and is a pretty good buy, or it costs four times as much and that extra quality isn't worth that much to me. Mr. WYDLER. Well, I am just saying it would seem to me we will have a struggle if we start to make this information available. We have to draw the line somewhere. We have to draw the rules and regulations somewhere. This is why I raised this whole point. This immediately seemed to become a problem. The final problem I would like you to touch on is the question of politics. What will happen with this, politically speaking? By that I am sure, for instance, if some company happens to be manufacturing a particular item in my district and is rated by the particular Government agency very poorly on something, the first thing that will happen will be they will send me a letter and want to see me and want to know why and how it is that I am allowing the Federal Government to mistreat them and misrepresent their product and so forth and so on and bring on me and every other Congressman involved tremendous pressure to do something about this that will require me and probably every other Congressman involved to go down to the agency and demand at least a review of what they have done and justification and possibly asking them to give you something to try to satisfy the constituent in the form of different wording or some- thing of this nature. I would tend to think this would become almost a commonplace problem, wouldn't it? Mr. KAPLAN. Well, I don't hold myself up as an expert on politics but I have been around a few years and let me say a few things on this point. One, pressures on politicians come from a variety of sources. I assume politicians weigh the amount and kind of pressure they are subjected to and they react in part on who pressures and how hard. Pressure can and should come from coi~sumers as well. So it seems to me that the more discussion there is of this, the more aware con- sumers become of what it is possible for them to have. I think here Congressmen should take some leadership. The more they become aware of this, the more pressure they wifl supply for this information as counterpressure to the producers problem of saying this is hurting my business. The second thing I would like to say about this is that I never in my wildest dreams would `have imagined that the Senate and the House would have passed safety legislation of the kind it did. If anybody asked me 3 years ago, "Is this possible?" I would have said that it is politically impossible. One couldn't conceive of such a thing happening, practically the largest industry in our Nation being PAGENO="0030" 26 subjected to this kind of very stringent and quite good regulation on safety didn't seem feasible to me. Yet it was possible. So I assume if it is possible to do it in the auto industry with what- ever big pressures they were able to exert on their legislators and others, and this auto industry, as I nr4erstand it, constitutes a seventh of our gross national product, it should be possible to do it in the food industry, the television industry, the appliance industry and many, many other areas provided it is done fairly providing it meets the needs of the people. Mr. WYDLER. Thank you. Mr. ROSENTfl~AL. Mr. Myers? Mr. MyERS. Thank you, Mr. Chairman. Mr. Kaplan, one advantage to going last is most of your questions get answered, but one thing I arrived at, I had pressure at our house for a color TV set. You provide me with more amplification so I guess I will talk my family out of it now. I have been quite interested also in this Consumers Union and Con- sumer Reports. Did I understand you, you just go out and purchase a line item from some store someplace? Mr. KAPr~u~. Yes. Mr. Mr~ns. How could you decide, do you have a board or do you yourself decide how you select these? Mr. I~APLAN. You mean which product shall we undertake to evalu- ate? We have a committee in the organization called our operations committee that meets quite regularly and decided what program we shall engage in. We test some 60 or 70 such types of products every year. Mr. M~sns. Does your income cOme all from the sale of this Con- sumer Reports? Mr. KAPLAN. Solely from the sale ~f our publications. Mostly Con- sumer Reports. Occasionally we publish a small booklet or book. Mr. MyERS. A Federal agency or someone else may not employ you, then, to do research for them? Has this ever happened? Mr. KAPLAN. We have received requests from a number of Federal agencies to do this kind of work from time to time. Generally we have turned them down. On rare occasions we have offered our services free of charge because we are a public service organization to help a particular agency where we had a particular expertise and where the amount and time, amount of effort and time involved was not excessive. Our big problem is that we are not prepared to undertake a grant program and expand our facilities to do this. At least we haven't been up until now. So most of our work is done in terms of our own understanding of consumer needs. That takes up a great deal of time and effort. But there have been recent proposals. As you know, Donald Turner has proposed that perhaps the Government ought to be interested either in supporting Consumers Union with grants of money so it could improve its product testing and disseminate far more widely and more broadly or perhaps the Government itself ought to set up a similar organization. We have viewed such proposals with interest, but nobody has really made us a concrete offer. I am not quite sure how our board of' directors would react to this. Our board of directors are elected non- paid officials. Elected by the membership. Anybody who joins the' organization has the right to be a member. PAGENO="0031" 27 Mr. MYERS. You spoke about the various agencies of the Federal Government having information that the public should have. I don't believe you went into how this information shonid get to the public. Would it be through your organization or a similar organization? How would you get this information to the public? Mr. KAPLAN. There are many ways. I wasn't thinking of getting it to the public through our organization. I was hoping the Government would, through its own means, disseminate it by means of some Govern- ment publication. Mr. MYEnS. This would be competition with you, then; wouldn't it? Mr. KAPLAN. Oh, yes. Well, let's say supplementary to us because there are far more than 60 or 70 products that people are interested in, and we can't get back to the same product as often as we would like, so if the Government did stuff on television we would let them do it and go On to something else. As it happens, we had to do a report on hearing aids which cost us $25,000 and 6 months of time because the Government information wasn't available, although it was all there in the files and all we did was repeat what the Government had done, and probably not quite as well. Mr. M~Es. I believe the chairman asked, and I wasn't sure about your answer, if you think this is the responsibility of Government to give this information out or provide it. Mr. KAPLAN. Yes, I think it is the responsibility of the Government to help the people in every way it possibly can, and this seems to be an enormous way of helping people. Mr. MYERS. Do you mean as a spinoff or as a direct responsibility that the Government should go out into research? Mr. KAPLAN. I would say both would be my view. Your particular concern at the moment is the possibility of making existing information available and I say there is plenty of that to do. If you got started on that you would have lots of information. It would be my view we ought to go beyond that and develop new information and publish that as well. Mr. MYERS. You really want the Government, then, to provide this information even though specifications quite often in our Government would be extremely different from that of the general consuming public. It could be both extremes. Mr. KAPLAN. To the extent they are different they shouldn't be public. To the extent they are the same, they should be. Mr. M~s. How will the public accept this? Say a requirement from NASA that some particular radio is going to be used quite different than any general public, but the general public sees NASA use this radio, it must be good. Don't you think there is danger there? Mr. KAPLAN. I have not made myself clear. I am not suggesting that everything the Government buys should be published by brand name. What I am suggesting is that if the Government buys products and has information about products on the market of a kind that will be the same kind of product used in the same way by consumers, then that information should be available. I am not interested in making the brand of missile information available. Mr. My~its. Very few people buy missiles, or specialized radios. Mr. KAPLAN. Or a whole variety of things that the Government buys that is of no interest to consumers. But I am saying there is a PAGENO="0032" 28 large body of material that the Government buys that is of direct in- terest to consumers. It is identical. I use as an example hearing aids and tires and batteries. Now, it is true the Government may buy truck tires and specialized kinds of tires. That information need not be made available. But the Government also buys ordinary automobile tires of the kind you use on your car. That information should be available. Why not? It knows which tires are better than which. Or, let us put it another way, more simply. It knows the characteristics of certain kinds of tires. It knows some tires will have tread wear twice that of another. That information is useful. It knows that some tires are safe and others ar~ less safe, or safe under certain conditions of use If you have high speed driving, per- haps one tire is better than another. That information properly quali- fied should be made available for people to use in the same way the Government uses it. Mr. Mm~s. I don't know anything about tires except that they ~o flat once in a while, but I am sure there are a lot of differences in tires. Now, a tire they will use at the Indianapolis 500 is fine, out there at 100 or 200 miles an hour, but it wouldn't necessarily be good for an Army truck operating in different climates. There is `so much dif- ference. How will you arrive at all this? Mr. KAPLAN. Apparently I haven't made myself clear. Let me try again. The Government buys tires, let's say, for the Indianapolis Race- way or for military trucks. It also buys tires for automobiles to be used around the District and to be used in New York and Oklahoma somewhere. Mr. MYERS. At turnpike speeds? Mr. KAPLAN. Ordinary cars to be used for delivering mail, carrying officials from one place to another, to be used hi any kind of ordinary Government business. Those uses are not very different from my uses and yours. The requirements of those tires are identical to the re- quirements you would have for a tire. In fact, we use them in our tests as precise examples of what we think consumers should have in tires. When the Government buys tires for such uses, and they have the information as to the characteristics of those tires, it is my view that that information specified as to the kind of use should be made available. Mr. MYERs~ What worries me is the responsibility of accuracy. What time we.re you invited to the meeting this morning.? Mr. KAPLAN. Ten o'clock. Mr. MYEns. I am on the committee and the Government agency, the committee sent by notice for 10:30. These are one of the things that worries me about the Government doing anything in this area. We are not too accurate. Mr. ROSENTHAL. You know we ought to have the record straight. When were these notices sent out? Mr. BARASH. Last Friday. Mr. ROSENTHAL. They were sent last Friday. Mr. M~rcas. At 10:30 a.m., this worries me. Mr. KAPLAN. I make only this point: We can all make mistakes and if we were concerned about the possibility that every action is' fraught with the possibility of making a mistake, we would be para- lyzecl. The fact is that. in every `single day of our lives we, make deci-, PAGENO="0033" 29 sions in spite of the possibility that these decisions could be wrong I would hope for proper safeguards. We have been in the testing business and putting our necks on the line every single month for 31 years. That is a lot of brands and models over those years. We test thousands every single year. We have the possibility of making a mistake, too. Mr. Myrns. But I hate to lean on the big Government for too much. This worries me. Mr. KAPLAN. I would hope the people are intelligent enough Mr. Mn~Rs. You talked about the hearing aids and I am sure that probably the requirement for a person 85 for a hearing aid would be entirely different from a person of 25, but you mentioned the VA Last Sunday I spent several hours with Mr. Brickfield who is the, Deputy Administrator and Dr Bounds, who has some responsibility in the medical area, and we spoke of this very thing, not hearing aids, but how they get information that they learn and they gave me nu- merous examples of how they turn out documents or letters and speeches and other materials go out to all the doctors and numerous writings and they seem to be putting out as much as they know how to get information out of what they have learned; merely apprising, not suggesting they do this, but just saying what they have done. Mr. KAPLAN. The VA does very well with many prosthetic devices. What I am suggesting is, they could do a great deal better in a very simple, direct, effective way. All they need is a directive to do this; that is, publish information they already have by brand and name. They have tested the ABC hearing aid and FGH hearing aid, and XYZ hearing aid. They have information. They tested it in a most reliable way. The industry accepts the methods and the test results. The Government spends hundreds of thousands of dollars based on this information in spite of the possibility of error. This information should also be made available to your constituent who has to spend his $200 or $300 or $400 for a hearing aid and who sometimes buys the one that gets a zero score when he should be buying the one that gets a 150 score. Mr. Mi~iis. I quite agree with you that the taxpayers are paying for this through our Federal Government and State and local govern- ments and we should offer the experience we have learned. This is true, but what worries me is where we stop. We are not in the endorsing business and this is what we should be very careful we do not get in, the endorsement policy, and it is a very delicate area, it seems to me, where you stop in responsibility. Mr. KAPLAN. I agree. . This takes me to the same point. Just because itis delicate or difficult is no reason for not starting in this direction, seeing what mistakes we make, pulling back, if necessary. If we take the view it is difficult and therefore let's not start it, we paralyze ourselves to do all kinds of things. It is extremely difficult and nobody knows these difficulties more than I do because I worked in this area a long, long time. As I say, we put our neck on the line every time we publish. General Electric and Frigidaire and General Motors, and Du Pont and all of the big companies of our country have the opportunity to chop it off every time we say their products are bad. Yet we act this way because we think it is essential to do this. We act as fairly and as well as we 88-533-68---3 PAGENO="0034" 30 possibly can. Nobody can ever accuse us of not doing the best job one can under these circumstances even though we have made mistakes on occasion.. Mr. MYERs. One more question. Do you think the Government should, if we experience a problem, say, with a particular radio of RCA Corp. or XYZ Corp. or any other that the Federal Government should say "This is not a good product," or do you think we should say, "Well, these are the requirements we have learned to be best. A nine-transistor radio is better than a six," for instance. Mr. `KAPLAN. I would say~ two things. If it is possible to generalize, and in certain' areas it is possible, then `the Government should do so. The one you `gave is not ~a good example. A nine-transistor radio is not better than a six.' The thing to say is precisely that.. Don't buy on. the basis of the number of transistors. Don't buy on the basiS of size. These are things you can say on the basis of a great deal of experience and anybody who has tested radios-and if the GSA buys radios its testers know this and can verify it. But there are certain other areas where it is possible to generalize. You can say certain things about the characteristics of an AM radio as opposed to FM. I would say that much and where I could not say any more, that would' be helpful. I would go beyond that. If I knew that a particular RCA set or GE set or whatever had a certain defi- ciency, I would report that fact. Mr. MYERS. By brand name? Mr. ~KAPLAN. I would report the fact. I would say if there is a rou- tine mechanism for `doing it, if it is a fair procedure, if you are not seeking out RCA `and the system is such that anybody's `brand has an equal' opportunity of being reported that way, then I see no reason why you should not say it. I again refer to the VA hearing aids as an example of a fair procedure, all the hearing aids are tested, all subjected to the same procedures, they are all subject to the same degree of competence of the Bureau of Standards. What the findings are should be reported. If one turns out to be an electrical hazard or if one turns out to be a hearing aid that would not last more than a week or if one turns out to be completely unsuitable on clinical and medical grounds, then that fact, along with the fact that others do meet the requirements, should be reported. Next week or next month that producer is going to change his product to the point where it now meets the requirements or else he will go out of business. In either case, the general public welfare has been well served. Either he has improved his product or has gone out of business. I submit this is precisely the way things should work. They cannot work that way unless the consumer has the facts. If he does not have the facts, he will buy that very poor hearing aid because he does not know any better. Mr. My~s. Thank you. Mr. ROSENTHAL. Thank you very much, Mr. Kaplan. Our next witness is Commissioner H. A. Abersfeller. Thank you very much for coming here. We appreciate the opportu- nity to have you appear before the committee. I believe you have a prepared statement and we would ~appreciate it if you went right ahead. PAGENO="0035" 31 STATEMENT OF COMMISSIONER HEINZ A. ABE~KSPELIIER, FEDERAL SUPPLY S~ERVIOE~ GENERAL SERVICES ADMINISTRATION; AC- COMPANIED BY GEORGE W. BITTER, ASSISTANT COMMISSIONER FOR STANDARDS AND QUALITY CONTROL; AND CHARLES TRAVIS, DIRECTOR, STANDARDS DIVISION Mr. ABERSPELLER. Fine, Mr. Chairman and members of the subcommittee, I am Heinz A. Abersfeller, Commissioner, Federal Supply Service, and I have with me Mr. George W. Ritter, Assistant Commissioner for Standards and Quality `Control. On my left, Mr. Charles Travis, Director of Our Standardization Division. On behalf of the Administrator of General Services, Lawson B. Knott, Jr., who has asked me to represent him at this heai4ng, I' wish to express my' ap~reciati'on for the opportunity afforded by, your letter of June 15, 1~67, to Outline our program for the ievelopment of FM- Oral specifications and standards.' GSA, in its capacity as a supplier of items to meet the needs of Federal agencies, administers the Federal specifications and standards program. This includes the' development and maintenance of Federal specifications and standards for items which we buy and the assignment of responsibility on a prOject basis to other agencies for the development of Federal specificathms and standards commensurate with their technical competence and capac- ity to perform this function. Approximately 40 percent of the 5,000 existing specifications were developed by GSA. The other 60 percent were developed' by other civil agencies and the Department of Defense. Specifications are generally developed by initially establishing de- sired performance characteristics. Test methods are then developed by which the stated performance characteristics can be verified. Sub- sequent to the development of these draft specifications, producers and Government users arO consulted, differences, if any, are resOlved and the specification is then issued in final form. At this point it is important to point out that Federal specifications are of little or no value `to the Federal Government unless accompanied by the ability to test the products involved to assure compliance with the re- quirements of the specification. Since testing is so essential to Fed~- eral procurement we believe that Federal `specifications per se are of little or no' value to consumers who generally cannot buy the products involved simply to test them. This line of reasoning leads to the conclusion that those consumers interested in quality rather than price must lean heavily oil industry, manufacturers' and dealers' certification of compliance for products, preferably by citing as many do that an item meets or exceeds a Fed- eral specification, an ASTM standard of other specification. We have noted on repeated occasions that manufacturers and distributors rely on this method in guiding the consumer. A good case in point is our recently published specification for safety standards. Automobile manufacturers have advertised that the vehicles they produce meet these standards and of course our testing and inspection procedures have verified this insofar as Government procurements are cOncerned. Mr. Chairman, we wish to assure you and members of the com- mittee, that it is our desire to cooperate with this subcommittee in every possible way to the extent of our capabilities and resources. In PAGENO="0036" 32 fact, if the subcommittee wishes to select a few specific items, we would be pleased to review the applicable specification ease folders and pro- vide any available data we have which we feel would be of assistance. Mr. Chairman, this concludes my prepared statement. My asso- ciates and I would be pleased to answer any questions you or mem- bers of the subcommittee may have. Mr. ROSENTHAL. How many items that the Federal Government purchases and tests would you say are similar items that the private consumer purchases? Mr. ABERSFELLER. About a thousand items. Mr. ROSENTHAL. And considerable expense and expertise and scien- tific knowledge goes into the testing of these items before the Govern- ment either draws the specifications or makes the purchase? Mr. ABERSFELLER. Well, considerable expense goes in at a point in time. It varies. We may test them as an exan~ple or provide for test methods after we develop a specification in initial draft stages. Mr. ROSENTHAL. Wouldn't it be useful to the American consumer if some of the knowledge and expertise you have were made avail- able to him in some form? Mr. A13ERSFELLER. We agree that the consumer needs more informa- tion. Our problem here is the form that this should take in terms of what we could provide. As Mr. Kaplan stated, there is no question but what we could set forth for these roughly thousand items the specific requirements a consumer should. look for. Unfortunately that, in my view, isn't enough. The consumer must have some assurance by way of certifica- tion, his own ability th test or his own book of knowledge of experi- ence to be certain the product he buys does possess the characteris- tics. It is the form in which this information might take that is dif- ficult to conceive. Mr. ROSENTHAL. In other' words you are sympathetic to the pro- gram of making the information available. You have trouble deter- mining in what form it should be done. Mr. ABERSFELLER. Yes. Simply to add on to that whether there is in fact meaningful information which might be made available By way of example let me point out that we do pretest, as Mr. Kaplan indicated, such things as antifreeze and other items that we place on qualified-products lists. In the first instance, these are not representative' of the total products available. We simply test those which producers submit to us since they must pay a charge for this kind of test and presumably it is only for those that desire to do busi- ness with the Federal Government, which is not necessarily all the producers of a given product. These are available to the public. Un- fortunately the problem we face is how does the public know they are available. ` We get back again to the GPO catalog and how many people sub- scribe to that and really have knowledge of its availability. The qual- ified-product lists are available to anyone who wants a copy. Yet that is not all-encompassing. I can't say as an example of the four or five producers who qualified on antifreeze that they are the only ones with a good product. I am willing to say, of those we have tested, that they have a good product. PAGENO="0037" 33 Mr ROSENTHAL How much would you say that the GSA spends a year on testing consumer-related products such as tires, antifreeze~ pencils, pens, things of that type? Mr. ABERSFELLER. We don't have a precise figure. I would suspect in the ball park of three-quarters of a million dollars. Mr. ROSENTHAL. And if we could overcome the doubts as to the type or the method of making this information available, why couldn't we begin a pilot program on some half dozen or a dozen products and let the public have the performance information that you have? Mr. ABERSPELLER. Well, again Mr. Chairman the information we have is not as finite as representing that this product or that product is bettei than the other, except in those instances where we have gone through. te~ting for a qualified-products list. Certainly there is no objection on our part to making th'tt informa bon available It is available now We have rougi~ly a hundred of these QPL's that could be made available Mr ROSFIN THAL GSA, for example, finds five antifreezes satisfac tory for use in automobiles What is wrong with making that in formation available? Mr. ABERSFELLER. Nothing. It is now available to anyone who chooses to buy it. It is available under our regular specifications dis- tribution program. In that particular case, in the case of antifreeze, there are four firms that have qualified under antifreeze, ethylene gly- col inhibitive type 2. Mr. ROSENTHAL. That information is in the public domain? Mr. ABERSPELLER. Yes, sir. Mr. ROSENTHAL. If someone, for example, in the President's Com- mittee on Consumer Interests, wanted to polish the presentation of that up and put it out in a small booklet form for consumers you would make it available? Mr. ABERSPELLER. Absolutely. Mr. ROSENTHAL. On what other such items do you think this could be accomplished? Mr. ABERSFELLER. We have quite a range of items starting with antifreeze, batteries, sawblades, brushes, blasting caps, material clamps, and so forth. Let me explain why we have qualified products lists, Mr. Chairman. These are for items for which the normal testing time prior to accept- ance is too long for the Government to tolerate doing business with the private sector of the economy, neither can the private sector of the eco- nomy stand the length of time it would take to test the item to deter- mine whether it is what we wanted or not. We set up these lists and the only people who can get a contract on Government business are represented on those lists. Mr. ROSEN~rHAL. YOur agency does have a wealth of material and in- formation that could be of use to the consumer. We are in agreement there. Mr. ABERSFELLER. We have certainly the qualified products list which would be of help, yes. Mr. ROSENTHAL: Do you know that you are the only agency in the Federal Government with knowledge of use to consumers that has no publication of any kind identified on behalf of the consumer interest? Mr. ABERSFELLER. I didn't know that, but it may well be~ PAGENO="0038" 34 Mr. ROSENTHAL. That fact is coutained in the final report of the Interdepartmental Study Group for Consumer Staud~rds, dated October 27, 1965. What distresses me particularly is that you probably ha~e m~re in- formation useful `to consumers than anyone else and yet you are the oniy agency that doesn't seem to have the thrust or `the spirit of trying to be of some use to the consumer. I concede that is not your main mis- sion, but as Mr. Kaplan said, there is a spin-off of information avail- able from `the work you do that with virtually no cost and only a modest effort could be made available to the general public. Isn't there some way we could start to do that? Mr. AEERSFELLER. Mr. Chairman, tbere very definitely is. This gets to the heart of the point we are talking about. This is setting forth for the GSA such a program which is not now ~ part of our program. The types of things you talk about certainly are well within the realm of accomplishment. Especially by assembling these QPL's and making them available to consumers in a bound volume of some kind. This takes money and we are not prepared to handle it. If we have the mandate from the Congress to get into this kind of action and are pro- vided with the necessary resources, yes, sir,, it can be done. Mr. ROSENTHAL. Let me take the area of safety. I am told that in your specifications for electrical appliances, coffeemakers, that you insist the specification require an elastic electrical cord, the kind that pulls back between the socket and appliance. It prevents a dangling 3 or 4 feet of electric cord. The kind of thing youngsters would pull at if the cord were hanging over the kitchen table. Why can't we make that important information available to the consumer so he could look for that kind of cord when he buys an elec- tric percolator? Mr. ABERSPELLER. I don't know that we do that on all of our elec- trical appliances. Mr. TRAVIS. There is a standard that applies to all the cords for the appliances. The trend has been toward the retractable type. This doesn't mean there won't be applications for the nonretractable type depending upon the location of the device and its relationship to the outlet in the wall, for example. Mr. ROSENTHAL. If the Federal Government without children wor- ries about that, the American housewife should be especially worried about it and she should know that the Federal Government is so con- cerned that they won't buy anything without a retractable cord and maybe that is a good example for her to follow. If that information were made available to the public, you would be rendering a service based on information you now have and with `little extra cost of any kind. Mr. ABERSFELLER. In that particular instance and I am not knowl- edgeable of the background as to why we establish such a standard, but let me say this-I think Mr. Wydler mentioned it earlier-these things don't go unchallenged by the industry. The actions we take have a subtle impact and while this may for some particular reason rrieet the Federal Government's requirements, I am not prepared to say that straight cords or those without that characteristic are in fact in- herently unsafe. `Mr. ROSENTHAL. They may not be inherently unsafe~ but the Injury Control Center of the Public Health Service reports that 35~OOO per- PAGENO="0039" 33 Sons were injured last year by pufling cords of electrical appliances. That is a matter of public concern. That is a matter we should all think about. If you are worried only about industry's reaction to that, we don't have our eye on the ball. Mr. ABERSPELLER. I am not concerned about industry reaction if I am right. I need to have enough research to be certain that we are prov- ing a point. Mr. ROSENTHAL. One and one make two. Thirty-five thousand per- sons are injured each year by pulling cords of electrical appliances. GSA. doesn't buy anything without a retractable cord. and you just look aside and say "we won't tell anybody about it." That doesn't make sense. Mr. ABERSPELLER. Is it true we don't buy anything that doesn't have a retractable cord? Mr. Ti~&vis. I don't have the specifications here. Mr. ABERSPELLER. I don't think that is so, but I will examine it. In any event, I think we would agree that retractable cords as a general thing at least in logic as I analyze it would be better than cords that weren't retractable, but certainly we could examine this further to determine whether this is in fact something that would be helpful to the consumer, again provided we had the resources to apply to that particular aspect. (Subsequently the following information was received for the record:) GENERAL SERVICES ADMINISTRATION, Washington, D.C., July 21, 1967. Ron. BENJAMIN S. ROSENTHAL, Chairman, Special Inquiry on Consumer Representation in `the Federal Govern- ment, Special Studies S'u~bcommittee, Committee on Government Operations, Honse of Representatives, Washington, D.C. DEAR Mn. ROSENTHAL: In the hearings held by your subcommittee on June 27, 1967, inquiries were made as to the policy of the General Services Administration with regard to the procurement of coiled cords on small electrical appliances and wringer-type washing machines. We are pleased to provide information on both of these items for the record. A review of Federal specifications for small electrical appliances reveals that in no case do we require the use of coiled cords. The specifications require, in general, that the cords must be a minimum of 6 feet long; be of three conductor construction (the third conductor is the grounding conductor); and be equipped with a standard 125-volt, 15-ampere, 3-prong male plug connector. The' cord and the connecter must comply with the `applicable standard of the Underwriters' Laboratories, Inc. In connection with the use of coiled cords, our examination revealed that this type of cord has never been adopted as standard by the small appliance industry, and its cost is approximately 11/2 times that of the standard cord. As a result of the discussion in the hearings `of the requirement that coiled cords be used in coffeemakers purchased by the Government, a detailed analysis was made of Federal Specification GG-4J-531b under which `coffeemakers are purchased. This specification requires the use of an HSJ flexible' heater cord with a minimum length `of 31/2 feet. The HSJ designation `of the cord is an Under- writers' code specifying a cord used with appliances containing heating elements and is insulated specially for that purpose. The term "flexible" means not that the cord is coiled cord but is flexible in contrast to rigid conduit. With regard to the inquiry on washing machines, Interim Federal Specification O0-W--00860b (GSA-FSS), dated November 10, 1966, covers four types `of washing machines; wringer, `semiautomatic, automatic, and a combination washer-dryer. Government `agencies may requisition any of the types of washing machines covered by the specification which most adequately meet their individual needs. PAGENO="0040" 36 During fiscal year 1967, the Geperal Services Administration procured 2,355 wringer-type washing machines for delivery to military activities overseas. It is a pleasure to supply this information to your subcommittee. Sincerely yours, LAWSON B. KNcYrT, Jr., Administrator. Mr. ROSENTHAL. The mothers of the 35,000 injured children are very unhappy you didn't have the resources to tell them about this. Now, another item, a safety item: Do you know whether GSA specifications permit you to buy wringer-type washing machines? Mr. ABERSFELtER. No, I don't. Charles, do you? Mr. TnAvis. There was a provision for a wringer washing machine. Again, this is one we don't have a copy of the spec with us. Mr. ROSENTHAL. Do we have that spec? Mr. BARASH. Not that particular spec. Mr. ABERSFELLER. We can examine that and provide it for the recOrd. (Information from the specification concerning only the wringer washing machine follows:) O0-W-0086b (GSA-FSS) November 10, 1966 SUPERSEDING mt. Fed. Spec. 0O-W-00860a (GSA-FSS) May 3, 1963 INTERIM FEDERAL SPECIFICATIONS WASHING MACHINE, HOUSEHOLD LAUNDRY, POWER OPERATED; AND DRYING TUMBLER, HOUSEHOLD LAUNDRY (ELECTRIC OR GAS) ; AND WASHER-DRYER (COMBINED), HOUSE- HOLD LAUNDRY This Interim Federal Specification was developed by the General Services Administration, Federal Supply Service, Standardization Division, Washington, D.C., 20406, b:ased upon currently available technical information. It is recoin- mended that Federal agencies use it in procurement `and forward recommenda- tions for changes to the preparing activity at the address shown above. Underwriters Laboratories, Inc. (UL) standard UL 560. Home-Laundry Equipment. (Application for copies should be addressed to the Underwriters Laboratories, Inc., 207 East Ohio Street, Chicago, IlL 60611) Technical society and technical associatioii specifications and standards are generally available for reference from libraries. They are also distributed among technical groups and: using Federal agencies. 3. REQUIREMENTS. 3.1 Label of Underwriters Laboratories, Inc-The contractor shall submit to the contracting agency proof that the machine he proposes to supply under this specification conforms to the requirements of the UnderWriters Laboratories, Inc., Standard No. 560. Home Laundry Equipment. The label of the Underwriters Laboratories, Inc., may be `accepted as evidence that the machine conforms to this requirement. In lieu of the label, the contractor may submit independent proof, satisfactory to the contracting agency, that the machine conforms to the appli- cable requirements of the published standard, including methods of tests of the Underwriters Laboratories, Inc., Standard No. 560. * * * * * * * 3.15 Type I, class 1.-The type I, class 1 wringer washing machine (figure 1) shall wash a minimum of 8 pounds of clothes in a single load. The machine shall be equipped with a timer that shall `automatically stop the machine when Washing is completed. The wringer shall wring the clothes to a damp dry state when put through the wringer after washing is completed. The machine shall be equipped with casters for ease in moving the appliance. PAGENO="0041" 37 3.15.1. Plumbing requiremenf~.-The wringer washing machine shall be of the type filled manually and shall have a drain outlet from which the tub is to be drained. The drain hose shall comply with 3.14.1. The appliance shall have either a pump or a gravity drain as specified. (See 6.2.) 315.1.2. Electrical requirement$.-TJnless otherwise specified (see 6.2), the wringer washing machine shall operate on 120 volts, 15 amps., 60 cycles, single phase supply. 3.15.1.3. Cabinet.~-The wringer washing machine cabinet shall be made of steel and finished as specified in 3.5. The height of the cabinet including wringer when mounted on casters shall not exceed 50 inches. * * * * * * * Mr. ROSENTHAL. My information is, and I will give you~ a chance to rebut this if I am wrong, that GSA doesn't permit the purchasing of wringer-type washing machines. I might tell you that last year 100,000 persons were hurt in wringer washing machine accidents. Here is an ad we cut out from a local Washington newspaper only the other day advertising a wringer-type washing machine. Now, it just seems to me that those 100,000 persons would have been happy to know that their Government doesn't think wringer-type Cover tro 1$ 3 or corn 1U174*,aflj ~he.'eo#~ ~* accept4 ~1e. Figure 1. Type I, class 1 wringer washing machine. PAGENO="0042" 38 washing machines are' safe and maybe they should have known this before going out to buy one. If you didn't have this information I would say, well, it is not your responsibility. But you already have this information. You don't let WAC's wash their undies in wringer-type washing machines, so why should Mrs. Consumer permit her kids to get involved in this. This is just what we are talking about. Mr. ABERSEELLER. Mr. Chairman, I think that a consumer has every right to get all the information that is available in terms of the inher- ent dangers of a wringer-type washing machine, but I don't think we should in any way imply or otherwise deny a consumer the right to buy a wringer machine. Mr. ROSENTHAL. You don't have to have a policeman stay there and say don't buy it. All you have to do is make this information avail- able in some fashion that the average housewife could understand. Otherwise, you know what happens? This is a cheap machine, $79. It is always the low-income groups that get involved in this because some of us may read other publications and subscribe to other publications that say don't buy it and we don't but there is a large part of the popu- lation that doesn't have access to these facts. Those people have a right *to rely on the Federal Government. If you had never made these tests and didn't have this information on washing machines, I would say, well, it is not your responsibility. But you have. Take it from me that your specs don't allow you to buy wringer-type washing machines. Mr. Wydler? Mr. WYDLER. I want to thank you for your statement. It was short and to the point. You were talking about the antifreezes that you recommend. What are the four antifreezes you recommend? Let me hear the names. I am curious. Mr. Am~RsrELLEn. Let me correct one point. Not that we recom- mend. These are of those we tested, these are the ones acceptable to us. Mr. WYDLER. All right; acceptable. Mr. MYERS. Off the record? Mr. WYDLER. On the record. The fact that we are failing here to mention names is one of the things most significant to me about these hearings. Though we have been talking about consumer products for nearly 2 hours now, we haven't mentioned any by name. We are afraid to mention names. I would like to hear a few mentioned.' Mr. ABERS~'ELLER. Manufacturers' designations are Prestone, Union Carbide Corp. These also qualify under their designation of UC300, UC375, and Carbide G109, which are not brand names as Prestone but othe~r formulations. The Olin Organics Division- Mr. WYDLER. Just give me the brand names. Mr. ABEESFELLEB. Permanent Pyro. Also qualifying under OM7593- B, and Pyro Permanent (1959). Texaco Co. under T-5887, 0M75, 98-B, B1410-5. Also under the TX5888, B1496-5. Also under Startex, JB1259-5 `and Jefferson Chemical Co. under Jefferson J58. Mr. WYDLER. That wouldn't mean for example that the Gulf Oil Co. doesn't sell `some permanent-type antifreeze just as good as those, doesit? MR. ABERSFELLER. You are correct. Mr. WYDLER. Yet if we were to publish those four names as brand names in a publication which had on `the front `the U.S. seal and inside PAGENO="0043" 39 said in very careful words what you are saying, it is not a recommeñ- dation, it is merely meaning `these particular items are qualified, I think most people when they read that would look at the publication, the seal, and read the names and say these are the four best permanent- type antifreezes that are in the country. That would be what most people would almost inevitably come to the conclusion when they read that. As a result of that, and `this is what I a'm really thinking of, it would mean in effect that every antifreeze manufacturer in the country would have to come to you to be qualified right away `because they would want to get their name on that list. They would say `we have to do that. They would all be in and you would have a couple of hun- dred applications the very next day, wouldn't you, to get on that qualifying list? Mr. ABERSPELLER. `Certainly that would `be important. There are others. Mr. ROSENTHAL. There are eight rather than four. Ahnost every antifreeze manufacturer in the country is on your list, if not every one. Mr. ABERSFELLER. I don't think so. Mr. ROSENTHAL. Anyone we ever heard of is. Mr. ABERSPELLER. I am talking about antifreezes available for sale. Sometimes they are marketed under other brand names. But Gulf is on there and so is Zerex `and Windo. Mr. WYDLER. Practically everyone would be forced-not just about antifreezes but this would become practically the rule of the game. You would have to become a Government-qualified product manu- facturer, even if you didn't want to sell to `the Government, because you would have to get your name on these lists if they were to be distributed. Mr. ABERSPELLER. I would agree it carries that connotation. If I may digress to tell you a story supporting that contention, a short time ago we had some difficulty with a major manufacturer of copying equipment in our negotiation process. We weren't able to get the kind of prices we thought we should have. As a result, in investigation we found nine agencies had contracted independently with this particular firm. So very quietly we thought-at least I sent a letter to each of the nine agencies and explained the circumstances I thought rather clearly and asked them to cancel that contract. So far as we have been able to tell, this letter of mine got in the hands of a New York broker and the stOck the next day dropped six points. ~ow, there was no implication at all that this product was un- satisfactory. It is quite a satisfactory product. The problem was simply one of price. Yet that letter seemed to have that kind of impact. This is one of the reasons that we are so deeply concerned about what we publish being proper and right, because the influence of `the Federal Government is substantial in the minds of a great many people and its insistence or statem~nt, even by implication, that a' particular prod- uct does or doesn't have certain characteristics is carried forth I think with some evidence,that this is the product tQ buy. In our advertising done by contractors that do business with the Federal Government we do not allow any which would indicate a sponsorship or endorsement of the product, primarily because of the reasons that I just mentioned. We don't want to get involved in saying PAGENO="0044" 40 that is the only product which will meet our particular peculiar requirements. Mr. WYDLER. You say about a thousand specifications you have would be of interest to consumers. Yet you only say you have about a hun- dred of- Mr. AEERSFELLER. Qualified products lists. Mr. WYDLER. What are the other 900 items? Mr. ABERSFELLER. They range all the w~ty from things that would be used in the household like scouring powder, brooms, brushes, mops, detergents, things of that nature where the testing requirements are not prolonged and caube tested in a relatively short period of time. Mr. Wyrn~u~. Would you. have objection to making those 900 public? Mr. ABERSFELLER. There is no similar information on that. The only information that is available there, and certainly these are available-I. underscore this-the information is available to `the public in terms of the characteristics which we consider to be im- portant. The consumer has a very dilficult, if not impossible, time in my view, as Mr. Kaplan stated, of translating that information, that what he ought to have to what he is going to get from the fellow he deals with. Mr. WYDLER. He would have to go practically into the supermarket with what you had written down as to what you want in a scouring powder and take the can, and if they happen to have the contents on it, compare the two to see whether this was- Mr. ABERSFELLER. TJnfortuately our terminology isn't that clear to the layman. It is written in rather scientific language and it would take a very learned individual, and with some test equipment, to translate these requirements into what is on the container. In fact, the infor- mation is simply not on the container. The information that is in the specification. For instance, we have one on bananas and oranges, as you mentioned earlier. Mr. ROSENTHAL. He needs the one on both of those. [Laughter.] Mr. ABERSPELLER. To give your wife the specificatioiis on those two products, and they might not be written in the complicated lan- guage that a highly technical item would be, hut we have specification3 on fresh fruit and vegetables as we have on very complex items. Again here the consumer is simply made aware of the characteristics to look f or if he can translate the characteristics. I brought with me today a sample of scouring powder. The com- mittee has the specifications, and gentlemen, in all f'urness to you in your eminent knowledge, I defy you to determine by observation that this item complies with the specification Mr. ROSENTH4L. Oould someone polish that specification you have down to laymanlike understanding? Mr. ABEESFELLER. We have tried desperately ~o do this but we don't think we can. Mr. WYDLER. This doesn't have on it what is in it. All I see is the can. Mr. ABEESFELLER. That's right. It is in compliance with Federal specification so and so. Here is a liquid giass cleaner. Have you ever heard of the brand name? This is what we buy. This meets our re- quirements as stated in the specification as to what it will be PAGENO="0045" 41 Mr WYDLER Can you get it in a spray can or one ot these automatic things that you push down? Mr. ABERSFELLER. We don~t do that. Mr. WYDLER.. My wife would never buy this. I could tell you that. I know. She likes that convenience of the container. In that case she probably buys a- Mr. ABERSPELLER. The only point I would make here was there aren't definitive scientific termed characteristics that we spell out on each of those four items that are in front of you-I ani a consumer, too. I buy by touch and feel like everyone else, so I am not unmindful of the consumer's problem. I am married, too, and we recently bought carpeting. My wife has long fingernails. That is how we did it. She makes a judgment as to the density and other things by her ability to get those nails down to the bottom of the carpeting. She went around and put her hand in a couple hundred samples of carpeting and found what she was satisfied with. Mr. M~ns. Is this GSA specification? Mr. ABERSFELLEIi. This is the point I am trying to make. I am sup- posed to have the reservoir of all this knowledge and I haven't been able to find use for it yet as a consumer either, because I can't translate this information into anything meaningful. This is not to deny the fact that there is in the QPL area some information which the public could use. At least as a guide. If it were properly qualified and properly understood, certainly that information is basic and could be used. Mr. WYDLER. There are other organizations, such as Mr. Kaplan's, that could take spec information and translate it into useful informa- tion for consumers. That would be entirely possible. I do not know how useful it would be to his organization or organizations of that type but it would seem to me that that could be done. Mr. ABERSFELLER. I think, with all due deference to Mr. Kaplan, who is still here to defend himself, that his analysis of those products that are good, better, and best is based on his ability to test char~c- teristics which he and his firm have established in terms of deciding their merits, but again we get back to the consumer. Without some kind of comparative testing by independent organizations such as his or Government organizations, it is, in my view, virtually im- possible for the consumer to take specifications forth into the market- place and make a proper judgment as to whether or not the charac- teristics which he has agreed with and which he is seeking now are, in fact, in the product he proposes to buy. So often he succumbs to statements of salesmen or hucksters that are involved in selling prod- ucts-or he gets a simple assurance that "Yes, this item has every characteristic you are seeking." There is no further way of checking it out. Mr. WYDLER. You could certainly make the statement that this product meets Federal Government standards. That, you could make. Whether that meant anything particularly may not be-that is the next question-it may not be important to the consumer that it meets Federal Government standards. He may not be interested in those qualities at all in the particular case. This is the next problem that you will have. Mr. ABERSFELLER. This is the other side of the coin. In some cases- for instance, you can pick a Sears, Roebuck or Montgomery Ward catalog and you will find they advertise and publish under the descrip- PAGENO="0046" 42 tion of some of their items that this meets Federal spec so and so. There is some assurance to the consumer that at least the Government has decreed that this is the item they arebuying. Now, as you point out, the consumer, if he knew what those charac.- teristics were, may not be interested in that. There are varieties of needs. But again, I think it is important that we do encourage that effort. We think, in the final analysis, that some kind of either voluntary endorsement of Federal standards orASTM standards or other speci- fiçations whjth are availaMe-yoti have the Socioty of Automotive Engineers standards and speci~nations, too, that could be relied on, we think, froth a certification point of. view is the answer. I do not wan~t to sound too discouraging because, as a consumer and Govern- ment official, I am dedicated to the proposition that consumers need more information. There is a real question as to how one gets this to them. For instance, even if we were to do the things the chairman has suggested-binding up these QPL's and putting tjte.rn in. some kind of booklet-how do you then get it in front of the public that this is available on subscription or free or by whatever way we decide to .do it? ~[Iow does everyone in the country who might have a need for this know that they have this available? Mr. RQSE~TI~AL. Issue a press release. Mr. ABEitEFELLER. This is certainly,.a way of doing it. This would get to a large. segment of the public provided the papers carried the press release. Mr. Chairman, we have offices in 10 cities throughout the country where we try to help not only the. businessman but the consuming public and I think it is common knowledge among those in Govern- ment that the Government Printing Office has avai]able a very elabO- rate index of material which is available to anyone upon subscription, but if you get out in the boondocks and ask anyone if they ever heard of or learned of this, they c~Io not know about it. This is why so often I have heard .friends of mifle in the Congress relate to me the many reques.ts they get for information, as an example, a pamphlet that seemed to come up more than any other one is "Baby Care," that I understand the Department of Agriculture puts out-so, instead of going to other places, it seemed more convenient to write the Congress- man and ask for this kind of information. It seems to me this breaks down to two problems: One, what informa- tion do we have? Certainly, professional people from the consumer's point of view such as Mr. Kaplan could, I think, contribute a great deal to this. What do we have that consumers ought to know? Once having established that, how do you get it out and somehow publicize it so the consumer will be able to acquire it for his use? Mr. WmLEn. Thank you. Mr. ROSENTHAL. Mr. Myers? Mr. MYERS. I have just a couple of quick questions. Mr. Abersfeller, in your statement you talk about setting up specifi- cations and you test them and then make recommendations; is that right ~ How often are the products satisfactory after you have gone through all this procedure?. How often are they not satisfactory, I should say? PAGENO="0047" 43 Mr. ABEnSFELLER. This is the procedure incident to setting up a Federal specification I was referring to. Upon delivery, of course, each of the products vended to us is tested. Last year, in dollar volume, the rejects amounted to about $14 million out of a total procurement of around $600 million. Mr. MYERs. Not too great a percentage, then? Mr. ABERSFELLER. We deal with a very wide range of people and we believe this is an essential protective device. Mr. MYmis. I believe you suggested. that your specifications, GSA, would not be. the same in very many cases as what the general consumer would need;. am I correct in that? Mr. ABERSFELLER. As I said, I estimated about 1,000. We think, by and large, with some expert ançl professional modification, about 1,000 would be usable by the. consumer., Mr. Mr~s. The antifreeze you were talking about,. is this antifreeze used in different climates? Do all types of equipment use the same anti- freeze? Does a tank operating in the Arctic use the same type of anti- freeze that a jeep would in Fort Benning, Ga? Mr. ABERSPELLER. Presuming antifreeze was needed there; it does, yes. . . Mr. MYERS The same specs? ]~{r. ABERSFELLER. I would `say so. Mr. MYERS. But then, at the same time, it is possible that if you did release these names-does Prestone or some of these manufacturers make antifreeze for other chainstores, and so forth? That is a danger here. Mr. ABERSPELLER. And they sell it for less. That is a danger. The.y also might make it of a lesser quality. I do not know. We have not examined that particular line~- Mr. MYERS. I am sure you do not test all the products that could provider- Mr. ABEESFELLER. Absolutely not. As Mr. Wydler said before, if this became a practice and did affect the business of the manufacturers, we would be floundering under a tremendous amount of pressurs--not only pressure `but requests to test. The unfortunate thing is: Not having the resources to do this makes it extremely difficult to be fair to everyone. This again is why I happen to be dedicated to the proposition that we must do something about this but we ought to be able to fund it and finance it and not do it' in bits and pieces. Mr. MYERS. Every agency would not have the same specification, would it? For example, the retractable cord we spoke of, very few agencies-or none that I know of-hire children, so this would not be applicable here. Mr. ABEtRSFELLER. The specification we are talking about does deal with every agency. We are developing Federal specs and agencies do not generally buy things on their own. They óome to us for ~procure~ ment or we procure for them. Mr. MYERS. You do not buy, then, for the' Department of Defense or NASA or people like this, do you? Mr. ABERSFELLER. Yes, we would buy-for instance, in the house- hold appliance area, we buy all the items required by the Federal Gov- ernment as a total, including Defense, and on the common products we buy the total Government requirement-buy and distribute it. PAGENO="0048" 44 Mr. MYEIIS. I have seen advertisements where producers say they provide all this equipment for NASA and they use it; do they not? You do not permit that, do you? Mr. ABERSFELLER. There is a variety of Government policies on that particular point of view; yes, sir. Our policy happens to be that we do not allow advertising which would give the implication to the public of our endorsing the product. Mr. Mym~s. You feel it would be unfair to use your recommenda- tions, is that correct, in this area? Mr. ABERSFFLLER. I would have no objection to the qualified pro- ducts list being distributed-it is now made available to the public as it is-as long as it is understood as to what it is, that it represents only a partial evaluation of all the products that could be produced. Mr. MYERS. You see nothing wrong with releasing this list. Mr. AI3ERSFELLER. Not at all. Mr. MYERS. Thank you. Mr. ROSENTHAL. I think Mr. Barash has some questions. Mr. BARASH. I have a couple of quick questions. You seem to suggest in your statement that consumers have to rely basically on industry's and manufacturers' certifications of compliance for their products and you go on to point out, as an example, your standards on automobile safety and the fact that certain automobile manufacturers have advertised that their vehicles meet these require- ments. I would like to read to you from the Wall Street Journal of June 92 of this year a report on the new automobile safety agency headed by Dr. Haddon, and it states here: The Bureau plans eventually to compile and publish frequently updated reports designed to help consumers compare the safety features of competing makes and models. The industry is going to be operating in a goldfish bowl, Dr. Haddon says, with the public aware of what each manufacturer is doing or not doing to make cars safer. Apparently, then, Dr. Haddon does not agree with your philosophy that you should let the manufacturers decide how much information on automobile safety will be available to the public. You also say that the specifications are of little or no value to con- sumers unless accompanied by the ability to test the products. Then you point out as an illustration your scouring cleanser and you wonder how a consumer could possibly check to see if the specifications are met by the products in his local supermarket. It is true, however, that you have two different specifications on scouring powder: One, on glass-cleaning scouring powder and a second on regular scouring powder. Mr. WYDLER. One with bleach and one without bleach. Mr. BARASH. It would be interesting to know-ai~d perhaps you might be able to tell us-why you specify a separate scouring powder for glass cleaning on the one hand and another for regular cleaning on the other, or one with and one without bleach. You also state in your scouring powder spec that the product shall contain no ammonia-forming compounds. It might be interesting to the consumer to know she should not use a regular scouring powder on glass. It might be interesting for them to know that for various reasons, v~ hich I am sure you would be able PAGENO="0049" 45 to explain to consumers, they should not use scouring powders with ammonia-forming compounds. What I am trying to suggest is that it is not just your qualified products list that might be valuable. I have gone through some of your specifications on consumer-type items and, as a layman, I have ex- tracted information which I think the average consumer would find very useful. I think a technical writer could probably perform that function a great deal more efficiently. For example, the flexible cord is one item. This is something the consumer can visualize; whether the coffee urn they want to buy has that particular flexible cord. You also require in your coffeemaker specification that it conform to the standards of the Underwriters Laboratories. I think they have a label of some kind that is affixed to the product. This is something else that might be interesting to the consumer; you feel it is important that your product conform to the Underwriters Laboratories standards. Perhaps it would also be impor- tant for the consumer to know that. On the subject, for example, of lawnmowers, which consumers buy all the time, you require various kinds of safety features. You require, for example, on the subject of balance, that lawnmowers shall not tip over of their own accord when placed in either direction of travel across a 300 slope. I have a 30° slope on my property. You specify in addition that the tire of the lawnmower be of a certain size because anything smaller than the size you specify would get stuck, supporting the heavy equipment, in every rut in your lawn. I mention these things because these are just a sample of the kinds of information that I have abstracted from your specifications as a layman and I am wondering whether it is, in fact, true that your specifications are valueless to the consumer. Mr. ABERSFELLER. Well, let me respond in sequence as I recall it. Let me first explain my philosophy on this thing because I didn't intend to convey the impression that I dare say you got. I do not suggest there is not some solution to this particular problem. I tried to encourage that there is. The point I made in my statement was more directed to what the consumer needs to do today to get the information. This is not to suggest, when the committee reacts to this particular problem and if it should decide that additional information can be made available in other ways, that I would not encourage and endorse that. In fact, I do, if this makes that statement clearer. I am simply trying to state that the consumer today must pretty much rely on brand names he has some wealth of information on, buys repetitively, or he must rely on the certification of the industry. Secondly, with regard to the scouring powder problem as to why we have different brands and different characteristics, the glass-clean- ing powder is a finer powder. In fact, it is of a somewhat substantially different composition than you notice in the regular cleaning powder. I would assume that every housewife knows that she ought not use regular scouring powder on windows. Now, the reason for this, of course, is that the regular scouring powder is generally-and I want to qualify this because we have not tested every scouring powder on the market; there may be one that does both-but anyway, as a general rule, the normal pot and pan scouring powder is more abrasive and is somewhat thicker-I guess that is the proper term-in the sieve thick- ness than the glass-cleaning powder would be. 88-533-68----4 PAGENO="0050" 46 As far as the bleach or nonbleach characteristics are concerned, this deals primarily with whether you are doing pots and pans or tiles and so forth. The bleach in our scouring powder, as it is in most products that have bleach in them sold commercially, is intended primarily for the cleaning of sinks and other things where stains occur and the bleach takes the stain out. With regard to your observation on lawnmowers, certainly if an individual had a sloping area such as you have in your particular yard, I think you would be very concerned that it not tip. Frankly, I am not. I have a different problem from you, and this is my point. My yard is reasonably level and I would not go to the additional ex- pense of a nontipping lawnmower. It does not mean that much to me. In addition, my lawn does not have any ruts in it and I have bought a lawnmower which would not qualify under our specification and I am perfectly satisfied with it. I do not think we ought to impose on people the additional expense attendant with doing what the government thinks is necessary. Bear in mind what we are trying to do in this endeavor of ours. It is to cut down on the number of items we have in our system. As we said before, true, some lawns may be level and some sloping, some rutty and every- thing else, but we only have one style mower; not one to suit everyone's purpose. It is also common knowledge that government property does not receive the care and attention you and I give our personal property. Therefore, it must be built differently. It must be able to withstand a wide number of people operating it, not all of whom necessarily care much about that particular piece of equipment. Again, we have this information available and, certainly, if the com- mittee, in its wisdom, feels that the information that you have been able to garner from this hearing would be helpful. I want to assure the committee we stand ready and able to help to the extent we can. Mr. BARA5H. With your permission, Mr. Chairman, might we insert in the appendix to the record the abstracts of the specifications that the staff has prepared so that the public might judge whether there is any valuable information contained within those specifications? Mr. ROSENTHAL. I think it would be useful. (The information referred to can be found in the appendix.) Mr. BARASH. There is a publication of the General Services Admin- istration for the guidance, I gather, of other Federal agencies entitled "Cleaning, Waxing, and Maintenance of Soft Floors." I would just like to add the observation that I found a wealth of material in this particular booklet and I wonder whether similar booklets might not be prepared on other products for the use of consumers. Mr. ROSENTHAL. Is this publication only for the Federal Govern- ment? It is not for general consumption? Mr. ABERSPELLER. No, although we would be pleased to make it available. Mr. ROSENTHAL. If someone would pick up the tab for the printing. Mr. ABERSFELLER. Yes. Mr. ROSENTHAL. Thank you very much. The subcommittee stands adjourned until tomorrow at 1:30. (Whereupon, at 12:20 p.m., the subcommittee was adjourned.) *1 PAGENO="0051" I I CONSUMER INFORMATION RESPONSIBILITIES OF THE FEDERAL GOVERNMENT WEDNESDAY, JUNE 28, 1967 HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES, SPECIAL STUDIES SUBC0MMITPIiE OF THE COMMITTEE ON GOVERNMENT OPERATIONS, Washington, D.C. The subcommittee met, pursuant to notice, at 2:37 p.m., in room 2203, Rayburn Building, Hon. Benjamin S. Rosenthal, presiding. Present: Messrs. Rosenthal and Myers. Staff present: James A. Lanigan, general counsel full committee; Peter Barash, legal assistant; I. Warren Harrison, legal assistant; and William H. Copenhaver, minority counsel. Mr. ROSENTHAL. The subcommittee will be in order. This is a continuation of the hearings of the Special Inquiry on Consumer Representation in the Federal Government of the Special Studies Subcommittee of the Committee on Government Operations. Our first witness this afternoon is Mr. M. W. Jensen, manager, Engi- neering Standards, National Bureau of Standards, Department of Commerce. Mr. Jensen, perhaps your colleagues would want to join you at the table, and you might for the record identify them by name and what position they hold. STATEMENT OP H. W. YENSEN, MANAGER, ENGINEERING STAND- ARDS, NATIONAL BUREAU OP STANDARDS, DEPARTMENT OP COMMERCE; AO~OMPANIED BY ALLEN L PARRAR, BUREAU LEGAL ADVISER; AND C. N. COATES, ASSISTANT TO TIlE DIR~OTOR Mr. JENSEN. Thank you very much, Mr. Chairman. I am particularly grateful for your being willing to hear me this afternoon. Your hear- ings are being held right in the center of our National Conference on Weights and Measures. My name is Malcolm W. Jensen, manager, Engineering Standards, National Bureau of Standards. I have with me the Bureau legal adviser, Allen Farrar7 and Assistant to the Director, C. N. Coates. Mr. Chairman, I think it is important at the outset to point out that the National Bureau of Standards, since its inception in 1901, has served primarily science, industry, and other Government agencies, including the States. We have very little contact-directly, that is- with the consumer. Indirectly of course we have an enormous impact, especially in the role we play in the national measurement system. The four major programs of the Bureau are: Basic measurement standards, engineering measurement and standards, properties of mat- (4T) PAGENO="0052" 48 ter and materials, technical assistance to science, industry, and government. These are described briefly in a brochure which I have submitted for the files of the committee. The consumer benefits ultimately from all of these programs, but I emphasize indirectly. Perhaps a crude analogy will illustrate the point. A steel manufac- turer supplies an automobile manufacturing company with steel. The latter shapes this steel through a series of complicated processes into the automobile that the consumer buys. Obviously, the consumer can- not use the raw steel, but he can drive the car from which it is made. We are more like the steel manufacturer. We do have certain outputs that can be used by the consumer di- rectly, and I will discuss these a bit later. The second point I should like to make is that we are not by any means a major testing facility. Our testing program constitutes a very small fraction of our work-less than 2 percent of our technical activi- ties. And even this small fraction is done mainly for other government agencies. For example, we do general tests on materials and com- ponents for such agencies as the General Services Administration, De- partment of Defense, National Aeronautics and Space Administra- tion, and other agencies interested in developing procurement specifi- cations based on tested and evaluated materials and components. We also do some testing-but very little-of specific products for such agencies as the Federal Trade Commission for use by them in legal actions. Moreover, since 1954, the Bureau has been operating under a policy of the Department of Commerce set forth in the Publications and Re- ports Manual of the Bureau as follows: The testing of products for other Government agencies is done in response to specific requests from such other agencies and the work is considered in the na- ture of a confidential service to a client. The results of such testing, therefore, are not to be publicized by the Bureau. Reports on such testing are to be made solely to the requesting agency. In this country, testing of direct interest to consumers is `done pri- marily by private organizations. If the Bureau were to get involved in any significant product testing program, it would require a funding many times our presently available resources. As a matter of fact, it would transform us into a different type of organization. During the late 1920's and 1930's, the Bureau did have a number of publications that were consumer-oriented. "Care and Repair of the House" is an outstanding example There was conslderable industry objection to the continuance, not to mention the expansion, of this type of publication and the activity it reflected. Such publications were issued under the authority of our enabling act, 31 Stat. 1449, which authorizes "The compilation and publication of general scientific and technical data resulting from the performance of the functions specified herein or from other sources when such data are of importance to scientific or manufacturing interests or to the gen- eral public and are not available elsewhere * * The key phrase here is "and are not available elsewhere." This was the primary basis for the industry objections. With the foregoing qualifications, there are, nevertheless, several outputs and activities of the National Bureau of Standards that are PAGENO="0053" related reasonably directly to the interests of co~ to describe them briefly now. A program of long standing that is of incalculable benefit to con- sumers is the leadership, cooperation, and technical backup provided by the `~ in developing uniform State weights and measures -~n equi~ment and methods, and in the tech- State a~nd ioc~l ~ their reference standarcs, for techical ad~ -. ment problems, and even for model weights and measures laws. One of the ij ortant links with the States in these activities is the series of a latior 1 Conferences on Weights and Measures, spon- 1 i-~ r conferences have been going on for more conLins c con measures 1 comj weights listed in different units, and Prepackaged Commodities," which prescrbes procedures lowed in assuring accurate quantity delivery to consumers. The Bureau provides the technical `and staff services to the Depart- ment of `Commerce leading to the promulgation of mandatory stand- ards and the publication of voluntary stan'dards that affect consumers. The mandatory standards, provided for by law, cover flammable fabrics and door closures for household refrigerators. Two others, those for seat belts and brake fluids, originally assigned to NES, are now the responsibility of the new Department o'f Transportation. Five hundred voluntary standards have been issued including some 250 commercial standards, an equal number of simplified practice recommendations, and eight product standards. All of these, of course, are indirectly of interest to `the consumer, some directly. Examples of the latter include standards for ice cream containers an'd metal con- tainers for other food, aluminum chain-link fencing, body-sizing standards for apparel and patterns, attic ventilation fans in residences, aluminum `tension window screens, household insecticides, venetian blinds, et cetera. New voluntary standards under development that are of interest to consumers include urethane foam bedding and seat cush- ioning, household water softeners, polyethelene plastic containers for petroleum products. Voluntary standards will also be developed under the new program authorized `by the recently enacted Fair Packaging and Labeling Act. These will be of very direct concern to consumers. One of the objects of this new program will be to reduce undue proliferation of quantities of packaged consumer commodities which impairs the reasonable ability of the consumer :to make value comparisons in `the marketplace. The NBS carries on a relatively extensive building research pro- gram and some fire research activities. These programs and activities 88-533 O-68------5 PAGENO="0054" 50 generate publications of interest to consumers. Some examples are: "Doors as Barriers to Fire and Smokes" "Weather Resistance of Pôr- celain Enamels," "Thermal Insulation in Buildings," "Performance Criteria for Sanitary Plumbing Fixtures," "Effects of Thermal Shrinkage on Built-up Roofing," and "Building Construction and Maintenance." S A final point. NBS is a most important resource for consumer- oriented programs, but as I said earlier almost entirely of an indirect nature. If this resource is to be exploited, a translation or conversion mechanism must be developed. In other words, ways must be found to take the results of NBS research and convert them into a form that is useful to the nontechnical consumer. Mr. ROSENTHAL. Let me ask a question at this point, if I may. Do you think that is a difficult thing to do? Mr. JENSEN. No, sir; it is not a difficult thing to do. Mr. ROsENTHAL. Would it take any major increase in personnel requirements? Mr. JENSEN. I think that one would need to have reasonably prac- tical general engineers who can work in the fields of chemistry, physics, and engineering, plus a small staff of technical writers and clerks. Mr. ROSENTHAL. In other words, with a few people who are engi- neers and a few who are skilled technical writers, information could be converted which would be useful to the general public? Mr. JENSEN. Some of the information that is developed at the Bu- reau, I think, sir, could be converted to useful publication. Mr. ROSENTHAL. Thank you. Mr. JENSEN. Technical expertise is needed that can evaluate NBS research results in terms of their usefulness to the consumer and, having done so, put those results in a form that the layman can use. For example, testing of materials and components help Government agencies make purchase choices, but these agencies make bulk pur- chases based on tests of a few samples chosen under a sound statistical plan. However, the individual consumer cannot buy a refrigerator to test its performance as a guide to future purchases. I shall be happy to answer any question, sir. Mr. ROSENTHAL. Thank you very much for a very thoughtful and well prepared statement, Mr. Jensen. Mr. Jensen, am I correct, were you the Chairman of the Interde- partmental Study Group which studied the subject of Government information? Mr. JENSEN. I was the Chairman, sir. Its original mission was more directly to determine whether or not the Government should look to the development of consumer standards; that is, standards for con- sumer products and commodities. Mr. ROSENTHAL. When did this committee meet? Mr. JENSEN. During 1965. Mr. ROSENTHAL. Did they issue a report? Mr. JENSEN. The report was issued to the Secretary of Commerce, who I understand transmitted it to Mrs. Esther Peterson, Special As- sistant to the President for Consumer Affairs. Mr. ROSENTHAL. Briefly and generally, what was the thrust of the report? ~Mr. JENSEN. Our conclusions were two: (1) There is a wealth of information in the Government that could be of help to the consumer; PAGENO="0055" 51 (2) the development by the Government of consumer standards, that is, standards for consumer commodities and products, would have little real use, because it would require either some regulatory author- ity to see that people who claimed that they were making a product to the standards actually did, or the consumer would have to be a testing facility in himself, and he is not. The average housewife cannot count the threads in a bedsheet, for example. Experience has indicated that if the use of a halima] designation number is authorized without any one regi ity to determine whether or not products really comply with a s~ ard, there is the possibility that the conscientious manufacturer woi be hurt because he is going to be careful, while the man who might not be quite so conscientious could make a product inferior to the standards with no one responsible to determine whether the standards are met. Mr. ROSENTHAL. Let me ask you, is it your opinion that within the National Bureau of Standards and other Federal agencies there exists a reservoir of information useful to consumers which is as yet un- tapped and untranslated and generally unavailable to the public? Mr. JENSEN. Yes, sir. There definitely is a wealth of information, but in its present. form it is my feeling that it would not be of use to the consumer. Mr. ROSENTHAL. Now is there some efficient, yet inexpensive way, to translate that information into a form useful to the consumer? Mr. JENSEN. I think there are a number of ways. One way that has occurred to me is that if there could be employed a small staff of engi- neers, technical writers, with appropriate clerical support, with the assistance of the Office of the Special Assistant to the President for Consumer Affairs, with consumer organizations, with the help of the State weights and measures officials, and food and drug officials, items could be selected, in some order of priority, probably starting with major items-refrigerators, roofing, ovens, furnaces, and so forth. Then, gathering together the knowledge that is now in the Govern- ment, either in the minds of the experts or in published form, reduce this knowledge to generic or nonproprietary information that would help the consumer who wants to make a more intelligent judgment in his selection. Mr. ROSENTITAL. Now it is very pleasant for me to hear you say that. When you say a small number, of people, what do you mean? Mr. JENSEN. I do not think it is possible or practical or realistic to have a big organization. One of the real problems here is to get the information out to the consumer. I have the feeling that if one were to publish small pam- phlets, nickel, dime, quarter pamphlets, make them available only through the Government Printing Office, they largely would stay on shelfs. So some mechanism would need to be devised to get the pubhca- tions out to the people who can use them. I believe that two or three engineers, maybe a couple of technical writers, and appropriate support staff could do a lot of work in a year's time. No research or development work would be involved. What would be done would be to identify the source, gather together information, translate it, and get it out. PAGENO="0056" 52 Mr. ROSENTHAL. Is it your testimony that with some 6 people we could, after 6 months or a year, ~tctually deliver to the consumer a wealth of information that he would find useful? Mr. JENSEN. We could deliver to the consumer information in a reg- ular progression. There is no doubt that some could be put together quite rapidly. Some, where you would have to talk to several Federal agencies, identify the fellow who is the knowledgable man, dig out a publication, do a literature search, would take longer;, but I have no doubt that in 6 months to a year, you would have a flow of information started to the consumers. Again I would like to emphasize that his would have to be a generic type of information; that we talk about the characteristics of the prod- uct or commodity that might be of concern-that should be of con- cern-and that would lead the consumer to make an intelligent choice, if the consumer wanted to. Mr. ROSENTHAL. Would there `have to be a separate office or some central place where this information would all funnel into, be trans- lated into laymen-like language, and then be distributed to the general public? Mr. JENSEN. I guess I do not know what you mean by separate office. I think `there are a number of departments in government in which such an activity properly could be located. Mr. ROSENTHAL. I am trying to find out how we could do this practically. Mr. JENSEN. I think this could be accomplished in the National Bureau of Standards, in the Department of Commerce. The Depart- ment of Agriculture, as you know, puts out many consumer pamphlets. Now whether one could look at the physical sciences as opposed to agricultural sciences and join with that group, I do not know. The Food and Drug Administration has put out some consumer-type pamphlets. I think the important thing is that it can be in a technical orientation and that- Mr. ROSENTHAL. I understand all of that. What I do not understand is that if we leave this responsibility of disseminating information to each agency, I do not think it is going to work. It just seems to me that there ought to be one single place that all of this consumer related information ought to flow into, and that this office should have the responsibility of disseminating it to the general public. Mr. JENSEN. I think you have stated the point very well. I doubt that information would generally flow into this office wherever it is located. I think it would have to be searched out, but I think it well could be searched,out. Mr. ROSENTHAL. r example, if the] all agencies to purs' Ucy and t central disseminat Mr. JENSEN. One wou want to work on item 1 before proceeding i eight or 10 i~ soim 1? PAGENO="0057" 53 I am just wonderin~ in teru~s of structure, which is really the juris- dictional area of this committee. Apparently you agree with my thought that if there were oi~ie central office that all of this informa- tion could flow into, they would be charged with developing one prod- uct or one ai ~ a time, converting it from technical language into 1 1 uage and finding some inexpensive method for neral public Do you a'~e with that ~ of the i~ effective next week. ~, ~ have ~ use by the Department in order to be in full compliance ~ law The Department of Justice under the Attorney General has issued a memorandum explaining what it feels the implications of the law are and how it should be carried out. I would say that this policy will certainly be carefully reviewed with a view to making such information available to the public as can be made under the new law. Mr. ROSENTHAL. Mr. Jensen, assuming that the Attorney General informed your Department that there can be and should be greater dissemination of information, have you thought about how you might comply with this law? Mr. JENSEN. The Bureau has a very broad and well developed pub- lication policy. Results of research really become meaningful only when they are put out to the people who can use them. I am not an attorney obviously, but just simply making available the information, the data the Bureau has, I think, would not fulfill the need you have described here. Mr. ROSENTHAL. We need the conversion procedure somewhere along the line. Mr. JENSEN. Yes, sir. It is a translation into meaningful terms for the consumer. Mr. ROSENTHAL. Now, for example, we heard from Mr. Kaplan of Consumers Union yesterday about some tests I think that NBS did on hearing aids for the VA, and that those tests and the results of those tests, could be understood by the general public, is that correct? Mr. JENSEN. I think there is information that was presented to the Veterans' Administration that might well be informative to certain consumers. ce, who 1 PAGENO="0058" 54 One would have to dig through it, the report to VA. Mr. ROSENTHAL. Under the freedom of information law, could you extract the pertinent provisions of your report to VA and just issue that to the public without further clarifications, without further editorializing? Mr. JENSEN. I think that under the freedom of information law there is no question that this could be done. The question is whether we have the manpower to do it and whether the Department under the present policy would want us to do it or whether it should be by Veterans' Administration for whom the work was actually done. We really are performing for them under a contract to them, and we would present to them the data, and they of course, can issue it any way they would like to. Mr. ROSENTHAL. Aside from the question of who has priority of interest in the results of the tests, is it generally your feeling that that. information should be made available in an understandable fashion? Mr. JENSEN. I think I would say that it is my feeling, yes, sir; infor- mation the Government has that would be of assistance to society should be made available to society. Mr. ROSENTHAL. To the best of your knowledge, and I ask you spe- cifically because of your chairmanship of the Interdepartmental Study Group, has anyone connected with the Study Group taken a special interest or taken the initiative in trying to move the informa- tion out of the archives and into the public domain? Mr. JENSEN. I believe there is in the record, sir, some communica- tion from Mrs. Peterson to Secretary Connor, in which this proposal was advanced. And the response from the Secretary or someone in the Secretary's Office, which agreed with the proposal, but which said that it was the feeling of the Department that identification and financ- ing probably should be sought by the Office of the Assistant to the President for Consumer Affairs. Mr. ROSENTHAL. Did you pursue that at all and find out what hap- pened with respect to his recommendations to her? Mr. JENSEN. I saw the `correspondence. Mr. ROSm~rHAL. After he bucked it back to her? Mr. JENSEN. If there was anything further, I `am not aware of it. I think that ended the correspondence. Mr. ROSENTHAL. To do the job of disseminating the information after having it converted do you have any notion at all `how much money it might cost to take at least what information you folks had and to get it out to the public? Mr. JENSEN.. I do not have an inventory of information that NBS presently has that might be translated. It would be very difficult. I think largely this would depend on the rate at which one wanted `to make the information available. Frankly, sir, I do not think that very much would be produced if one agency, certainly one as small as the National Bureau of Standards, were singled out and say, "Let's get this for the consumer." I think there should `be a policy of the Govern- ment, and I think one should establish priorities of things of greatest interest, greatest concern to the consumer, and work on those first. Mr. ROSENTHAL. Mr. Jensen, one final question, how would you re- spond if the President said to you: Mr. Jensen, what should we do to improve our policy with relation to disseminating information to consumers of tests that we make? PAGENO="0059" 55 Mr. JENSEN. I think I would respond very similarly to the way I responded to you. I think that a small office with this specific respon- sibility and with capable people could produce a great deal of infor- mation of considerable help to those who want to be helped or who are able to be helped. Mr. ROSENTHAL. Mr. Myers. Mr. MYERS. Thank you, Mr. Chairman. Mr. Jensen, you speak about your testing and so forth, and you make reference to certain generic items. Does this mean that you go into all brands in certain areas, certain items, or how do you go about this? Mr. JENSEN. No. Our testing program, sir, generally is on the basis of a request paid for by another Government agency. Mr. MYERS. Like GSA? Mr. JENSEN. Yes. If, for example, General Services Administration wants us to work on the development of a test method for pencils, GSA would normally supply us with a statistical sample of the pencils, tell us what they want it for, and our technical people then, sponsored by GSA, would develop the test method. Obviously you have to do some testing to develop a method includ- ing the machinery involved. Mr. MYERS. The first thing then, you do not set the criteria; the agency tells you what criteria- Mr. JENSEN. That is correct. Mr. MYERS But you then set up the prescribed-the actual test? Mr. JENSEN. That is correct. Mr. MYERS. And then you conduct the actual test? Mr. JENSEN. And then we report back to the agency. Out testing normally is only to the extent that is necessary to pro- duce the test method. Mr. MYERS. But you do not include all of the brands in a certain area? Mr. JENSEN. I would say a reasonable answer to that is negative, sir. Mr. Mr~s. Then I think that I detect from your suggestions here, you would not want to-not endorse, but you do not want to mention brand names, either, is that right? Mr. JENSEN. There would need to be very little, probably no, test- ing but a developing of information, translation of information, on the knowledge that exists in Government now. I am not talking about a testing program where one would say this brand is better than the other. For example, there are terms used in the sale of refrigerators: Frost- free and automatic defrost, volume-what do these mean? How does each of these relate to the current requirement? What should one look for in insulation? What size for a particular family? These sort of things that would be helpful to anybody. I think it would be com- pletely impossible, improper, for Government to undertake a testing such as Consumer Union does, for example, on the basis of brand nanle. What we are discussing is gathering information that is presently available and putting it into a form that would be helpful to a consumer. Mr. MYERS. Well, on page 3 of your prepared statement you make reference back in the twenties and thirties to the National Bureau of PAGENO="0060" 56 ~act1y. u do not carry out the testing? Dnducted the test necessary to fix ~tenforcement tests. buti~ do not con~ PAGENO="0061" 57 get in a you help the consumer i Mr. JENSEN. Under the policy under which we now ~ is absolutely correct. My personal feeling is that there is technical expertise available. There are pthlicatiQns of the Bureau, of GSA, and of other agencies of the Government from which information could be developed and put in a form that would be helpful to the consumer. There is one publication in the Bureau now for the con- sumer. It is called A Household Kitchen Card that tells how many teaspoons are in tablespoons and how many tablespoons are in a cup- ful. Strictly measurement. It sells for a nickel, and the housewife can hang it up in the kitchen. That is our one consumer publication. Mr. Myins Later on we are going to have to go to meters, maybe a few other things. Mr. JENSEN. I could speak on that subject if you desire. Mr. MYERS. I am not real sure about that one. One last question that I would like to ask, you say you prescribe certain tests for agencies, and you mentioned GSA. Is most of it done for GSA, your prescribed testing? Mr. JENSEN. Yes. Certainly the most work we do in the develop- ment, specific test methodology, would be for General Services Admin- istration. We do, however, have many of our technical people serving on committees of private standardizing bodies: American Society for Testing and Materials, the American Petroleum Institute-all of this PAGENO="0062" 58 is another way of translating into technical use, scientific and en- gineering use, the work that we do. Mr. MYERs. Do you know if you do all of GSA's systems? Mr. JENSEN. We do not. Mr. Mn~ms. You do not prescribe all their testing? Mr. JENSEN. No, sir; we do not. Actually the most we do is when they select an item for which they would like some methodology. If we are able to undertake this under our sponsorship, we do. We report back to them the results and our recommendations, and they make the final decision as to whether they will become a part of purchase specifications. Responsibility for compliance with their specification rests with GSA-never with us~ Mr. MYERS. In other words, they can set up their own if they want to or go to some other agency? Mr. JENSEN. Absolutely. Mr MYERS Thank you, Mr Jensen Mr. COFENHAVER. May I ask a question? Mr. ROSENTHAL. Let me ask a question and then I will come back to you. I am intrigued by the response you made to Mr. Myers' question about what happened when the Bureau issued "Care and Repair of the House," which sounds to me like a very, very useful book to have around. I would suspect that the publication with the largest circulation in the country is the one that the Federal Government puts out, HEW I think puts it out, called Infant Care. -Has Dr. Spock, who has a competing publication, ever complained, to your knowledge? Mr. JENSEN. I could not answer that question, sir. I have no information. Mr. ROSENTHAL. You see the trick to this is that instead of having the Government Printing Office offer a book, you give it to Congress men to send out, and there it has a lot of useful advantages- Mr. JENSEN. I agree with you. Mr. ROSENTHAL. Mr. Copenhaver? Mr. COPENHAVER. Mr. Jensen, I am interested in a point that Mr. Myers developed. GSA buys thousands of different products and pre- sumably they must test these products against certain standards and specifications, is that not correct? Mr. JENSEN. They are* authorized. They have the responsibility of seeing that the products purchased by the Government meets specifi- cations that are issued. Mr. COFENHAVER. Do they test these products, a sample- Mr. JENSEN. They do testing; yes, sir. Mr. COPENHAVER (continuing). Themselves? In their own laboratories? Mr. JENSEN. Yes, sir. Mr. COPENHAVER. I am surprised that-this is new to me-that we do not have a central facility like the Bureau of Standards to do the testing for the GSA. Why is it that we have this divided kind of arrangement? - Mr. JENSEN. GSA takes advantage of our expertise and of the expertise of other agencies of the Government, the Department of Defense and others, in assisting them to develop purchase specifica- PAGENO="0063" 59 tions. The responsibility for the specifications and compliance of product with those specifications resides specifically with GSA We are just one of the inputs to the specifications. Mr. MYERS. If you give that answer, let's find out why GSA does not do all the buying Mr COPENHAVER This is a different cluestion Maybe I am mistaken Yesterday we discussed about the buying of antifreeze. I see about three different things: You and the Bureau of Standards can estab- lish a system for testing certain specifications of antifreeze, and then you pass these on to GSA who will bring them into the specification, shall we say, or write specifications, and then they are able to actually test a sample of a product in accordance ~ith the system that you h'Lve developed for GSA to see if it met specifications, is that correct ~ Mr. JENSEN. That is well put, yes, sir. Mr. COPENHAVER. Do you also assist GSA in establishing the specifications? Mr JENSEN Ours is an input to specifications They will send the proposed specification to us and ask for comments by a certain date If there is available at the Bureau an individual who is qualified in this field, we will send it to that individual. If he has time or can find the time, he will examine it, and make his comments. Presently there is no exchange of funds here. It is a contribution of NBS to GSA. But even with these comments to GSA, there is no obligation of GSA to include our recommendations in the specifications. They have absolute authority in developing specifications~ Mr. COPENHAVEIR. Well, I know this is a question that should go to GSA and not you, but where does GSA get the technical information to develop the specification? Mr. JENSEN. I think, sir, that should be directed to GSA as~ you suggested. Mr. COPENHAVER. You do not know? Mr. JENSEN. I do not. I am not sufficiently aware of their individual people. Mr. COPENHAVER. One other question along this line which Con- gressman Myers raised. It has been a concern to me. I have noticed an increasing number of stories in the papers about it and I know Senator Magnuson and his committee has had some hearings on this matter concerning the flammability of at least certain material used in this ready to wear, this "no iron" type of product, and I have seen many cases of children and adults being burned. This is in the hundreds or the thousands, not one or two. And I ask myself, how can this be? We have a law, and we have a Bureau of Standards supposedly doing some testing, and you did indicate to Congressman Myers that the Federal Trade Commission may actually ask you to do some testing, is that correct? Mr. JENSEN. They will ask us to do such testing as is necessary to develop equipment and procedures for their enforcement testing. Mr. COPENHAVER. I follow you. Mr. JENSEN. There is proposed a strong amendment to the existing Flammable Fabrics Act, which incidentally was enacted into law in 1953, I believe for the express purpose of making it a criminal act to introduce into Interstate Commerce those items-sweaters that the PAGENO="0064" 60 press called firetraps, the materials that just blow up with any kind of ignition. And under that old statute there is definite limitation as to how far the Federal agencies can go with respect to flammability of wearing apparel. The amendment that is in both houses, sponsored by the adminis- tration, provides for research and development, input of industry, and for `far greater coverage than just wearing apparel: rugs, draperies, upholstery-if it can be proven that these do contribute to loss of life or property. I think you would like to look at this bill. It is a good amendment. Mr. COPENHAVER. Do you actually do any testing for the FTC, Federal Trade `Commission? Mr. JENSEN. We do not do enforcement testing for them. They have their own enforcing testing li~boratory, using equipment that actually we designed in cooperation `with the industry. FTC responds to a complaint or acts at its own initiative, obtains samples of the apparel, run's the tests, and determines `whether or not it is in `compliance with the standard which is published by the Na- tional Bureau of Standards. Mr. `COPENHAVER. Thank you. Mr. ROSENTHAL. `Thank you very, very much, Mr. Jensen. You have been very helpful `to the committee. We appreciate your coming at this time of day. Mr. JENSEN. It has been a real pleasure to be here. Mr. ROSENTHAL. Your full statement will be printed at this point in the record. (`The statement referred to follows:) PREPARED STATEMENT OF MALCOLM W. JENSEN, MANAGER, ENGINEERING STANDARDS, NATIONAL BUREAU OF STANDARDS Mr. Chairman and members of the subcommittee, my name is Malcolm W. Jensen. I am on the staff of the National Bureau of Standards, serving as both Manager, Engineering `Standards and as Chief of the Office of Weights and Measures. It is important, I think, at the outset to point out t'hat the National Bureau of Standards, since its inception in 1901, has served primarily science, industry, and other Government agencies, including the States. We have very little con- tact-directly that is-with the consumer, the individual citizen. Indirectly, `of course, we have an enormous impact-especially in the role we play in the national measurement system. Phe four major programs of the Bureau- Basic measurement standards; Engineering measurement and standards; Properties of matter and materials; and Technical assistance to science, industry, and Government are described briefly in a brochure (submitted for your files) outlining the work of the Bureau. The consumer benefits ultimately from all these programs but -I emphasize- indirectly. Perh'aps a crud'e analogy will illustrate the point. A steel manufacturer sup- plies an automobile manufacturing company with steel. The latter shapes this steel through a series o'f complicated processes into the automobile that the con- sumer `buys. Obviously, t'he consumer `cannot use the raw steel, but he can driv~ the car from which it is made We are more like the steel manufacturer We do have certain outputs that can be used by the consumer `C' ~" will discuss these a bit later The second point I should like to make is that we are i major testing facility Our testing program constitutes a ye our work-less than 2 percent of our technical activities ill PAGENO="0065" 61 fraction is done mainly for other Government agencies. For example, we do general tests on materials and components for such agencies as the General Services Administration, Department of Defense, National Aeronautics and `Space Administration, and other agencies interested in developing procurement specifi- cations `based on tested and evaluated materials and components. We also do some `testing-but very little-of specific products for such agencies as the Fed- eral Trade Commission for use by them in legal actions. Moreover, since 1954, the Bureau has been operating under a policy of the Department of Commerce `set forth in the Publications and Reports Manual of the Bureau as follows: "The testing of products for other Government agencies is done in response to specific requests from such other `agencies and the work is considered in the f a confidential service `to a client. The results of such testing, therefore, cized by the Bureau. Reports on such testing are to `be made rect iiiter reau manufacturing interests or to where `~ The key phrase `here is "and are not available elsewhere." This was the mary basis for the industry `objections. With the foregoing qualifications, there are, nevertheless, several outputs and activities of the National Bureau of `Standards that `are related reasonably directly to the intere's'ts of consumers. I would like to describe these briefly now. A program of long standing that is of incalculable benefit to consumers is the leadership, cooperation, and technical backup provided by the Bureau in develop- ing uniform State weights and measures laws, regulations, inspection equipment and methods, and' in the technical training of State weights and measures officials. These activities affect consumers directly `and vitally inasmuch as the accuracy of scales, meters, and gas pumps, of commercial weighing and measuring devices of all types, as well as the accuracy of package quantities, are dependent almost exclusively on the regulatory activity of State and local weights and measures ofikials who look to us for their reference standards, for technical advice' and counsel on measurement problems, and even for model weights and measures laws. One of the important links with the States in these activities is the series of annual National Conferences on Weights and Measures, sponsored by the Bureau. These coxiferences have been going on for more than 60 years. `Examples of publications resulting from these State weights and measures ac- tivities include- * The proceedings of the annual conferences; Publication and revision of Units of Weights and Measures-Definitions and Tables of Equivalents. This publication contains conversion factors and conversion tables for weights and measures units. It is helpful in comparing packaged products with weights listed In different units; and NBS Handbook 67: Checking Prepackaged Commodities, which prescribes procedures to be followed in assuring accurate quantity delivery to con- sumers. The Bureau provides the technical and staff services to the Department of Commerce leading to the promulgation of mandatory standards and the publica- tion of voluntary standards that affect consumers. The mandatory standards, provided for by law. cover flammable fabrics and door closures for household refrigerators. Two others, those for seat belts and brake fluids, originally assigned to NBS, are now the responsibility of the new Department of Transportation. I PAGENO="0066" 62 Five hundred voluntary standards have been issued including some 250 corn- mercial standards, an equal number of simplified practice recommendations, and eight product standards. All of these, of course, are indirectly of interest to the consumer, some directly. Examples of the latter include standards for ice cream containers and metal containers for other food, aluminum chain-link fencing, body sizing standards for apparel and patterns, attic ventilation fans in resi- dences, alumirnun tension window screens, household insecticides, venetian blinds, etc. New voluntary standards under development that are of interest to con- sumers include urethane foam bedding and seat cushioning, household water softeners, polyethelene plastic containers for petroleum products. Voluntary standards will also be developed under the new program authorized by the recently enacted Fair Packaging and Labeling Act. These will be of very direct concern to consumers. One of the objects of this new program will be to reduce undue proliferation of quantities of packaged consumer commodities which impairs the reasonable ability of the consumer to make value comparisons in the marketplace. The NBS carries on a relatively extensive building research program and some fire research activities. These program.s and activities generate publica- tions of interest to consumers. Some examples are: Doors as ]3arrier5 to Fire and Smoke. Weather Resistance of Porcelain Enamels Thermal Insulation in Buildings. Performance Criteria for Sanitary Plumbing Fixtures. Effects of Thermal Shrinkage on Built-up Roofing. Building Construction and Maintenance. A final point NBS is a most important resource for consumer oriented pro i,ram5 but as I said earlier almost entirely of an indirect nature If this ie source is to be exploited a translation or conversion mechanism must be developed. In other words, ways must be found to take the results of NBS re- search and convert them into a form that is useful to the non-technical con- Sumer. Technical expertise is needed that can evaluate NBS research results in terms of their usefulness to the consumer and, having done so, put those results in a form that the layman can use. For example, testing of materials and components help Government agencies make purchase choices, but these agencies make bulk purchases based on tests of a few samples chosen under a sound statistical plan. However, the individual consumer cannot buy a refrigerator to test its performance as a guide to future purchases. I shall be very happy to answer any questions to the best of my ability. Mr. ROSENTHAL. The subcommittee stands adjourned. (Whereupon, at 2:20 p.m. the subcommittee was adjourned.) PAGENO="0067" CONSUMER INFORMATION RESPONSIBILITIES OF THE FEDERAL GOVERNMENT TUESDAY, ~TULY 25, 1967 HousE or REPRESENTATIVES, SPECIAL STUILES SUBCOMMI'rPEE OF THE COMMPrPEE ON GOVERNMENT OPE1u~rIoNs, Washington, D.C. The subcommittee met at 10:15 a.m. in room 2203, Rayburn House Office Building, the Honorable Benjamin S. Rosenthal presiding. Present: Representatives Benjamin S. Rosenthal (presiding), John W. Wydler, and J'ohn T. Myers. Also present: Peter Barash, legal assistant, and I. Warren Harri- son, legal assistant, committee staff. Mr. ROSENTHAL. The subcommittee will be in order. Today's hearing is a continuation of the hearings of the Special * Consumer Inquiry, Special Studies Subcommittee, to determine what Federal agencies can do to better implement their consumer responsi- bilities. Today's first witness will be Commissioner Arthur M. Ross, Com- missioner of Labor Statistics, Department of Labor. Commissioner, I think you have a prepared statement and you may proceed. Incidentally, I might say we are extremely grateful to you for taking time from a very busy schedule to appear before the subcommittee. STATEMENT OP ARTHUR N. ROSS, COMMISSIONER OP LABOR STA- T'STXOS; AOOOMPANiE~ BY ARNOLD ORASE, ASSISTANT' ~OM- MISSIONER FOR PRICES AND LIVING ~OWDITIONS Mr. Ross. Thank you, Mr. Chairman. It is a privilege to participate in this important study by the Special Consumer Inquiry of the Special Studies Subcommittee. I have been requested to discuss with the Special Consumer Inquiry how Bureau of Labor Statistics data can be of help to consumers and how this information might be more effectively presented and disseminated. Most consumers need and want help in the form of more informa- tion to assist them in their shopping. In order to buy wisely, con- sumers need objectively determined facts about the comparative prices of the alternative products among which they must choose. Consumers need an appraisal of the current price situation. Which prices are rising? Which are falling? What are today's good buys? When is the best time of the year to buy various items? How much can be (63) PAGENO="0068" 64 c time ~ es. One is a t ~nd one son- -ofi: -~ cost estima )Olitan area and, V 5 the O1~e~p~ i and wili be yes i~ used. SomE PAGENO="0069" 65 ~S in 1 other factor brought out by L~ likely to purchase certain items in smaller cost higher. In other words, a 1-pound bag c~ more per pound than a 25-pound bag, smaller sizes. It was also observed that in general the CO] - in stores in low income areas was inferior t in ~ income areas. The stores in low income neighborhoods tended to I. less orderly and clean, and the meats and produce did not appear as fresh. With respect to other consumer items, the study showed that the prices for such appliances as washing machines and television sets were higher in the neighborhood stores in the low income sections of the cities. On the other hand, the poor paid less for such services as drycleaning, shoe repairs, and haircuts, if they patronized neigh- borhood establishments. I might say we weren't able in the study to go into tl~ie impact of credit arrangements upon the total price paid by the poor, but if we had, I am sure the credit arrangements often used by poor people would produce a greater differential than our study showed, in the case of durable consumer goods such as washing machines, television sets, jewelry, and so on. Mr. ROSENTHAL. So your study didn't take into account the final net cost to the consumer because in most of those cases he was carrying credit charges. Mr. Ross. We studied the prices rather than the price plus the interest. Mr. ROSENTHAL. In those low-income areas that is often a rather fictitious price. Mr. Ross. Well, it is the price and the study was made in a sense in the same way as we collect data for the Consumer Price Index. That is, by ascertaining the price for goods meeting certain specifications.. We weren't equipped or financed in this study to actually do it on a consumer-by-consumer basis, find out which consumers paid cash, which paid credit, what credit arrangements they used, and so on. 88-533 O-68-----6 PAGENO="0070" 66 An analysis also was made from the Bureau's existing records of the comparative quality of rental housing. In general, homes occupied by low-income families were more often of lower quality than those occu- pied by families with higher incomes, even when they paid the same rent. Low-income families lived in poor-quality neighborhoods, and higher proportions of them occupied deteriorating or dilapidated housing at comparable rents. Heating equipment in housing occupied by low-income families was often inferior, and many of them had to share a bathroom with other families, without enjoying commen- surately lower rents for such deficiencies. It remains true that much of the information collected by BLS has not been published in a form that is most meaningful to the average consumer. Indexes, for example, are useful tools for market researchers, for economists in charting our battle against inflation, and for determining the amount of wage escalation in union-manage- ment contracts. The average consumer finds it difficult to relate an index to his own experience. The price data collected by BLS can be analyzed and presented in such a way as to be more understandable and useful to the individual consumer. Let me list some examples of how this can be done. I know that the committee will understand that the Bureau would require additional resources to develop a full-scale program of consumer edu- cation. Mr. ROSENTHAL. Let me ask you a question which is somewhat off the point here but is certainly relevant to this subcommittee. All the other information you collected about the discrepancy and differences between what the poor consumer pays or the poor renter gets in terms of housing, what you begin talking about on the bottom of page 3 and running to the top of page 4-do you make this informa- tion available to political scientists and Government leaders? Mr. Ross. Well, this information was published, Mr. Chairman, and it was widely noted in the press. Yes; it is certainly available to political scientists and the others you mentioned. I don't have infor- mation on how many of them have used it, but it was published and we did all we could together with the Commission on Food Marketing and the Office of Economic Opportunity to bring it to the attention of the public. There were press conferences, news releases; other devices of that type were used. I did see a few references to it on television news programs. I am not really up to date on the total exent of utilization of the survey. Mr. ROSENTHAL. But other than food items this other factual in- formation on inferior housing and credit costs together with the con- clusions you referred to, were they ever disseminated throughout either the Federal or State Governments? Mr. Ross. Yes. Well, Mr. Chairman, that study was made on con- tract for the Office of Economic Opportunity. We did publish a sum- mary in our publication the Monthly Labor Review which has a circu- lation of around 13,000 and is considered an authoritative magazine; *we published a summary there of the information concerning rental housing and other items. The full detail was supplied to the Office of Economic Opportunity because it was done on contract for them. I don't believe they have published it as yet. PAGENO="0071" 67 Now coming back to some examples of how the Bureau data could be presented more usefully to the consumer, I list five or six examples in my statement. 1. Prices of many items have pronounced seasonal fluctuations. This means that the items are better buys at certain times of the year. From its historical records, the BLS could develop seasonal patterns of prices, to advise consumers how they could save by making their pur- chases at specified times of the year. How much are prices generally reduced for sheets and towels during the January "white sales" or for furniture during the usual semiannual sales? When are prices reduced by closeouts of seasonal items of clothing and shoes? A. family might want to wait until winter to buy a used car if it knew that car prices are usually significantly lower in February than in July. For many food items, particularly if freezer space is available, advance buying during the seasonal low periods can result in considerable savings. It may be helpful to remind consumers that in some parts of the country fresh fruit and vegetables are higher in price in July when current crops have not reached the market in volume. A few weeks later, prices for these items will drop considerably. 2. Bureau data could be made more meaningful by presenting more information on actual prices in dollars and cents. In my statement I say actual prices in dollars and cents. I might add it might be possible also in the major areas to present some more information on the range of prices for a given period, the range of prices encountered by our field collectors in the stores or other establishments which they sam- pled. For example, the food component of the Consumer Price Index went up in May, partly because lettuce prices increased. This kind of information is not nearly as meaningful to the consumer buyer as if he were to be told that the average price of lettuce in his home city went from 29 to 39 cents per head. I might add that it might be even more meaningful if he were told that among the stores in the BLS sample during July lettuce prices ranged from 25 to 45 cents per head. Thus he would know whether the price he has been paying is at the high end or low end of the range or above or below the range which we en- countered in our sample. Mr. ROSENTHAL. What could he do once he had that information? Mr. Ross. This would be information. This would be along the lines of consumer education and of course would be up to him and his family to decide what to do with it. Mr. ROSENTHAL. Could you give us an example of how he could best put that information to use? Mr. Ross. Well, I suppose if he should learn from this information that he was purchasing at a price at the high end of the range avail- able in his community, he would look around and purchase it at an- other store where he would get it at the average or the low end of the range. In other words, it would, I think, put him on notice that he might be able to obtain the same item more advantageously. This information could be tied in with publications regularly issued by the Department of Agriculture on the supply and price outlook for food of all kinds, to assist the consumer in planning his food budget. The same kind of information could also be provided, at least on a national or regional basis, for many other consumer items, such as men's suits, ~omen's dresses, refrigerators, hospital rooms, etc. I emphasized the PAGENO="0072" 68 last point because I think there is some tendency in discussions of this type to emphasize pretty heavily food. Of course, we all know that food represents about 23 percent of the budget of urban wage and salary earners and smaller percent of the budget of more affluent groups, so in discussing consumer education we ought not stop at food but also consider what can be done for other items. If prices for more items, either average prices or a range of prices, were published for a greater number of localities, consumers might be able to determine whether items they are considering are really the bargains that sellers claim them to be. If they were able to obtain a reasonable estimate of what they should exnect to pay for an item, they cnuld be in a position to be more careful shoppers. 3. There appears to be a great deal of confusion in the minds of consumers about the price per unit represented by different sizes of packages. Because of its present method of collecting price data, the Bureau's existing price records do not provide a comniete answer to this question. With an expansion of coverage to include a broader cross-section of package sizes, however, we could advise consumer of per-unit differences in prices for various package sizes. This comes back to the point I made with respect to our survey of food costs for poor and affluent consumers. The price per pound or per unit is generally higher for the smaller packages with so many hund- reds of consumer goods and such a confusing variety of package sizes. We don't presently have a good samp1e of prices for all sizes of pack- ages for all goods but this is something which conceivably could be done. We also could provide information on changes in per-unit prices as new package sizes are introduced, or old ones are altered. 4. A major area in which BLS data could be made more useful to consumers is that of family budgeting. In connection with our forth- coming reports on standard budgets, we are planning to prenare pamphlets in popular form. More could he done along this line than we now are presently able to do. It would involve further simplifica- tion of the manner in which the budgets are presented, and their adaptation to various types and sizes of families. The results would provide a "norm" against which individual families could measure their own spending for various classes of goods and services. I know Mrs. Ross and I have discu~~ions approximately once a month on why we are spending so much. This often conies down to the question of whether we are spending too much for food. Are we spend- ing too much for recreation? Are we spending too much for the auto? And so forth. I think probably most families have this type of discus- sion about once a month it would probably help them to know how their exnenditures for their particular items compare with the aver- age for families in their income group. The data which the Bureau gathers on consumer income and ex- penditure, as well as the work that is done in preparing the standard budgets, could be exploited further. For example, we could prepare pamphlets on "the cost of running a house," or "the cost of owning and operating a car," or "the cost of rearing a child." These are sub- jects on which we receive many inquiries. We do the best we can with these inquiries but we are not able to handle them at all. Most of the basic data needed to produce them are contained in the results of our consumer expenditure surveys, but `V PAGENO="0073" 69 they have not been organized and interpreted in such a way as to be meaningful to consumers. I might say that we have probably the best staff of economists and statisticians whfrh is enjoyed by any government agency anywhere in the world, but these people are not necessarily the best equipped to interpret for the lay public and to present in such a way as to be most helpful. This type of information for the consumer and his wife- Mr. ROSENTHAL. Do you think if you turned over some of the special studies you have or some of the information to the Walt Disney or- ganization and told them to make a 15-minute short on it that they could probably be helpful? Mr. Ross. Why I think so. T might say BLS does get a good deal of mileage, not from Walt Disney yet, but we do from newspapers, magazines, television programs, and so forth, where they have people on their staff who are better than we are at making something meaning- ful to the average lay person. Mr. ROSENTHAL. I was looking at page 2 of a BLS publication entitled "The Consumer Price Index, January 1964, A Short Descrip- tion." In there is a sentence, "the Consumer Price Index is used widely by the general public to guide family budgeting and to understand what is happening to family finances." Do you really think it's used widely by the general public? Mr. Ross. I would like to comment on that. I am about one para- graph short of finishing my statement. Let me finish it and then I will come right to that question. 5. If we are to make our data more meaningful and understandable to consumers, more creative ways must be found to disseminate the information. We will have to discover the best ways of getting the information into the hands of the consumers themselves as well as to persons and agencies who help consumers, such as newspapers and magazines, social welfare agencies, women's organizations, home economics teachers, et cetera. In summary, the Bureau's present program is being enhanced as we complete our work on standard family budgets. Nevertheless, there are a number of steps that can make them more useful such as the points I have enumerated. The Bureau hopes to improve its program continually to better serve the needs of the American consumer. Now. Mr. Chairman, you called attention to a statement in our pamphlet concerning the price index that the Consumer Price Index is widely used by the general public to guide family budgeting. We also pointed out here that it is used extensively in labor-management con- tracts to adjust wages, long-term leases, other types of long-term con- tracts. In addition, it is used as a measure of changes in the purchas- ing power of the dollar for such purposes as adjusting royalties, pensions, welfare payments, all money- Mr. ROSENTHAL. It is used by a lot of professionaTs, but I was interested in the statement that it is used widely by the general public. Mr. Ross. Well, that I think would have to be regarded as a hopeful statement. I would say that we do get a lot of correspondence. Over the year, including our regional offices, we probably get tens of thousands of inquiries concerning price trends, so that is some indica- tion of interest among the general public. PAGENO="0074" 70 I find it difficult to answer your question very precisely. I am sure if we could, and were to do the things set forth in my statement, it would be used more widely. and more usefully. Mr. ROSENTHAL. Let me say this much, Commissioner. I want to commend you for your statement. It is unusual for a bureaucrat to come before this congressional committee and not give five reasons why they can't do something. You have given us five things that you can do with just a little effort and initiative, and I presume with some extra funds from the Congress; you could take the information that you presently have, and with your presently existing staff, convert it into more meaningful and more useful information for the general public, which really, I suppose, is our mission in life. Mr. Ross. Yes, sir. Mr. ROSENTHAL. For that I really want to commend you; for being creative and coming here today with some new ideas, new recommen- dations, and it indicates, at least to me, that you folks have not merely been collecting data, but have been thinking of ways to communicate with the consumer, so he can convert this information to his own good interest. Mr. Ross. We appreciate that comment, Mr. Chairman. Mr. ROSENTHAL. You do~ presently, Commissioner, gather data for the Consumer Price Index in 56 TJ.S. cities, but publish this informa- tion only in ~3 cities having a population of a million or more. Why don't you make the same information available to the other cities, where you collect it, but don't publish it? Mr. Ross. Well, there are two answers to that. The most important answer i.s that in most of these 56 cities, the sample is not sufficiently large as to yield city by city information for all of these diverse items and services. Another part of the answer is that the policy of the Bureau of the Budget, which, of course, is an important influence on the statistical program of Government agencies, is to limit the publication of area information to the largest areas, I think, on the grounds that if the Government, in addition to its national program, publishes area infor- mation beyond the largest areas, there are so many hundreds of them, it might be difficult to know where to stop. Mr. ROSENTHHAL. Do you have any notion of how many private citizens receive the Consumer Price Index either on your mailing list, or some other method of distribution? Mr. Ross. I will supply, to the committee, Mr. Chairman, some in- formation about the number of our own publications on the Consumer Price Index that is requested. (The information referred to follows:) The Washington office mailing lists for consumer price reports include approxi- mately 10,300 namea In addition, there are about 28,900 names on mailing lists maintained by our six regional offices. Names are put on mailing lists only at the specific request of the person or organization wishing to receive the informa- tion regularly. Mr. Ross. A lot of the requests come through our regional offices and I don't have that information at my fingertips, but I could obtain it. I would guess, however, that the great majority of private citizens learn about price trends through newspapers, magazines, and other organizations that pick up our material and disseminate it. PAGENO="0075" 71 Mr. ROSENTHAL. Are you satisfied with the way that the mass media disseminates the information you make available to them? Mr. Ross. Well, I think they do a pretty good job. I always feel that it is hard for me to tell the reporters and educators how to do their job. I feel there is some inclination in reporting the OPT to milk it for the sensation value of what often happens-that is, a new alltime high of the OPT, if it goes up a tenth or two-tenths in a month. Of course, the consumer price index does have a natural tendency to drift upward, even in a non-inflationary period, because service prices, I think for pretty good economic reasons, have a tendency to drift upward. So that a study was made last year, going back to the beginning of the OPT was made, and except for the period of the thir- ties, which is a depression we wouldn't want to repeat, I found in the great majority of all months, there was some increase in OPT. It is kind of a natural thing. I think the press tends to milk that point a little harder than I would. I think the press probably emphasizes food somewhat out of proportion to the importance of food in the family budget. Of course, I think per- haps that reflects the feeling of consumers. There is something which I call the bacon syndrome. Housewives are particularly sensitive to changes in the price of food, and especially for some reasons, to changes in pork and bacon prices. There may be some sensitivity there which is, maybe one of the reasons why two of the world's leading religions have proscribed the consumption of bacon and other pork- Mr. ROSENTHAL. What came first, the bacon or the Consumer Price Index? [Laughter.] Mr. Ross. I think the former. But, I found that the newspapers and the housewives both suffer from this bacon syndrome, and tend to put more weight on it than it is worth. I know sometimes, other things like women's apparel, which cost more than bacon, go up more, and we don't get any complaints, but each time the price of bacon goes up, every Government official gets an awful lot of hate mail. Mr. ROSENTHAL. Do you think there would be an across-the-board savings on behalf of the American consumer if they made better use of information you publish? Mr. Ross. Yes; I do, indeed. I believe that-I am sure-if we could do more to help them, they would, because most families are conscious that their income is restricted and ti7 to spend their income intelli- gently, so I am sure that most families would be glad to have more assistance. Mr. ROSENTHAL. If they did get more for their money by following some of the recommendations you make, would that, in your judgment, stimulate the free market economy? Mr. Ross. Well, I think so. The free market economy is a competitive economy. It is the policy of the U.S. Government to make it and keep it as competitive as possible. Competition, as we know from elementary economics, assumes that the people competing in the market have knowledge. In other words, competition gives good results assuming that the producers, the sellers, the consumers, the workers, everybody else in the free market, is operat- ing on the basis of intelligent thinking and sound information, so I am sure that better dissemination of consumer information would give PAGENO="0076" 72 better results. That is to say, lower prices and better quality in the free market. Mr. ROSENTHAL. Now, are you satisfied about what the press does, aside from dramatic rises such as milk, have you found the press useful in disseminating information that would be concretely useful to the consumer. Mr. Ross. Oh, yes. Mr. ROSENTHAL. You said in your statement, it is better to buy a used car in February than July. Have you ever seen anything like this reported in the press? Mr. ROSS. Well, I don't recall that particular statement. I don't want to single out different newspapers, or magazines for comment. I would say some of them do a better job than others. I have seen in some newspapers and magazines, particularly valuable treatments of consumer budget information and of the CPI, and the wholesale price index, what they are, what they measure, how they can be used by the consumers, what they show, and so forth. The particular point about seasonal fluctuations has been dealt with quite adequately in some treatments I have seen. For example, one newspaper had a series of five long-I think almost a page long each-articles last year, on the Consumer Price Index, and the man who wrote that had the space to give a very adequate treatment. Mr. ROSENTHAL. Some of the studies you have made for the `Con- sumer Price Index on the costs of such items as mortgage insurance, real estate property taxes, insurance rates, appliance costs, clothing, and so forth are published on a national basis rather than a city by citywide basia Wouldn't it be more useful if it were published on a citywide basis, or a communitywide basis? Mr. RoSS. I think I will ask Mr. Chase to comment on that. Mr. CHASE. It certainly would be more useful. It goes back to the problem the Commissioner mentioned earlier, that the samples outside of food are too small to support separate city indexes for these other items. Mr. ROSENTHAL. Is that because you don't have enough people to take samples, or you don't choose to take larger samplings? Mr. CHASE. We don't have enough resources to do it on a city by city basis. Mr. Ross. Collection of prices is a pretty expensive process. There are just so many hundreds of different goods and services which have to be sampled. There are hundreds of cities. In each city, there are many types of stores, discount houses, chain stores, independents, supermarkets, and so forth. So that it is a pretty complicated task to get a sample of `all these different variables. Of course, there are different qualities, of merchandise, different package sizes, all kinds of variations. There are really millions of dif- ferent prices in the economy, and I think Mr. Chase is correct that right now we don't have the budget which would permit publication of city by city prices for all these items. We would have to get bigger samples in each cit3 Mr ROSENTHAL Do your field clerks check stores the same day of each month~ Mr RosS No PAGENO="0077" 73 I will ask Mr. Chase to say something about the scheduling of price collections. Mr. ROsENTHAL. Take as an example, the city of New York, where you check food prices. Do you do it on the same day of each week, or month? Mr. CHASE. On food prices, the collection is done on Tuesday, Wednesday, and Thursday. It is always on those three days of a week, before the 15th. In other words, it may be the first or second week in different months, and all the work is done on those 3 days, but it is not done in the same store on the same day month after month. There is a variation. Mr. ROSENTHAL. A store manager would not have any incentive to change prices to satisfy any special desire he might have in impressing your collector? Mr. CHASE. We don't think so, because he doesn't know precisely when our agent is going to be there. The agent observes the prices posted on the shelves, so that the manager would have to sell at that price to any customers that were there that day. Mr. Ross. In any case, the store manager has no particular motive in impressing our price collector. His prices go into an index along with many, many other sellers, and I don't think there would be enough in it for him to change it., Mr. ROSENTHAL. I am intrigued by this fact though-some people say many large stores raise prices on a Saturday for various commer- cial reasons. Yet, you don't check prices on Saturday. Mr. Ross. On the other hand, Mr. Chairman, many food stores, in particular, have their weekend specials and the food industry has often said that it wishes we would collect our prices on Friday and Saturday when they have the weekend specials, particularly on meat, `because so many people buy meat for the week on Friday and Saturday, and they buy it more cheaply than the Tuesday, Wednesday, Thursday prices. Now we are basically interested in the indexes. Mr. ROSENTHAL. You collect your prices only on the days `Congress is in session. [Laughter.] Mr. Ross. Yes, sir. Mr. CHASE. The reason we don't collect on Saturday, is that it is a very busy time in the stores. It would be very difficult to get the at- tention of the manager on a Saturday. Mr. ROSENTHAL. But, you said you don't need his attention. You check prices off the shelves. Mr. CHASE. We do both. We check the price on the shelf, but if there is any change in the price or change in the sizes of packages or any- thing of that sort, it is checked with the manager after we observe what the price is. Generally, the prices in effect on Thursday are also the prices in effect on Saturday, so that we think we get in most cases the Saturday prices by doing the pricing on Thursday. Mr. ROSENTHAL. Going back to one other thing, Commissioner, you said that you answer tens of thousands of letters to individual con- sumers. I would assume that it takes a fair amount of manpower to answer these letters. PAGENO="0078" 74 Is it conceivable that you could take some of that creative manpower now used to answer letters, and put them to work converting some of the statistical material into useful forms for the consumer? Mr. Ross. It is something I would like to think over. We do have our correspondence units in all our regional offices, and in Washington. Many of the letters can be answered on a pretty routine basis by send- ing out the appropriate publication or by looking up some information and answering it. I am not sure the people in the correspondence units would necessarily have the talent to write pamphlets and booklets, of a consumer education character. Mr. ROSENTHAL. But, if we did get Walt Disney's firm, or some Madison Avenue firm to take this document and make it interesting, it would be pretty useful. Mr. Ross. Well, I think whether we do it, or the information indus- try does it or Walt Disney or whoever does it, I think there is a great deal of mileage that could be secured from it. Mr. ROSENTHAL. In my view, there is a wealth of information in this material that you have gathered, but it has never really been put to its maximum use, because of a lack of complete information or orientation. Mr. Ross. That's right. I think more could be done. It has not been the concept of BLS that it is essentially a consumer education agency. I think it is probably true that our information is just essential to all kinds of specialized groups like the governmental establishments, the Congress, labor community, management community, market re- searchers, business planning, the academic community, and so forth. While we do feel that a great deal of information does get out to the general public, I don't believe it has yet been the concept of BLS that Congress has asked us to do this on a systematic or blanket basis. Much more could be done. Mr. ROSENTHAL. If we asked you to do it, you feel you have the re- sources to make the adjustment to do a good and useful job in this endeavor? Mr. Ross. Yes, sir. Mr. ROSENTHAL. Mr. Myers? Mr. M~j~ns. Thank you, Mr. Chairman. Mr. Ross, as I understand it, the information that you do collect- you publish a monthly magazine called the Consumer Price Index with a 12,000 circulation; is that correct? Mr. Ross. No, sir; that is not quite the case; for one thing, we have a monthly press conference which Mr. Chase and I conduct. Mr. MYEns. Do all the news media participate in this? Mr. Ross. Yes. it is very well attended. The last one we had was- when? Mr. CHASE. The 28th of June. Mr. Ross. Yes. We are having one tomorrow, as a matter of fact. [Laughter.] Tomorrow's press conference will be held in a conference room in the Labor Department. There will be some dozen-I don't know how many-people from magazines, newspapers, radio, sometimes televi- sion, and we give in an integrated way all of the indexes for the current Consumer Price Index and the wholesale price index, with all the breakdowns and a preliminary version of the wholesale price index for the next month. PAGENO="0079" 75 We have tried to bring it all together. We used to issue it spasmod- ically during the month., We now issue it all at the same time to try to give a total picture. That is one thing we do. That usually gets pretty good coverage. Then later on we issue a more complete statement for the month that gives a lot of detail that isn't covered in our press conference and the release at that time. Mr. MYERS. Again this goes to the news media, Mr. Ross. There is also a very large m'ailin~ list for that. Mr. MYERS. Who does this go to? What kind of mailing list? Mr. Ross. The mailing list would include gall kinds of people. I would like to supply for the record at this point, if I can, some analy- sis of the mailing list. Mr. ROSENTHAL. Without objection. (The analysis of the mailing list referred to follows:) An analysis of the classes of organizations and persons included has been made only for one of the Washington office mailing lists. It showed the following distribution: Clacs of organivcttion or indivIdual Percent All classes 100 Business organizations 17 Labor organizations 7 Professional organizations and individuals 13 Educational institutions (including libraries) 13 Government agencies (Federal, State, municipal, and foreign) 12 All others 38 Mr. Ross. I know it goes to business firms, labor organizations, vari- ous types of journalists, it goes to marketing research people, adver- tising agencies, social welfare organizations and so on but I would rather give you the precise breakdown. Mr. MYERS. But in all of these relatively few of the consuming public really get this information. Mr. Ross. I would say that is true, yes. The magazine I mentioned is the Monthly Labor Review-I am sorry I don't have a copy with me- but that is the general journal or magazine of the Bureau of Labor Statistics. We summarize the price data in it also. We have many special arti- cles in the Monthly Labor Review about prices. It has a circulation of 13,000. Obviously that is somewhat fewer than the circulation of Life magazine and it doesn't go to a large proportion of consuming families. Mr. MYERS. Then the information you are now getting through your department or subdepartment or whatever you call it, the only way the consuming public really gets it is from the newspaper, radio, or television; is that correct? And there is a chart there which has no explanation really- Mr. Ross. Well, some newspapers have a pretty good explanatory story. Some don't. Mr. MYERS. But this is the only way, now, that you are disseminat- ing your information. Mr. Ross. Well, that is not quite the full story, Mr. Myers, because after all, in our democracy there is `a lot of information that gets around to people indirectly. For example, there are consumer organi- PAGENO="0080" `76 zations-consumer research or consumer cooperative organizations. They make tremendous use of our material. Some trade unions, al- though not all, have consumer programs. I, when I get a chance, try to follow trade union publications. They sometimes have consumer columnists and quite a good deal of consumer information. There are, I think, all kinds of organizations that do make use of consumer information and they get it to the public that way. We do have a great many inquires from consumers although certainly only a small proportion of total consumers would be corresponding with us directly. Mr. MYERS. Now some of the information you get, does that go into the cost of living figure we see published? Mr. Ross. That is our information. Mr. MYERS. You mean that is the cost of living that we see, the index- Mr. Ross. The consumer price index which I have been referring to is generally known as the cost of living index. That is our index. Mr. MYERS. Well, you say, here, you don't go into a lot of areas such as cost of mortgage loans and automobiles and so forth- Mr. Ross. No, sir; I didn't say that. Mr. MYERS. I thought that was in the statement. Mr. Ross. No. We have to distinguish between the index and the publication of actual dollars and cents prices. We publish-I wonder- Mr. MYERS. I just got this statement but I thought I remembered you saying something-well, you know what you said. Mr. Ross. No. I didn't say that. We do publish an index- Mr. MYERS. Excuse me. I stand corrected. Mr. Ross (continuing). For all significant items of consumption. We have indexes for the Nation and the 20 largest cities on autOmo- biles, for example, and on mortgage interest- Mr. Mriu~s. I know where I got that information. You were talkin about the cost of living, the poor, housing areas and so forth and sai you didn't consider their- Mr. Ross. That was the special study of living costs of the poor as compared to the affluent or nonpoor. That was a special inquiry we made at the request of the Food Marketing Commission and OEO, and we only took certain points of relevance there. Only certain types of consumer goods. Mr. MYERS. How many people do you have working now in your Department? Mr. Ross. The entire Bureau of Labor Statistics? Mr. MYERS. Yes. Mr. Ross. 1,600. Mr. MYERs. What is your budget? How much does this cost per year? Mr. Ross. I am referring to the entire program of the BLS, not just the price indexes. Mr. MYERS. CPI. Mr. Ross. Oh, that is another story, Mr. Myers. The answer to your question is that the consumer price index program costs us about $2 million a year. That is the budget which Congress gives us for that purpose. The employment on that program comes to about 175 peo- PAGENO="0081" 77 pie including people in Washington and our six regional offices. Above and beyond that there are some so-called daily rate employees who are hired on a more casual basis to help in the collection of prices in certain cities where our regular staff is not sufficiently large. Mr. MYERS. Now these letters that you say you received which run into the thousands, can you tell or have you tried to tell whether that comes from the consuming public or industry? Mr. Ross. Both. We get a lot of letters from the general public. We get a lot of letters from businessmen and the other financial organiza- tions and people in industry. But I don't wanb-I wouldn't want to claim that the average general consumer is directly in touch with BLS or that he gets a great deal of our information. Mr. MYERS. On pages 3 and 4 you talk about the housing and you also-the survey you made for OEO and the National Commission of Food Marketing- Mr. Ross. Yes. Mr. MYERS. You also talk about the poor usually buying in small quantities and from smaller stores where it was more expensive to buy. You also then go further and talk about five examples of how these people might improve their buying position. Do you think really there is anything you can do for those people? Do you think you can put out a pamphlet which you are suggesting that the people buying in smaller stores now could walk three blocks and buy cheaper, will they read the pamphlet? Mr. Ross. This listing of five items didn't have any particular refer- ence to poor people. The question that the chairman asked me to com- ment on was: What could the BLS do for consumers in general? Mr. MYERS. Most of the consumers are poor. I think we are, aren't we? Mr. Ross. Well, this study of the poor really was concentrating on a minority. Mr. MYERS. Who need the most help? Mr. Ross. Who need the most help. Obviously, different groups of consumers would have to be reached in different ways. My listing on pages 5, 6, 7, and 8 is rather general- the types of things that the Bureau might do for consumers in general. Of course there are all kinds of consumers, as you indicated. Mr. MYERS. Well, each day, especially in the last few weeks, we have been hearing charges all over the country that Congress should be doing more to help in poor areas. What do you suggest your agency might do to help these people? How would you reach these people? How can you reach these people who need the help but don't seem to be helping themselves and want somebody to help or do it for them? Mr. Ross. Well, I have to answer kind of off the cuff because in line with the request we had we were thinking about consumers in general. But off the cuff I would say that many of the poor people in slum and ghetto areas are very unsophisticated as consumers. Many of them have come up into the cities from the country, from rural areas re- cently. Many of them don't have a good education and they do not consume wisely. I am not really a poverty expert and I hate to pretend to be one, but I think that through community action organizations under the pov- erty program and various other ways, a great deal of work would PAGENO="0082" 78 have to be done in educating people like that, what the concept of budget means rather than getting whatever money you have and spending it on what might strike your fancy at the moment-some of the rudimentary elements of getting the most for your dollar. I know that Congress is considering legislation to make it imperative to tell consumers what interest rate they are paying. Of course I think that would be helpful to many consumers, although some of them don't have an awfully clear concept of what a percentage is. You say you are paying 20 percent a year for this credit jewelry or you are paying a real interest rate of 16 percent or 25 percent on this used ~car. I am not sure that would have an awful lot of meaning to many consumers. It would also involve that they understand just what the significance of that is. I think there is a big job to be done. I wouldn't suggest BLS can do it all, particularly when you come to the poor consumers who lack sophisticated background in handling income in an urban society. Mr. MYERS. I have been a country banker in a rural area-I come from one of those rural areas you talk about-we are very cost con- scious out there. I might add to what you are saying: I have been deal- ing with the public for about 15 years and I made lots of loans, and the peop]e that are really concerned about the rate ask, and the people that don't care I could sit here and tell them 10 times, walk out the front door and ask them and they wouldn't know what they pay. I don't know the answer to the question I asked you. You should always know the answer but I don't know. I think many of us are looking too. How do you approach this problem? These people are in the posi- tion they are because they don't have the desire that you and I have or they wouldn't be living there. They would be elevating themselves. They would be doing something about it. I don't know how you ap- proach the problem. Maybe you have suggestions since you have been working in this area. Mr. Ross. I don't know that I have any further suggestions. My own belief is that the bulk of the people who are poor do have a desire to make it up onto the high road of affluence that most of us are on. We are all poor consumers. We feel that way once a month when we pay the bills but the United States in general is an affluent society. The majority live decently and well. We have come to the point fortunately where poverty is no longer a general condition. It is a minority phenomenon. That is a sign of. progress. But on the other hand, it makes poverty less tolerable. I think when everybody was poor we used to talk about poor but proud, or the decent poor. Now when mos;t people are well off or better off, when even many of the manual workers have made it out of poverty, I think that pov- erty is regarded as shameful, a kind of social disease and it is probably much harder to take than it was when everybody was poor. I feel that the bulk of people who are poor want to make it into the mainstream of society. Now I agree fully with you that unless and until they have that de- sire, there is not much anyone can do for them. I am rather skeptical about motivation, giving people motivation the way you give pills. I think motivation has to come from within. I think it is coming. I PAGENO="0083" 79 think some of the terribly tragic and perverted things we are seeing this week around the country indicate the beginnings of motivation in the sense of expectations or wishes having been stimulated which run so far ahead of what is currently possible that it leads to all these frightful manifestations, so I think that there is a desire. Mr. MYERS. That is all I have. Mr. ROSENTHAL. Thank you. Mr. WYDLER? Mr. WYDLER. A great many things in our economy really are tied in with this index of yours, aren't they? Mr. Ross. Yes, sir. Mr. WYDLER. Do you know-for instance, are there still many labor union contracts that are drawn based on this index? Mr. Ross. Oh, yes. There are about 21/4 million union workers at the present time, who have their rates of pay adjusted periodically, gen- erally quarterly, but not always. Most of these contracts are tied to the national index, although there are a smaller number-for example, some in Los Angeles-that are tied to local indexes. In addition, the Federal civil service retirement benefits are ad- justed periodically on the basis of movements in the cost-of-living index. Military pensions are adjusted on the basis of movements in the cost-of-living index. A great many other types of things. For example, under some awards, alimony payments, there are long- term business contracts which are adjusted on the basis of either whole- sale or retail price movements. So that you are certainly correct in saying that many transactions are affected by these indexes. Mr. WYDLER. When was the last time this index, when the basis or any part of the basis on which this index is drawn up, was changed? Mr. Ross. Well, if you say any part of the basis, it would be very recently because we do try to improve it as we go along. The last overall revision would be January of 1964. Mr. WYDLER. And at that time were significant changes made?- in what parts? Explain what parts of the index were changed. Mr. Ross. Well, it is necessary periodically to make consumer ex- penditure surveys to find out what are the things that we ought to put into the index. For example, let's say we don't have saddles any more- Mr WYDLER. Change the commodities you are indexing. Mr. Ross. It is a matter of changing the market basket of goods and services. It is a matter of changing the weights. The overall CPI is weighted. So much percent for food. So much for apparel. As time goes on, we find that consumers spend their income in different pro- portions for different items. We have hundreds of items. I might say I have a lot of literature on all this if you want it for the record or I could give it to your staff director, Mr. Chairman.1 Mr. ROSENTHAL. That would be fine. Mr. Ross. But we occasionally have to make a very comprehensive consumer expenditure survey to find out how to weigh all these items. Mr. WYDLER. Go ahead. Mr. Ross. Then-I was going to say to identify what are the l~admg cities for which city information should be published and 1 The information requested has subsequently been furnished and is in the files of the subcommittee. PAGENO="0084" 80 the cities in which information should be collected and also the outlets. For example, there was a time when, oh, discount houses became popular so that we had to make sure we had discount houses in the sample although they hadn~t been previously. Now we have the suburbs, so we had to make sure we had enough of our sample in the suburbs. So these things are always being studied, and then periodically, after a certain number of years, there is a basic revision. Mr. WYDLER. In 1964 was this a significant change m the basic elements of `the index? Mr. Ross. Yes. It was fundamentally reworking of the whole thing. We do it every 10 years, although I suppose if we could write our own ticket and sign our own checks we would like to do it every 5 years but it is an expensive thing and it is up to Congress `to decide how often to do this. We do it every 10 years and `the next revision is scheduled to go into effect in 1975. Mr. WYDLER. Well, that is really what I was particularly concerned with. It is done on a regular basis? Mr. Ross. Oh yes, Mr. Wydler. I might say, to make a full-scale consumer expenditure survey costs several million dollars for `this com- prehensive revision. Mr. WYDLER. Something that bothered the people out where I come from, a suburban area outside of New York City in Nassau and Suf- folk County, is the fact that we are lumped in, with the metropolitan central area of New York City. I don't think, in many particular items, that makes too much sense any more. We have an almost totally dis- tinct situation out our way. For example, I know where the NassauJ Suffolk area is in the national picture. We claim now to be the fourth largest marketplace in the country, after three major cities. The Nassau/Suffolk area is the fourth largest consuming area in the United States of America. Yet we are just an appendage or a part of an area. We are not treated in any independent way for the pur- pose of getting our statistics together and using them. We are lumped in with New York City and are reported in this fashion. Mr. Ross. Yes. Mr. WYDLER. It seems to me to be a totally unrealistic viewpoint of the way the United States is developing, and I can't really see how you can justify that-this is a broad question, going to the Department of Labor-but I don't see how that can be justified any more. We want it changed, quite frankly. Mr. Ross. Yes. I would, without arguing the point, observe this: that primary stress is placed by the administration on the national index. Mr. WYDLER. For that purpose this makes no difference. Mr. Ross. The question of local indexes is somewhat controversial and we are permitted to publish them for the 23 areas. Now, within any area there are certain subareas. Certainly anything as vast as the New York City standard metropolitan area does have significant areas. Here again it is really a matter of the total size of the program and a sample. We don't have the sample that would make it possible, aside from the question of policy, to take an area like New York City or to take an area like Washington and distinguish between Anacostia, Bethesda, and downtown Washington, let's say, where there may well PAGENO="0085" 81 be differences, although certainly not as grewt as between Nassau County and Manhattan. But we don't have that. Now, there are some cases where there are local groups connected with chambers of com- merce or local colleges and universities which want to survey on a narrower basis `than we do in our program, and we are able to give them technical assistance. I might say there are some universities around the country that do have their own programs which are designed for these specialized local needs, and we try to give them help in showing them how to do it. Mr. WYDLER. I think there will be a look taken at this situation in the near future, so I wanted to give you the benefit of my thinking in case you happened to be asked about it in the Department. Mr. Ross. Yes. Well, I am aware certainly that New York is an extremely vast area with many differences. Mr. WYDLER. One thing, in conclusion in your statement, what really struck me rather strongly is this statement regarding the difference in the price of food in well-to-do and poor neighborhoods. If I under- stand what you say, it seems to me you say it is really a question of the fact that you don't have chainstores in the poverty areas. Would that he a fair- Mr. Ross. I wouldn't say there are no chainstores in poverty areas. Of course, there are some. But there are a larger proportion of the small neighborhood stores, the so-called mom and pop stores, small in- dependents, and a lesser availability of chainstores. Mr. WYDLER. Which you say accounts for the difference in the gen- eral cost. Mr. Ross. It accounts for much of the difference. There are also differences in the appearance of the stores, in the freshness of the merchandise, and so forth, which you sometimes find even between a chainstore in a slum area and a store of the same chain out in the suburbs, but the price differences, by and large, are related to dif- ferences in type of store. Mr. Wym~ru. Which would seem to me to be an indication of what might have to be done or the direction your efforts should take if you really wanted to eliminate or ameliorate, depending on how you look at it, that difference. Mr. Ross. Well, I know my friends in New York City have maids who live in Harlem, and they have tried to advise their maids to do their own shopping in the high-rent area near Central Park, let's say, from supermarkets rather than to go back in Harlem and buy there, so they can save money. That does indicate the lack of full availability 0ħ merchandising outlets in the slums Mr. WYDLER. Could you comment on the fact--I am just trying to figure in my own mind-why the cost would be higher under these circumstances? Is it more expensive to do business in low-income areas? Mr Ross No, I think it is more expensive-you don't get the econo mies of scale in a small independent mom and pop store that you do running a chain I don't ~e ant to argue for or ag'unst bigness I don't want to get into that, but it is certainly true that a chain can operate more economically in some ways than the small store. It has the ability to buy en masse, it has experts of all kinds, and usually can sell at lower prices. 88-5330-68----7 PAGENO="0086" 82 Mr. WYDLER, There wouldn't be any way you can think of to en- courage chains or large stores of this type to go into these areas? Mr. Ross. Well, I am sure there are ways it could be done, but I really haven't studied that. Mr. WYDLER. Possibly the cost of doing business in an area such as that, looking at our recent disturbances around the country, I would imagine your insurance rates, for example, must be tremendously difFerent-or they will be at least in the near future. I don't really know what they are. Mr. Ross. Well, I have been in the Watts area a couple of times since the riot there and I know that some of the chainstores have not been rebuilt, and I think there still is a shortage of chainstores in the Watts area. Mr. ROSENTHAL. One way Government could help would be through tax abatement or tax advantages of one sort or another to induce them to go into these areas. Mr. Ross. Yes. Mr. WYDLER. I thank the gentleman. Mr, ROeENTHAL. Thank you very much, Commissioner. Again, please accept my compliments. It has been a pleasure to have you, and I want to congratulate you on coming up with now thoughts and ideas. Maybe we can be useful in putting them into action. Your full statement, together with a descrintion of the CPI and the "Estimated Retail Food List for May 196~T" will be printed at this point in the record. (The information referred to follows:) PREPARED STATEMENT OF ARTHUR M. Ross, COMMISSIONER OF LABOR STATISTICS I have been requested to discuss with the Special Studies Subcommittee how Bureau of Labor Statistics data can be of help to consumers and how this in- formation might be more effectively presented and disseminated. Most consumers need and want help in the form of information to assist them in their shopping. In order to buy wisely, consumers need objectively-determined facts about the corpparative prices of the alternative products among which they must choose. Consumers need an appraisal of the current price situation. Which prices are rising? Which are falling? What are today's good buys? When is the best time of the year to buy various items? How much can be saved by deferring some purchases? How much can be saved by stocking up when prices are lowest? Many consumers also want help in developing family budgets. How much do persons in a particular Income bracket generally spend for clothing? How much does it cost to own and operate a car? The Bureau receives thousands of letters each year wanting to know the answers to such questions Many letters are referred to by Members of Congress. As you know, the Bureau does collect and analyze a great deal of informa- tion that is of value to consumers. We publish the thn'sumer Price Index, a statistical measure of changes in prices of goods and services bought by urban wage earners and clerical workers It is published monthly for the country as a whole and separately for 28 large metropolitan areas. On a national basis the detail's extend to `separate indexes published either monthly or quarterly for about 300 individual consumer items We also publish average retail prices for nearly 100 food items for the United States and the 12 largest metropolitan areas. I should like to make special mention of the Bureau's standard budget `studies, estimates of what it `costs in dollars and cents to maintain various standards of living Next month the Bureau will begin publishing new indexes c~f inter city differences in living costs The Bureau plans to publish cost estimates for a modest living standard separately for 89 metropolitan areas A U S urban average cost estimate `will also be published and, in fact, will be the "base" of the intercity (or interarea) indexes of living costs PAGENO="0087" 83 We do try to relate the in~ormatlon ~olleeted to the needs of consumers. Bureau representatives meet with consumer groups to show them how BLS data can be used. Sometimes, we coeperate with special commIssions or other groups in collecting dath. ~?or example, early last year, the Bureau made a special study for the National Commission on Food Marketing and the Office of Economic Opportunity comparing prices charged by stores located in low-income neighbor- hoods of six large cities with those dharged by stores located in higher income ne1ghtborhoods~ The purpese was to answer the question whether the poor pay more for important consumer Items. The poor paid more for food. ThIs Is because they more often bought their groceries in small independent stores where prices were usually higher than in large independent or chainstores. However, there were no significant differ- ences in prices for the same type of `store, whether located in low income or higher income neighborhoods. Thus, price differences for the same quality goods appeared to be associated with the size of store in which purc~hase's were made rather than with differences in the geographic location of the stores. Another factor brought out by the study was that the poor were more likely to pur- chase certain items in smaller sizes which made the nut cost higher. It was also observed that in general the condition of goods available in stores in low- income areas was inferio'r to that in stores in higher income areas. The stores in low-income neighborhoods tended to be less orderly and clean, and tlw meats and produce did not appear as fresh. With respect to other consumer items, the study showed that the prices for such appliances as washing madhines and television sets were higher in the n~eigh'bo'rhood `stores in the low-income sections of the cities. On the other `hand, the poor paid less for `such services as dry `cleaning, shoe `repairs, and `hair- `cuts, if they patronized neighborhood establishments. An analysis also was `made from the Bureau"s existing `record's of the coni- parative quality of `rental housing. In general, homOs occupied by low-income families `were more often of lower quality than those occupied by families with higher inconies, even When th~ey paid the same `rent. Low-income `families lived in poor-quality neighborhoods, and higher proportion's of them occupied deter- iorating or dilapidated housing at comparable rents. Heating equipment in housing occupied by low-income families `was o'ften inferior, and many of them had to share a bathroom with other families, witho'ut enjoying commensurately lower rents `for `suth deficiencies. It `remains true that `much of the information collected by BLS has not been published In a form that i's most meaningful to t'he average consumer, Indexes, for example, are useful tools for market researchers, `for economists In `chart- ing our `battle against inflation, and for determining the amount of wa'ge es- calation in union~management `contract's. But t'hey may not be very meaningful for most consumers. The average consumer finds it difficult to `relate an Index to hi's own experience. The pri'ce data collected by BLS can `be analyzed and presented in `su'ch a was as to be more understandable and useful to the Individual consumer. Let me li'st `some examples o'f `how this can be done. I know that the committee will understand that the Bureau would require additional `resources to develop a full-scale program of consumer education. 1. Price's of many items have pronounced `seasonal fluctuations. This means that the item's are better buys at certain times of the year. From~ its `historical records, the BLS could `develop seasonal pattern's of `prices, to advise `consumers bow they could `save by making `their purchases at specified time's of the year. How much a're prices generally `reduced `for sheets and towels during the January "white sales" or for furniture `d'uring the u'sual `semiannual sales? When are prices `redu'ced by closeouts of seasonal item's of `clothing and shoes? A family `might want to wait until `winter to `buy a used car if it knew that ca'r prices are usually significantly lo'wer in February than in July. For many food items, particularly if freezer `space is available, advance `buying during the seasonal lo'w periods can result in considerable savings. It may `be helpful to remind consumers that in some parts o'f the country fresh fruit and vege- tables are higher in price in July `when current crops have not reached the mar- ket in volume. A `few week's later. prices `for t'hese items `will drop `considerably. 2. Bureau data could be made more meaningful by presenting more Informa- tion on actual average prices in `dollars and cents. For example, the foo'd com- ponent of the Consumer Price Index `went up in May, partly because lettuce prices increased. This kind of information is not nearly a'~ meaningful to the consumer buyer a's if he w'ere to be told that th~ average price of lettuce PAGENO="0088" PAGENO="0089" The CO~SU ~ junuOfY ~964~ A Short Descr'LPtIo" (85) PAGENO="0090" 86 Contents What the index is . . . . . *. . ~ Page The l~eaning of the index measurement . . , . . . . 2 Uses of the index ., . . . . 2 Brief histo~ ~ the id .. . . 3 The market basket . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3 Price data collec~on . . . . . 4 Index calculation . . . . . . 4 Limitations of the index . . . . . . . . . . . . tables: Explanations of the index formula . . . . . . 7 ~* Cities, popul io~ Weights and pricing Schedule for the revised Consumer Price Index . . . 9 2. Groups of goods and services priced for the revised Consumer Price Index, their December 1963 relative importance, and number of items priced . 11 1964 PAGENO="0091" 87 THE CONSUMER PRICE INDEX (Revised January 1964) What the Index Is The Constrrner Price Index (CPI) is a statistical measure of changes in prices of goods and services bought by urban wage earners and clerical workers,1 including families and single persons. The index is often called the "cost-of-living index," but its official name is Consumer Price Index for Urban Wage Earners and Clerical Workers. It measures changes in prices, which are the most important cause of changes in the cost of living, but it does not indicate how much families actually spend to defray their living ex- penses. Prior to January 1964, the complete name for the index was: Index of Change in Prices of Goods and Services Purchased by City Wage-Earner and Clerical-Worker Families to daintaiq Their Level of Living. The index covers prices of everything people buy for living--food, clothing, automobiles, homes, bousefurnishings, household supplies, fuel, drugs, and recreational goods; fees to doctors, lawyers, beauty shops; rent, repair costs,transportation fares, public utility rates, etc. It deals with prices actually charged to consumers, including sales and excise taxes. It also includes real estate taxes on owned homes, but it does not include income or personal property taxes. Through December 1963, the index applied only to families of two persons or more. With the January 1964 index, the coverage has been extended to include single workers living alone, Ac the same time, a separate new series index applying only to families of two persons or more is being computed for com- parability with the previous series. The average size of families represented in the index is about 37 persons, and the average family income in 1960-61 was about $6,230 after taxes. The average income after taxes of single persons represented in the index was about $3,560. The Meaning of the Index Measurement The index measures price changes from a designated reference period. Since 1962, the base reference period for the CPI has been the average of 3 years--1957, 1958, and 1959--as 100.0. (Index numbers are also available regularly on 1939° 100 and 1947-49" 100 bases, and they can be converted to any desired base period.) An index of 110 means there was a 10-percent increase in prices since the base period; similarly, an index of 90 means a 10-percent decrease. 1The definition of wage earners and clerical workers is based on the occupational classification used by the Bureau of the Census for the 1960 Census of Population and listed in the Alphabetical Index of Occupations and In- dustries. The group includes craftsmen, foremen, and kindred workers, such as carpenters, bookbinders, etc.; operatives and kindred workers, such as apprentices in the building trades, deliverymen, furnacemen, smelters, and pourers, etc.; clerical and kindred workers; service workers, except private household, such as waitresses, pcactical nurses, etc.; sales workers; and laborers, except farm and mine. It excludes professional, technical, and kindred workers, such as engineers and teachers; farmers and farm managers; managers, officials and proprietors, except farm; private household worliersi and farm laborers and foremen. A consumer unit included in the 1960-61 Survey of Consumer Expenditures was classified in the index group if more than half the combined income of all family members was obtained in a wage. earner and clerical-worker occupation and at least one family member was a full-time earner (i.e.. worked 37 weeks or more during the survey year). PAGENO="0092" 88 MOvem( the index from one date to another are Usually expressed as percent changes rather than changes in i~ points because index points are affected by the base period, while percent changes are not. The following example illustrates the difference between percent change and index points change: 11 Index points change Percent change The Bureau calculates a r City Avera~ Index..and a se-- individual city indexes measure ho~ they do not show whether prices or Ii consider the prices of a single item in ~ Price Year 1 Year II $0.30 $0.60 .40 .70 The price is higher in City B in each of the 2 years, but the relative increase ~n pri and therefore the index is lower. Uses of the Index Period 112.5 121.5 9.0 168.8 182.3 9.0 Trr5XlO0~ 8.0 Base C 225.0 243~~; 18.0 18.0 a in the United - City B New York and Chi~580 the mote extensive Standard Consolidated Areas are used. Revised in4~ additio~j Standard Metropo~~~50 Statistical Areas will be computed begin0~55 at various dates in 1965. 2. PAGENO="0093" 89 Brief History of the Index The Bureau of Labor St;tistics has been calculating the Consumer Price Index nearly five decades, The weighting factors, the lilt of items included in the market basket, and the cities in which price data were collected for. calculating the index have been updated several times during that period. Initially, they were based on a survey of expenditures by wage earners and clerical workers in 1917-19W Because people's buying habits changed substantially by the niid-1930's, a new study was m*de covering expenditures in the years 1934 36 which provided the basis for a comprehensively revised index introduced in 1940 with retroac tive calculations back to 1935 During World War II when many commodities were scarce and goods were rationed the index weights were ad;usted to reflect these shortages Again in 1950 the Bureau made interim adjustments based on surveys of consumer expenditures in seven cities between 1947 and 1949 to reflect the most important effects of immediate postwar changes in buying patterns This adjustment was foilowed by the first compre hensive postwar revision of the index which was completed in January 1953 At that time not only were the weighting factors, list of items, and sources of price data updated, but many improvements in pricing and calculation methods also were introduced The index has just undergone another comprehensive revision beginn ng with the index for January 1964 ic determine the current pattern of expenditures for goods and services by wage earners and clerical workers the Bureau made a Consumer Expenditure Su vey (CES) covering the period 196061 The sample of cities n the survey included 66 urban areas which were cho en to represent all urban places in he United States, including Alaska and Hawaii.1 Only 50 of the 66 areas comprise the list of cities in which price quotations are obtained for the index, (A list of the areas and cities is given in table 1.)5 In this most recent survey, as in those conducted earlier, a detailed record was obtained of the kind, qualities, and amounts of all goods and services bought by each consumer unit (family or single person living alone), and of the annual amount spent for each item. A totxl of 4,344 urban wage-earner and clerical-worker families and 517 single workers provided such records. The Market Basket It is not feasible or necessary to obtain current price quotations on everything that consumers buy in order to calculate a valid index of changes in consumer prices. About 400 items have been selected objec. tively to compose the "market basket" for current pricing, beginning with the January l9&4 "new series" indexes, Not all items are priced in every city, In order to make possible estimates of sampling error, two subaamples of items have been set up. These are priced in different cities and in different outlet samples, as indicated in table 1. The list includes the most important goods and services and a sample of the less important ones,6 In combination, these represent all items purchased. The content of this market basket in terms of items, quantities, and qualities is kept essentially unchanged in the index calculation between major revisions so that any movement of the index from one month to the. next is due solely to changes in prices. A comparison of the total cost of the market basket from period to period yields the measure of average price change. IThe Survey for Anchorage, Alaska, covered expenditures in 1959. 4me selection of the city sample is described in ~The Revised City Sample for the Consumer Price Index," Reprint No, 2352 from the October 1960 Monthly Labor Review, 5Six additional Standard Metropolitan Statistical itreas are being added to the national index in January 1966. 6Tbe complete list is available on request. PAGENO="0094" 90 Pric. Data CoIl.ct,on Prices are obtained by personal visit to a representative, sample of about 16,500 retail stores and service establishments where wage and clerical workers buy goods and services, including among the establishments chain stores, independent grocery stores, department and specialty stores, restaurants, professional people, and repair and service shops. Rental rates are obtained from about 34,000 tenants. Reporters are located both in the city proper and in suburbs of each urban area. Cooperation of reporters is completely voluntary and generally excellent. To insure that the index reflects only changes in prices and not changes due to quantity or quality differences, the Bureau has prepared detailed specifications to describe the items of the market basket. Specially trained Bureau representatives examine merchandise in the stores to determine whether the goods and services for which they record prices conform to the specifications. Where the precisely speci- fied item is not sold at a particular retail establishment, the Bureau's representative obtains a detailed technical description of the item on which prices are quoted, in order to insure that prices will be quoted on the same quality and quantity from time to time. Prices are collected in each urban location at intervals ranging from once every month to once every 3 months, as indicated in table I, with a few items surveyed semiannually or annually Because food prices change frequently, and because foods are a significant part of total spending, food pricing is con- ducted every month in each urban location. Prices of most other goods and services are collected every month in the five largest urban areas and every 3 months in all other places. Pricing of foods is done on 3 consecutive days each month; rents and items for which prices are obtained by mail are reported as of the 15th of the month; pricing of other items extends over the entire calendar month. The Bureau uses mail questionnaires to obtain data on streetcar and bus fares, public utility rates, newspaper prices, and prices of certain other items which do not require personal visit by Bureau agents. For a number of items, e.g., borne purchase, college tuition, used cars, magazines, etc., data collected by other Government agencies or private organizations are used, Index Calculation A standard statistical formula7 is used to calculate the Consumer Price Index from prices for the market basket items. Average price changes from the previous pricing period to the current month are expressed in percentage terms for each item, and the percent changes for the various goods and services are combined, using weighting factors based on the item's importance in family spending and that of other items which it represents. This composite im)ortance is called the cost weight of the market basket item. Table 2 shows the relative importance of the various groups and subgroups in the U.S. index as of December 1963, together with the number of items priced. There is a set of separate cost weights for each of the 50 urban locations included in the index, The following hypothetical example for pork illus- crates the index procedure: 7See Explanation of the Index Formula, p. 7. Percent September Increase in cost October Sample September October price cost weight due to cost item price price change weight price change weight Pork chops - - $0.75 $0.77~4 + 3 $15.00 $0.45<15,00x,03) $15.45 Ham - - - - .80 .82 +2~ 8.00 .20~ 8.00*025) 8.20 Bacon - - - 1.00 1.02 + 2 10.00 .20~l0.00x.02) 10.20 $33.00 $33.85 -4- PAGENO="0095" 91 Identical results could be obtained for pork by multiplying prices each period by the implied physical quantities included in the market basket, as illustrated below: Implied September October Sample quantity September cost October cost Item (pounds) price weight price weight Pork chops ------. 20 $0.75 $15.00 $0.77'% $15.45 Ham 10 .80 8.00 .82 8.20 Bacon 10 1.00 10.00 1.02 $33.00 $33.85 The average change in pork prices is computed by comparing the sum of the cost weights in October with the comparable sum for September, as follows: October cost weight !~2.!5x1oo-lo2 6 September cost weight $33.00 - This means that pork prices in October were 102.6 percent of (or 2.6 percent higher than) pork prices in September. Although the second method may appear simpler, in reality it is not. Deriving the implied quantity weights is an extra operation. Furthermore, the second formulation greatly complicates the handling of the numerous substitutions of reporters and items which occur constantly in repetitive index work. Conse- quently, the first method is the one actually used for the CPI. The second illustration, however, may assist the user to understand the meaning of the index mechanism. After the cost weights for each of the items has been calculated, they are added to area totals for commodity groups and all items. The U.S. totals are obtained by combining area totals, with each area total weighted according to the proportion of the total wage.earner and clerical-worker population which it repre- sents in the index based on 1960 Census figures.8 In this process, it is necessary to make estimates for cities in which price data are not collected in a given month. Finally, the U.S. totals for the current and previous months are compared to compute the average price change. Limitations of the Index The Consumer Price Index is not an exact measurement of price changes. It is subject to sampling errors which cause it to deviate somewhat from the results which would be obtained if actual records oi all retail purchases by wage earners and clerical workers could be used to compile the index. These esti- mating or sampling errors are not mistakes in the index calculation. They are unavoidable. They could be reduced by using much larger samples, but the cost is prohibitive. Furthermore, the index is believed to be sufficiently accurate for most of the practical uses made of it, Another kind of error occurs because people who give information do not always report accurately. The Bureau makes every effort to keep these errors to a minimum, and corrects them whenever they are dis- covered subsequently. Precautions are taken tn guard against errors in pricing, which would affect the in- dex most seriously. The field representatives who collect the price data and the commodity specialists 8Table I shows the cities included in the ~PI as of January 19(~ ~. their population weights, and their pricing schedules. PAGENO="0096" -6. PAGENO="0097" Explanation of th. Index Formula In the absence of ma~or weight revisions or sample changes, the i expressed as: ~I(~oPi) (1) ~i:o X 100 This is the c ,, oversimpl held constant betwet quaAtity price cit a weight revision (most i is the current month a is the period of the most recent consumer expenditure survey (196061) from which the revised weights were derived o is the reference base period of the index (l9~7.59). The (civ) or (qp~5) base "weights" for a given priced item are the average expenditures In a weight base period represented by that item (including expenditures for the item itself and for other simrn ilar non.priced items). In actual practice, this expenditure is projected forward for each pricing period by the price relative for the priced item: (~aPi) = (~aPi.;)(~) y, December 1963) .7. PAGENO="0098" 94 In practice then, the index formula is as follows. Z(~~~.5) ~ ~ `i:o `~ ~ 100 (~) remains fixed between major weight revisio05 Thus, although the cost weight changes with eve~ Change in price, the implicit quantity (~) or The long.tegm price relative for each priced item (~~) in reality is: Ri:o ~(4)'(~9.~). That is, R. is the product of a number of short.term relatives The superscripts on the p's indicate that these average prices are not necessarily derived from identical samples of outlets and apecificatjo0s over long periods, This chaining of monthly, or quarterly, price relatives based on compa~ble specifics. and outlets, tions in successive periods allows the requisj~~ flexibili~ to make substitutions of items, specifica~0~5 *8. PAGENO="0099" £ Standard Metropolitan Statistical Areas of 1,400,000 or more in 1960: Baltimore, Md Boston, Mass Chicago-Northwestern Indiana4- -- Cleveland, Ohio Detroit, Mich Los Angeles-Long Beach, Calif - - - NewYork-Northeastern New Jersey4 Philadelphia, Pa Pittsburgh, Pa St. Louis, Mo San Francisco-Oakland, Calif Washington, D. C B. Standard Metropolitan Statistical Areas of 250,000 to 1,399,999 in 1960: Atlanta, Ga Buffalo, N. Y Dallas, Tex Dayton, Ohio Denver, Cob Hartford, Conn Honolulu, Hawaii Indianapolis, md Nashville, Tenn Seattle, Wash Wichita, Kans C. Standard Metropolitan Statistical Areas of 50,000 to 249,999 in 1960: Austin, Tex Bakersfield, Calif Baton Rouge, La Cedar Rapids, Iowa Champaign-Urbana, Ill Durham N. C. Green Bay, Wis Lancaster, Pa Orlando, Fla Portland, Maine 3.267 2.347 3.267 2.210 2.174 2.348 .354 2.209 3.266 2.173 2.210 1.250 1.323 1.250 1.284 1.284 1.250 1.284 1.803 1.250 1.803 x S x S S S S x S x x S 95 Table 1. (.~*,.s, Population WeIghts, and PrIcIng Schet... for the RevIsed Consumer Pric. lnd.x CITY AND SIZE STRATUM POPULATION WEIGHT1 PRICING SCHEDULE2 FOOD3 OTHER ITEMS ~ SAMPLES SCHED~.EL 1.402 1.930 5.552 1.325 2.895 5.017 12. 577 2.703 1.565 1.428 2.372 1.255 S S S S S I S S S 1A,2B 1A,2B 1A,1B,2A,2B 1A,2B 1A,28 1A,2B 1A,2B 1A,2B 1A,2B 1A,2B 1A,1B,2A,2B 1A,1B,2A,2B 1A,2B 1A,2B 1A,2B 1A,2B 1A,2B 1A,2B 1A,2B 1A,2B 1A,2B 1A,2B lA 2B 1A,2B 1A,1B,2A,2B 1A,2B 1 2 2 1A,2B 1A,2B 1A,2B 1 1 1A,2B 2 x S S S S S S S S S .9. PAGENO="0100" T0~i. 1~ ..ifie~, PopuJot05 for th. Revised Consume, ---ecce, Ala .. 1C'ngstoc, N. y Klamath Fails, Oreg Logansport lad Macgum, Okia Mattinsville, Vs McAllen, Vex Millville, N. j Niles, Mi~h Orem, tJta1~ South~ricige, Mass 4Stsnds,d COnsolidated Ateas~ 1.171 1.33g 1.352 1.226 1.227 1.227 1.171 1.351 1.339 1.170 96 Union, ~ ~ 1.227 1 Wcksburg, Miss 1.226 2 2 /11:1: -10. PAGENO="0101" - GROUPS RELATIVE IMPORTANCE 5All items 100.00 *Food 22.43 5Food at home 17.89 *Cereals and bakery products Cereals Bakery products 5Meats, poultry, and fish---- Meats Beef and veal Pork Other meats Poultry Fish 5Dairy products 2.80 *Frujts and vegetables 3.02 Fresh fruits Fresh vegetables Processed fruits and vegetables *Other food at home 3.99 Eggs Fats and oils Sugar and sweets Nonalcoholic beverages-- Prepared and partially prepared foods 5Food away from home 4.54 5Housing 33.23 Shelter 20.15 *Rent 5.)0 Hotels and motels .38 5Fiome ownership 14.27 Purchase and financing -- Taxes and insurance - - Maintenance and repairs-. Commodities Services *Fuel and utilities 5.26 *Fuel oil and coal .73 5Gas and electricity 2.71 Other utilities 1.82 eHousehold furnishings and operation 7.82 Textile houseiurnishings --- .61 Furniture 1.44 Floor coverings .48 Appliances 1.36 Other houseiurnishings - - - - .83 Housekeeping supplies - --- 155 Housekeeping services ---- 1.55 97 Table 2. Groups of Goods and Services Priced for the Revised Consumer Price Index, Their December 1963 Relative Importance, and Number of items Priced 2.45 398 105 96~ 5.63 0.80 1.65 4.45 2.21 1.30 -94 -73 .45 .76 -94 1.32 .64 .55 .64 1.01 1.15 9.11 10 2 6 2 6 11 4 8 8 8 8 - 11 - 88-533 0 - 68 - 8 PAGENO="0102" 98 Table 2. Groups of Goods and Services Priced for th. Revised Consumer Price index, Their December ~963 Relative importance, and Number of Items Priced..Continued NUMBER OP GROUPS RELATiVE IMPORTANCE iTEMS PRICED 5Apparel and Upkeep ... 10.63 77 5Men's and bQys' apparel 2.86 19 Men's apparel 2.21 15 Boys' apparel .65 4 *Women's and girls' apparel 4.08 35 Women's apparel 3.23 26 Girls' apparel 0.85 9 5Footwear 1.51 11 Other apparel 2.18 12 Commodities .71 6 Services 1.47 6 *Transportation 13.88 .34 Private 12.64 29 Autos and related goods 9.02 17 Auto purchase 5.02 1.2 Gasoline and motor oil 3.28 3 Auto parts .72 2 Automobile services 3.62 12 Auto repairs and maintenance .98 6 Other automobile expenses ... 2.64 6 5Public 1.24 5 *Health and recreation 19.45 101 *Medical care 5.70 38 Drugs and prescriptions 1.14 20 Professional services 2.59 12 Hospital services 0.36 2 Health insurance1 1.61 4 *Personal care 2.75 12 Toilet goods 1.52 8 Services 1.23 4 5Reading and recreation 5,94 34 Recreation 4.36 27 Recreational goods 2.78 Recreational services 1.58 Reading and education 1.58 7 Other goods and services 5.06 17 Tobacco products 1.89 5 Alcoholic beverages 2.64 9 Personal expenses 2 Miscellaneous .38 lndicates groups and subgroups for which separate indexes are published monthly. 1Represented by prices of hospital and professional services, most of which are included in the count of number of items priced for other subgroups of medical care, and the overhead coat of insurance. The four items shown are three additional services not included in other subgroups and ~he overhead cost. 2Not priced; imputed from priced items, 20 7 12. PAGENO="0103" U.S. OEPART~NT OF LABOR Bureau of Labor Statistics Washington. D.C. 20212 ESTIMATED RETAIL FOOD PRICES BY CITIES May 1967 i Prices published in this report are estimated from special benchmark averages computed in January 1966 and adjusted for price changes to the current month as shown by data collected for the Consumer Price Index. Benchmark prices for 1967 will not be com- puted until the completion of a revision of the store sample schedules for later this year. Quotations fros each source are on a comparable basis from one period to the next as to brand, quality, and size, but quotations from different sources and differ- ent urban areas may reflect some variation in these factors. Therefore, differences in prices between areas may not represent true price differentials. 961-2532 United States - Baltimore, Nd. Boston, Mass. Chicago, Ill. -Northwestern lad. Cleveland. Ohio Detroit, Mich. I.e. Angeles-Long Beach. Calif. Page 2 New York, N.Y.-Northeastern N.J. 4 2 Philadelphia, Pa. -N.J. 4 2 Pittsburgh, Pa. 4 2 St. Louis, Mo.-Ill. 4 2 San Francisco.Oaklsnd, Calif. 4 2 Washington. U. C. -ltd. -Va. 4 2 Explanation 7 PAGENO="0104" IIi' PAGENO="0105" 101 PAGENO="0106" I r 9 I 3 102 ~t4Ĝ t4** ĝ~4N~4NN.~ ~ OĜA Oi~ ~4~* ~~Q_ PAGENO="0107" 103 .~OP~4 ~ - ~ - -~o ~ ~o*~ ~*v;~ .?~ ~ O'~q~ ~ e4O~r~O.~ĝ ~ ;~; C 0N *CC~OC~ ~ C~O4~4Ĝ~ ~W ~ C(~C(~ ~ , , CC~M~4Cr~~ ~ CCC~~~ N ~`~O ~ NCN~ ~ NN~N~ ~ ~I ~t I II PAGENO="0108" * Priced only in season. ~ Ifl5Uffic~5~ quota~i005 to publish average Price, 1/ 20 cities, ai 25 cities 43 citgs1, 44 citie5, ~/ Eonsles~; bone-tn all other cities, 6/ 55 cities, 2/ 39 citie5, 8/ 42 cities, 9/ 40 cities, 10/ 35 cities, 11/ Cents par pound, All 41 citi.5, 13/ 38 cities, 14/ RaddOck, fillet, fresh. j~/ 33 citge~, 16/ Solid pack, White meat, 7'ounce can, 17/ 32 Cities, 18/ 34 cities, All Extra Standard grade, 22/ Includes grade AA eggs in Los Angeles and San Francisco and grade AA 21/ 54 cities, and ungraded eggs in some Cities for Which prices are not pt*blished. 22/ United States average retail price for bag coffee in chain Stores in 52 cities, 65,9 cents per pound, 23/ Bone.jn; boneless all Other cities, ~/ 100 percent ground chuck ~/ Peeled and deveined 7ounce Package, ~/ Cod, fillet, frozen, AZ! Sole, fillet, frozen, ~/ Included estjsWted share of delivery charges, 29/ Solid pack, Extra Standard grade, No, 24 can, ~Q/ Grade ii, large eggs, LA8OR . D.c. PAGENO="0109" Roplosotiot This psblisstioo oootsios sst iosisd rotsil polo.. of iodi~idosl foods for soioo Osiisd lists. sod for ssoh of 12 bogs ssorspolitso orsos dsrisod foss dot. oollsotsd by ohs Oorssoof h-boo Ststistis. sf ohs U.S. Dspsrissot of Labor for sos is lbs Coososor Pots. Rodeo. Thsso priori ooclodo solos tooos. Ths C000osor Prioo isdoo food its food oo.poooti) is 4usd so pots.. foss s .sspis of 39 Stoodood Motropolitoo So.ti.tiool dross sod 17 ssolior ottiso sslsttod to osposssot all orbso orooo sf ohs Uoitsd Stotss. ooogis~ to siso fros oitiss of 2.500 to Oso York City. All food .pooifiostioos sos prisod is tbs 12 boog.sf sstropoliisosostisttool sosso for situ pots.. its poblishod sopsrotoly. sod osrtsio foods .rbioh irs soot isporosot is oooso.so sopsoditoros ass priosd to oil 56 orbsoaosos. Osiso foods solsoosd for priotog sos disidod isis too .ospiss, A sod 5, ..ob of shin is polood is bolf ohs osilsts to 21 ssdios-sioo sod Aoshsos.go. Al.sko. To. r.ssistog 22 sodlos 5i55 oOs so ~ ssoll oiti.o so. di~idsd boo too gosops ood osly sos .ssplo of Ohs is.. ispsotoot foods ii potood is ssoh groop. To. oioy ssspls for soob its. is todicotsd by A, O~ or AhDoo Ohs toils. Pslbosisg is ii. oity-itss sooplo dosigo for food: A & Ths 12 lorgo.t s isodord soroopolitso siot istiool orsos for osbioh polo.. sos oboso sopso.isly: loltbsoro, Md. Dsoroit. Slob. PitO.boogh. PS. lostos, Moss. los Aogolss. St. Loots. Mo..lll. °Coiusgo, Ill.. Lose Issob, Cslif. is. ?rsootsoo- Soosboosooro ltd. 00.5 bob. Oohi.od. Colif. Clsoolsod5 Oioia llorthssstors M.J. Woobiog000, D.C.- Pbil.dsbpbto. Po.-5.3. Md..Vo. A A 5 booty-coo othor ooircp~lOtor orooo for ohhh prisoc orO rot pobllshod sspsoats ly: Atlseto. 0.. Dsorrso~ Cob. Miitsskso. 5150. sffsbo, R.Y. Doris.. S.C. Mtoo.opobis. Csdso topids, toss Oootford. Cost. So. PasS. Miso. Qssspot$t-Urbsoo. Ill. Sooolols. Slssoii Soobotlbs. boos. Ciooboosoi. Ohio-Dy. Soostoc. Too. Oobsodo. 71.. Dsilss. Yso. bodisospolis. Rod. So. Diogo. Colif. Dsysoo. Ohio Isooss City. Ms..Roo.. Soottlo. Osob. hobbs. taos. A 61 £sob000gs, Abssio A 55Sf of ohs oos.itLsg 22 .sdbs.-.iso sod .soll duos: - is.soio, Yso. Cosso Dsy. 0050. Silos. Slob. Cooskstos, Mie.o. lls.otb Pall.. 005g. Sootbbridgo. Msss. ftsdboy. Ohio Lsoosotso. Pa. Solos. S.C. Diorosos. Al.. Soogos, COols. $ Sss.isisg 11 .sdto.-sios osd ssoll otttos: $ohsroftsld. C.ltf. iogstspsrt. Isd. Ores, IRIsh Sotos Soogo. is. Si.rtiorotlbo, So. Porolsod5 Solos Dsrtls isis. 5. O.k. MoAllos, Yso. Yiohoborg. Miss. 000gstos. IS.?. Mtlloills. Li. * Dooodsrd Coosobtdotsd Moss Sooooso of Ohio do.igo. Uottod btotss prioss for foodo priood is 000 os.pbo (A or 0) sos ba.sd 00 4) orbsc oroos solos. otboooiso todtostsd by footoote. Thoss priood is both sisplos ooe b.ssd oo 56 sroos ooloso otborotso isdtcstod. food pot oss sos collooosd soothly by flold ogosts foss s osoplo of obsto sod todopoodooi rotoil food suorss ohs oolortoriiy osporu tboir oolbiog potoso. Prtoos for ohs dssigootsd 5sep10 ors oollsotod soothly 00 Tsosdoy. boodossdoy or Thorsdoy of a spocifbsd .05k procediog tbs lStb doy of tbo .osob. Ptiooosootboso issffoutosibs doy of Ohs sgsoos risit. sod lotbods soy oslo or rsoksod opooi.l potoos shiob aroofforsd so obst day. Tbe lososo's sgosOs oesodoooripuioo dsftoiog ho qoottoy or goods sod siss osoos for osoh food for shiob pot oss srsoollscood. Copios of tbosespocifboaoiooooro ooatlsblsoposooqossi. Each rstgtl storo qaotss potoos so the brood sod .ios of food otibto sorb spooifioattoo vbtob iso boss solliog is Ohs gosotast robs.. torsosso sootbo. All potoos sitbis ohs s000ptod siss roogo ore ooovsot.d to ostoodsrd soLO. Otsoovoo. for Ohs isdoo. if a. toss of rho sosot coootoissr siss spsoifisd is sot oooil.bti, tho doslor say qorts ohs poise of tie ororoot rrailsbls siso. Pricos of sbus ostoido ohs sp.oiftootioo rssgo ore osod to ooepcoiog prics sboogos osby by sosporisoo slob otto sore stos. Prios difforoocs. hoisoso lorgo ood seoii poobogos irs sot poosiorod to of foot otoher iodooss or pcblisbed pri055. Difforsocos is food hobibs ssscg Ohs yortoso oross oootuibesoo to potoe difforososo foss place to ph-os. A braid or hlod of food sidoly o.od is sos city soy ho sold is s.oll oslo.. is oootbor city. It sokbo~ prior oosporiooos. to oust be hsoso is sled ohso ohs r,isary sos of Ohs Ooroso'o prtoss is for obso-to-ots. rotbor Obos pboos-Oo.pboos oosporisoss. COsogos is ssspbso sod proosssiog pooosdcroo odoptod oh Ohs 01.. of ho 1964 rsoioios boos osoosoforood obsogos to lbs proosdero osod is oos- pottof Ustrod Stotes .sd oity prtoos for poblioooloo. For this perp000. sssoal hooobsoet pot oos ropros000iog so srsrsgo of prtoos .tettsg speotfirsnioo sod .oobodioo prioos soosido Ohs oouspbsd stss osogs sos oospoosd for sash of Ohs 56 eohoo areas sod sdjosood is osbsoqoost sosobs by rio prius chsogor oofloctsd to Ohs iodoo. Moosi boochsork pot oss oro oolosb.iod oooh .Tsoosry. Those pr000s soy dtffor foss ohs osotsotod .Ysosooy prioso as oressis of obssg.s is Otto oeol*5 ssspls. eooeoiiabtltoy of pricos soestog spootficotlos is gb.., )soobsark potoos for osob food srossepeted or sstgbtsd 000roges of oopoosto sver.geo for oboss sorsosof otoros.-oh.bo grsoory stores .od obbor large sod osoll food store.. bsogsly iodepsodsoO groosriss. loisrosl osightiog footoro prep500ioool to lbs esoosI solss solo.. eitbio tie .otropolit.. toss for sorb ohsis orgasb005ioo oro osed is ooboslstiog bbs sbois storo o.or.ge poise. P010.0 for osoh of tbo arbor too grocps so. .tspb. seer*gso. Too overage prios. for ohs thros strata or. ootgbtsd by rolstboo food solos is lbs orbso arose for each class of storo. for lb ose ostogeriso. sooOo~ prodosre. s.d osbsr foods, dsriood foes ohs 195$ Csssos of I.o.u Toads. Popebooiss ssigbss or. sspboy.d is obOai,iog Ihoihod $151.0 orange prioss for oil arose oe.bisid. Thoso ootghoo mrs hassd so tAo 1960 popols- olso, of rho CODA'. or obsiss is which prioso sos ooilecrod aid of oh-los of lii. sborsrtorlstios ospresestod by lbs saspls ottios. Eadosso for feed sod ssjor oosps0000s sos poblishod osohaly foo ohs Soiled Ross.. sod 23 large ohms sooss is lbs soothly 000000 05 bh~ Co.oo.sr bios Isdos. This ospoos also o000sloo Soiled ftsoos iodosso for isdivfdooi toss. foossrly isolodod is `bosobl Food Orloos by Cbtiss.° As .epbsootio. ef .ooheda esod is ssbooboiiog hi. Coososso Prtcs Rodeo is svailsble so rsqaesh. PAGENO="0110" 106 Mr. ROSENTHAL. The next witness will be Dr. Dorothy S. Brady. STATEMENT OP DR. DOROTHY S. BRADY, PROFESSOR OP ECONOMICS, UNIVERSITY OP PENNSYLVANIA (FORMER MEMBER, PRESI- DENT'S CONSUMER ADVISORY COUNCIL) Mr. ROSENTHAL. Dr. Brady, thank you very much for taking time from your busy schedule to come and be with us this morning. Do you have a prepared statement? Dr. BRADY. I have written something down, Mr. Chairman. Mr. ROSENTHAL. We would be pleased to hear it. Mr. WYDLER. May I just comment, Doctor, it is a delight to have, occasionally at least, a member of your sex appear here on behalf of the consumers. Since you are, in most cases, I think practically in all cases, one who probably expends about 90 percent of the consuming dollar. Dr. BRADY. That is the type of statement that had been made one time or another. I think the last one was made by the Department of Commerce and we have been quoting it ever since. Mr. WYDLER. How much was that? Dr. BRADY. Upward of 90 percent. So, I would like to say, Mr. Wydler, that my remarks prepared before I came here do relate to your last question and I have given this problem a considerable amount of thought. The statement is entitled "Product Diversity and Price Statistics." Our knowledge- Mr. ROSENTHAL. For the record, you were a member of the Presi- dent's Consumer Advisory Council? Dr. BRADY. Yes. Last year. And I am on the Advisory Council of the Food and Drug Administration presently, and some problems re- lating to prices come up there as you may know I might mention one about the problem of cut-up chicken being not as clean as it ought to be with respect to various infections2 and yet the Food and Drug Administration is fully aware that this is a mag- nificent source of cheap protein for the population groups, particularly in those lower income areas, and that therefore, it must not be taken off the market. It must be inspected to the degree that is necessary and not to pre- vent its price advantage in those areas. I think one of the most dra- matic things that has happened in the meat industries is the relative price of chicken compared to 20 years ago. You can buy various types of chickens in the supermarket where I buy, which happens to be a low-income supermarket in Philadelphia area, south Philadelphia, for prices that look something like the 1980's. Thirty-five cents; 38~ a pound. So, the whole problem of relative prices is a very important one. My own research has been focused pretty much on the impact of relative prices on innovation. Now, of course, the chicken industry has been the product of substantial innovations that has made it possible to make chickens as cheap as they are now and not just something for Sunday dinner or occasionally for holidays. That is one example of how important it is to know about price developments and-but, re- marks I prepared are on probably a more general point. One of the things we know very little about in our economy and should be very proud of is the degree that we have increased the variety and diversity of products that are in the market. PAGENO="0111" 107 Now, a few of the statisticians are interested in the statistical tech- niques for the measurement of product diversity, but mainly they want to do something in the way of revising the price index formulas to allow for the fact that consumers have much more choice in the way of products in the market than we did even at the close of World War II. Now diversity is, in some ways, of great value to `the consumer. One example I use in my historical research is glasses. Eyeglasses, are fitted to our special needs as individuals. Around the time of the Civil War there was a very minimal amount of variations in eyeglasses that would fit `the product to the individual needs. Shoes are another example. So that we have had a magnificent history of the develop- ment of various varieties to suit individual needs of a wide range of products. Now, `there is another aspect of diversification in products that we don't feel quite so certain of. There is some concern of diversification that is, one of my colleagues 15 years ago called it nonprice competi- tion where you introduce a great deal of the variety in particular products to place the competition between qualities or varieties instead of on the price level, when it comes to the ultimate consumer inside the grocery store or department store. Our knowledge of the factors that explain changes in the prices of particular goods and services can only be extended by increasing very considerably the amount of information available on the variations in prices at a given time and the variations in price changes over time. There is a quality range in most products purchased by consumers and within each quality level there are numerous varieties dis- tinguished by fashion styles and brands. The diversity in quality and in varieties complicates the measure- ment of price changes and increasingly has limited determination of meaningful measures of the absolute level of prices to those commodi- ties which are provided in recognizable and standardized grades. The range of quality and the number of varieties for someproducts differ little from place to place and change slowly over time. The com- pilation of price statistics for such commodities and services presents no great difficulties in concept, measurement or interpretation. Take salt, for example. The determination of the average price of salt or of the average change in the price of salt in a given location is not likely to stir up controversies about definition and accuracies among statisticians and economists. Products like salt, sugar, vinegars and chlorine bleaches are, however, becoming more and more exceptional. The qualities and varieties of things that consumers buy are being increased continuously and the differences between qualities have become more and more difficult to define either for identification in sta- tistical measurement or for the understanding of the consumers. As it becomes more difficult to discriminate among quality levels, this dis- tinguishes between qualities and varieties, that is styles and fashions, become blurred. . The quality of a product is in some way associated with its price. Consumers given different purchasing power are willing to pay more for higher quality. It costs more to provide goods of higher quality judged by some of the attributes that are generally recognized as dis- tinguishing levels of excellence in workmanship and performance. PAGENO="0112" PAGENO="0113" differential price ui - of goods offered by various types of E might be attributed to the widening of the quality range or the in- creases in the number of varieties of particular products. Consumers need to know whether price declines are real, as in white sales, or whether rises in prices are temporary and localized. By giving attention to various means of describing the distribution of price changes among various classes of consumers, the economic pro- fession could contribute to its own benefit, as well as to the education of the consumer. It takes time to collect the source data and to prepare the summary s for an economic indicator like the Consumer Price - s and price chan~es, a month ago, can ~ it provides prices supermarkets, and consumers are aware previous month in the metropolitan area, they can k stitutes in other brands offered in their shopping centers. Consumers do reduce their consumption of porkchops when the price is seasonally high, and shift to relatively lower priced brand when the price of one brand is raised. The price statistics published by the BLS are averaged for metro- politan areas and for the country as a whole. Consumers are aware of their alternatives in knowledge of the variations in prices at a given time, and in the price changes over time that is not revealed by the BLS averages. PAGENO="0114" 110 There are real limits on the consumers' ability to see for themselves in current markets and the question under consideration here is, how to specify the information that might affect their response both to short run and long run changes in price. By summarizing t.he price statistics, by shopping areas for all the cities, classified perhaps by region, the impact of price changes on dif- ferent classes of consumers can be followed and particular trends can be isolated about which little is known at the present time. In the case of some foods, drugs, cosmetics, and cleaning supplies, summaries for the same brands would show whether the poor paid more and are submitted to more frequent changes in prices than occur in the shopping centers in upper income districts. For goods that come in varieties not found in all establishments and in all locations, the ranges, that is the high and low prices, could be used to describe the alternatives to be found within the same kinds of shopping districts. Statistical summaries of the variability in prices will call for expla- nations of the differences that they reveal. The number of establish- ments surveyed by the BLS for the purposes of compiling price indexes, is generally not large enough to provide information on the factors that may be associated with the variations in the level of prices or in the variations in price behavior over time.. The services offered by retail est.ablishment.s differ considerably, and must account for some of the spread in prices and some of the differences in price trends. If the BLS could undertake these benchmark price surveys, estab- lishments could be classified in many ways to throw light on the nature of the markets to be found within metropolitan areas. Credit, delivery, and check cashing, are among t.he services that surely affect the prices of goods sold, and very likely will influence the course of price changes. If consumers were made aware of the magnitude of the effect of various combinations of services on the price level, they might exert some influence on t.he composite of goods and services they pay for in every transaction. The benchmark surveys could offer the basis for defecting signifi- cant trends in the structure of prices between and within locations where different economic groups do their buying. Risilig income and more generally regular income among some classes of consumer, along with the greater use of credit~ have had an impact on the qualities a.nd varieties of goods that are offered in the various markets. The BLS has more expertise on this matter of variety and quality, than any other group of people in our country or in the world. I am sug- gesting that what we need is some periodic surveys of the price struc- ture which would give us information about the differences between Nassau, Suffolk, and the rest of New York on some kinds of ongoing basis, could provide us all, along with the consumers, with a better knowledge of what there is in the market., and how to internret the short-run price changes that are measured presently by the CPI. Mr. ROSENTHAL. If the housewife had this information, could it be more useful to her and could you give us an example of how? Dr. BRADY. Well, I will use myself as an example. I like a particular brand of coffee, but if my supermarket. decides for some reason to eliminate it, then I know what is being substituted, and it. is 10 cents more. The very obvious thing I do, if I want to stick with my b~ PAGENO="0115" 111 is to go and find out what the pi ice is where it is being offered, and if its price hasn't gone up, then I simply switch my allegiance to the store offering the brands that I am accustomed to, and which have not evidently increased in price. Mr. ROSENTHAL. Let me ask you a question. If the Bureau of Labor Statistics reported to the housewife, for example, that we have had made a survey of market conditions out West, and we anticipate a great flood of meat on the retail market in the next 4 or 6 weeks, or the reverse, that we expect a shortage and prices will rise in 6 weeks, could the housewife make a decision that ~he should buy a lot of meat today, and put it in the freezer, or not to buy a lot today? Is this one example of how this information could be used? Dr BRADY I think it is a good example If the information reached the consumers about developing seasonal movements or de- velopin~ shortages or developing surpluses. This information could be used within the particular shopping district where consumers buy. I have a feeling that those consumers who shop in the bigger super- markets are fully aware from what is offered where there is plentitude and where there tends to be seasonal scarcity. I am thinking particu- larly of the meats and poultry and the fresh produce departments that you see in all types of supermarkets. So that consumers are not un- aware of the seasonals, but they perhaps could profit by what Commis- sioner Ross suggested, that the Bureau make known for specific products what have been the seasonal patterns in the past, and changes in these seasonal patterns, if there are changes occurring, depending on new sources of supply for particular products. Mr. ROSENTHAL. Do you think any housewife would pay attention to this information, if Commissioner Ross' department, for example, found a way to disseminate it? Dr. BRADY. Well, I have a notion that the newspapers are a good source. Especially if some way could be found to get this information more frequently and more regularly on the women's pages. Some New York newspapers used to publish information on the Department of Markets, and what are good buys in the market today. If some device could be discovered for getting information that the editors of the women's pages would find useful to insert at regular times, it could include the information about the most current release of the index. This other type of information about general movements in seasonals and ranges in prices for what apparently is the same quality of-canned goods, household-can be of greatest interest to the readers. Mr. ROSENTHAL. Do you think some of the information collected by the BLS can be converted into useful information to the housewife? Dr. BRADY. Well, I know some of my former associates among the home economists have made valiant efforts to do just that at times past in connection with the food budgets. Also, a point mentioned by Commissioner Ross, the Department of Agriculture, many years ago, put out three recommended food budgets, low-cost budget, medium-cost budget, and high-cost budget, and they did undertake pricing of various kinds during the year for the purposes of enlighten- ing the consumer on the choices within the frame of these budgets that he could make. Choices say, between the green and leafy vegetables PAGENO="0116" 112 that are so rich in vitamin C. You choose different ones according to the seasonals for the various vegetables. So, I think that there are possibilities in these directions that need to be explored. Mr. ROSENTHAL. Thank you. Mi~. Myers? Mr. Mnrias. I think you mentioned, and it has been mentioned here several times, there is a problem of dissemination of the information and also utilization by the consuming public, but do you think that the mere fact that this should be published on an even wider range than it is today, might serve to help regulate a little bit and maybe level off the pricing so that actually there would be a result in a more equi- table pricing even though maybe the consuming public wasn't aware of it. Do you think this is possible? Dr. BRADY. Well, as an economist, I think the regulation is already there in the market, but there are certain things that would result from a consumer reaction, let's say, to an almost constant price in his supermarket for, say canned pineapple. If all brands were the same price, he would have some reason to wonder whether there was a range in the prices of canned pineapple in other locations in the same metro- politan area. That is, he could affect the situation in his own area by seeking particular outlets where there was offered some choice in terms of price for what apparently seems to be the same quality, and different brands of the same article. Generally speaking, what happens, you see, is-a commodity is of- fered in a great deal of variety by a great many producers. Then, the lowering the price by one producer, will induce the consumer to shift to the lower price article. What does this mean in the long run in terms of the development of our productive capacity for making good quality goods cheaper and more abundant, or perhaps in more styles and fashions for the general consumer? It means you set some kind of innovation process to hunt for better ways of canning, cheaper ways, better canning machinery, in order to enter the price competition with the firm that lowered the price of pineapple in the first instance. This is a very complicated structure we have in our economy, but it has all of these possibilities in it. If we do promote the knowledge that one group in one sector of the economy, the consumers, is able to operate as we specify in economic theory, then a chain of activities is set in motion and you might describe it as progress in the arts. Mr. MYERS. As an economist, I take it you do believe in su~ demand? Dr. BRADY. Oh, yes. Mr. MYERs. This is what I am r~ about seasonable products, and so forL even though the entire population doesu are going to be aware of the fact that certain times of the year, and will quiL L to reduce prices-don't you think 1 though everyone doesn't have this informs I)r. BRADY. Yes. ~ion? PAGENO="0117" 113 This is in accord with the theory that if lettuce is too expensive, there are always a certain number of people who are perfectly willing to shift from lettuce to an alternative green vegetable until the price is reduced. This is the substitution that goes on within the meats and within the vegetable categories quite generally on the part of consumers. Mr. MYERS. You talked about substitutes, and so forth. A lot of people I note today think that the presentation of food products has caused some of the cost increase, such as packaging and prep- arations. Do v"i think this has some influence? Dr. ~. I should have mentioned those in cor~ - - 1 ~ñng about. ~ars ago, 1 time, there was heodore ~` 5 writing a ( DW muc1 I'- creases 1 packagi: come - - - - - r anoi~ - - - these ti ~ hai off LIy answer to a question about this, is that this r )e a our quantitative measures of economic activity in economy, we added to the 5 cents a pound that consumers paid for meat around 1860, for almost any kind of meat except ham or bacon, all the house- wife services that went to preparing this meat and preserving it, we might find that meat was just as expensive as it is now. We measure what goes on in the market, not in the household. I admit I know of a good many reasons why we have to stay with this, but it does seem we need to remember it every once in a while. The thing I think we want to remember about this whole question of brands and varieties is that the consumers' demand curve for dif- ferent brands is about as sensitive as it is for something that is exactly the same brand, because they shift from one brand to another, accord- ing to these diverse appeals put on the cans at the canned fruit counter, they are also labeled according to content, and quite transparently have differences in prices. Mr. MYERS. I see you also served on the President's Consumer Committee. Have you gone into this area of packaging versus bulk food? Have you ever gone into that at all? Dr. BRADY. Well, it is an old, old story. I have gone into it only to the extent of trying to trace, you see, the shifts in prices-just prices as prices, the way Commissioner Ross said-without talking about other services. I hope to have some of my students kind of take the history way back into the first bags of flour and the first `bags of sugar. From the point of hygiene, packaging has been a great boon to the consumer, and I wonder if any of us would really want to go back to the cracker barrels, when we think of our modern notions of cleanliness and public health and so on. 88-533 0-68-9 PAGENO="0118" 114 Mr. MYERS. I was thinking about your bacon. A side of bacon versus prepackaged bacon. Dr. Biw~r. Yes. That is different. Here, I have to talk, really, in the past tense. At the time I was at the BLS, and we were preparing the first of the family budget studies, we made a real effort in the additional pricing that was neces- sary for putting a price tag on the whole budget, to get alternatives of this kind into the picture, so we wouldn't come out with a food budget that looked really extraordinarily high by comparison with welfare budgets and budgets that had been prepared earlier in our history. Mr. MYERS. There is just as much food value in a slab of bacon that you slice yourself, as there is in prepackaged, and presliced, and every- thing else. What is comparative price? Dr. BRADY. Well, I can't tell you that. A few months ago, I could have. But I have sensed that in my supermarket I described as being low income, an income increase among its customers, because it has cut down on the extent to which they offered the various hams that are not precooked and the slabs of bacon and so on. It is rather difficult to go into there now, even on a weekend, and find much of this sort of thing being offered any more. Mr. MYERS. We spent a lot of time talking about bacon this morn- ing. Does that whet your appetite any? Dr BRADY Well, it is a good example of what we need to study more There are varieties and there are quality differences in all processed foods, and this is where BLS has to put a great deal of effort in trying to hold quality constant, when they collect price statistics. They are, however, not yet prepared to tell you what the whole variety spectrum looks like as contrasted to real quality differences Mr MYERS I find myself in the middle here I am concerned about seeing that we get the cheapest food on the table for the consuming pub lic, but I also come from a big farm area, so I am concerned about the farmer You spoke about the cut up chickens, and so forth There are a lot of empty chickenhouses and producers out there in Indiana, too, that don't produce chickens any more because they can't do it. Dr. BRADY. They can't compete with the big industry in chickens. Mr. MYERS. They have a lot of chicken coops, or whatever you call them, that are empty because they aren't making any money at the present prices. So, we are met with a problem. I think packaging is part of the story, but I don't think it is all of it. I think that is used as an excuse too often. Well, thank you very much. Mr. ROSENTHAL. Thank you very much, Dr. Brady. We are very much indebted to you for taking the time to come down here this morning. Your full statement will be printed at this point in the record. (The statement referred to and an additional statement follow:) PAGENO="0119" 115 PREPARED STATEMENT OF Domxriiy S. BR&Dr ~ PRODuCT DIVERSITY AND PRICE STATISTICS Our knowledge of the factors that explain changes in the prices of particular goods and services can only be extended by increasing very considerably the amount of information available on the variation in prices at a given time and the variation in price changes over time There is a quality range in most products purchased by consumers and within each quality level there are numerous varieties distinguished by fashions styles and brands The diversity in qualities and varieties complicates the measure merit of price changes and increasingly has limited the determination of mean ingful measures of the absolute level of prices to those commodities that are produced in recognizable and standardized grades The range of qualities and the number of varieties, for some products, differ little from place to place and change slowly over time The compilation of price statistics for si~ch com modities and services presents no great difficulties in concept measurement, or interpretation Take salt for example The determination of the average price of salt or of the average change in the price of salt in a given location is not likely to stir up controversies about definition and accuracy among econowists and statisticians Products like salt, sugars vinegars and chlorine bleaches are, however, becoming more and more exceptional. The qualities and varieties of the things consumers buy are being increased continuously and the differences between qualities have become more and more difficult to define either for identi fleation in statistical measurement or for the understanding of the consumer. As it becomes more difficult to discriminate among quality levels, the distinction between qualities and varieties, that is, styles and fashions, becomes blurred. The quality of a product is, in some way, associated with its price. Consumers, given sufficient purchasing power, are willing to pay more for higher quality. It costs more to produce goods of ~etter quality, judged by some of the attributes that are generally recognized as distinguishing levels of excellence in workman- ship and performance. The variation in prices charged for some one commodity in a given metropolitan district at a particular time cannot, however, be taken to represent quality differences judged by consumer preferences or the costs of production and distribution. Within a metropolitan district there are different locations, sections, or areas, where low-income, middle-income, and upper- income consumers try to satisfy their wants. The varieties of products to be found differ among locations and within locations between types of establishment. So do the prices, for what appears to be equivalent articles or services. Changes In the prices of different varieties of a product are not likely to be uniform over a metropolitan district because new variants appear at different times in the locations where the various classes of consumers do their shopping. The new variants may and probably do affect the prices of the product in those locations Under the circumstances consumers have no way presently of knowing whether a price change is quite general or how persistent it is likely to be, or even, In some Instances, whether a price change has taken place. If new brands appear and familiar brands disappear, the possibility of comparing prices is eliminated. Within the present program for the collection of price statistics ~y the Bureau of Labor Statistics there are some methods for describing the variation in prices and in price changes that could improve the analytic potential and contribute to local consumers' understanding of price developments. The range in prices for ~pecific goods and services among different types of establishment In different locations in metropolitan districts could be used to describe the consumers' alternatives with respect to quality and varietal differ- ences. Such summary descriptions might lead to questions on marketing practlces that require explanation. If the range of prices for standard brands of coffee were higher consistently in supermarkets of middle-income suburbs than in central city locations catering to a similar population, the explanation might be found in the relative number of brands that are stocked. Similar schemes for describing the ranges in price changes could be developed. When the prices for particular products change the effects on different classes In the population can be judged `by such locational classifications of the reporting establishments. A knowledge of the concentration of price changes by location and type of establishment could contribute to our understanding of the impact ~ of economics, University of Pennsylvania. PAGENO="0120" 116 of the different classes on consumers on the evolution of product design and on the structure of prices. When consumers' incomes increase, they seek for better quality and more variety in what they buy. In the long run greater variety means higher prices relative to, say goods that are as standardized as salt and sugar. Knowing how price changes are distributed by location could throw light on the process by which they spread and affect wider areas and other products. The value of publishing current releases on the ranges in prices and price changes within locations and types of establishment would be greatly increased if benchmark studies of prices could be undertaken. Such benchmarks would involve a general survey on the qualities, varieties, and prices of representative products in the market at intervals of three and not more than 5 years. The sur- veys would cover more establishments and greater detail on products and prices than is feasible in the monthly collection of data for the Consumer Price Index. Observations would have to be made several times in the year on commodities or services affected by significant seasonal movements in prices. Su(-h benchmark surveys could reveal whether the sources of differences in prices or in price changes between low-, middle-, and high-income shopping locations are in the types of goods sold and services offered. Such a series of benchmark surveys could show how much of differential price changes over time can be traced to shifts in the kinds of goods offered by various types of establishments, and how much might be attributed to widening the quality range or to increases in the number of varieties of particular products. Consumers need to know whether price declines are real, as in "white sales" and whether rises in prices are temporary or localized. By giving attention to various means of describing the distribution of price changes among variqus classes of consumers, the economic profession could contribute to its own bene- fit as well as to the education of consumers. PREPAREn STATEMENT OF TIlE NEW YORK Ci~~ COUNCIL ON CONSUMER AFFAIRS The New York City Council on Consumer Affairs was set up on April 23, 1967, by executive order of Mayor ~ohn V. Lindsay to take affirmative action to protect the consumer interests of the citizens of New York. It is composed of commission- ers of major city departments with special responsibilities in the consumer field. The council is concerned with all matters affecting the interest of the citizens of New York City as consumers. The council favors efforts to obtain and disseminate full information to con- sumers. Federal Government purchasing standards, formulated at taxpayer ex- pense, surely should be available to aid him shop knowledgeably in an increasingly complex market. One Federal agency, perhaps the General Services Administra- tion, should be responsible for organizing and publishing all existing standards in a form useful to consumers. A system, such as the "Info-Tag" proposal of ILR. 7114 (90th Cong., first sess), which will let manufacturers tell the consumer whether their products meet Federal standards, would also be highly desirable. The need for more consumer information is beyond dispute. The Truth in Packaging Act and the pending truth In lending bill demonstrat'~ the concern of Congress and of the Nation for the bewildered buyer. American business has succeeded in producing a wide range of high quality consumer goods, but the poor and uneducated shopper-and especially the welfare recipient-is often deceived by inferior goods sold at inflated prices by some unscrupulous merchants. If manu- facturers and merchants could advertise that their products met Federal stand- ards, even the unsophisticated shopper would have concrete information about the products he Is offered. The New York City Council on Consumer Affairs urges that Federal pur- chasing standards be made public. We support appropriate administrative action or legislation to accomplish this objective. Mr. ROSENTHAL. The subcommittee stands adjourned. (Whereupon, at 12:10 p.m., the subcommittee was adjourned.) PAGENO="0121" APPENDIX EXHIBIT 1 FEDERAL SPEcIFICATIoNS Specifications are descriptions of the technical performance requirements for materials or products to be used by the Government They specify the minimum requirements for quality and construction of materials and equipment necessary for an acceptable product. Development of specifications often involves extensive research and testing The following Is a collection of abstracts of Federal specifications prepared by the Federal Supply Service General Services Administration (GSA) This rep resentative sample was selected from a list of over 900 GSA consumer-type prod- ucts on which specifications have been developed Information has been abstracted from each specification which was thought by the committee staff to be useful to the consumer in his selection of similar products in the marketplace. The original specifications too voluminous for reprinting are being held in committee. Federal Speciflcation-OO-M--~OO681c, Mowers; Lawn, Power 1. ScorE AND CLAssIFICATIoN. 1.1. Seope.-This specification covers lawnmowers with gasoline-engine power- driven cutting devices, which are self-propelled, also rotary fiat-knife type which are hand pushed. 3. REQUIREMENTs. 3.2. Material.-Materials used in the construction of lawnmowers, gang cutting units and attach~ment units, shall be of the highest grade. Castings shall be smooth and free from blowholes, pits, foreign material, or other defects. 3.3.2. Guards.-Effective guards shall be provided to overcome hazards created by reciprocating rotating or moving parts such as chains belts sprockets gears etc., that are exposed to contact by the operator or others. 3.4.2. Operation on level grounds.-All self-propelled lawnmowers shall be cap- able of continuous cutting at a speed of 3 miles per hour on firm and fairly level grounds or lawns. [This requirement might seem unnecessary when relating it to consumer needs, but it might be worthwhile if a buyer wants to know if the mower can maintain a steady speed or if he would have to keep giving it more gas at intervals to maintain this desired speed.] 344 Adjustable operating speeds -The cutting speed of self propelled mowers on level lawn and on grades shall be readily varied over a range of speeds which shall include 2 miles per hour. There shall be multiple ground travel speeds at a constant engine RPM. The relation of cutter blade speed and engine speed shall be constant. All cutting speeds specified herein, and any additional speeds at which the mower may be designed to operate continuousiy, shall be controlled either by a throttle, an automatic or manually adjustable speed governor, gear- shift transmission or a combination thereof. 3.5. Balance.-Lawnmowers shall not tip over of their own accord when placed in either direction of travel across a 30-degree slope. 3.6. Engine.-Engines shall be so mounted that the air passages of the cooling system will not become clogged with cut grass of clippings thrown by the cutting device. The engine shall not stall, excessively overheat, or unduly smoke. 3.6.1. Fuel system.-Exhaust shall be directed to the right or left, away from the operator. 3.8. clontrols.-Handle-grip controls and lever controls shall be positive in action and shall remain locked or fixed in any required position under all operat- ing and handling conditions of the mower. (117) PAGENO="0122" 118 3.10. Handie frame.-The handle frames shall be of metal construction and shall be sufficiently rigid to prevent whipping action or noticeable deformation when the mower is manipulated on turns or hills. 3.11. Lubrication-Gears and bearings shall be accessible for lubrication. 3.12. Riding mower or detachab'e sulky.-When riding mowers are furnished, an operator's seat and footrest shall be provided as Integral parts of the mower. A suitable steering wheel or steering mechanism and controls shall be provided within easy reach of the operator (when seated) . Locking of the sulky when the mower is operated in reverse shall be provided. When the detachable type of riding sulky is furnished, it shall have a durable saddle-type seat and a footrest, aud be substantially constructed throughout. The sulky chassis and clrawbar shall be of steel and shall be readily attachable and detachable. 3.14. Instruction book.-The contractor shall furnish with each lawnmower, either a booklet or pamphlet giving complete instruction's for the operation, lubrication, adjustment, and care of the engine, mower, and attachment units. A pamphlet listing repair parts shall also be furnished with each lawnmower. 3.16.1. Cutting requiremeats.-Rotating-reel-type mowers shall be capable of cutting heavy, thick-growth grass, 3 inches in heigtht above the bed knife, in a single pass. The cut shall be smooth and even for all heights of cut above the ground to which the bed knife is adjusted or elevated. The mowers shall not slip at the wheels nor mar the turf in normal operation. 3.17.1. Cutting requirements of rotary flat-knife-type power mowers.-The lawnmowers shall be capable of cutting cleanly, in a single pass, the hardiest of annual growth of buckhorn, crowfoot, dandelion, milkweed, thistle, tun~g grass, Bermuda, foxtail, and Johnson grass, wire grass, ragweed, foxgrass, and similar field growths. They shall also be capable of cutting lawn grass on developed lawns in an even, uniform manner. 3.17.1.1. Height of out abo've the ground.-Except for Rotary flat-knife, medium duty type II, class 1 mowers, the height of cut above the ground shall be adjust- able and located conveniently so that the setting can be made by hand 3.17.2. Cutter blades.-Cutter blades for type II rotary mowers shall be of one piece and fastened to the vertical drive shafts with screws or bolts or other suitable means and shall be readily detachable 3177 Conformance to .45A Standard -The contractor shall submit proof to the purchasing agency that the type II mowers he proposes to furnish under this specification conform to American Standard Safety Specification for Power Lawn Mowers ASA B71 1-1964 Pederai Specsflcatsoiz-GG-C-551b coffee maker set vacuwm, (gas or electric) 1 Sco~u AND CLASSIFICATION 1 1 Scope -The coffee makers covered by this specification consist of two bowl units (metal or glass or combinations thereof) of 12 cup brewing capacity They are heated by means of gas or electric hot-plate-type stoves or ranges. 3. Ruquinsmimirs. 31 Fire and casualty hazards -The bidder shall submit to the purchasing agency proof that the appliance he proposes to supply under this specification conforms to the standards of the Underwriters' Laboratories Inc parts of Amen can Gas Association s Appliances Z21 31 for gas heated appliances regarding fire and casualty hazards 32 2 Glass -The glass shall be properly annealed heat resistant and thermal shock proof glass capable of being heated in an oven to 300 F then plunged into ice water 32° to 40° F. without damage. [Although this Government requirement IS much higher than a consumers it would be to the consumers advantage to know that the glass when extremely hot will not crack when placed into cold water.] 3.3. Coffee makers or brewers, (nonautomatic)-materials I and II.- I, metal bowls; II, metal upper bowl, glass lower bowl. Each bowl shall be of 12-cup usable brewing capacity. A handle shall be provided on the lower bowl to prevent the operator s hand from coming into contact with the bowl during normal u~e The handle shall be fitted to the neck of the bowl in a manner to prevent swiveling. 331 Material I (metal) -Coffee makers (brewers) made of material I shall consist of upper and lower bowls made of corrosion-resisting steel. 3.3.1.1. Design-metal upper bowl.-The upper bowl shall be provided with a stem for insertion into the lower bowl It shall be fitted with a bushing (gasket) that provides an effective seal with any lower bowl within the specified dimen sions When assembled with any such lower bowl the bottom of the stem of PAGENO="0123" 119 the upper bowl shall be not more than 1 inch or less than one-half inch above the inside bottom of the lower bowl. 3.3.2. Material II (metal upper bowl and 91a88 lower bowi).-Ooffee makers made of material II shall consist of an upper bowl made of metal and a lower bowl made of glass. 3.3.2.1. Design-metal upper bowl.-The metal upper bowl shall have a stem with approximately 1-inch clearance between end of tube and bottom of lower bowl when placed in brewing position. It shall be provided with a rubber bushing (gasket) to effect a leakproof seal when the bowl is nested in the lower bowl. 3.4. Method of operation.-The vacuum-type coffee maker shall heat fresh tap water to the boiling temperature in the lower bowl by means of gas or electric heat as specified in the invitation for bids The pressure generated in the lower bowl shall then force the water up the stem of the upper bowl, through the filter, and into the upper bowl containing the ground coffee. After removal from heat source, vacuum generated in the lower bowl shall draw the brewed coffee through the filter to the lower bowl. Brewing time shall not exceed 5 minutes. Brewing time is defined as the time lapse (after the upper bowl containing filter and coffee is inserted into the lower bowl of boiling water) to raise the water to the upper bowl and by condensation vacuum in the lower bowl, return the brewed coffee to the lower bowl. 3.5.2.1. Electrically heated heating elements-Elements shall have a life of not less than 1,000 hours operating time when used with name plate voltage. 3.5.2.2. ~witches.-Each electrical heating elemeilt shall be controlled by a make and break indicating rotary-type switch. Switches shall have "high," "warm" or "low," and "off" positions. At the option of the contractor, additional heating positions may be supplied. 3.5.2.3. Wiring and connections.-Wiring and connection between parts shall be concealed and enclosed or adequately protected from spillage. Electrically heated type coffee makers shall be furnished with flexible heater cord 3~/2 feet long minimum with cord grip, moulded plastic, or rubber cap on free end. Federal ~pecif1cation-W-H-OO193a Heater, Fipace, Electric (Portable) 1.1 ~cope.-Phis specification covers portable electric space heaters. 3. REQUIREMENTs. 3.1 Portable space heaters.-Portable space heaters furnished under this specification shall conform to the requirements of UL 573. 3.1.1 Handles-All heaters shall be equipped with a `suitable carrying handle. 3.2 Fire and casualty haaards. 3.2.1. Each contractor shall submit to the contracting officer proof that the portable electric heaters he proposes to supply under this specification conform to the requirements of the Underwriters' Laboratories, Inc., Standard UL573, Electric Space-Heating Equipment. The label, or listing with reexamination, of the Underwriters' Laboratories, Inc., may be accepted as evidence that the electric heaters conform to this ĥrequirement. 3.2.4. Tipover switch.-Type I, forced air; type II base hoard; type III radiant convection-Unless otherwise specified, types I, II, and III heaters shall be fur- nished with or without a tipover switch at the option of the manufacturer. When specified types I, II, and III heaters shall be furnished with a tipover switch that will automatically cut off the power supply when the heater Is accidently turned over from its natural operating position. Pipover switch `shall automatically reactivate the power supply when the heater is returned to' its normal operating position. 3.3. Type forced air.-Heaters shall be thermostatically controlled and shall be equipped with a `suitable fractional horsepower motor and fan fo'r circulating the heat. Heaters shall be equipped with a minimum of 6 `feet of cord. Federal ~peciflcation-OO-M-671c Lawnmower, Hand 1. SCOPE AND CLAssiFICATIoN 1.1 &~ope.-This specification covers standard cutting reel and hand lawn- mowers that are pushed or propelled by manual effort. It is used for cutting grass ordinarily grown on lawns. Average-duty mowers are for use on ordinary lawns, and heavy-duty mowers are for lawn areas with extra-tough, matted or high grasses. 3.3. Duty. 3.3.1. Average duty.-Average-duty mower shall be so designed and constructed that it will cut grass ordinarily encountered on lawns. It shall cleanly cut grass from fine shade grass to matured crab grass. PAGENO="0124" 120 3.6 Dri've wheels.-The lawnmower shall have two drive wheels arranged so that the cutting reel will operate when either wheel is rotated. The wheels shall have plain, ball, or roller bearings, at the option of the contractor. Wheels shall be fitted with semipneumatic or solid rubber tires. Solid tires shall be cushioned and form-fitting or otherwise attached to the wheel in a manner to prevent slip- page on the wheel. Plain wheels or plain wheels with slipover rubber tires will not be acceptable. 3.12. Handle and handle grip.-The handle shall be constructed of steel or hardwood. The handle braces shall be constructed of steel and shall be attached to the handle by not less than two bolts with nuts. When wood is used, the handle grip shall be securely bolted to the handle through plates or brackets. When metal is used, the handle grip shall be securely fastened to the handle and shall be covered with rubber or a suitable composition. 3.12.1. Handle length.-The handle shall be of sufficient length, and angularly adjustable without the use of tools to allow an operator (tall or short) to push the mower in a comfortable walking position (without bending). 3.14. Lubrication.-The lawnmower shall have a covered oil or grease fitting arranged for lubrication of reel bearings, unless sealed ball or roller bearings, packed in grease, are used. The lawnmower shall be fully lubricated prior to delivery. 3.16. Identification marking.-Each lawnmower shall be permanently marked with the model number and manufacturer's name or trademark of such known character that the source of manufacture may be readily determined. 3.18. Finish.-The exterior surfaces of the lawnmower shall be properly painted unless of noncorrosive material or finish. Wood handles shall be either varnished or lacquered. Federal ~pecifieation~-GG-B-OO6O-c Ballpoint Pen, 1~1ingle Cartridge 1. SCOPE AND CLAssIFIcATIoN. 1.1. Scope.-This specification covers single cartridge ballpoint pens and re- placeable ink cartridges (refills). 3. REQUIREMENT. 3.2.1. Plastic.-Plastic shall be of good quality and of suitable hardness and rigidity, and have low moisture absorption under wide humidity and temperature conditions. The plastic shall retain its design contours without warping, crazing, cracking, or discoloring in service or in storage. Plastic used in pen barrels shall be such that the barrels remain straight and rigid * * * and shall be nonflam- mable, flame resistant, or slow burning. 3.2.2.2.1. Writing tip.-The writing tip shall be of metal which is compatible with all other components. 3.2.2.2.3. Ink tube-The ink tube shall be brass. 3.2.3. Ink.-The ink shall be of such chemical composition as to be compatible with all components with which it comes in contact. 3.4.1. Barrel.-The barrel shall be designed and constructed to fit and function satisfactorily with the ink cartridge. The barrel shall be made of plastic or metal, or a combination of these materials, and shall be smoothly finished. The barrel may be round, hexagonal, or octagonal. The center line of the barrel shall be straight. The barrel shall be smoothly tapered, from the maximum diameter to the writing end, to form a comfortable finger grip. Barrel shall be so con- structed as to provide continuous equalization of air pressure between the non- writing end of installed refill and the outside of the barrel. The barrel shall consist of two sections. The sections shall be provided with g external and internal threads; which, when joined, form a rigid barrel. - s sha~ - of such size and pitch to produce ng b I or tions of 1 ipered metal tip plastic. 342 Refill (ink cartr~ cartridge) shall be ade~ pen is in use. Refill ( 3.4.2.1. Ink tube.- I beyond the plastic at IE be s. v and permanently attache PAGENO="0125" 121 3.4.2.3. Ink-Ink in sufficient quantity to write a line not less than 5,000 feet in length, shall be contained in the ink tube. 3.5.5. Drying tim,e.-Writing shall dry within 5 seconds and shall not smear. 3.5.6. Feathering.-Writing shall not feather or spread. 3.5.7. Penetration.-After 48 hours writing shall not have penetrated to the reverse side of paper. 3.5.12. Reproduction capability.-All colors shall be capable of reproduction by microfilming and black ink shall be capable of reproduction by thermography, dry copying, and direct-image offset processes. The writing shall be distinct and legible. Federal specification H-T-560, Toothbrush (Adults and Child's) 1. Scorn AND CLAssIFICATION. 1.1 $cope.-This specification covers the requirements for toothbrushes suit- able for use by adults and children. 3. REQUIREMENTS. 3.1.1 Handle stock.-The handle stock for the adult's and children's tooth- brushes shall be made of suitable plastic, fire retardant, impact resistant, solid or transparent in color, and free from objectionable odors. The finished handles shall not soften when tested. 3.1.2.2.1. Fastness to boiling water stiffness.-The plastic bristle stock shall show no marked discoloration or appreciable change in stiffness when tested. 3.2.1.1. Adult's toothbrush.-The handles for the adult's toothbrush shall be not less than 6 inches in length. 3.2.1.2. Child's toothbrush.-The handles for the child's toothbrush shall be 43/4 ħ1,4 inches in length. 3.3 Finish.-The bristle stock shall be neatly and evenly trimmed according to type and the handle stock shall be smoothly finished with rounded corners. 3.4 Identification m,arking.-E'ach toothbrush shall be permanently and legibly marked with the manufacturer's name or easily identified trademark embossed or stamped on the handle stock. 3.5 Workman~ship.-Afl surfaces of the finished toothbrushes shall be smooth and uniform in texture. The toothbrushes shall be clean and free from sharp edges or corners. Federal Specification W-F-421b, Flashlights, Electric, Hand 1. ScorE AND CLASSIFICATION. 1.1 Scope.-This specification covers flashlights of tubular construction for general use and for rough service. 1.2 Classification.- 1.2.1 Classes and sizes.- Class 2: General Service. Size 1: Two cell. Size 2: Three cell. 3.3 Design.- 3.3.1 Gcneral.-The flashlights shall be of tubular construction and shall project their beam longitudinally. They shall be furnished complete with lamps but without dry cells. 3.3.3 Switch.-The switch shall be mounted on the side of the case and shall be a slide type which provides a locked "off" and a positive "on." When specified, a "flashing" position shall be provided. Switches shall resist accidental movement to the "on" position. The switch slide or button, shall be designed so as to permit easy manipulation with one hand. 3.3.7 Finish and tvorkmanship.-The finishes of all components and of the assembled flashlights shall be equal to or better than those recognized as good commercial practice for the material in the same or similar applications, and shall evidence no indication of deterioration when the flashlights are subjected to the tests. 4.4.1.3 Test cell selection.-The flashlight shall be loaded with the required number of selected size D mercury cells (Mallory No. RM42R or equal). NOTE :- It has been determined that mercury-type cells provide a more stable current supply than regular zinc-type dry cells for determining the light-pro- ducing performance of flashlights. Federal Specification P-D-220a, Detergent, General Purpose 1. Scorn AND CLAsSIFIcATIoN. 1.1. Scope-This specification covers general maintenance commercial clean- ing compounds containing synthetic detergents. Typical uses are in removing PAGENO="0126" 122 occupational soil from painted surfaces and in general soil removal from floor- ing, ceilings, and equipment, by application from solution with a cloth, mop, brush, or spray equipment. 3. REQUIREMENTS. 3.1 The compound shall be a uniform product, free from any objectionable odor, and shall contain synthetic organic detergents. It shall contain no abra- sives or fatty acid soaps and shall be nonirritating to the skin. It shall be satis- factory for use in floor and wall maintenance cleaning operations with soft or hard water. 3.6.21 Liquid; regular (10 percent active) type II, class 1.-A solution of 1 percent by volume (one volume of compound to 99 volumes of synthetic hard water) shall exhibit a cleaning efficiency of not less than 80 percent. 3.6.2.2 Liquid; concentrate (20 percent active) type II, class 2.-A solution of one-half percent by volume (one-half volume of compound to 99.5 volumes of synthetic hard water) shall exhibit a cleaning efficiency of not less than 80 percent. 3.10 Labeling.- 3.10.1 For powder or flake; liquid; concentrate (20 percent active); paste. For type I; type II, class 2; and type 111.-Each container of detergent of speci- fied type and class, where applicable, shall be durably and legibly marked with the following information, precautions, and directions for use: A nonabrasive detergent for use in hard and soft water for the general main- tenance and cleaning of floors, walls, and woodwork. Caution: do not use on air- craft surfaces. Directions for use.-Add 1/2 to 1 ounce of detergent to each gallon of warm water used. Increase this amount of detergent but not to exceed 4 ounces of deter- gent to each gallon of warm water if required to clean in hard water solution or to clean heavily soiled surfaces. Prepare fresh solutions when cleaning solution becomes dirty. Rinse the washed surfaces with fresh water to remove loosened soil. 3.10.2 For liquid, regular (10 percent active). For type II, class 1.-Each container of detergent of specified type and class, u-here applicable, shall be durably and legibly marked with the following information, precautions, and directions for use: A nonabrasive detergent for use in hard and soft water for the general main- tenance and cleaning of floors, walls, and woodwork. Caution: do not use on aircraft surfaces. Directions for use.-Add 1 to 2 ounces of detergent to each gallon of warm water used. Increase this amount of detergent but not to exceed 6 ounces of deter- gent to each gallon of warm water if required to clean with hard water or heavily soiled surfaces. Prepare fresh solutions when cleaning solution becomes dirty. Rinse the washed surfaces with fresh water to remove loosened soil. 6.1 Intended use-The detergent covered by this specification is intended for use in hard and soft water for general maintenance and cleaning of floors, walls, and woodwork. It is a nonabrasive type cleaner and is safe to use on painted surfaces, linoleums, asphalt, and rubber tile flooring. Federal Specification P-D-425o, Dishwashing Compound, Machine 1. SCOPE AND CLAssIFIcATIoN. 1.1 Scope.-This specification covers free-flowing, solid form dishwashing compounds suitable for use in spray-type mechanical dishwashlng machines. 3. REQUIREMENTS. 3.1 Material.-No agents shall be used which contribute to excessive foami~. ing under conditions of use. 3.2 Odor.-Dishwashing compound shall be free from objectionable odor in dry form. 3.3 Foaming.-Compound shall not foam to the extent as to Interfere with soil removal and rinsing of utensils and dishes during dishwashing. 3.15 Fin.eness.-The particle size of mechanical mixture of ingredients shall be normally uniform in order to niinimize segregation of the ingredients. 3.17 TVorknwnship.-The material shall be thoroughly mixed and present no evidence of segregation of individual constituents or of lumping or caking. 5. PREPARATION FOR DELIVERY. 5.1.1.1 Two pounds.-Each box shall be lined with a sealed glassine or wax paper or other suitable liner material to prevent contents from sifting, iind for protection against atmospheric or contaminating conditions. PAGENO="0127" 123 Federal Specification P-S-311c, Scouring Powder 1. SCOPE AND CLASSIFICATION. 1.1 Scope.-Thls specification covers powdered scouring compounds for the cleaning of porcelain surfaces (vitreous types) and for general kitchen use. 1.2.1 Types and classes.-Scouring powder covered by this specification shall be of the following types: Type I-with bleaching agent. Type 11-without bleaching. 3. REQUIREMENTs. 3.1 Material.-Scouring powder shall be a white or of an attractive pleasing color, scented or unscented, and of uniform composition. 3.4 Eo~cluded materiai.-The scouring powder shall not contain any ben- tonites. The contractor will be required to furnish the contracting officer a cer- tificate of compliance that bentonites are excluded from the finished product.. The product shall contain no ammonia forming compounds. Federal Specification P-S-3206, Scouring Powder (Glass Cleaning) 1. SCOPE AND CLASSIFICATION. 1.1 This specification covers one type and grade of scouring powder for clean- ing highly polished glass surfaces which must transmit light efficiently. 3. REQUIREMENTS. 3.1 Materials.-The scouring powder shall be a mixture of detergents, alka- line salts, and abrasives. 3.3 Soil removal.~The scouring powder shall remove all soil leaving no scratches or streaks. 3.4 Labeling.-Each unit container shall have the following label clearly and legibly lithographed or stenciled on its face: Scouring Powder (Glass Cleaning) Specification P-S-320, 14 ounces, Stock number. Directions for use.-Apply the scouring powder to a clean dampened cheese- cloth and rub onto the soiled glass surface with a circular motion. Let it dry and then wipe off the dried film with a clean, soft, dry cloth. Manufacturer's name; manufacturer's address; contract number; date. 3.5 Workmanship.-The scouring powder shall be uniform, homogeneous, lump free, free from foreign matter, white or light gray In color, clean, and of pleasant odor. 6. NoPEs. 6.1 Intended use.-Scouring powder covered by this specification is Intended for safe cleaning of glass or other vitreous surfaces. PAGENO="0128" ]DXIIfl3IT 2 PAGENO="0129" 125 FEDERAL QUALIFIED PRODUCTS LIST OF PRODUCTS QUALIFIED UNDER FEDERAL SPECIFICATION JJ-B-l85a BELT; SEAT, PASSENGER TYPE, AUIO?4)TIVE This list oat been prepared under the authority of the General Services Administration for use by or for the Government in the procurementof products covered by the subject specification and such listing of a product i. not intended to and does not connote indorsement of the product bytbe Federal Government. All products listed herein have been qualified under the requirements for the product as specified in the latest effective issue of the applicable specification. This list is subject to change without notice; revision or amendment of this list willbe issuedas necessary. This listing of a pro- duct does not release the supplierfrom compliance with the specification requirements. Use of the Informationfor advertising or publicity purposes Is expresslyforbldden, and such use will be ground. for removal of the product so advertised from the list, The activity responsible for this Qualified Products List is the Federal Supply Service, General Services Administration. Government Dssiqnation Manufacturer's Designation Type I Test or Qualification Reference Manufacturer's Name and Address Alofts Mfg. Co., ?i~5 32nd Street, S. w. Grand Rapids 8, Michigan American Safety Equipment Corporation 216 Madison Avenue New Yort 16, New York (Distributor) Plant: Hickok Mfg. Co., Rochester, New York Atlas Safety Equipment Company, Inc. 175 N. 10th Street Brooklyn 11, New York Plant: Same Address Auto-Crat 111g. Co. 2625 San Fernando Road, Los Angeles 65, Calif. Plant: Same Address do. do. and 2850 Tyler Road Ypsilanti, Michigan Auto Safe Corporation 633 E. St. Clair Street, Indianapolis 2, Indiana slant: Same Address A5l00 Lyle Belt 83-1960-1 SM~l960 N X-l5 Stock 100, Model SN 3-1501 ltiM)(X) C2AZ 626l200A Stock 250 Model BN3-7001 U500 P50/8-1-61 FS0/ll-9-61 FSO/6-21-62 P50/6-25-62 FS0/8-8~6l P30/8-24-61 FS0/6-15-62 P30/4-26-62 Page 1sf 8 PAGENO="0130" Page 2 of 8 QPL-Jj~185~6 QPL-JJ..518~5 J~.1y 10, 1962 126 FEDERAL QUALIFIED PRODUCTS ~ S}iE~ Typ~~ Q300 BlOOo Sty]~ ~ US-i Prentum #ioo #500 200 s~ Impact * Ifllpact B Impact c Impact D PDC_4200F1 Safamaste,. #707 707-20 707-40 707-70 do. do. do. do. do. 28S PAGENO="0131" 127 QPL-JJ-B-185-6 Gepenber 11. 1963 SUPERSRDING QPL-JJ-B-185.5 FEDERAL QUALIFIED PRODUCTS LIST CONTINUATION SHE~~ ~ 1962 FS0/1-.31-63 P50/1-31-63 P10/6-27-63 P50/5-21-62 P50/5-21-62 P50/5-21-62 P50/5-21-62 P50/5-21-62 FSo/ll_lb_62 Jeffery-Allan Industries, Incorporated 1139 South Wabash Avenue, Chicago 5, Illinois Plant: Same Address do. do. Jervis Corporation P. 0. Rox 86 325 Daffy Avenue Hioksvilie, New York Plant: Same Address tapstrap, Incorporated P. 0, Rox 1691 Wichita, Kansas Plant: Kansas Foundation For The Shod, Inc., Whichita, Kansas do. Type I Manufacture?a N~7'X~ss PSO/1-9_63 FS0/8-13-62 P50/8-13-62 P50/8-13-62 Fso/8-13-62 P50/8-13-62 F50/7-6-62 P50/8-8-61 The Herton Co., Inc. 260 Fifth Avenue New York 1, New York Plant: Delmarva Narrow Fabrics, Inc. Easton, Maryland Hinson Mfg. Company Waterloo, Iowa Plant: Same Address do. do. do. Hubsch Hf g. Company 3856 Grant Road Jacksonville, Florida Plant: Same Address Irving Air Chute Co., Inc. 1315 Versailles Road Lexington, Kentucky Plant: Same Address Model 66 5032 5036 5037 5038 5039 Model No. 579A 10-51-198-1 Model 6651-C Model 77S1-C Model 995T-G JA-Jo5C Safe-I-Mate JA-55 Lifemate JA-555M Lifemate JA-65 Lifesiate JA-75 TraY-i-Mate Model 60158 Model #40 Model #20 ~so/5-l8_62 P50/11-7-62 Page,~ of S PAGENO="0132" 128 QPL~JJ..B..l856 QPL-jj~8~ July 10, 1962 FEDE~ QU~~IED PRODUCTS L~T CONT~UATION SH~E~ Government Manufacturers lest or Manufocturer's 0~5ignatjo0 Designat~,1 Nam, and Address ~e I SB100_200 ~O/l2_2l_6l Market Forge Company 35 Garvey Street Everett 49, Mass. Plant: Sane Address CF~77991 FSO/~l6_62 Mine Safety Appliance Co., 201 North Braddock Ave., Pittobuo.gh 8, Pennsylvania Plant: Same Address Model #100 ~0/6_21_62 Natjon~ Industries for The Blind 1120 Avenue of The Americas New York 36, New York the Blind Plant: Industrial Home for 57 Willoughby Street Brooklyn, New York Model A FS0/l_29_63 do. Model AC Model A 810/1.30.63 Model AC FS0/1..30_63 Model A P50/2.8.63 Model AC Model B Model BC P10/12.6.63 SB..lOO 810/4.16.63 8.750 810/6.27.62 Model 3-700 810/6.19.63 Page 4 of 8 PAGENO="0133" #858-0 MM-i 5200 6000K 6200K 5000K 021(5600 021(5600-i Model 980 FSO/4-3-62 FSC/4-24-62 FSO/5-10-62 P50/8-9-61 FSO/8-9-6i P50/1-16-62 FSO/4-4-62 P50/3-13-62 P50/3-13-62 P50/6-4-62 P50/6-4-62 P50/6-4-62 P50/4-2-62 P50/11-7-62 F50/6-11-62 Ratsey Safety Belts, Inc. East Schofield Street City Island New York 64, New York Plant: Same Address Eayoo Mfg. Co., 8221 State Highway 4, Paramus, New Jersey Plant: Sane Address The Noberk Co. Norwalk, Connecticut Plant: Sane Address Rose Mfg. Co. 2700 West Barberry Place Denver 4, Colorado Plant: Sane Address Shore-Calnevar, Inc. 7701 E. Compton Blvd., Paramount, Calif. Plant: Sane Address Service Belt Co. Inc., 810 Broadway New York 3, New York Plant: Sane Address Stap-Lite Industries 1026 South Santa Fe Ave., Los Angeles 21, Calif. Plant: Sane Address 129 QPL-JJ-B-185-6 Decmrrber 11. l9~,5 SUPISSEDING QPL-JJ-B-185-5 July 10, 1962 FEDERAL QUALIFIED PRODUCTS LIST CONTINUATION SHEET Government M: OJ~n N:ss j PSO/9-l7-63 Model M-200 Rayco #3 R.M.C. Model 1-C 500A #850 Federal Model 3095 5000K Type I 885330 68 10 Model 985 Sturges #12g. Co., Inc. P. 0. Drawer 59 Utica, New York Plant: Utica, New York do. Superior Industries Inc. 14721 Kesaick Street Van Nuys, Calif. Plant: Sane Address Page 5 of 8 P80/11-15-62 PAGENO="0134" 130 ~l8~ StPgp~g~180 QPL..JJ..B~l85..5 `July io, 1962 I'ED~p~ ~ PRODUCTS LIST CON~U~TION SHEET SCR..1 150 Guardj~, 200 Crash Guardian 123 175 200 300 J&5200 Lyf5 Selt SM_196082 X-15.2 do. do. do. do. do. Type ii Page 6 of 8 Co., Stock 2502, Model ~3~7ooii 1~71pact..A..l IXflpaot.5..2 Impact_C..3 do. do. do. do. PAGENO="0135" 131 QPL-JJ-B-185-6 SUPKRSEDING QPL-JJ-B-185-5 FEDERAL QUALIFIED PRODUCTS LIST CONTINUATION SHJ~~ 10, 1962 Governe,.nt Mnufacturar's Q~~on Type II FDC-2700F2 P50/5-18-62 Davis Aircraft Products, Inc. Scudder & Woodbine Ayes., Northport, L. I., N. Y. Plant: Sane Address Model 77ATh P50/10-30-62 Irving Air Chute Go,, Inc. 1315 Versailles Road Lexington, Kentucky Plant: Sane Address JA..Js5C-SH P50/6-15-62 Jeffrey-Allan Industries, Inc. 1139 South Wabash Ave. Chicago 5, Illinois Plant: Sane Address JA-55-SR P50/6-15-62 do. JA-55-PeZ-SH FS0/6-l5-62 do. JA-65-S11 P50/6-15-62 do. JA-75-SH FS0/6-l5~62 do. Model 200 FSO/6-21-62 National Industries for the Blind 1120 Avenue of the Americas New York 36, New York Plant: Industrial Rome for the Blind 57 Willoughby Street Brooklyn, New York Model A-l FSO/l-29-63 do. Model A-1C PSO/l-29-63 do. Model A-l P50/1-30-63 National Industries for the Blind 1120 Avenue of the Americas New York 36, New York Plant: Kansas Foundation for the Blind, Inc. Wichita, Kansas Model A~lC P00/1-30-63 do. Model A-l 30/2-8-63 National Industries for the Blind 1120 Avenues of the Americas New York 36, New York Plant: San Diego Center, California Industries for the Blind 13L~4 P. Street, San Diego 2, California Model A-lC 30/2-8-63 do. 8-070 S0/6-27-62 Products Research Co. Cummings & Sander Division 2~00 Denby Avenue los Angeles 39, Calif. Plant: Sane Address 5001 P00/5-10-62 The Roberk Company Norwalk, Connecticut Plants Sane Address Page 7 of 8 PAGENO="0136" 132 5200-1 6200-1 Model UTICSCOO_2 Model 980.70 985.70 ~EDERJ~L QUALIFx~ PRODUCTS LIST CONTIpJUAT~~~ S}iZp~ lype II Sturges Mfg. Co., Inc. P 0. Drawer 59 Utica, New York Plant: Utica, New York Superior Industries, Inc. 14721 Kestqic~ Street Van Nuys, Calipornia Plant: Sane Address do. Page 8 o~ 8 PAGENO="0137" 133 QPL-O-A-Sli8a-6 October 17, 2966 SUPERSEDINO QPL-O-A-Sls8a-$ S Pt mber 2.8 196li FEDERAL QUALIFIED PRODUCTS LIST OF PRODUCTS QUALIFIED UNDER FEDERAL SPECIFICATION O-A-~li8a ANTIFREEZE, ETHYLENE GLYCOL, INHIBITED TYPE II This list cas Iseen prepared under the authority of the General Services Administration for use by or for the Government in the procurement of products covered by the subject specification and such listing of a product Is not intended to and does not connote indorsernent of the product bythe Federal Government. All products listed herein have been qualified under the requirements for the product as specifiedin the lateeteffective issue of the applicable specification This list is subject to change without notice; revisionor amendinentof this list willbe issuedas necessary This tistingof a pro- duct does not release the supplierfrom compliance with the specification requirements. Use of the informationfor advertising or publicity purposes is expresslyforbidden, and such use will be grounds for removal of the product so advertised from the list The activity responsible for this Qualified Products List is the Standardization Division, Federal Supply Service, Genemsl Services Administration. Government Manulotturer's Test or Designsrisn Desigostion Reference Antifreeze Prestone G-36G3lt Union Carbide Corporation, Consumer Products Division 270 Park Avenue New Ysrk 17, New York UC-300 G-)S372 do. UC-375 G-3~372 do. Carbide 0-109 NBS-G-2l~622 (Part 2) dO. do. Permanent Pyro QT-3(12) Olin, Organics Division i60 Park Avenue New York 22, New York do. 001-76 0-3663lt do. 93-B G-3663lt do. Pyro Permsnent (1969) 0-26072 do. do. TX-6887, BlltlO-5 G-36631i Texaco Inc. 136 East lo2nd Street New York 17, New York do. TX-Sail, B11t96-5 O-3653l~ do. do. Startex J.B. 1259-5 G-36531j do. do. Jefferson J-53 QT-5(S2) Jefferson Chemical Company, Inc. P. 0. Box 303 Houston 1, Texas bC 2 QPL-0-A-Sls8a- 6 FSS ,((~i, 151 PAGENO="0138" 134 QPL-O-A-~l,8a-6 October 17 1966 SU~PERSEDi34C} QPt-O-A-~1,8a-S September 18, 1961, FEI)ERAL QUALIFIED PRODUCTS LIST CONTINUATION SHEET Government Mannfa~s °~~~:° 1 D~1i-171 D~11~-l72 DS11r-173 D~33-lOO Wyandotte B. D. Wyandotte Chemical Specification 877-1011 U-3~38D Gulf Antifreeze and Summer Coolant QT-1O(S2) QT-1O(S2) QT-lO(S2) 0-26073 QT-1,(S2) NBS - 0-21,622 (Part 1) 0-39372 7.5/756-69 The Dow Chemical Company Midland, Michigan do. do. do. Michigan Alkali Divieion Salee Wyandotte Chemical Corporation Wyandotte, Michigan do: Gulf Tire arol Supply P. 0. Box 1166 Pittsburgh 30, Pennsylvania B. I. du Pont de Nemours & Company Incorporated Induetrial and Btochemicals Department Wilmington 98, Delaware do. Zerex Anti-Rust 0-26301, Anti-Freeze Telar Anti-Freeze and 0-26301, Sunsner Coolant Antifreeze do. do, do. do. do. do. 2 of 2 QPL-0-A-51,8a-6 PSI POll'! 339 AUGUST 1962 PAGENO="0139" U i~ ~q I U) ~ <;:~; ~;j ~ 03(1) r- U g~cj~ G ~ r L q PAGENO="0140" Champion Spark Plug Company Ford Motor Ccmpan~' A. C. Spark Plug Division of ~C. ZeUer Corporation Champion Spark Plug Company Ford Motor Company Champion Spark Plug Company Ford Motor Company A. C. Spark Plug Division of ~. Zeller Corporation Champion Spark Plug Company Ford Motor Company A. C. Spark Plug Division of ~. Zaller Corporation Champion Spark Plug Company Ford Motor Company A. C. Spark Plug Division of ~C. Zeller Corporation Champion Spark Plug Company Ford Motor Company A. C. Spark Plug Division of (k~. Seller Corporation Champion Spark Plug Company Ford Motor Company A. C. Spark Plug Division of ~C. Seller Corporation 136 QPL-W-S-506..9 8 April 1967 (AR 7(5-104 GOVERNMENT MANUFACTURERS DESIGNATION DESIGNATION j TEST OR QUAUFLCAT(ON REFERENCE I ~ ~ MANUFACTURERS NAME AND ADDRESS Champion Spark Plug Company Ford Motor Company A. C. Spark Plug Division of ~. Type I, Classes A and B (Conlt) (See Notes on Page 3) )m-5l009..3 XMD-15 9230 BR5S (4945 WR-84 75216 SE8ADOB 7709 10863369 XMN..12 9230 A~3S 81457 Type I, Class B 8668752 ~4L..l2 4280 AER-3S 4226 wN-43111 16287 Type II, Clatsea A and B (Sat Notes on Page 3) MS-35908..l XEJ-ll 14883 AR-85 16889 SR-47E 7435 SN-6Fl4 7444 am..35908-2 XFJ-7 4883 ARJ4S 4889 55_Is4g 7435 SR-6F20C 74144 (15-35908-3 SEE-li 4883 ARL-8S 4889 SR-471E 7435 SR-7Fl4 7444 515-35911.1 *XED..l6 46714 4678 7035 .am.8E15B 4914 - 7010 (15-35911-2 XED-l4 4674 BE-45 4941 SR..84E 7035 SN-8EEo 4914 - 7010 Cows~u~os oo Fous ~~W1~S 506 PAGENO="0141" MANUFACTURERS NAME ~ 14280 Cnsmplon Sparc riug sompany Autolite 14226 Ford Motor Company Motor Muter 4337 - 7303 Motor Muter Products Co. (Distr) Prestolite 821o0 The Pr.stolite Company Div of Eltra 1o287 A. C. Spark Plug Division of (BE. Blue Crown 14337 - 7303 2.11cr Corporation 1~280 Champion Spark Plug Company Autolite 4226 Ford Motor Company 7727 G.nerel Battery & Ceramic Corp. Motor Muter 14627 - 7303 Motor Muter Products Co. (Dtstr) Prestolite 82140 The Preetolite Company Div of Eltra W1145T3 8239 Robert Bosch Corporation W175T3 8239 Robert Bosch Corporation AA58 - 7368 8972 Auburn Spark Plug Company DENSO-MA-lkP 89714 ITO Trading Corporation (Distr) D2Z(S0-W-l7P 89714 ITO Trading Corporation (Distr) 14287 A. C. Spark Plug Division of BE. DENSO-W-l7ES 89714 ITO Trading Corporation (Diatr D(BiS0-W-17 89714 ITO Trading Corporation (Distr Blue Crown 4627 - 7303 2.11cr Corporation 137 (AR 715.10) F GOVERNMENT DESIGNATION MANUFACTURERS DEO(GNATION TEST OR QUAUF)CAT(ON REFERENCE Type III Class A Class B INST 175 - 210 INST above 210 INST 185 - 210 INST above 210 ROTE: Listing under any Military Standard (N(S) spark plug cowers any non-Mo spark plug of the seam t3pe. * Plugs tested in Continental Engine Model PE~l50 ** Plugs tested in Continental Engine Model PE.90. 3 of 14 QPL-W..S-506-9 COe1~c~*T o~ Pun `z~ PAGENO="0142" 138. MULTIPLE ADDRESS LISTING QFLW 506.. (Nifltary and FederAl Qusl(f led Products Lists) 8Apr11 1967 (AR 715.10) REFERENCE MANUFACTURERS NAME REFERENCE MANUFACTURERS NAME NUMBER ADDRESS AND PLANT NUMBER ADDRESS AND PLANT Auburn Spark Plug Company 89 York Street Auborn, Rev York Plant: Sass Address Champion Spark Plug Company 901 Upton Toledo 1, Ohio Plant: S~ Address Rood Motor Company Dearborn, Michigan Plants: Barth Union Street Rostoria, Ohio Osasral Battery & Ceramic Corporation Box 1262 Readisg, PennalJvsnis Plant: Seas Address Rippon Denso Company LTD. Xari,1e Pre, Japan Plant: Seas Address Distributed by: iTO Trading Corporation Loag Island City, Rev York The Preatolite Company Division of Pltre Corporation Toledo, Ohio Plant: Decatur, Als.ba~ Robert Bosch Corporation lsO..25 Crescent Street Long Island City 1, Rev York Plant: Bsaberg, West Geresny A. C. Spark Plug Division of General Stators Corporation 1300 Booth Dart SigSmsy hint 2, Michigan Plant: Sass Address Teller Corporation Post Office Box 96 Dsfisnc*, Ohio Plant: Sass Address Distributed by: Motor Mo.ster Product Company Defiance, Ohio it of 14 QPL-W..S-506..9 OTAPORM PAGENO="0143" 139 N0tlCE~ 145 lsst & A q A t ~ £ hi ~ A S A dd o*i A is' th*s l;st cAsh cociad: h,s~,a ~;f th: the~cqc~ern~otsof~, Reqocsts MILITARY QUAlIFIED PRODUCTS LIST QPL.W..B-131 OF pppici-i PRODUCTS QUALIFIED UNDER MILITARY SPECIFICATION V.2.131 BAPrERE, WiORdOE: `VERXCULSP, I~5lTICN, pSc-6140 LIGNTT~, ~RD S2ARfU~ All pctdast. listcd h,t,io b.c. beco qa.liti,d s.d.. the .ecai..o.ots tat th, pc4daet .111 b. 1..at.d c.oe....y Tic. hi;ticag at pccdtant dc.c set c. less, tic t .stcc.c U. S. dray Nobility Cc~.end, Acay Tssk..Autneotive Center, Warren, Wichigan Ic8090. f Mt f Qua~lficatIon Manufacturer': Neee~~] A.. of 21 Jna~e.r~' 1965, an batterise hare been qualified under Federal Specification W~B~l3li~ Pending the eete.blish. lent of a Qualified Products List or the approval of a product for inclusion on a Qualified Products List, the qualifies. tbcn requirseent (peregraph 3.1) of Federal Specification W.B.131i shall be valved; hoveyer, the products furnished under Federal Specification W.B-l3li shall be capable of passing the qualification tests0 end procuring sgsflciee ear req9ire contractors to furnish speclnens of the batteries that they propose to supply for Goverceent inspectioo end contractual approval. Procurceent agencies shall specify the psrtioulsr tests necessary for contractual approval. When a Qualified Products List Is eutablished for Fedsoel opecificatcon WB..llli, this Notice should be deetroyoi. The responsibility for sstsblisla.snt of a Qualified Products List for Federal Specification V.2.1311 has been aselered to Deperthent of the Aoay, Washington 25. 0. C. Inforustion pertaining to qualification of products for listing on thl~ Qualified Products List cay be obtained free the Crsaendtng General, U. S. A~W 91)2111?! 10)31950, 0*? TANXeAUTCN1)!IVi C0~rER, WARRIN, )C!C50GAN 148090. 1 of 1 QPL..W-B.l31 N10!IE.1 537-I Pep~o.~ Di Teco 10071 d.tcd 1 Oct 09 ehlob is obsclcte. PAGENO="0144" 140 I Oct N PAGENO="0145" FEDERAL QUALIFIED PRODUCTS LIST OF PRODUCTS QUALIFIED UNDER FEDERAL SPECIFICATION 00 -B -680 ORAKH FLUID, AUTOMOTIVE All Car Heavy Duty All Car Super Heavy Duty Bendix Heavy Duty Drake Fluid #115097 Bendlo Brake Fluid 1155988 Chrysler Parts Mi-Teep MS ki46 Chrysler MD-big Conoco Hydraulic Brake Fluid Super Heavy Duty DELCO ii DM6IA 011-6160 DM-6i9 DN-6i8A A~614 MD 20-6 MD 20-7 MD 30-3 MD 35-6 MD 35-7 ND 717 duPent Ru. 7 Super Heavy Duty Brake Fluid All Cur Muter PartS Cerporution AENDOR ONLY All Car Motor Parts Corporation VENDOR UNLY The Bendix Corporation The Bendix Cerporation Chrysler Corporation Chrysler Corporation Centineetal Oil Company VENDOR ONLY Delco Moraine, Div. oY General Motors Delco Moraine, Div of General Motors Delco Muraine, Dlv. of General Motors Delco Moraine, Div. of Senera 1 Motors Delco Moraion, Div. of General Motors Unite Petroleum Company, inc. Sea Cheeicai Coopany Sea Cheolcal Coopaoy Due Chemical Company Baa Chemical Ceepany Due Chemical Cumpaoy Sea Chemical Ceopany E. I. duPont de Neecurs & Co., Icc. VENDOR ONLY 141 This list has been prepared ear usa by or far the Gocereinant In the pracurenee t ef pro- ducts coeered by the subject specification and such listing of a preduct is net intended ta med dens eat connate Indorsenent ef the product by the Dnpartnent ef Defense. All products listed herein have bees qualified under the requirenoets for the pruduct as specified in the latest affection issue uf the applicable specification. This list is subject Em change witheut notice; reds On er amendment uf this list dli be issued a necessary. The listing of a product dues net release the supplier free compliance uith the specifleatiun require- ments. Os, uf the infurmatlun sheen liareen fur advertising ar publicity purposes is empressly ferbidden. TA eti us ~..pnnnib1n Cm, thus Queilfi.d P,cduet. ti.5 Ia GD ARMY COATING AND CHEMICAL LAMGRATORY, ABERDEEN PROVING ORUOND, MARYLAND Test or Manufacturer's Ease nmeet Manufacturer's Qualification and Address Beslgnatinn Besignattun Reference M-9265 M-9263 H-9266 M-9275 M-92k4 M-9D33 M-9262 M-9232 M-9D54 M-927l M-9D711 M-9U76 M-9266 M-925i H-926U M-9D30 M-9252 M-9261 M-925i6 M-9252 duPent Ho. 7 Heavy Duty Brake Fluid E. I. duPont de Necours & Co., Inc. M-925l OENDOR ONLY Grey-Rock Super Heavy Duty tray Rock Dlv. of Raybestol- Brake fluid H-9237 Manhattan, Inc. VENDOR ONLY 1 of A QPL oO-B-6B0-3 PAGENO="0146" 725978 72940C 726079 72975-C 728848 72398C 73 IO9A HO-P -iu5A HDS-70.(842906) HDS-70(844415) 805-7 (844488) HDS-73 HDS -74 (689 192) 0-817 Raybestos Super Heavy Duty Brake Fluid Raybestos Formula 48 Heavy Duty Brake Fluid Prestone Super Heavy Duty (6) (will be removed 15Aug66) Prestone Heavy Duty (8) (will be removed 15Aug66) UCON l0266lC UCON 1265 UCON 5156195 UCON 50164 UCOH i02661C-4 UCON i0266lE 8-9243 N. 14. Hoiiin~shead Corporation 8-9257 R. M. Holiingsinead Corporation 8-9238 R. H. Hoiilnyohead Corporation 8-9262 5. 8. Hoiiingshead Corporation 8-9253 R. 14. Hoiiingshead Corporation M-9235 N. A. Hoiiingshead Corporation 1.9270 R. A. Hoillngshead Corporation 4-9296 Olin Mathieson Chemical Corporation 8-9278 Olin Nathleson Chemical Corporation 8-9277 Olin lfathieson Chemical Corporation 8-9280 OlIn Mathiason Chemical Corporation 8-9267 Olin Mathieson Chemical Corporation 89269 Olin Mathieson Chemical Corporation 8-9273 Permateo Company, Inc. Raybestos Division of Raybestos - 8-9237 Manhattan1 Inc. VENDOR ONLY Onion Carbide Consumers Products Co.1 8-9279 Division of Onion Carbide Corp. 8-9248 Chemicals Div., of Onion Carbide Corp. M-923i Chemicals Div., of Union Carbide Corp. 8-9263 Chemicals Div., of Union Carbide Corp. M-9265 Chemicalo Div., of Onion Carbide Corp. 8-9258 Chemicals Dlv., of Union Carbide Corp. 8-9250 Chemivais Div., of Union Carbide Corp. 142 iyk6 Nanufacturere Test or i4anufacturen's Mane Designation Qualification and Address Referente Ucvvrvncmt Daelgnat ion Mobil Hydraulic Brake Fluid Super Heavy Duty Prestone Super Heavy Duty Prestone Heavy Duty M-9279 Raybestos Division of Raybestos- Manhattan, Inc. VENDOR ONLY Socony Mobil Oil Company, Inc. 8-9243 VENDOR ONLY 8-9263 Onion Carbide Corporetlon VENDOR ONLY 8-9265 Onion Carbide Corporation VENDOR ONLY Onion Carbide Consumers Products Co., M-9237 Division of Union Carbide Corp. VENDOR ONLY 2 of N QPL VVB-b80 3 PAGENO="0147" 11-9201 Chemicals Div., vi llnl.n iii Corp M-9272 Chemicals Dlv., ci Union Carli 1 Crp United Parts Division 1-9237 The Echlin lfanu(vvtvring Company VENDOR ONLY UC'lN 815142 el-lU -614 United Super Heavy Duty Brake Fluid United Heavy Duty Brake Fluid Wagner Lockheed H-58 Wagner Lockheed H-Wla Wagner Lockheed 463 143 QFL IV: M-9279 H-9237 H-9279 N-926g United Parts Division The Echlin lfacufarcvrinq 1c~nvy VENDOR ONLY Wagner Eloctric Ccrporvnli Wegnar Electric Corirvvtivn Wagner Electric Cerpurut Ion 3 of 14 QPL UUB-k8O.3 PAGENO="0148" MULTIPLE ADDRESS LISTING (NIlitary and Fsd,rdl Qtsallfl.d Redact. list.) All C~r Motor Ports Corp. Chavic~1s Sivisito of union Carbide Corp. 270 lork Avroue Moo Yrsk 17, Noo York Plant: Sony address Boodix Corporatioo Sooth Bond 20, Indiana Plants Sanrn address Chrysler Corporation Pt Moo 1718 Detroit 31, Miohi9an Plants: 7000 E. Eleven Mile Rood Conterline, Michigan Cvvtivnntol Oil Conpany 0. M Mollingshnad Corp. Cvsdon2,Meolorsoy Plants: Candeo 2a Moo Jersey Sunnyvale, Calif. Melts Moraine Division of General Motors Carp. 1420 Wisconsin Blvd. Dayton 1, Ohio Plant: Sane address Delta Petroleue Coepaey, let, PD Boo 10397 Neu Orleans, Louisiana 70121 Pluot: Same address Dot Choeical Contpany Abbott Road Bui Idings Midland, Michigan Plant: Gage address E. I. duPont de Nenours & Co., lot Duo Cinevital Conpany Abbott Rued Buildings Midland, MichiMan Plant: Saee address Grey Rock Din, of Raybestos-Maninattan, Inc. Wagner Electric Corporation 6laOG Plyntouth A ocean St. Louis 33, Missouri Plaet: Gauge address 0. B. Halliegshead Corporation Canden 2, Non Jersey Plants: Camden 2, Neu Jersey Suenyva Ia, Calif. Olin liathieson Chonital Corp. Organics Division 275 Winthestor A venue New Maven 4, Connetticut Plaet: Sage address Permateu Company, Inc. 1720 A venue Brooklyn 35~ Noa York Plants: Brooklyn, Nec York Kansas City IS, Kansas 4 of 4 Raybestos Division of Raybestos-Manhattan, Inc. Wagner Electric Corporation 6400 Plymouth A venue St. Louis 33, Missouri Plant: Dame address Sotony Mobil Oil Company R. M. Mollingshead Corp. Canden 2, New Jersoy Plants: Camden 2, New Jereey Sunnyvale, Calif Onion Carbide Consuaers Products Co. Division of Onion Carbide Corporation 270 Park A venue New York 17, New Oork Plant: S. Charleston 3, V. Da. Chemicals Division of Onion Carbide Corp. 270 Park Avenue Nec York 17, Nec York Plant: S. Charleston 3, W. Ma. Oni ted Parts Div - The Ethlin Mfg. Co. WaMner Electric Corporation 6400-Plymouth A venue St. Louis 33, Missouri Plant: Sane address Wagner Electric Corporation 6400 Plymouth A venue Dc. Louis 33, Missouri Plant: Sane address 144 QIL 00-0-1180 IS Juno 1J66 flRefnremee Muncher M~ufuctur*r's N~s Address and Plant Reference Number Manufacturer:5 Address and Plant PAGENO="0149" OF QPL-P-F-0OL~3O-2 te~~ber 26,~~6 SUPERSEDING - QEL P-F-001s30-l November 1.9, 1.965 PROIXICTS QUALIFIED UNDER INTHRfl4 FEDERAL STECIFICATION P-F-OO~3O (GsA-FSs) FLOOR FINISH, WATER ERULSION (FOR USE ON LIGHT COLORED ilooRs) This list has been prepared under the authority of the General Services Administration for use by or for the Government in the procurement of products covered by the subject specification and such listing of a product is not intended to and does not connote indorsement of the product by the Federal Government. All products listed herein have been qualified under the requirements for the product as specified in the latest effective issue of the applicable specification. This list is subject to change without notice; revision or amendment of this list will be issued as necessary. This listing of a product does not release the supplier from compliance with the specification requirements. Use of the information for advertising or publicity purposes is expressly forbidden, and such use will be grounds for removal of the product so advertised from the list. The activity responsible for this Qualified Products List is the Federal Supply Service, General Services Administration. Borax-Columbia R3-7 Products G' Candy Sc Co., Inc. 2515 West 35th St. Chicago, Illinois Purex Corp. Ltd. 5l31~ Lancaster Ave. Philadelphia, Pa. 19131 The Solarine Co. 1~2Ol Pulaski Highway Baltimore, Nd. United States Borax & Chemical Corp. 530 Riverdale Drive Glendale, California 3. A. Tumbler Laboratories Suite 1211 One Charles Center Baltimore, Nd. Buckingham NuLife Co., Inc. Van Dam & Borden Ave. Long Island City, N. I. Texize Chemical, Inc. P. 0. Box 368 Greenville, South Carolina Barrier Chemicals, Inc. Route #515, Box 11. Vernon, New Jersey 145 FEDERAL QUALIFIED PROWCTS LIST lot. Fed. Spec. P-F-O0l~30 (osA-FOS), dated lO/8/61~ Government Manufacturer's Test or Manufacturer a Designation Designation Qualification Reference Name and Address Candy `CC-120l5' R3-3 P-0~a3O R3-4 Solarine `G-25" R3-5 Tumbler `No. 501" R3-8 Formula #6551 R3-lO Columbia Products "C R3-12 Barrier 0-33" R3-2A Page 1 of 1 QPL P-F-0OZ~3O-2 FSC 7930 sB-5330-g8-i1 PAGENO="0150" 146 QPL P41-155-14 Sept~mber 26. 1966 SU~.ERSEDING QPL P41-155-13 July 9, 1965 FEDDEAL QUALIFIED PRODUCTS LIST OF P50 7930 PRODUCTS QUALIFIED UNDER FEDERAL SPECIFICATION P-W-155a WAX, STOOR, WATER-TIIUXOION, SLIP-RESISTANT This list has been prepared under the authority of the General Services Administration~or use by or for the Government in the procurement of products covered by the subject specification and such listing of a product is not. imtended to and does not connote indorsement of the product by the Federal Government. All products listed herein have been qualified under the requirements for the product as specified in the latest effective issue of the applicable specification. This lis1~ /is subject to change without notice; revision or amendment of this list will be issued as necessary. This listing of a product does not release the supplier from con~liance with the specification requirements. Use of the information for advertising or publicity purposes is expressly forbidden, and such use will be grounds for removal of the product so advertised from the list. The activity responsible for this Qualified Products List is~he Standardization Division, Federal Supply Service, General Services Administration. Government Manufacturer s Test or Manufacturers Designation Designation Qualification Reference Name and Address 12 Percent Candy's No. 1012 404 Candy A Co., Inc. Concentration 2515 West 35th Street Chicago 32, Illinois Candy's No. 1012-B 451 do Candy's No. 1012-C 467 do Condy's No. lOl2-D 248 do Columbia Saf-T-Pol 188 Texize Chemical Company 12 530 Riverdale Drive Glendale 4, California Columbia Snug 12 311 do Do-Nv Anti Slip 426 Do-Nv Products Co., Inc. Wax 12 630 Driggs Avenue Brooklyn Il, New York WW 12% Wax 431 do 4230C 476 Purex Corporation 2244 Nlston Ave. Chicago, Illinois Page 1 of 3 QPL P-W-l55-l4 PAGENO="0151" QPL P-W-l55-11~ Sep~teaber 26. 1966. SUPSRSEDING ~4'L P-W-15~-l3 July 9, 1966 147 PEDERP~L QUALIFIRD PROD~TS LIST CONTINUATION SNES7T Purex Corporation, Ltd. 5l31~ Lancaster Avenue Philadelphia 31, ~a. do Texize Chemical Company Lisbon Road Cleveland 1~, Ohio S. C. Johnson & Son, Inc. Racine, Wisconsin C * B. Dolge Company Westport, Connecticut Texize Chemical Company Lisbon Road Cleveland l~, Ohio Purex Corporation, Ltd. 25920 Belle Porte Ave. Harbor City, California do Purex Corporation, Ltd. 22~ Elaton Avenue Chicago ~ Illinois 4o R. M. Hollingshead Corp. 16th and Mickle Streets Camden, New Jersey Senitek Products Inc. 3959 Goodwin Avenue Los Angeles 39, California Hysan Products Co. 919 W. 31st. Street Chicago, Illinois Candy & Company, Inc. 2515 West 35th Street Chicago 32, Illinois do Government Manufacturer's Test or Manufacturer's Designation Designation Qualification Reference Name and Address Franklin 783-C I~88 12 Percent Concentration 16 Percent Concentration Franklin l172A-12 551 Test Wax 12 l~35 Johnson's I~29 W-2633-12 Shurstep 590 6-o87o5-A22l~2o 501 B8~1 155-12 325 703~fH 601 Z~5l2 Wax 595 )~6l2 Wax 228 Hollingshead 059 72705-C Sanisheen 307 Floor Mate 355 Candy's No. 1016 3lO1~ Candy's No. 1016-B Candy's No. 1016-D 250 do Page 2 of 3 QPL P-W-l55-l1~ PAGENO="0152" 148 QPL P-W-l55-l4 ~55ber~I6 QPL P-W-155-i3 July 9, 1965 FEDERAL QUALIFIED PRODUCTS LIST CORTINUATION SHICE'J Government Nanufact~,ers Test or Manufact~er's Designation Designation Q.ualificetion Name and Address Reference Columbia Saf-T- 202 Pol 16 Columbia Snug 16 312 Floor Wax 6-08512 Du-Ev Anti Slip 4012 Wax 16 Blue Label Ruff-Sheen Synthetic 212 Floor Finish Johnson a W-2634-16 430 Dora Sheen Super 473 73173C 470 6-O87o4-A223~ 503 7166C 6o~ S. C. Johnson & Son, In'~. Racine, Wisconsin Pine International Chemical 3140 So. Canal St. Chicago, Illinois Hollingsheed Corp. 932 Kifer Road Sunnyvale, California r PAGENO="0153" 149 FEDERAL QUALIFIED PRODUCTS LIST OF PRODUCTS QUALIFIED UNDER FEDERAL SPECIFIOATION BATTERY, DRY ThIs list nas been prepared under the authority of the General Services Administration for use by or for the Government In the procurement of products covered by the subject specification and such listing of a product is not Intended to and does not connote indorsemont of the product bytbe Federal Government. A)l products listed herein have been qualified under the requirements for the product as specifiedin the latest effective issue of the applicable specification. This listis subjectto change without notice; revision or amendment of this list will be Issuedas necessary. This listing of a pro- duct does not release the supplierfrom compliance with the specification requirements. Use of the informationfor advertising or publicity purposes is expresslyforbidden, and suchuse will be grounds for removal of the product so advertised from the list. The activity responsible for this Qualified Products List is the Federal. Supply Service Genersl Services Administration. QPL-W-B-l01-l2 September 30, 1966 SUPERSEDING QPL-W-B-101-ll December 30, 1965 PSC-6135 Govoremset Designation V- Manufacturers Designstian ~ Test or ~ ~-/ Manufacturer's Name sod Address 111/ Flashlicit Cells AAA-Site Cells AA-Sise Cello C- Site Cells D- lice Cells Do Industrial Flasj~Liut Qell 1- Site Cell Railroad iantgpp9atteries Type 4Fd Type 4F2d Union Carbide Consumer Prcducts Compsny (E) Ic (A) Ray-C-tao Compsny Marathon Buttery Co. Union Carbide Consumer Products Company (8) Union Carbide Consumer Products Company (A) Union Carbide Consumer Products Company (A) Union Carbide Conuumer Produots Company (C) Ray-C-tao Company Bright Star Industries Marathon Battery Co. Union Carbide Consumer Products Company (A) Eveready No. 912 Eveready No. E91 Ray-C-tao No. 711 Marathon 170 Eveready No. 915 Eveready No. E93 Eveready No. 935 Eveready No. 199 iay-0-tac No. 21 Bright Star 1GM Marthon 121 Eveready No. 950 Eveready 8 94 Eveready B 95 Ray-C-Vac 3 1 Bright Star 1OMC Eveready No. 1150 Marathon 490RR Ray-0-Vac WM2O Eveready No. 409 Eveready No. 731 P8/9-27-66 PS/9-27-66 P8/9-27-66 P8/12-2-65 PS/9-27-66 P8/9-27-66 P8/9-27-66 P8/9-27-66 P8/9-27-66 PS/12-2-65 P542-2-65 P8/9-27-66 P842-2/65 P542-2/65 P842-2-65 P8/9-27-66 P842-2-65 P842-2-65 P8/9-27-66 P8/9-27-66 P842-2-65 Union Carbide Consumer Products Company (A)1 Ray-C-tao Company Bright Star Industries Union Carbide Consumer Products Company (8) Footnote ?/ See Page 3 Footnote &/ See Page 3 Footnote ;j/ See Page 3 Marathon Battery Co. Ray-C-tao Company Union Carbide Consumer Products Company (C) 1 of 3 QPL-lJ-B-lCl-12 FSS J~%151 PAGENO="0154" 150 ~ QUALIiPI~Jy PRObUCTS LIST CONTINUATION SHEET Government Manafacturer~s Test or Manufacturer's Dessqnat,o0 Designation ~4flcat,oe Name and Address ~I ~/ AS- Size Cell Everea~dy No, 815 FS422_65 Do (N) C- Size Cell Eveready No. 835 FS/9_27..66 Do (A) D- Size Cell Eveready NE. 850 -P5/9-27.60 Do (C) Eveready W353 P8/9-27.66 Do (C) Type SF96 Eveready 717 FS/l2.265 Do (B) Type P40 Eveready 742 FS/9.27.~66 Do (C) Type P4D Eveready 744 P5/9~2?-66 Do (C) Type 3D Eveready 726 PS/92760 Uoioo Carbide Cons~er Produots Type 30 Eveready 746 FS/9_27_66 Do Company (C) Type 1SF 15 Eveready No. 505 F542-2..65 Jo Typo 1SF 20 Eveready No. 412 FS/12-2..65 Type 15? 20 Burgess 5115 Type 1SF 80 Eveready No. 763 FS/9-27~60 Type 30 AS Ray-Ov~0 No. 205 P542-265 Type 30 AA Eveready No. 738 FS/9-27..66 Type 3QP 40 Eveready No. 455 FS/9_27_66 Type 30F 90 Eveready No. 482 FS/9_27_66 Type 30P 96 Eveready 484 FS/9-27.Ai~ Type 30F 96 Eveready No. 7625 P5/13.2..65 Type 30? 100 Eveready No. 487 Type 30o Ray-0~va0 No. 727 Ps/9-27_66 Type 45? 25 Eveready No. 477 FS/12_2..6S Type 4SF 30 Ray-tJ..Vao 203 FI/12-265 Type 4SF 30 Eveready No. 457 FS/9_27...66 Type 45F 40 Eveready No. 467 P5/12-2-65 Type 60 F 40 Eveready No. 490 P5/9-2?..66 Type (6c0/60F 6o) Eveready No. 756 Ps/l2-265 Eveready tb. 781 PS/9_37..66 Type SB Eveready No. 773 F5/9..2766 Type 158 Eveready Jo. 778 P5/9-27.66 Type 200 P20 Eveready No. 493 F5/9_27..66 Eveready No. 1015 P5/12..2..65 Type C- Size Cell Eveready No. 1035 P542-2.65 Type 0- Size Cell Eveready No. 1050 FS/9..27..66 T~pe 3F 12-2 Eveready No. 333 P5/9-27.66 Type 3L 01 Eveready No. 523 P542-2-65 Type 6F 22 Eveready Jo. 216 Type 6F 24 Eveready Ho. 226 F542_2_65 2 of 3 Do (B) Do Do Do Do Do Do Do Do Do Do Do PIN F~pJ.T 339 A00UI~ 1962 PAGENO="0155" 151 FEDERAL QUALIFIED PRODUCTS LIST CONTINUATION SHEET Government Designahoc Manufacturer's Designation ~ Test or Q~~~:n ~ Manufacturer's Name and Address No~ 6Ce)~Le General Purpose Do Industrial Rpgular Grade Telesloono Alamo ~/ Addre~sam oL Acme Battery Bright Star I Burgess Batte Marathon Batt Ray-C-Van Coo Union Carbide Union Carbide Union Carbide Union Carbide Union Carbide Union Carbide Union Carbide Union Carbide 2/ Letter design Consumer Prod See footnote ~/ The numerals example, P8/9 September 27, Bright Star No. 6 ~ Ruy-O-Vac No. 6 1gm. Eveready No. 6 Ign. Eveready 6BR and III P8/9-28-66 P842-2-65 P842-2-65 P8/9-27-66 Bright Star Industries Ray-O-Vao Company Union Carbide Consumer Products Company (0) Do (D) Bright Star No. 6. Tel. Ray-O-.Vao No. 6. Tel. Eveready Columbia Gray Label P8/12-2-65 P842-2-65 P8/9-27-66 Bright Star Industries Eay-O-Vam Company Union Carbide Consumer Products Company (D) Bright Star 601 nufacturars Planta P8/9-28-66 y s n of Union Carbide Corp., of Union Carbide Corp., of Union Carbide Corp., of Union Carbide Corp., of Union Carbide Corp., of Union Corp., Ned OaBc, of Union Carbide Corp., of Union Carbide Corp., ollowing "Unin Carbide plant address. Bright Star Industries Ashiboro, N. C. (A) Chamflotte, N. C. (B) Cle4eland, Ohio (0) Pre4Dnt, Ohio (D) Gre4,ville, N. C. (5) Ios~a (F) Lab4ratory, Benningto Vt. (1) St. 1Albans, Vt. (5) rp., Stamford, Comn. ustries, Clifton, New Jers Company, Preeport, Illino y Company, Wausau, Wiecons ny, Madison 10, Wisconsin onsumer Product Co., Div. onsumer Produoto Co., Div. onsumer Products Co., Div. onsumer Products Co., Div. onsumer Products Co., Div. onsumer Products Co., Div. onsumer Products Co., Div. omsumor Products Co., Div. ion, Vim., A, B, C, etc., to Co." indicates specific the reference indicate th 7-66 indicates approval of 966. date of approval. For the product as of 3 of 3 QPL-W-B-l0l-12 P55 FORM 339 AUGUST 1962 PAGENO="0156" 152 QPL-W-P-421..5 QPL-W-F421-4 June .30, 1964 FEDERAL QUALIFIED PRODUCTS LIST OF PRODUCTS QUALIF~IED UNDER FEDERAL SPECIFICATION FtASNLIGHTS: ELECTRIC, RAND W..F-42lb This list nas been prepared under the authority of the General Services Administration for use by or for the Government in the procurement ~f products covered by the subject specification and such listing of a product is not intended to and does not connote indorsement of the product bythe Federal Government. All products listed herein have been qualifiedunder the requirements for the product as specifiedin the latest effective issue of the applicable specification. This listis subjectto change without notice~ revisionor amendment of this list willbe issue4as necessary. This listing of a pro- duct does not release the supplierfrom compliance with the specification requirements. Use of the informationfor advertising or publicity purposes is expresslyforbidden. and suchtrse will be grounds for removal of the product so advertised from the list. ~beactiv~,~sponalble f or this Qualified Products List is the Federal Supply Service, General Class 1 - Rough Servic Sire 1 - Two tel]. Bright Star Ixituatriea 600 Getty Avenue Clifton, New Jersey Bridgeport Metal Goods Manufacturing Co. Bridgeport 5, Cpnnecticut P\rlton Mfg. Corp. Wauaeon, Ohio 4356? Bright Star Izxluatriaa 600 Getty Avenue Clifton, New Jersey Fulton Mfg. Corp. Wauseon, Ohio 43567 Ft].ton Mfg. Corp. Wauaeon, Ohio 43567 Union Carbide Corp. Consumer Products Ilivision 270 Park A*enue New York, New York 10017 Union Carbide Corp. Consumer Products Division 270 Park Avenue New York, New York 10017 Bridgeport Metal Goods Efg. Co. Bridgeport 5, Conn. 1 of 2 QPL-W-F-421 Government Designation Manufacturer's Designation Test or Qt;~~t::,:n Mansfacturer~s Name and Address do do do dO Size 2 - Three Cell do do Class 2 - Gener~l Servi Size 1 - Two Cell do do do do do do 1818 5590 38 1825 F-34 235-S Eveready 319-9 Eveready 2251 5198 P5/7-9-56 55/6-21-65 FS/5-16-60 23/12-7-56 23/7-9-56 P5/4-20-62 23/7-28-59 55/7-10-57 23/6-26-59 FSS hf~fa `151 PAGENO="0157" 153 QPL-Il-F-i21-° Superseding QPL-W-F~.42l-4 FEDERAL QUALIFIED PRODUCTS LIST CONTINUATION SHEET Junta 30, 1964 Government Des~qeotioe Manufacturer's Designation Test or 0uoIificot~on Reference Claso 2 - General Service (Continued) Size 2 - Three Cell do do do do Size 3 - Five Cell 3351 2351 5397 5351 P5/7-9-56 P5/8-15-62 P5/5-14-63 I's/7_9-56 Manufacturer's Noise and Address Fulton Mfg. Corp. Wauseon, Ohio 43567 Union Carbide Corp. Conavzoer Products Division 270 Park Avenue New York, New Tork 10017 Bridgeport Metal Goods Manufacturing Co. Bridgeport 5, Connecticut Fulton Rig. Corp. Wauneon, Ohio 43567 1 of 2 QPL-W-F-421 PBS FORM 339 AUGUST 1962 PAGENO="0158" )1Qt~2& This List is available to persons employed by the Federal Government who require it in the procurement of supply items listed herein. Federal Qualified Products Lists shall not be made available to any other person except as provided herein. Qualified Products Lists may be furnished to prime centres.. tors who supply items or services, or a combination thereof, procured by the Federal Government, only if the prime contractor ie required to procure from others, materials, parts, components or eubausemblies listed ott a Qualified Products List in the production of the item(s) covered by his prime contract. Reproduction of this List in whole or in part is expressly prohibited. FEDERAL QUALIFIED PRODUCTS LIST OF PRODUCTS QUALIFIED UNDER FEDERAL SPECIFICATION W-L-311ta LIGW0S; BC8JSE1IGID Asp prodsct listed hereis hss bees qualified setter the requirements fsr the product us specified is the latest issue of the applicable specificatisn. Revisions of this list will be issued as necessary. The listisg ot product does not release the easufacturer trots compliasce with the speciticatios requi~emesss. Reprodsctios of, or reference to this list is whole or in part for advertising purposes is expressly forbidden. 154 QPL-M.L-314v4 ~~3l160 QItL..W-L-314..3 June 29, 1950 Government D.sigootion Monufsclur..ra Dssig..nlion !/ Teat or oul.f,cntt:n Mnnofsctaeer's Hem. nod Addresa ~/ j ?ype I- large floor lump, Incandescent 300/200/100 watt Style P.- Conventional design do do do do do do Style 8- Modern design do do do do do do do Style C.. Colonial design do do do do do do do do do do Footnotes ~/ and ~/ See Page 7 of 7 0-39-76 J47C394 142-102 C-39-254-~ 0-39-1005 0-39-1007 CltPlB-A 132 ~l15 0-39-1009 160 0-39-235 0-39-1002 J47C375 142-100 ~a4 AC-S 127 ~C4R 58-206 lA/iSO 975 142-5116 1460614 5001 7005 0-39-71 0-49-71 ~l34 142-101 0-39-1004 128 129 C39-1006 011P18-C 14A26 P3/5-24-60 P3/5-23-56 P3/5-23-56 P3/4-8-57 P3/5-24-60 P3/5-24-60 P3/5-24-60 P3/5-29-59 P3/11-19-59 P6/2-1-60 P3/5-24-60 P3/7-1-60 P3/5-24..60 P3/5-24-60 P3/5-23-56 P3/5-23-56 Ps/4-28..58 P3/4-29-59 P3/4-30-59 P3/5-5-58 P3/2-26-60 P3/3-29-60 P3/5-16-60 P3/6-7-60 P3/5-31-60 P3/4,.4-6o P3/5-24-60 P3/5-24-do P3/5-23-56 P3/4-8-57 P3/5-24-60 P3/4-29..59 P3/5-25-59 P3/5-24-do P3/5-29-59 P3/6-1-59 Artistic Lamp Mfg. Co., Inc. Mario l4fg. Co., Inc. Stadler-Neuwirth, Inc. Mutual-Sunset Lamp 141g. Co., Inc. Artistic Lamp 141g. Co., Inc. Artistic lamp 141g. Co., Ins. Artistic lamp 141g. Co., Inc. Calpa Products Company 0-F-C 141g. Co., Inc. 3tadles~.Neuwisth, Inc. Artistic Lamp ltlga Co., Inc. 0-F-C 14.1g. Co., Inc. Artistic Lump Mfg. Co., Inc. Artistic Lamp l4fg. Co., Inca Marib 141g. Co., Inc. Mutual-Sunset lamp 141g. Co., Inc. Stadler-Newstrth, Inc. Calpa Products Company 0-F-C 144. Co., Zoo. Stadler-Neuwipth, Inc. Mario 14.1g. Company, Inc. 0-P-C 141g. Co., Inc. }lodsline Co. of Oa3if, * Inc. l~utsii.l Senset Lamp 141g. Co., ~6nst 141g. Co. Mutual Scoot lamp 141g. Co. ?so~cal dun Company Artistia Lamp 141g. Co., Inc. Artistic Laap 141g. Co., Zoo. Stadler-Neuwis'th, Inc. Mutual-Sunaet Lamp 141g. Co., Inc. Artistic Lamp 311g. lb., Inc. 0-F-C }tfg, Co., Inc. 0-P-C Mfg. Co., Inc. Artistic Lamp 141g. Cm., Inc. Celpa Products Company Mario 141g. Company, Inc. 1 of 7 QPL-W-L-314-4 en.tal PAGENO="0159" ,~ ~ I~ ~ ~ ~ ~ -~ a I 8 ~ 0 C) ~O. ~ ~~i~*Xj X- I ~ ))O)~~ (1) 0 ~: ~ ?F~?? ~ ??r? ~ F? F F!F F ? F F? PAGENO="0160" ~ii ~ k~m~t~I ~td ~ I tfl I Uhf 1111111 ~ cj~ ~. k I ~d I ? F! F? PAGENO="0161" ~11~ oooq u~ ~ OO~ 1- s~t~ S ttt I III 1% t%%~ PAGENO="0162" do do do do Style d1'~ design do do do do design do do Retta0 an~ Wood ?ype VIIX. l)reesez, leap iflOandOe*ent 100 watt Style A- design do Style g. Nodeoo design do Style C- Colo~jsi design do P5/4.5.57 PS/5~_~ P5/5.2460 P5/22.24.59 ~S/5-2~.56 PS/5-21,..56 PS/5~9~ `5/5-24.60 /~4-60 `3/5-24.56 `5/5-23.56 P5/4.8.57 P8/5.25.59 PS/5.2%59 `8/3~29.60 ~S/5-l2.59 PS/6..1..59 P5/2..25~o P5/6.10.60 boo. ~, Ina* Leap Ntg. Co* l4tg.~Co., Zos. 111g. CoO, mo, , Zoo. Co, Co., mo. Co., mo. lamp Stg. Co., Xnc* Ina* *tg. Co., ~ ~g. Co., ma, Zno~ moo. Inc. ~tg. Go,, Zoo. 1ô8 watt "So QPL4B.L..3Z4,~ June 29, 1959 Type fly.. watt Style A- design do do do do do do Style B- Nodeun design do do Lamp Bttg, CoO, Inc. AX'tietic Leap Mtg. Co., Inc. Stadle~.,~.th Xna~ ~ lttg. Co., Inc~ Golden State Lamp ~ S~ad. design MA-24 M8..l~5 P5/5.357 ~~/5-Z'-59 PS/5..~3..57 P5/5-27.59 Saz~o Mfg. Co mo, Zoo, Lamp Ittg, Co., Lamp 1~g. Co., 5 at 7 QPX,.W.L.314,4 PAGENO="0163" Aegetet l5~ l$O QPI~-V-X~.3l4-3 June 29, 1959 159 Government Designation Manufacturer's D~*lgnatlon Test or Reference Manufacturer's Name and Address Type IX.. Dressing table lamp, incandescent 100 watt Style A- Conventional design 1(418 P8/5-3-57 Mario Mtg. Co., Inc. do M9-.l06 P8/5-27-59 Mutual-Sunset Lamp Mfg~ Co., Inc. Style B- Modern design C14-l573 PS/5-24..60 Artistic Lamp Mi'g. Co., The. do 114.1? P8/5..3..57 Mario Mfg. Co., Inc. do M9-l04 Fs/5-Z7-59 Mrxtual.-Suneet Lamp Mg. Co., The. Style C- Colonial design 14416 Ps/5-:3-57 Mario Mfg. Co., Inc. do 119-103 PS/4..28..58 Mutual-Sunaet Lump Mfg. Co., Inc. Provincial design 149-105 P8/5-27-59 Mutual-Sunset Leap Mfg. Co.5 The. Type X- Tall table lamp, incandescent 150/100/50 watt Style A- Conventional design CRP3.D~A P8/3-10-60 Calpa Products Company do 702 P8/3.11-60 Ct-P-C tOtg. Co., Inc. do MA-28 FS/3-14..60 Mario Mtg. Co., The. do 111-112 P5/3-15-60 Mutual-Sunset Lamp l4fg. Co., The. do 511-248 P8/4-18-60 Stadler-Neuwirth, The. Style B. Modern design 5105 P8/ll-3..59 Mutual-Sunset Lamp Mfg. Co., Inc. do C1*1QTB P8/3-10.60 Calpa Products Company do 706 P8/3-11-60 0-P-C M.tg. Co., The. do MA-29 P8/3-14-60 Mario Mfg. Co., The. do 14X-llO P5/3-15-60 Mutual-Sunset Lamp M.t'g. Co., Inc. do ~f-228 P5/4-18-60 Stadier-Neuwirth, Inc. Style C- Colonial design CRP1OTC P8/3-10-60 Calpa Pxoducta Company do 706 P8/3-11-dO 0-F-C M.~g. Co., The. do MA-27 P8/3-14-60 Mario Mfg. Co., The. do 141-113 P8/3-15-60 Mutual-Sunset Lamp Mtg. Co., Ian,. do 25 P8/3-29-60 Tropical Sun Company do 811-238 P8/4-18-60 8tadler-Neuwirth, The. Provincial design 7% P8/3-11-60 0-P-C Mfg. Co., The. do MI-lU P8/3-15-60 Mutual-Sunset Lamp Mtg. Co., Inc. do Bt-258 P5/4-18-60 Stadler-Neuwirth, Inc. Rattan and l*.od G.S.L.4l P8/6-10-60 Golden State Lamp and Suade Ounpany `No style designation" 89-5108 P8/6-13-60 Artistic Lamp Mtg. Co., The. Type XI- ~ctra tall table letup incandescent 150/100/50 watt Style A- Conventional design CRP11TA P8/3-10-60 Cslpa Products Company do 703 F8/3-U-60 0-P-C Mfg. Co., Inc. 6 of 7 QPL-W-I,-314..4 PAGENO="0164" ~/ Manufa,t~,,2,,, oat G-p~c Nfg. Co., Inc. MUtuA_l_5~p~~~ Lamp Mfg. Co., Inc. Stadle,Neu~j~ In,, aber of lamp as modjfj~,j t meet the ~ of P eral ~~ecifjcatj00 W1..3144, 7 of 7 ~ cuss s~ 6i-~s~ 160 9PL-'W-L~3L4.4 QPL.4j..L..314..3 June 29, 1959 do ~J-34g do Mut-32 Style g.. ~ex~ design do 707 do 390 ~:to 515 ~51l4 )OCI~5U5 MXI~5U3 bM~.30 Style c- Colonial design CRPUTC P5/3~10.6o do 901 do Mfl-U7 do ~1-33g P8/4.18.60 do MI(-31 `5/3-14.60 Provincial design do PS/4-l8.6o PAGENO="0165" toDcawe Steam liskdbeceme ttfdflhlthe ctqeeam*e*b of.. a,ate~ot Rtq.sest.ftceM liu obdl.dad. the a efoho otaosaetac I io.aliomf.r b/dfm OtIaIth So is roqafrmd QUALIFIED N~ODUCTS LIST OF PRODUCTS QUALIFIED Ut~DER7FEDERAL SPECIFICATION F ~ TAPES, RECORDING, SOUND AND INSTRUMENTATION, MAGNETIC OXIDE COATED, GENERAL SPECIFICATION FOR Iis ~ E~p~as.~ ten by foe ,he Gma wea: a she p moas of pradao,s oanoood by the sabjecs .peeteeaaaa. All poodaess licsod hreeio bane boec qx4ified xmdo, :bo ooqaioo.aoaa foe ste peodoet spoei5od So the la:ost Retina ittee ofthcsppRosbl pocifioatica Rreisio aweadowotxf:hislit,a'iibo i,nodw xeeoa::ey. The lissog of peadoet doe, ao: ado.,. the wo fsetceso Root phsaea otith the spooifieat:ext smqwieotoass. tap doosixtt of lb. its, to whole a pete, eoeep: by she Ganaooatota, as. wE tbe iafceawsiaa shtes'a shetoaa foe sdnoetisiag pxaposas a oxpoessly fo,bbtdoo. The :osimisy eespxos:ble foe abS. Qualified Paadaras List is tho Naval ShiP EnaineerAp~ Center TESTOR GOVERNMENT MANUFACTURER'S QUALIFICATION MANUFACTURER'S NAME DESIGNATION DESIGNATION EFFERENCR ANTI ADDUESS -a-T-007O-16 5 January 1967 `IThS AMSNDUEENT IO2.M5 A PAAT ORQII DAThD Page 5: Delete the folloxing products: TIT-A-RR Ampex Cat. Ru. 737 Ny 5991-9, Final Report Ampex Corporation Marvyn Read Opelika, Alabama 36ROl Plant: Dame address Ampex Corporation Marvyn Road Opeliba, Alabama 36001 Plant: Dame address NY 5991-lA, Final Report Ampex Corporation Marvyn Read Opeliba, Alabama 36RD1 Plant: Dame address DY 5991-lu, Pact 4 Ampex Corporation Mareyn Road Opeliba, Alabama 36RD1 Plant: Dame address Radix Devices, Incorporated 235 E. 42md Itreet New Yxob, Rex Oorh 10017 Plant: Glembroob, Cohn. 06906 N.Y. 9200-221, Final Report Minnesota Mining & Mfq. Co. N.Y 9200-227, Final Report 2101 Madsen Road It. Paul, Minn. 15110 Plants: Freehold, N. J. Camarillo, Calif N.Y. 9200-224, FAnal Report Rirnoexto Mining & dfg Co. 2DOl Rudson Road Nt. Paul, Minn. 55119 Plants: Freehold, N. J. Camarille, Calif. 161 QPL-R-T-007O-lR AMENDM0NT-2 14 April 1967 IDP0R1000NG QPL-R-T-OO7D-1A AM000MRNT-l 2 March 1967 NY 5991-1R, Part 4 TIT-A-RT 0 mpex Cat. An. 747 TIT-R-AR Ampex Cat. No. 731 TIT-N-RT Anpex Cat. No. 741 Page 5: Aad the fnllox~ ng product: TIT-N-MR #51-7 N.Y. 9200-222 Final Nmpert Page `7: Add the following products: TIT-M-hx Scotch Nrand 070 TIT-R-M'r Icotch Rrond M71 RM-533 0 - MS - 12 1 of 1 PAGENO="0166" 162 S.precaee lass. lIa$rdMws e./blftilehe vssSqfa caatesri ReqeseSIfeetM ldatthallieaisde she cc rleaherIasjes $W/be**ICb Isle .eqaabod QUALIFIED PRODUCTS LIST OF PRODUCTS QUALIFIED UNDER FEDERAL SPECIFICATION ?f-T-0070 QPL-e-T-0070-lA January 1967 SUPERSEDING qPL-R.T.S070-ls 12 July 1966 1~sc 5835 TAPES, RECORDING, SCOND AND INSTRUMENTATION, M6ONETIC OXIDE COATED, GENERAL SPECIP~CATION POR This list has been prepared foe aar by or Ice she Gcseaeamett a the procaseetssest o(peodacts coerced by the subject sprclflc.tiat. AS products Rated brent bare born qualified cruder the eeqaieeoectts 6cr the produce or specified a the latest effectct'ri..ut ufsheupplicsble.pesAflcstioc. RenlaiooorsctteedtsettufthitlisteriOheistoed,s oeotss.ey. The liatitg of a product does set eeleast the manuftcsueer feoct cumplisstot ecith the sseroiflcstiot eequietmeots. Repreductioc of thit list in chub arc part, except by the Grneesstsrtt, or use of she iaftcrstsstiost sboero thoreau for sdvresialtsg purposes is tupeestly uloebiddeo. The tcsinisy et.po.sibtt foe this Qaallfiod Peudacsa List it the Naval Ship Enfilnerlng Cnutor~ GOVS*NMSNT ONATION - MANUPACTUESS'S DESIGNATION ausc ION ~ MANUPACTUDES'S NAMU AND ADOSESS TAT-A-FR TAT-S-PR TAT-S-FT TAT-A-PA TAT-A-FR TAT-A-FR TAT-A-FR TAT-A-FR TAT-S-FR SPECIFICATI e-T-0070/i Aopeo Cat. No. All RI 5336-24 Final Report Ampex Cat. No. 610 WY 6399-2.4 Aoinex Cat. No. 62R NY 6399-2.5. Final Renort Audiotape 24-5 NY 5336-R, Final Report Rurgeso 111 NY 5336"75e Final Report 6-303 NY 9200-61, Final Report Scotch Rrand 111 NY 5336-1, Part 4, Final Report Mat Lab. Ipdltr. 931*11-Nato 165/LI dtd. 23 Dec. 1953 lEA RU 9200'l4e Final Report iSA NY 9200-15k Final Report Ampex Corporation Marvyn Road Opeliba. Alabama 36601 Plants Sane address Ampex Corporation Narvyn Road Opelika, Alabama 36001 Plants Sane addreas Anpex Corporation Marvyn Road Opaliba, Alabama 36001 Flants Same address Audio Devices. Inc. 235 East 42nd Street New York, too York Plants Glenbrouk~ Comm. Rurgess Battery Co. Freoport, Illinois Plants Sane address Eastman Kodak Company 343 State Street Rochostor, Non York 14650 Plants Sane address Minoaaota Mining & MPG. Co. 2501 Hudson Road St. Pault Mimneso~a 55119 Plantas Mutchbmsom, Minm. Freehold, N. 3. Canarillo, Calif. Radio Cnrp. of Anerica 6800 East 30th Street Indianapolis l~ Indiana Plants Sane addraas Radio Carp. of America 6000 East 30th Street Indianapnlis 1, Indiana Plants Same address 1 of 9 PAGENO="0167" SPECIFICATION Soundoraft S Series -T-0070/l NY 5336-7, Final Report NPL-W-T-0070 163 00V1*NMIN? DBIGNAUON MANUPACTUĜI*S D*HSONAT$ON 0* ~ MANUPAC9U**IS NAMI AND ADD**8S TAT-A-PR TAT-A-HR TAT-A-MT TAT-B-HR TAT-B-MT TAT-A-HR TAT-A-ST TAT-N-NT TAT-A-HR TAT-B-H8 TAT-A-HR TAT-A-H7 2 of 9 RPECIFICAT~ Ampex Cat. No. 631 Ampex Cat. No. 641 Ampex Cat, No. 638 Aspax Cat. No. 648 Audiotape 24-7 Audiotape 24-6 Audiotape 13-6 25-151 25-101 N3A-F 53A-R W-T-5570/2 NY 5336-24, Final Report NY 5336-24, Final Report NY 5336-54 Pt, I, Final Report NY 6399-2.3, Final Report NY 0336-N & NY 5336-23 Final Reports NY 1336-N & NY 5336-23 Final Reports NY 6399-6,1 NY 9200-104, Final Report NY 9200-005, Final Report NY 6399-3,7 Final Report NY 6399-3.5 Final Report Reeves Soundcraft Div. of Reeves Industries Ins, Great Pasture Road Danbury, Conn. Plants Sane oddness Ampex Corpopation Narvyn Road Spelika, Alabama 3A801 Plant, Sane address Ampex Corporation Marvyn Road Spelike, Alabama 36001 Plants Sane address Ampex Corporation Marvyn Rood Opelika, Alabama 36001 Plants SoMe address Ampex Corperatios Mervyu Nxad Opeliba, Alabama 3A801 Flanis Sane address Audio Devices, mc, 235 East 42nd Street New Yxrb, New Ynrb Plants Slenbroob, Coon, Audio Devices, Inc. 235 East 42nd Street New York, New York Plant, Gleukrnok, Coon, Audio Devices, Inc. 235 nast 42nd Street Sew York, New York Plant, Slsnkrunb, Coon, Man Panel Company 2060 Rrentwood Street High Point, N. C. Plants Same address Sac Panel Company 2060 Rrentwood Street High Point, N, C, Plants Sane address Meoorex Corporation 1180 Skulman Avenue Santa Clara, California 95050 Plants Sane address Menorso Corporation 11NS Skulnan Avenue Santa Clayo, California 95050 Plants Sane address PAGENO="0168" / Sco~~ Scotch 9~and 813 8~ Scotch Scald 812 Scotch Scand 812 Scotch 8xacd 813 5336-7k, F1na~ 8 164 PAGENO="0169" Radio Corp. of America 6500 last 35th Street Indianapolis 1, Indiana Plant: Same address Radio Corp. of America 6600 East 30th Street Indlanapolin 1, Indiana Plant: Sane address Roavas Soundcraft Div. of Reeves Industries Inc. Great Pasture Road Danbury, Connecticut Plant: lane address Reeves Souodcraft Div. of Reeves Industries Inc. Great Pasture Road Donbury, Connecticut Plant: Sane address Reeves Seendnraft liv. of Reeves Sodustries Inc. Great Pasture Road Danbury, Connecticut Plant: lame addresd Reavee $osodnraft Div. of Reeves Industries Inc. Great Pasture Road Danbury, Connecticut Plant: lane address Aspem Corporation Marvyn Road Opelika. alabama 36001 Plant: Ease address Ampeo Cooperation Marvyn Road Opeliba, Alabama 36800 Plant: Same address Anpso Cooperation Marvyn Road Opeliba, Alabama 36901 Plant: lane address Audio Devices, Inc. 235 East 42nd Street Rae Sorb, Roe Sorb Plant: Gleobroob, Coon. Reeves Rosndcraft Div. of Reeves Industries Inc. Great Pastor6 Read Danbury, Connecticut Plant: Same address 165 GOVIINMUP4T DESSONATION MANUACTU~N1 DUeSF4ATION TUTOR ~ MANUFACTURER'S NAME - AND ADDRESS QPL.R-T-SS7S TAT-B-HR TAT-R-RT TAT-A-OR TAT-A-Hr TAT-B-OR TAT-R-OT TOT-A-FR TOT-A-FT TOT-B-PR DID-A-FR TOT-A-PR SPECIFICATION 159 1OM Soundcraft L Series leundcraft PL Series loundcraft 0TH 1.6 Series Soundcraft 0TH 1.0 Series 8PECIFICATION Aopem Cat. No. 717 Ampeo Cat. Ne. 707 Ampao Cat. Ne, 711 Autotape 50-5 Soondcraft 8TA 1.5 SerIes -T-5070/2 NY 5336-70, Final Report NO 5336-71, Final Report NY 5336-13, Part 1 Final Report NY 5336-13, Part 1 Final Report 05 6399-5,1, Final Report 00 6399-1.2, Final Report -T-S070/3 NY 6991-9, Final Repent NY 5991-9, Final Report NY 5991-9, Final Report NY 0991-20, Final Report NY 5991-4, Final Report 4 of 9 PAGENO="0170" Ampex Corporation Marvyn Road Opelika, Alabama 36801 Plants Same address Ampex Corporation Mervym Road Opelika, Alabama 36801 Plants Same address Ampex Corporation Ma~vyn Reed Opelike, Alabama 36801 Plamts Same address Ampex Corporation Marvin Road Opeliba, Alabama 36801 Plants Same address Ampex Corperatiom Marvyn Road Opelika, Alabama 36801 Plants Same address Ampex Corporation Marvyn Road Opelika, Alabama 36801 Plants Same address Ampex Corporation Marvyn Road Opelibe, Alabama 36801 Plants Sane address Ampex Corporation Memvym Road Opelika, Alabono 36801 Plants Some address Audio Devices. SAc, 231 Coat 42nd Street Rew York, New York Plants llembroob, Coon. Audio Devices, Inc. 235 Peat 42nd Street New Yorb, New brA Plants Glenbrook. Coon. Audio Devicea, Coo. 235 Seat 42nd Street New York, New York Plants Glenbrook, Cono, Consolidated Electro- Dynamics Corporation 360 Sierra Madre Villa Passdeoa 15, California (Distributor) Eastman Kodak Company 343 State Street Rochester, New York 14650 Plants Same address (Manufacturen) S of 9 166 GOVERNMENT DESIGNAT5ON MANUFACTURER'S DESIGNATION TEST OR OUAUFSCATION REFERENCE MANUFACTURER'S NAME AND ADDRESS QPL-W.T.0070 SPSCSPSCAIS( 8.1.0175/4 lIT-A-Hg 1ST-A-HR 1ST-A-HI 1ST-A-HI 1ST-B-HR TIT-B.Hg TST-O-HT 1ST-C-HI 1ST-A-OR 1ST-A-HI TIT-R.OT TIT-R-18Y Ampex Cat, Ox. 736 Aopax Cat, To. 737 Ampex Cat Ho, 746 Ampex Cat, No. 747 Aopex Cat. No, 731 Aopex Cat, Ho, 728 Ampeo Cat, Se, 741 Ampex Cat. No. 748 Audiotape 50-7 Audiotape 50-6 Audiotape 51-6 ~C type SX 231 HY 9200-8, Final Report NY 5991-9, Final Report NY 9200-9, Final Report NY 5991-1B, Part 4 NY 5991-10, Final Report NY 9200-5 Final Report NY 5991-la, Part 4 TV 9200-7 Final Report iY 6399-6.3 TY 5991-2, Final Report 0? 6399.4,1, Final Reporl 9200-154 PAGENO="0171" 30V*NMI~ DISIONATION ~ MANUACTUIMI DISI0NAT~0N 018001 0UAU?ICM~0N RIPIRINCI MANU~ACTU1D1 NAMI ~ SPECIFICATION IV-T-0070/4 TIT-8-HT CEC type SX 233 9200116 Coosolidated Olectro- lynamics Corporation 360 Sierra Madre Villa Pasadena 11, California (~)ietributor) Eastman Kodak Company 343 State Street Rochester, New York 14600 Plant: Sane address (Manufacturer) TIT-B-OR CEC type SD 331 9200111 Consolidated Electro- Dynam0cs Corporation 360 Sierra Madre Villa Pasadena 11, California (Distrikutor) Eastman Kodak Company 343 State Street Rochester, Ecu York 14650 Plant: Same address (Manufacturer) TIT-O-HR CEC type AX 333 9200117 Consolidated Electro- Dynamics Corporation 360 Sierra Madre Villa Pasadena 11, California (Distrikutor) Eastman Kodak Company 343 State Street Rochester, law York 14650 (Samufacturer) TIT-0-Oo CIC Type SX-331 MV 9200-214 Consolidated ilectro- Pinal Report Dynamics Corporatiun 360 Sierra Cadre Villa Psaadena 10, California (Dietrikutur) Eastman Kodak Company 343 State Otroot Rochester, S. V. 14000 (Manufacturer) TIT-A-OR 33t-F NV 6399-3.4 Memoreu Corporation Final Report 1180 Sholman Avenue Santa Clara, California 90000 Plant: Sane address TST-A-H~ 336-S NY 6399-3.1 Memorex Corporation Final Report 1180 Shulman Avenua Santa Clara, California 91010 Plant: Sane addrees TIT-R-HR 338-P NY 9200l32, Memorex Carporation Final Repart 1180 Shulman Avenue Sauta Clara, California 95050 Plant: Same address QPL-W-T-SO7S - 167 ____________________________________________________ 6 of 9 PAGENO="0172" Minnesota Mining & Mfa. Co. 2501 HudsynRoad St. Paul, Minnesota 55119 Plants: Hutchinson. Mine. Preehoid, Mew Jersey Casanilla, Calif. Minnos,ta Mining & Mfg. Co. 2501 Hudson Road St. Paul, Minnesota 55119 Plants: Hutchinoun, Minn. Preehold, new Jersey Camanillo, Calif. Minnesota Mining & Mfg. Co. 2501 Hudson Read St. Paul, Minnesota 15119 Plants: Outchinson. Minn. Proahoid, New Jersey Comarilin: Calif. Minnesota Mining & Mfg. Co. 2501 Hudson Road St. Paul, Minnesota 55119 Plants: Hutchinson, Minn, Preehold. New Jersey Camarillo. Calif. Minnesota Mining & Mfg, Cn, 2501 Hudson Road St. Paul, Minnesota 55119 Plants: Hutchinson, Minn. Preeholda New Jensen Camarilin. Calif. Minnesota Mining & MPg. Cs. 2501 Hudson Road Rt. Paul, Minnesota 55119 Plants: Hutchinson. Minn. Preehold. NeH jersey Cananillo, Calif. Minnesota Mining & MPg. Cs. 2501 Hudson Road St. Paul, Minnesota 51119 Plants: Hutchinson, Minn. Preehold: New ~ersev Oinnesata Mining H Mfg. Co. 2501 Hudson Road St. Paul, Minnesotg 55119 Planté: Hutchinson, Minn. Preehold, Hew Jensen Radio Corn, of America 6000 Rest 30th Street Indianapolis 1. Indiana Plant: Same address 168 -~ - -e OOVERNMR4T DSSREP4ATPON MANUPACTUIER'S DSNIGP1~TION MAMUMACTURER'S NAME AND ADDRESS QPL-O-T-007S TIT-A-OT TIT-A-05 TIT-A-0R CIT-A-MT TIT-B-M5 TIT-R-H1 SIT-B-MO SIT-RH5 SIT-A-HR TIT-A-HT SPRCIPICATIOB Scotch Brand 459 Sostch Brand 400 Scotch Brand 050 Scotch Brand 051 Scotch Brand 060 Scotch Brand 061 Scotch Brand B-45B Snatch Brand 0-459 1505 lSMI 0-7-0570/4 NY 5849-7, Pinal Report N MY 5849-9, Ptnal Repent NY 5049-7, Pinal Report & MY 5049-9, Pinal Report BY 6399-2.9, Pinal Report NY 0200-135, Pinel Report MS 6399-2.7, Pinal Report 05 6399-2.6, Pinal Report NY 5991-3A, Pilnal Bapsrt 55 5049-7, Fisal Report & NY 5049-9, Pinal Report 55 9200-16. FineS Report 55 9200-144 Radio Corn, of America 6800 nest 30th Street Indianapolis 1. Indiana Plant: Sane address 7 nY 9 PAGENO="0173" Radio Corn, of America 6800 East 30th Street Imdlanapolls I, Indiana Plants Same address Radio Corp of America 6800 Ea8t 30th Street Indiamapolis 1, Sodlama Plant: Same address Radio Corp. mf America 6800 East 30th Street Dndlanapolls 1, Indiana Plants Same address Radio Corp. of America 6800 East 30th Street IndianapolIs 1. Indiana Plants Same address Reeves SousdSraft Div. of Reavos Sndustrles Inc. Sreat Pasture Road Danbury, Connecticut Plants Same address Reeves Sosodcraft Div. of Reeves IndustrIes Inc. Sreat Pasture Road Danbury. Connecticut Plants Same address Reeves Souvdcpaft Div. of Reeves Industries Inc. Sreat Pasture Road Danbury, Connecticut Plamts Sane address Reeves Soundnrsft Div. of Reeves Imdustries Inc. Great Pasture Road Danbury, Connecticut Plants Sane address Reeves Somndcraft Dlv. of Reeves Industries Inc. Great Pasture Road Danbury. Connecticut Plants Sane address Reeves Soundcraft Div. of Reeves Industries Snc. Great Pasture Road Dambury, Connecticut Plants Sane address Reeves Soundcraft Div. of Reeves Industries Inc. Sreat Pasture Road Danbury, Connecticut Plants Same address QPL.W-T-1575 169 GOVERNMENT DESIGNATION MANUPACTUNIE'S DRSI9NATION TEST ~ MANCUCTURER'S NAME AND ADDRESS - TIT-A-uT TIT-R-RR TIT-8-OT TOT-n-HO TIT-t-nR TOT-A-OR OIl-A-aT TIT-R-HR TIT-R-HR TOT-B-HI lIT-B-RI SPICIPICATSON 1OMSR 1081 1001 1SMSR Soundcraft ATM 1.8 SerIes Sounnicraft HR5IB-l.5 Series Soundcraft ATM 1.0 Series Soundnraft BTM 1.5 Ssries Soundcraft HRMB 1.8 Series Soundcraft HRMR 1.0 Series Soundcraft BTM 1,0 Series W-T-SS7O/d no 9255-544 nO 9200-17, Pimal Report 80 9200-145 no 9200-145 Ri 5991-4, Final Report NY 6399-6.1, FInal Report RY 5991-4, Pinal Report 80 9200-33, Final Report nO 6399-6.1, Final Renort 80 6399-6.2. Final Report MY 6399-5,3 Final Report 0 of 9 PAGENO="0174" 170 QPL-W-T0070 OOV**NMIIIT OIMGNAUON MANUPACTU*flS DIMONAT~N ,~, ~ MANUPAcTUURI NAN! ANDA~S SPECIFICATIC W-T-0070/5 TMR-R-Rr Ampex Cat. Mm. 776 NY 9200-206, Ampex Corporation Final Report Marvyn Road Opelika, Alabama 36801 Plants Same address TMR-E-HR CRC Typo 81354 NY 9200-92, TM #5 Consolidated Riectro- Final Report Dynamic, Corp., 360 Sierra Madra Villa Pasadena 15, Calif. (Distributor) Pastoan Kodak Company 343 State Street Rockester, Roe York 14610 (Manufacturer) ThR-D-H~ 620 NY 9200n92 Meooreo Corporation `Teck. Memo #6 1180 Shulnan Avenue Santa Clara, Calif. 95010 Plant, Same address TMR-E-HT 62R NY 9200-92 Meooren Corporat0on~ Took. Mama #6 1180 Skulman Avenue Santa Clara, Calif. 91010 Plant, Sane address Th5-E-MR 864 NY 9200-92, TM #4 Minnesota Mining A Mfg. Ca, Final Report 2501 Mudoen Read St. Paul, Minnesota Plant, Nutchinson, Minn. 888 NY 9200-92, TM #4 Minnesota Mining & Mfg. Cm. Pinal Report 2501 dodson Road St. Paul, Minnesota Plant, Rotckin,on, Mion, TMR-D-MT 863 NY 6334 Took, Memo Oinnesate Mining & Mfg. Co. No. 2, P1051 Report 2501 Rudson Road St. Paul, Minnesota Plants Notckinaen, Mion. 9 of 9 PAGENO="0175" 171 QPL L-T~.9cl-l0 Bo~eEber 14. ip66 SUd~~z~n~G QPL L-T-90-9 June 16, 1966 FEDERAL QUALIFIED PRODUCTS LIST OF RISC 7510 PRODUCTS QUALIFIED UNDER FEDERAL SPECIFICATION L..T-90c(Interins Amendment 2) TAPS, PSSSSURE-SSNSITIVS ADRESYPE (cSt~toPnnitE ADD caauuioss AcEsmiS) This list nas been prepared under the authority of the General Services Administration for use by or for the Government in the procurement of products covered by the subject specification and ouch listing of a product ie not iOtended to and does not connote indorsement of the product bythe Federal Governxnent, All products listed herein have been qualified under the requirements for the product as specifiedin the latest effective issue of the applicable specification. This listis subjectto change without notice; revislonor amendxnentof this list wilibe issuedas necessary. This listing of a pro- duct does not release the eupplierfrom compliance with the specification requirements. Use of the informationfor advertising or publicity purposes is expresslyforbidden, and etuchuse will be grounds for removal of the product so advertised from the list. The activity responsible f or this Qualified Products List is the Pederal Supply Service, General Services Adeitistration. Government Designation Manufacturer's Designotion Test or ~ Manufacturers Name and Address A 300 SIRS Report 0-24070 Bebr-)tanning Company Wateraliet, New York A 600 BBS Report 0-24070 3M Company Bristol, Pennsylvania A 600 Extension of NBB 3M Company Report 0-24070 St. Paul, Minnesota A p~L~4 GSA-~D Report Permacel 2640254 New Rruswick, New Jersey GSA-q3D Report 2650713 A Tuck #205B GRA-qID Report Technical Tape Corp. 2642466 Beacon, New York GSA-q3D Report 2654026 A Tuck #2052 GSA-~D Report Techznicsl Tape Corp. 2642729 Csrboodale, Illinois GSA-q3D Report 2654024 A Black Wizard Extemuion of GSA-(~D Technical Tape Corp. #405 Report 2642466 Beacon, Sew York Extension of GSA-~D) Report 2654026 A Black Wizard Extension of GSA-~D Technical Tape Corp. #405 Report 2642729 Carbondele, Illinois Extension of GSA-~3D Report 2654024 Page 1 of 3 QPL L-T-90'.lO PU jt~'Va 151 PAGENO="0176" I' I' B Utjfl~, Djsp0080~o I A I A II A II A `I A 172 ~PL 1 6 S Q?L June ~6, 1966 ~ QUALI~IEb PRo~crs LX$T C1000 (All XI II Ne~ A Minnesota 9age 2 of 3 Q1°L PAGENO="0177" * Qualified tape from St. Paul plant used in dispense 5. This is a tentative appr cal pending satisfactory te the aging by light requi ed by 3.8 Stability. t results after tim one yea aging and Page 3 of 3 QPi L-T-90-lO 173 FEDERAL QUALIFIED PRODUCTS LIST CONTINUATION SHEET `- Government Oesiqnotion Msnufscturer's Desigeatton Teat on Goslfitodsn Reference Manufacturer's Name and Address I A Technical Tape Corporation Carbondale, Illinois Technical Tape Corp. Beacon, New York Technical Tape Corp. Carbondale, Illinois Tuck #l2O5C Tuck #l2O~C Black Wizard Black Wizard #ltOI Technical Tape Co"poration Beacon, New York GSA-QID Report 265i026 GSA-QID Report 267lt606 ISA-QID Report 265Lal2I~ ISA-QID Repast 267lt606 Iotenoian of GSA-QCD Report 26i2t67 Extension of IIA-~D Report 26515026 Extension of GSA-WI Report 26152905 Extension of G8A-~D Report 2651s024 PSI FORM 339 AUGUST 1962 PAGENO="0178" QUAUFIED PRODUCTS LIST OF PRODUCTS QUAUFIED UNDER FEDERAL SPECIFICATION TT-C-00530 COATING CCMPINND, RUST lOsIIBITIVE, P185 OIL BASE Thi be her bees peepsod Lao es. hporRN.h. Gsee.s.ee. is RN posesresess. eLpeodacte conered by the aubleco .p.citicaoioa. Aflprodactaoseed persia bane hers qaoalAed eaRN RN .eqsler.emer lee RN peodocs epetSad a she $erere~no i~ ofRNsppecsha.spec*ce.Ios. seam atdA.bsowiIl blssaedmse.eaw~. The liada~ oft pradact does sat uRN.. RN aaeslac.taror fro* coerpalaoc. odoR the sp.c*aeios r.qa1es~. lepredacolas eloise lois oboe, solo part rocepo by oh. Gonoroateao.or sat slob. laformaolao shows thereon Is. adneasIola~ ~Ot~5SOt to oapr.oly foebeddes The amenity mepseelba. RN RN Qoelated Prodore, Lisa is RN Roresa sISbipa I~MSW R~GNAI10N MNII.AOU..5 DISNANON 08 NeON MS 174 t.frrtreavdeeadhodlo,r.eatj Oslo.. mon q.aaseesrto 2qome~thALarRNU~ she sashe.qth oeewawIasikiserfrrSd~aad4ch.rA eaçakeA QPL-TT-C-530-2 15 Ma~ch 1963 SUPERSEDING QPL-TT-C-00530-l 26 March 1962 pp~ 8030 LUST-OLSON 769 Robert 5. Hunt Co. Damp-Proof Rpt. (-4085 of Red Primer 1/23/62 NOTES N additions or deletions of the approved product have been mad RUST-OLSON Corp. 2425 Oakton Street Evaneton, Illinois Planta Same address 1 of I GSA WASH DC CI- $3514 PAGENO="0179" NOflCZ This List soy bs d 1 bI dt * I *do S ft/IL h *1 Odd ~ t QPL-VVL800T *h 1 1 h LI I d Ii 6 / ti t t I t* f 9 A / h h t q *S1JPm&~~WI l~ 14$LITARY QUALtFIED PRODUCTS LIST QPL-VV-L-800-6 OF 19 J~nly 1965 PRODUCTS QUAlIFIED UNDER I4IUTARY SPECIFICATION ~ vv-15-800 LUBRICATING OIL, GBRBRAL PURPOSK, PRBRBRVATIVE, (wATBR-DISPZ.aoxsG, L~ TBRPm(ATURE) This list has been prepared for use by or for the Oovernment in the procurement of products covered by the subject specification and such list- ing of a product is not intended to and does not connote indorsentent of the pr~sduct by the Department of Defense. All products. listed herein have been qualified under the requirements for the product as specified in the latest effective issue of the applicable specification. This list is subject to change without notice; revision oP amendment of this list will be issued as necessary. The listing of a product does not release the supplier from compliance with the specification requirements. Use of the information for advertising or publicity purposes is expressly forbidden. The activity responsible for this ~ralified Products List is Government Dslgsatloe Ilssofactsrer's DesIgnatIon Test or Qssllftcatlos Referent. Nssufscturer's Rae and Address 14-6817 American Oil A Supply Co. 238-260 Wilson Avenue Newark, New Jereey 07105 Plant: Same address Bray Oil Co. 3341* Redford Street toe Angeles, California 90063 Plants: Los Angeles, Calif. Richmond, Calif. Daubert Cheatoal Co. 4700 S. Central Avenue Chicago, Illinois 60638 Plant: Same address Franklin Oil Corp. 34.40 Sooth Park Street Bedford, Ohio Plant: Same address B. F. Roughton A Co. 303 WC.t Lehigh Avenue Philadelphia, Pa. Plant: Franklin Oil Corp. Bedford, Ohio Octagon Proceee, Inc. 596 River Road Zdgswatsr, New Jersey Plant: Same address Pennsylvania Refining Co. 2686 Lisbon Road Cleveland, Ohio Plant: Franklin Oil Corp. Bedford, Ohio 175 P9 Rust Preventive No. 172 Bxayco 300 Nez Rust 518 Code R-62-203-l Rust Foil j4675 Coemoline 1116 Cotoil 90 Lot F-l8O4 Petrotect 800 14-6811 14-6812 14-6813 11-6819 11-6820 14-6814 Page 1 of 2 QPL-YV-L-800-7 PAGENO="0180" 176 Tectyi 893 M-6815 Tectyl ~cy~ M-6818 2 Of 2 PAGENO="0181" 177 QPLr.W-S-755-5 ~v~,1J~966~ SUPEl~i13~fi QFL W-S-755-4 March 31, 1959 iSC 6250 FEDERAL QUALIFIED PRODUCTS LIST OF PRODUCTS QUALIFIED UNDER FEDERAL SPECIFICATION W-S-755b STARTER, FLUOROECENT LAMP This list s3s been prepared under the authority of the General Services Administration for use by or for the Government in the procurement of products covered by the subject specification and such listingofa product is not intended to and does not connote indorsement of the product bythe Federal Government. All products listed herein have been qualified under the requirements for the product as specifiedin the latest effective issue of the applicable specification. This listis subjectto change without notice; revisionor arnendmentof this list wiilbe issuedas necessary. This Ustingof a pro- duct does not release the supplierfrom compliance with the specification requirements. Use of the informationfor advertising or publicity purposes is expresslyforbidden, and suchuse will be grounds for removal of the product so advertised from the list. The activity responsible for this Qualified Products List is the Standardization Division, Federal Supply Service, General Services Administration. Govsrement Dssignstier, Manufacturers Designation Test or ~ Msnufscturer's Name and Address ~ Type I - Glow Switch, with lockout C14qp A~3anual-reset UOrrMG ~ watt) 30MG (30 watt) 40rr~'~ (40 watt) 90MG (85-90-100 siatt) 90 1104 (85-90-100 watt) ,,(Fo~r Pin) 90 1104 (85-90-loG watt) (Series Sequencu lightin13) (Four Pin Type I - Glow switch, with lockout 20,,AG (l~-.2G ratt) 40,,AG (4~ Iiatt) Footnot FS-.2G P5-20 PS-2G 55-20 COP-20 FS-30 513-30 FS-30 FS-400 COP-30 FS-4G PB 513-40 P5-40 P5-40 P5-40/400 COP-40/400 COFL40 P13-652 FS-852 coP-6 513-850 P5-850 PS-850 coP-64 0113-8505 PS-2NA PS-2NA PS-4SIA FS-4NA ~/ SEE PAGE 2 55/3-4-55 P13/5-ll~-57 113/2-19-64 P13/8-18-55 PS/4-22-66 FS/3-4.55 P5/5-14-57 P5/2-19-64 FS/8-l3-56 55/4-22-66 35/8-19-64 P5/3-4-55 113/5-14-57 F5/3_4_55 35/7-13-66 55/4-22-66 35/4-22-66 FS/5-l4-57 FS/3-4-55 FS/4-22-66 FS/3-4-55 P5/5-14-57 P5/3-4-55 PS/4-22-66 P5/3-4-55 P5/5-14-57 015/4-22-66 35/3-4.55 PS/5_14-57 Bryant Electric Co. Dora Electric Lamp Ccnnpamp General Electric Co. Hub Electric 338g. Co. Sylvania Electric Products, Inc. Bryant Electric Co. Dura Electric Lump Co., Inc. General Electric Co. Bryant Electric Co. Sylvania Electric Products, Inc. Surelite Products Co., Inc. Bryant Electric Co. Dora Electric Lamp Co. Hub Electric 311g. Co. General Electric Co. Sylvania Electric Products, Inc. Sylvania Electric Products, Inc. Dora Electric Lamp Ccanpiny General Electric Co. Sylvania Electric Products, Inc. Bryant Electric Co. Dora Electric Lamp Co. General Electric Co. Sylvania Electric Products, Inc. General Electric Co. Dora Electric Lamp Co. Sylvania Electric Products, Inc. Bryant Electric Co. Dora Electric Lamp Co. lof2 FSS55.. 151 88-533 0 - 68 - 13 PAGENO="0182" 178 FEDERAL QUALIFIED PRODUCTS LIST CONTINUATION SHEET Government Designation Manufacturer's Designation Test or Reference Manufacturers Name and Address Type I - Glow switch, with lockout Class B-Autunatic-reaet - -~ 40 AG. (40 watt) 40 AG (30-40 ~1att~ 90,,AG (8,~-90-l00 Uatt) 90 AG4 (85-90-lO0oatt) 4 Pit. Type U - Thermal ~witch with lockout 40 MT (30-40 Watt) Type II - Thermal Switch with lockout c2&~e 2-9~?2.~ 20 AT (15-20 Watt) 40 AT (30.40 Watt) 20 AT (15-20 Watt 40 AT (30-40 Watt Type III - Simple Glow Switch, without lockout ~k~chS83$i use 8G (4-6-8 Watt) 80 200 (1445 -20 Watt) Type IV - Thermal Switch without lookout (for ehipboard use c~1y 3G (8 Watt) 21 Mdreeees of Manufactr Bryant Electric Co., Dora Electric Lamp Cc, General Electric Co., Hub Electric Mfg., Co. Sylvania Electric Prod lodustrial Starter Cot Surelite Products Co., MT-4NA P3-4/400NA FS-40A PS..85NA FS-85NA PS-85NA P5-654 PA-85NA4 P5-85MM, P5-85544 P5-6454 TC-40(Verd-A-Ray) TC-2 TC-4 TOC-2 TGC-4 P8-5 PS-S 85-5 PS-, PS-S PS-2 P5-2 85-2 85-2 85-2 AT-58 re are: D, Barnun Station; Bridg Inc., 64.66 Neat Bige].ow S Hathaway Street; Provider 523 Madford Street; Char].~ be Inc.; Wa].doboro, Maine 35 Dean Street; Brook1,yn so., 2733 Third Avenue; Br 85/4-22.66 P5/7-13-66 85/6-20-56 85/3-6-55 85/5-14-57 85/7-1,3-66 85/6-22-66 rs/,3-4..55 55/5-14-57 85/7-13-66 85/4-22-66 85/3-25-55 85/3-26-63 85/2-13-63 85/4-9-64 85/2-13-64 85/3-6-55 PS/5-14-57 85/3-6-55 85/11-13-58 85/6-22-66 85/3-6-55 85/5-14-5? 85/3-4-55 85/11-21-58 85/4-22-66 85/11-7-58 oat, Connecticut. 06602 wet; Newark, New Jersey 0 Rhode Ialaod own, Massachusetts 02129 4572 New York ~ 51, New York Sylvania Electric Products, Inc. General Electric Co. Hub Electric Mfg. Co. Bryant Electric Co. Dora Electric L~tp Ccmpas8r General Electric Ccmpary Sylvania Electric Produote,Xnc. Brycrrt Electric Co. Dora Electric Lamp Conpas~' General Electric Catpery Sylvania Electric Products, Inc. Irduatriel Starter Corp. Initmtrial Starter Corp. Ix~uetrial Starter Corp. Industrial Starter Corp. Industrial Starter Corp. Bryant Electric Co. Dora Electric Lamp Co. General Electric Co. Hub Electric Mfg. Co. Syivania Electric Products Co. Bryant Electric Co. Dora Electric Lamp Co., Inc. General Electric Co. Hub Electric Mfg. Co. Sylvania Electric Mfg. Co. Industrial Starter Corp. 14 2 of 2 l~'L-W-S-755-5 PAGENO="0183" ~L-W-F-10l-6 Deoeaber 27~ 1966 SUPERSEDING QFL-W-F-lOl-5 May 13, 1966 USC 4140 FEDERAL QUALIFIED PRODUCTS LIST OF PRODUCTS QUALIFIED UNDER FEDERAL SPECIFICATION W-F-lOlg FANS, ELECTRICZ BRACKET AND DESK RIGID BLADES, (NR R1~RE USE) This list nas been prepared under the authority of the General Services Administration for use by or for the Government in the procurement of products covered by the subject specification and such listing of a product is not intended to and does not connote indorsement of the product bythe Feoeral Government. All products listed herein have been qualified under the requirements for the product as specifiedin the latest effective issue of the applicable specification. This list is subjectto change without notice; revisionor amendment of this list willbe issuedas necessary. This listing of a pro~ duct does not release the supplierfrom complian'~e with the specification requirements. Itse of the informationfor advertising or publicity purposes is expresslyforbidden, and such use will be grounds for removal of the product so advertised from the list. The activity responsible for this Qualified Product, List is the Federsl Supply Service, General Services Administration. 179 Type I, Size 3 Model No. CG-16 Cat. No. CG-1657 FS/3-l3-61 Type 1, Site 3 Type 1, Size 3 Type 1, Site 3 Type 1, Size 3 Model No. CG-l6~ Cat. No. CG-164-36l Model No. CG-l6~S Cat. No. CG-l6~~362S Mtdel No., 79648-BD-N FS7L2-8-66 FS/l2-8-66 FS/3-l3-tl FS/3-13-61 Model No. 79648-BD Hunter Division Robbins and Myers, Inc. Mesphia, Tennessee Hunter Division Robblis sod Myers Memphis, Tennessee Hunter Division Robbins end Myers Memphis, Tennessee Emerson Electric Mfg. Co. Kennett, Missouri Emerson Electric Mfg. Co. Kennett, Missouri As of Decanbor 27, 1966, no type III, Size 5, Fans are qualified under Federal Specification W-F-lOlg. 1 of 1 QPL-W-F-lOl-6 FSS ~ `151 PAGENO="0184" 180 QPL-W..y.977 QPL-W.F.97..6 December 15, 1964 FEDERAL QUALIFIED PRODUCTS LIST FEC 4140 OF PRODUCTS QUALIFIED UNDER FEDERAL SPECIFICATION W..F-97e FANS, CIRCULATING, COLUMN (ELECTRIC, RIGID BLADES NON_OSCILLATING, NOT FOR MAR]5~ SERVICE) This list nas been prepared under the authority of the benerat Services Administration for Ose by or for the Gover~ent in the procurement of products covered by the Subject specification and such listing of a product is not intended to and does not connote indorsement of the product bythe Federal Govern~ent. ~l products listed herein have been ~ the reqinre~~~~5 for the pEodUct as specifledin the latest effective issue of the applicable specification This listis subject to change Without notice; re~sion or amendment of this list odll be issued as necessary. This listing of a pro- duct does not release the supplierfrom compliance ~th the specification reqodre~~~~5 Use of the informationfor advertising or Publicity purposes is expresslyforbidde and such use Will be grounds for removal of the product so advertised from the list. The activity responsible for this Qualified Products List is the Fed~ra]. Supply Service, General Services Administration 3O-inch size 3D-inch size 30-inch size 3O-inch size Model No. P3O~1 Model No. FG-30p Cat. o. G-3O~gp Model No. K55~TT..6591 Model No. G3058C FS/3-l361 FS/3-l3.61 `S/3-l3-6l FS/l1_2O_64 Chelsea Products, Inc. Plainfield, Flew Jersey Hunter Division Robbi,,~ and Myers, Inc. Memphis, ~ lizerson Electric Mfg., Co. Kennett, MiCsO,IDi Hunter Division Robbim and Myers, Inc. ldeniphjs, Tennessee 1 of 1 QPL-W..F..97_7 FSS ~ `15i PAGENO="0185" 181 QPL -TT.R-00248-2 8 December 1965 Superseding QPL-TT-R-0 248-1 6 July 1965 QUALIFIED PRODUCTS LIST OF PRODUCTS QUALIFIED UNDER FEDERAL SPECIFICATION TT-R-00248 FSC 8010 REMOVER, PAINT AND LACQUER, SOLVENT TYPE This list has been prepared for use by or for the Government in the procurement of products covered by the subject specification and such listing of a product is not intended to and does not connote indorsement of the prodt~ct by the Department ofDefense. All products listed herein have been qualified under the requirements for the product as specified in the latest effective issue of the applicable specification. This list is subject to change without notice; revision or amendment of this lint will be issued as necessary. The listing of a product does not release the supplier from compliance with the specification requirements Use of the information shown hereon for advertising or publicity purposes is expressly forbidden. The activity responsible for this Qualified Products List is the Bureau of Naval Weapons. GOVERNMENT MANUFACTURER'S TEST OR QUALIFI. MANUFACTURERS DESIGNATION DESIGNATION CATION REFERENCE NAME AND ADDRESS None "Pennchem 2277- Report No. NAEC-AML- Pennsalt Chemicals Corp. N-22" 2082 dated 10 Feb 1965 Three Penn Center Philadelphia 2, Pa. Plants: Los Angeles, Calif. Dallas, Texas Cornwell Heights, Pa. College Park, Ga. None Turco 4951-X Report No. NAEC-AML- Turco Products, Inc. 2082 dated 10 Feb 1965 24600 South Main St. Wilmington, Calif. Plants: Wilmington, Calif. Houston, Teoas Joliet, Illinois Philadelphia, Pa. 19142 None HARCO 96 Report No. NAEC.AML. Harley Chemicals, Inc. 2321 of 24 Nov 1965 17th & Federal Sts. Camden, N. 2. 08105 Plant: Same address 1 of 1 QPL-TT- R-00248-2 PAGENO="0186" 182 QPL TTu~SI5-3 tMarch 196L~ 9UPEI9IEDING QPL TT-E-5i5-2 FEDERAL QUALIFIED PRODUCTS LIST IS June 1964 OF PRODUCTS QUALIFIED UNDER FEDERAL SPECIFICATION TI-ES 15 ENAMEL, ALKYD, LUSTERLESS, QUICK DRYING This list has been prepared for use by or for the Government In the procuremenu ox p'u ducts covered by the subject speciflcaticn and such listing of a product is not Intended ua and does not cceeote indorsnment of the product by th, Department of Defense. All products llstld,hereln have been qualified under the requirements for the product as spaclf led In the latest effective Issue of the applicable specifIcatIon. This list in Subject to change without notice; revision or anentbnent of this list will be issued as necessary. The listIng of a product does not release the supplier f run complIance with the npeclficatlon require- ments. Use of the informatIon shcwn hereon for advertising or publicity purposes is expressly forbidden. The ansinisy cespensibie Inn this Qo.iifi.d P,cdoets 1.5.5 is un.y Ondeames Ceeps. COATING AND CMEIIiCAL L~ABOMTGRY, ABERDEEN PROOiNG ShOUlD, MARYLAND F Gevere.esst Naeufectur:r's Mseafactarer: 1 Doll Red No. 30109 - Qualification actnnded to Maroon No. 30111 * ° 38C-30l09 22,721 Enmaru inc. 103-6-85 18,702 W. P. Fuller 6 Cn.npaeny ~No. 31136 103-R-89 18,902 W. P. Fuller 6 Company Yelluw No. 33538 - Qualification extended to Orange No. 322i+~ 0 l03.Y.83 18,709 5. P. Fuller 6 Company 388.33538 22,340 Enear, Inc. Olive Drab No. 034087 - Qualification extended to Field Drab No. 30118 and Earth Yellow No. 30257 0 6296036-C 18,1.72 DeGoto Cheeical Coatings, Inc. o 38B-034087 22,344 Sonar, Inc. 0 i03-G-591 18,710 W.P. Fuller Company RGL-26157-C 18,538 The Glidden Company 0 J.1340 17,999 William Armstrong Smith Company 5-303 19,805 Watson-Standard Company Nedlien Green No. 34102 - Qualifloatbom extended to Green No. 34108 380-34102 22,590 Ennar, Inc. lo3-G.592 18,895 S.F. Fuller 6 Company I of 3 QPL TT-E-5l5-3 PAGENO="0187" 183 DPI. TT-E-515-3 J Maroh 965 GQVerflatt Manufacturer's QUO C BC j Manufacturer': Man. J Light Blue No. 35193 - Qualification eotended to Medium Blue No. 35109, InsignIa Blue No. 35044, and Purple No. 37144 1443-1 20,701 Eastern States Paint & Varnish Co. 38B-35l93 22,345 Ennar, Inc. 103.K503 18,705 W.P. Fuller & Company S-1623A 21,294 S~ntry Paint a Chentlcal Company, no. Blue Gray No. 36231 - Qualification extended to Ocean Gray No. and Light Yellow 33711 36176, Blue Drab No. 34158 and State No. 26132 5' 38B-36231 22,589 Enmar, Inc. 103-6-607 19,306 Id. P. Fuller Company RGL-28074-D 22,528 The SlIAden Company E-2430 21,341 WillIam Armstrong Smith Company Blacb No. 37038 62020466 17,930 DeSoto Chemical Coatings, no. 38B-37538 22,342 Enear, Inc. l53-B-72 18,707 6. P. Fuller & Company RGL-26284-A 18,536 The Glidden Company White Na. 37875 - Qualification eotended to Sand No. 30277 6208128-C 18,471 DeSoto Chemical Coatings, Inc. K-379-2 17,912 Duralco Paint Color Carp. 38B-37875 22, 192 Ennar, Inc. 103-W-95 18,706 0. P. Fuller a Company BGL-26285-A 18,537 The Glidden Conpeny E-1666 18,698 WIllIam Armstrong Smith Company 2 of 3 QPL 11-5-515-3 PAGENO="0188" 184 MULTIPLE ADDRESS LISTING QPL TT-E..5~~..3 lMIiitary act Fedsrdi QualIfist Predacta Llata) 3 March 965 350 South Kostner Avenue Mi I Lawrence Streets ChIcago 23, Illinois Darby, Pa. Plants: Ch,cago, Illinois Plant Sate address Eastern Division Pennsauken, N. J. Willian Arestrong Snith Conpany Carolina Division I56l Forrest 6venue Greensboro, No. Carolina P.5. Boj, 430 Southwestern Division East Point, Georgia 35544 Garland, Teoas Plants: East Point, Georgia Illinois Division Reliance Chenical Co. of Kentucky Chicago, Illinois Richnond, California Paci fic Division Reliance Chegicai Co. of Kansas Berkeley, Calif. Pauline, Kansas Dorako Paint & Color Corp. Watson_Standard Conpany 6315 E. Seven Mile Road 225 Galveston vvenue Detroit 34, MichIgan Pittsburgh 30, Pa. Plant: Sasa address Plant: Sane address Eastern States Paint Oarnjsh Co. Swanson & Mifflin Streets Philadelphia 4~, Pa. Plant: Sane address 25th and Mew for6 P.O. Boo 2l53 Wichita, Kansas 67201 Plants: Wichita, Kansas Little Rock, Arkansas W. P. Fuller u Conpany 450 East Grand Avenue' South Dan Francisco, Calif. Plants: So. San Francisco, Calif. Los Angelos, Calif. Portland, Oregon Seattle, Washington The Glidden Conpany 900 Onion Coeg,erce Building Cleveland, Ohio 44114 Plants: Cleveland, Ohio RWading, Pa. Chicago, Illinois Mieneapolls, Mint. St. Louis, Missouri New Orleans, La. Atlanta, Ga. San Francisco, Calif. Buena Park, Calif. Carrollton, legas Portland, Oregon 3 af 3 QPI. TT-E-5I53 PAGENO="0189" Masufacte~s Qu~om Ion Nonofa~: Noao Fled No. 31136 PH-5386-A 16,589 Automotice Finishes, Inc. 0 860-8-195 16,636 Cook Paint 0. Varnish Company C-3684 -A 16,625 OnSoto Chemical Coatings, Inc. ES-lOb 16,551+ Egyptian Lacqunr Mfg. Company 36-31136 20,01+0 Ennar, Inc. 103-R-94 19,627 W. P. Fuller Paint Company RGL-29009-C 16,561 The Glidden Company 0306005 21,252 Interchooicol Corp. - P93 8 CI4 19,067 Sherwin-Williams Company It. Rnd 31158 +3*10897 24,01,8 Allied Faint Mfg. Co., ny. ` 36-3 1158 22,593 Ennar, Inc. ` 103-6-26 22,870 W. P. Pullor Paint Company - RSl.-35025A 22,950 Thu Glidden Company Orange No. 3221,6 5u3-l0527 22,921 Allied Paint Mfg. Co., Inc. C-l325A 16,663 OnSoto Chenical Coatings, Inc. 36-32246 21,258 Ennar, Inc. 51024 23,980 l.V.C. Industrial Coatings, Inc. Ion No. 33~3O 53-lo3nl 00,519 Oiling raint nng. 0.0.~ Inn. ` 71-AI3EI2-l 16,583 Cnlanesn Coatings Coepuny 315 24,238 Con-Luw Feint Products, Inn. " 860-3-143 16,634 Cook Paint & lIarni sh Company 185 QPL TT-E-5l6-4 20 March l9b7 SUPERSEDING QPL TT-E-~l6-3 FEDERAl. QUALIFIED PRODUCTS LIST 20 Juta 1966 OF PRODUCTS QUALIFIED UNDER FEDERAL SPECIFICATION TT-E-516 ENAMEL, LUOTERLESS, QUICK DRYING, STYRENATED AUCYO TYPE ~OlO This lIst has been prepared fun use by or fur the Gonereeent In the prucurenen t of Pro- ducts ognered by the subject specification and such listing of a pradutt is not intepded to and dues eat connate Iadorseeent of the product by the Departeemt of Defense. All products lIsted herein bane bees qualified under the requirements for the product as specified in the letest effectIve Issue uf the applIcable speclflcatlnn. ThIs lIst is subject to change wIthout notice; revlslgm en anendaeet af thls list wIll be Issued a s necessary. The listing of a product dues net release the supplier from compll anon ilth the speclficatioe requlre- oteets. Use of the lefnra+atiom shown hereon for advertIsIng or publicIty purposes Is eapressly ferbldden. TA. setleuty yespeenible eec thi. Qonlu lied Pendoet. Line it Anny COATING 000 CHEMICAL lABORATORY, ABERDEEN PROVINO GR000D, MARYLAND 21005 I of 12 QPL TT-E-516-4 PAGENO="0190" Oilwe Drab No, 034087 - Qualification eotended to Brown No. ~9~jjj 10-3087 X-i43-9335 0-7575-B 93147 A-931 7023 22-776 300 860-5-220 16761-9 35 G 87 1071-158 iJ+622 0552-I 36A-X3i4087 305160 103-G-184 RGL-2901s9-B 60-5483 XD-2864 85571 * 50957 2 of 12 QPL TT-E-516-4 Akron Paint & Varnish Company Allied Paint Hfg, Co., Inc. Armstrong Paint & Varnish Works, Inc. 0. A. Banker Conpany Andrew Brown Conpany Bisonits Co., no. The Chemiwal Coatings Co. Con-Iwo r,~mt Products1 nc. Cook Paint & Varnish Conpany DaSoto Chenical Coatings, Inc. C. H. Dragert Conpany, nc. E. I. duPont de Nenours & Co.1 Inc. Duralac Chenical Corporation Eastern States Paint Varnish Co. P1 nnaren & Haley, inn. A. P. Fuller Paint Company The Gliddem Company - twardemam Chemical Coatings, no. Hanma Paint Manufacturing Company Industrial Paint Company I.V.C. IndustriAl Coatings, inc. 186 QPL Tl--E-5l6-4 DO Harch 1917 Maeufas Vellou No. 33538 (Cont'd) 593-007 Qualification 19,687 Setoto Chemical Coatings, Inc. 4 36-33538 21,001 Enmar, Inc. 103-5-89 19,960 A. P. Fuiler Paint Cwmpamy " 001-29132-S 16,563 The Glidden Company " 9301016 24,164 Imterchemioal Corp. 51023 24,368 l.V.C. IndustrIal Coatings, Inc. 2028-6C 24,385 BenJamin Hoore Company P93 V Cl2 16,6148 Sherwin-Williams Company 0-27485 21,442 The Voitax Company, Inc. 18, 199 19,615 20,451 8,073 24,064 23,998 24,411 23,719 18,095 18,860 24,670 19, 591 18,078 22,401 20,839 23,636 22,931 18,658 24,579 21,297 17,931 23,577 PAGENO="0191" 187 QPL TT-E-516-4 20 March 1967 [ ~ Macfaa Qualification Manufacturer': Name J Olive Drab No X34087 - Qualification extended to Broon No 30117 (Cont'd) Q30G059 18,667 5nterohenical Corp. 60869 20, 176 .1. Landau & Company, mc. 43l27 23,517 Longhorn Paint Company, Inc. 11+001 23,712 Midoest Paint Mfg. Co. 121+02 18,139 Minnesota Points, Inc. SA-l81 8,044 Mobil Checicol Coopany S2050 24,516 Napko Corporation 81222 18,81+6 Ni Ins Chesical Paint Company .16106 18,040 P. 0. Pierce Company GL-268b 22,468 8. K. Porter Cu., Inc. AT-266 23,898 RIverside Laboratories 05354 23,256 Seibmrt-Ooidermo, lxx, 0-1528 21,140 Sentry Paint & Chemical Ca.0 inc. P93 G C8l 8,578 Sheruin-Willioms Company 19-4058 24,027 Spend-O-Laq Products Cu.1 Inc. 2050 19,343 Stabler & Company, Inc. 4580-1549 23,693 Standard Coating Corp. 57-1-1042 24,b96 Tenao Finishing Products Co., Inc. TX 3522 24,622 Western Specialty Coatings Co. Green No. 34108 960-0-198 6,633 Cook Paint & Xarni sh Company 36-34108 21,257 Enmar, Inc. l03-G-6l0 19,681 8. P. Fuller Paint Company RGL'30l13 16,560 The Glidden Company 5300061 18,875 Imterchea7cal Corp. F93-G-C79 18,575 Sheroin-Willions Company 4i4ht 8lueNn. 35193 - Qualilication eutcmded to Medium Blue Mo. 35109 4310146 21,878 AllIed Paint Manufacturing Co., Inc. 11561-1 16,559 DeSoto Chemical Coatings, lmc. 1071147 17,538 1. 1. duPont de Namours c Cx., Inc. L39l38 23,487 Duralac Chemical Corp. EM-lOll 16,555 EgyptIan Lacquer MPg. Company 3 of 12 QPL TT-E-516-4 PAGENO="0192" QPL TT-E-516-4 20 Marsh 967 Blot Gray No. 36231 Qualifisationeotended to Light Green No. 34558, Glate No. 26332, and Gotan Gray No 36376 63-10171 22,000 Allied Paint Manufasturing Co.~ no. 6-507 16,919 Antlreo Broon Company 860-9-164 16,718 Cook Paint 0. Varnish Company 1261-7 16,559 DeSoto Chemloal Coatings, One. 073-148 17,587 0.1. do Pont de Nenours 0 Co.~ Coo. Eo-1G12 16,556 Egyptian Laoqoor Mfg. Co. 368-3623) 22,34) Enear, no. 03-8606 39,300 N. P. Poller Paint Conpany RGL-29332-D 18,736 The Glidden Conpany X11-l862 21,296 Hanna Paint Mfg. Company 50960 23,976 .V.C. ndwmtrial Coatings, no. G30AG36 18,873 interohenloal Corp. 8-1050 16,568 Ni los Chenioal Paint Company 02458 24,602 Gantry Paint 0 Chenioal Co., no. P93 A C19 16,600 Sherain-Wi hams Company 19920 16,604 George 0. Weathori II P. Company Blark No. 37030 4-291 0-43-3871 0-124 0-59 4-6294 616-31 9911 4 of 12 QPL TT-E-516-4 188 I Government MaeufaEturere Test or Manufacturer's Name [ D.slaestloo Dasignatioe Quaiificatioe aed Address Light Blat No. 35193 - Qualifioation eotendod no gediun Blue No. 95109 36-35393 21,337 Enmar, no. 103-0-511 19,925 0. P. Puller Paint Conpany MGL-2997G-B 20,055 The Glidden Company 50956 23,982 1.V.C. Industrial Coatings, Cno. Q3OBGG6 18,874 lntorohenioal Corp. 8-2141 16,587 Jones-Blair Palnt Company, no. 0-1038 21,977 Gentry Paint 0 Chaoioah Co., no. P93 L C15 18,577 Sherwin-Williams Company 8,571 Adoiphi Paint 6 Color Works, no. 13,8145 Allied Paint llanufaoturiog CO.a no 9,660 John L. Armitagn & Company 6,929 Andrea Brown Company 20,753 Cel anase Coatings Coopany 7,7hL~ Ccl aoese Coatings Company 6,900 Conohemoo, no. PAGENO="0193" 189 QPL TT-E-516-4 20 March 1967 Government Manufacturer's Test or Manufacturer's Name Duignatlon Designation Qualification and Address Black No. 37038 (cont~d) 860.0-4 6,616 Cook Paint & Varnish Company 860-0.6 8,922 Cook Paint Varnish Company 7.11-598.011-1 19,841 DeVote Chenloal Coatings, no. 1071123 9,192 6.1. duPont dn Nenours & Co.~ no M-657.l 7,178 Eastern Lacquer Corporation 60-282 7,276 EGyptian Lacquer MPg. Company 36-37038 20,968 Enmar, Inc. 103-8-9 8,127 0. P. Fuller Paint Company 103-0-78 19,667 OP. Fuller Paint Company 39-8074 11,283 PD. George Conpany 41218 7,163 The Glidden Company RGL-22818 7,353 The Glidden Company 60-0040 7,628 Guardsman Chemical Coaticgs, Inn- 0 8-4476 12,684 Mile Varnish Corporation 6SP43-77V2 9,106 Inttrchecical Corporation Q30K021 6,805 Interchnmical Corporation 51025 23,975 l.V.C. Industrial Coatings, leo- K-X-89-9 6,753 Jones-Olair Paint Conpany, Ion. 6-322 15,093 Kelley Paint Company SE-5750 7,684 Merrimack Industrial Finishes, Inc. 2b0-900-Le354 6,555 Moki 1 Chemical Company 2-3750 9,922 MobIl Chemical Company o 4337 9,015 Monroe Sander Corporation 8-1 9,262 Benjamin Moore & Company TR-18653 7,033 Notional Lead Company SC-35025 7,117 Pittsburgh Plate Glass Company K0328 10,997 Pratt 0 L,mkert, Inc. 25-B-2353A 8,594 Reliance Onioersal, Inc. 0-443 14,095 Sentry Paint 0 Chemical Company, Inc. P93 B CO 6,598 Shersin-Willians Compamy K-67 13,625 William Ormstrong Smith Company 11880 0,961 Sun Chnnical Corporation P21563 2,698 Vita-Oar Corporation Sd 2 QPL TT-E-516-4 PAGENO="0194" QPL TT-E-5l6~ 20 March 1967 I Government Manufacturers Designation Designation Test or Qua1~ficatioe Manufacturer's Name and Address Magenta No. 27142 - Qualification ooteoded to Purple No. 37144 36-27142 22,592 Snmar1 Sec. 103-P-2 22,871 8. P. Fuller Paint Company 50962 23,978 i.V.C. industrial Coatings1 ~nc. F93 P VI 24,476 Sherwin-Williams Company Aluminum 17178 43-10361 22,507 Allied Point Mamufacturing Co, ~ec. 36-17178 22,764 Enmar~ Inc. 103-A-I 22,869 0. P Puller Paint Company 50961 23,974 iVC industrial Coatings, nt E-3932 24,215 Wi 111am Armstrong Smith Cmnpany Whit, Mo 37870 43-10109 22,033 Allied Paint Manufacturing Co. PM-I 192 A 14,633 Automotive Finishes, Inc. A-St 6,930 Andtmu Groan Company 9125 6,978 Conchomun, Inc. 295 23,622 CoO Low Paint Products, Inc. 0608-81 16,632 Coob Paint Varnish Company 11061-6 7,111 SeSoto Chemical Coatings, inc. 1071-146 16,941 5. i. duPont do Nemours & Co,1 inc. 36A3787S 20,1483 Ennar, Inc. 103-0-29 22,932 0. P. Puller Point Company OS-10919 6,699 Si bore & Nolan, inc oSL-29246 9,1496 The Slidden Company 60-1062 7,629 Swordsman Chemical Coatings, nc. 50963 23,979 SOC. ~eduttrial Coatings~ inc. 030W009 13,921 interchomical Corporation K-X-74-9 6,752 Jones-Olair Paint Coepony, inc. 5-319 15,091 Kelley Paint Company 240-ISO 6,790 Mobil Chenical Company 6-5868 8,936 Monroe Sander Corporation AM-b 9,265 Oenjaoio Moore & Company 46n8l 10,993 NatIonal Lead Company OC-35026 7,121 Pltttburgh Plate Slass Company X2431 24,344 Sentry Paint & Chenical Co., :nc. 6 uf 12 QPL TT-E-516-4 190 PAGENO="0195" 191 QPL TTE-5f6-k 20 Morvh 1967 Government DesIgnation 4anofacturer*s Designation Test or / Qualification tdsnofacturer's Name and Address White No. 37875 (cont~d) F93 W C9 6,863 Sheroin Williams Company `~ 18356 20,834 Tltaninn, Inc. ` 6687 7,298 Valspar Corporation tAFt 12113 24,090 Wyandotte Paint Products Co. 7 of 12 QPL TT-E516-4 PAGENO="0196" MULTIPLE ADDRESS L:STING (Nlllta~y and Fadsell Qualified Peedsets lists) Adelphl Paint & Color Works, leo. 86-00 Dunont Avenue Ozone Park, New York 11417 Plant: Same address The Akron Paint & Varnish Co. 1390-Fl restone Parkway Akron, OhIo 44301 Plant: Same address Allied PaInt Manufacturing Co., Inc. 834 West Third Street Lmosdale, Pa. 1941+6 Plants: Laesdole, Pa. Cosden Chenical Coatiogs, jew. Beverly, Boo Jersey John I. Aroitagn & Co. 245 Thomas Otront Newark, New Jersey 07114 Plant: S ace address Armstrong Paint & Warmish Works, Inc. 1318)500 So. Itilbourn Avenue ChIcago, Illinois 60623 Plants: Chicago, Illinois Stewart Mwary Co. Chicago, Illinois Automotive FInishes, Inc. PS Boo 457, NW Station Detroit, MIchigan 48204 Plants: Detroit, Michigan Dearborn, Michigan 0. A. Becker Company 2217 Langdon Porn Road Cincinnati, Ohio 1+5237 Plant: Same address Bisoolte Conpanya lmc. 2250 Military Dead lonaomnda, New York 14150 Plant: Sama address Andrew Broom Company 5431 5. Bistritt Blvd. las Angnlns, Calif 90022 Plants: Los Angeles, Calif. Irving, looms Laurel, Md. Kent, Washington Hariettg, Seorgia Cml anese Coatings Company 224 E. Broadoay PS Boo 1863 Lauisville, Knntucky 4020) Plants: Jones-Dabmey Division Detroit, Michigan Louisville, Ky. Newark, N. J Rlnnrside, Calif. Sevoe Paint Division Mouston~ levee Los Angalesa Calif Loulsvliin, Knvtuwky Maldon, Mass Dnvne Marine Division Newark, 5. J. Riversido, Calif. Chemical Coatings Company Dividend Road Rocky HI)), Connecticut 06067 Plant: Dame address Con Chenco, Inc. 1401 Severn Strnet Baltimore, Md. 21230 Plants: Baltimore, Nd. Boydeli Bros. Detroit, Michigan Seidlita Paint 5- Varnish Co. Kansas City, Mo. H. B. Davis Co. Baitinorn, Md. John W. Masury & Son, inc. Baltimore, Md. H. H. Sweney I-Co. St. Paul, Minn. Seld))tz Paints of Texas, Inc. Houston, Toxas Masury Paints of looms, Inc. Houston, leoas Old Colony Paint Chnnical Co. l.~s Angeins, Calif. Con-Iwo Paint Products, Inc. Ethel and Talnadgn Roads Edison, Neo Jersey 088)7 Plant: %wme addross Cook Paint Varnish Co. 1412 ll.noo Street Kansas City, Missouri 64141 Plants: No. Kansas City, MIssouri Detroit, Michigan Houston, lucas 192 OIL Tf-D-316.1+ y~ Burnt 1967 I ~ Nefa~ence Number Idaesfactsrsr's Nmse Address and Plant Meference Number ilansfacturers lane Address and Plant O of 12 QPL TT-E-516J+ PAGENO="0197" DeSutu Chemical Coatings, Inc. 350 South Kustnor Avenue Chlcago~ Illinois 60623 Plants: Chicago, Illinois Eastern Division Penosauken, New Jersey Carolina Division Greensboro, N. C. Southwestern Division Garland, bees Illinois Division Chicago, Illinois Pacific Division Borkoloy, Calif. C. H. Dragert Company, Inc. 2518 Chalk Hill Road (P0 Box 5690) Dallas, Texas 75222 Plant: Save address 0. I. duPont do Nexours i Co., Inc. Si lmingtov, Delaware 19898 Plants: Wilmington, Dniaxarn Philadelphia, Pa. Fort Madison, Iowa Toledo, Ohio Chicago, Illinois So. San Francisco, Calif. Flint, Michigan Duralae Chemical Corp. 94 Listor Aveowo Newark, New Jersey 07105 Plant: Sane address Eastern Lacquer Corporation iO8O Eastern Avenue golden, Massachusetts 02)48 Plant: Same address Eastern States Paint & famish Co. Swanson c Mifflim Streets Philadelphia, Pa.J9i48 Pi,vt: Sane address Egyptian Lacquer Hf g. Company P0 Boo 444 Newark, Hoe Jersey 07101 Plants: Newark, H. J. South Itearmey, H. J. Lafayette, Indiana Envar, Inc. 25th & Now York (or PG Boo 2153) Hichita, Kansas 672Di Plants: Wichita, Kansas Little Rock, Arkansas Fi onamen & Haley Inc. 5630 Summer Street Philadelphia, Pa 19139 Plant: Sane address * MULTIPLE ADDRESS LSTiNG INliltany and Fedeeli gusilfind Peeduats Lists) H. P. Fuller Paint Co. 450 East Grand Avenue So. San Francisco, Calif 94080 Plants: So. San Francisco, Calif. Los Angeles, Calif Seattle, Washington P. D. George Company 5200 North Seccmd Street St. Louis, Missouri 63147 Plant: Same address Gi leore c Nolan, inc. 3308 Eust Picu Blvd. Los Angeles, CalIf 90023 Plant: Same address The Glidden Company 900 Onion Comnerce Building Cleveland, Ohio 44114 Plavts: Cleveland, Ohio Chicago, iillnois Reading, Pa. Minneapolis, Mien St. Louis, Mo. New Orleans, La. Atlamta, Ga. Sam Francisco, Caiif. Bunt, Park, Calif Carrel Item, Texas Purtiand, Omngon Guardsman Chemical Coatings, Inc. 1350 Steele Avenue, SW. Grand Rapids, Michigan 49502 Plants: Oramd Rapids, Michigan Lanbert Corp. Houston, Texas The Schaefer Aarmish Co. Luuisvi lies Kentucky Hamma Point Hf g. Ce. 1313 Windsor A venue Coiuebus~ Ohio 43211 Plants: Columbus, Ohio James B. Sipe Company Pittsburgh, Pa. Manna Paint Cx., Inc. Birmingham, Alabaea Mile Oarolsh Corporation Dlv. of Carpenter-Morton Company 376 Third Street Everett, Massachusetts 02149 Plant: Sane address Industrial Paint Compamy Haysvl lie Borough Sealetley, Pa 15143 Plant: Same address 193 I [ Reference Number Manufacturers N~ie Address and Plant Mefereece Number liaflUfacRurem's Hate Address and Pi~ 811 5'7.~.5J~4 20 Barok 1967 I 9 of 12 got TT.t.516-iB BB-533 0 - 68 - 14 PAGENO="0198" API 201-5-516-4 20 March 1967 Interchemical Corporation Finishes Division 1255 Broad Street Clifton, New Jersey 07015 Plants: Newark, N. J. 07101 Elizabeth, N. J. 07201 Charlotte, N. C. 28203 Morganton, N. C. 28655 Detroit, Michigan 48210 Grand Rapids, Michigan 149509 Chicago, il. 60638 Cincinnati, Ohio 45207 Nwntington, nd. 46750 Anahein, Calif. 92803 Los Angeles, Calif 90054 Interohen Canada Ltd. Toronto, Ontario, Canada Rinshed-Mason Co. of Canada Ltd. Windsor, Ontario, Canada Scarfe & Co., Ltd. Brantford, Ontario, Canada .0.5, Industrial Coatings, Inc. 2245-50 Valley A venue indianapolis, IndIana 46218 Plant: Sane address Jones-Blair Paint Company, Inc. 6969 Denton Drive Dallas, Texas 75235 Plant: Sane address Eel Icy Paint Company 1445 So. 15th Street Louisville, Kentucky 40210 Plant: Sane address J. Landau & Co., Inc. P0 Box 135 Washington A venue Carlstadt, New Jersey 07072 Plant: Sane address Longhorn Paint Company, inc. P0 Boo 5099 San Antonio, Texas 78201 Plant: Sane address Merrimack Industrial Finishes, Inc. 33 Railroad Avenue Haverhill, Massachusetts 01830 Plant: Sane address Midwest Paint Manufacturing Co. 17-23 Main Street Minneapolis~ Minn. 55413 Plant: Sane address Minnesota Paints, leo. 1101-3rd Street South Minneapolis, Mien 55415 Plants: Atlanta, Ga. Minneapolis, Minn Ft. Wayne, Indiana Dallas, Texas MULTIPLE ADDRESS LISTING (Nilitiey and F.dotl gue!ifi.d Predenta LIce.) Mobil Chemical Company 1024 South Avonue P1,ivfltld, N. J. 07062 Automotive Finish Oivislvv Fnrbnrt Schorvdorfer Clnvnluvd, Ohio Maintenance Finish Division Socuny Paint Beaumont, Twoas Los Angn1ns~ Calif Metuchen, N. J. Metal Finishes Division American Marietta Kankakee, Ill Louisvilln, iCy. Arco, Cleveland, Ohio Marietta Paint and Color Migh Point, N. C. Marietta: Ohio Seuell Paint, Kavses City, Mo. Packaging Coativg Division Stoner-Mudge Azusa, Calif. Pittsburgh, Pw. Rochester, Pa. The Monroe Sander Corporation 10-18 46th Avevun Long Island City, Mew York 11101 Plant: Sane address Bonjanin Mourn & Conpany 511 Canal Street New York, New York 10013 Plants: Newark, N. J. 07105 Mi Iford, Mass 01757 Jacksonville, P1w. 32202 Melrosn Park, illinois 60160 Cleveland, Ohio 44105 Mouston, Texas 77007 Denver, Colorado 80205 Los Avgeles, Calif 90022 St. Louis, Missouri 63104 Technical Coatings Corp. Santa Clere, Calif 95050 Thompson & Company Owknont, Pa. 15139 Del-Worth Paint Mfg. Co. MesquIte, Texas 75149 Napko Corporation P0 Boo 14509 Mooston,Teoas, 77021 Plant: Sane address National Load Conpany 2240 Twenty-Fourth Street San Frwncisco, Calif. 94107 Plants: San Francisco, Calif. Los Angeles, Calif. Sewttle, Washington Forth Anboy, 5. J. Chicago, Illinois 194 Rsf.raece N b Manefectersrte Add Name d P1 t Reference N b clanufacturers Add Mace 6 Plant 10 of 12 APt. 20_E_516_lu PAGENO="0199" MULTIPLE ADDRESS LJSTING lNIlltuy end Fedengi Qualified Pnethet, Lists) Ni es Chenical Paint Conpany 3rd & Fort Streets Ni Ins, Michigan +9120 Plant: Sane address F. 0. Pierce Conpany 2-33 50th Avenu~ tong Island City, New York 11101 Plant: Sans address Pittsburgh Plate Glass Coepany 235 E. Pittsburgh Avenue Milsaukee, Wisconsin 53201 Plants: Miiuaukne, idis. Neuaillh N. J. Sprlngdaln, Pa. Nouston, Tecas Torrance, Calif. Portland, Oregon East Point, Ga. N. B. Suydam Division Pittsburgh, Pa. Dl toter Color Division Detroit, Michigan Forbes Finishes Division Cleveland, Ohio Thresher Paint & Varnish Co. Dayton, OhiO H. IC. Porter Co., no. Boo 494 New Brunsoick, Neu Jersey 08903 Plant: Sane address Pratt & Leebert, Inc. 75 Tonauenda Street Buffalo, Neu York 14207 Plants: Buffalo, N. V. Dibble Color Coepany Detroit, Michigan Naggener Paint Company Kansas City, Missouri Reliance Universal Inc. 1901 Sheridan Road North Chicago, IllInois 60061+ Plants: N. Chicago, Illinois Louisville, Ky. Los Angeles, Calif. Houston, Texas rvington, N. .1. Nigh Point, N. C. Reanebe, Olrglnia Salem, Oregon Riverside Labsratories 1+11 OnIon Street Seneva, IllInois 60134 Plant: Sane address Sentry Paint & Chemical Co., Inc. Mill U Laurence Street Darby, Pa 19023 Plant: Dane address Selbert-Golderne, Inc. 6455 Strong Avenue Detroit, Michigan Le82l1 Plant: Sane address Sheroin-Wl Illams Coepuny 101 Prospect Ave., NW Cleveland, Ohio +1+101 Plants: Cleveland, Ohio +4113 Chicago, Ill. 60628 Garland, Texas 75041 Los Angeles, Calif 90023 Newark, New Jersey 07101 Oakland, CalIf. 94623 Morrow, Georgia 30260 Greensboro, N. C. 27410 Acne Quality Palnt~ Detroit, Michigan 4821-0 The Lowe Brothers Co.~ Inc. Dayton, Ohio 45402 John Lucas Company Glbbsboro, N. J. 08026 Martim-Genour Co. Chicago, III 60608 Rogers Paint Products Ontrolt, MichIgan 48211 Nillian Armstrong Smith Conpaoy 1561 Forrest Avenue P0 Boo 430 East Polet~ Georgia 30044 Plants: East Polet, Ga. Reliance Chemical Co. of Kentucky Richnend, Calif. Reliance Chemical Cu. of Kansas Pauline, Kansas Gpeed-O-l.aq Products Co., inc. 970 Raynend A venue St. Paul, Nlnnesota 55114 Plant: Game address Stabler & Company, inc. 3B27 First Avenue North Birmingham, Alabama 35222 Plant: Sane address Standard Coating Corp. 461 Broad Ave. Ridgefinld, New Jersey 07657 Plant: Sane address Gun Chemical Corporation 750 ThIrd Avenue New York, N.Y. 10017 Plants: Industrial Coatings Bivislon Northlake, Illinois 60161+ Nutley, New Jersey .07110 Cleveland, Ohio 44110 East Meline, IllInois 61244 Tenax Finishing Products Company, inc. 390 Adams Street Newark, Bee Jersey 07114 Plant: Gene address 195 All 00.0-516-4 DO Busch 1967 I [ Mefeyenco N b Manufacturer's Add N~N d P1 t Reference N Mb clanufacturers Add Name A Plant 11 xl 10 AlL 00-0-516-4 PAGENO="0200" 196 QPL TT.E-516.Iu 25 Mernic 1967 MULTIPLE ADDRESS 11511MG ($)iltuy and Fsd*rdl Quailflad Predacts List.) I [ Befe~rence wua~ ltanufec Add tar.r's N*. d P1 t - Reference ~ idanufac Add turer's N~se and ~ian~ Tltan)ne, Inc. Morris & Elnwood Avenues Solon, New Jersey 07083 Plant: Seen address falsper Corporalion 200 Sayre Street tockford, Illinois 61)0) Plants: Rnckford, Illinois Detroit Graphite Company Lyons, IllInois Patek Paint & Glass, Inc. Milwaukee, Wisconsin Wocksote P.1st Cnnpany Bockford, hinds Orlando, Florida Vita-Var CorporatIon 146 Albert Avenue Newark, New Jersey 07105 Plant: Same address The Veitax Company, Inc. 277 MountaIn Grove Street PU Box 3365 Bridgeport, Conn. 06605 Plant: Same address Western Specialty Coatings Company Div. of Western States l.acqoer Corp. 1.1.00 Singleton Blvd. Dallas, Texas 75212 Plants: Dallas, Texas 75212 Los AnOdes, Calif 90523 Gserge 5. WetUserili & Company 113 Arch Street Phi ladeiphie, Pa. 19106 Plant: Same address Wyandotte Paint Products Co. 11+30 Sycamore Street Wyandotte, Michigan 1.8192 Plants: Wyandotte, MIchigan Detroit, MIchigan 12 of 12 QPL 20-0-516-14 PAGENO="0201" FEDERAL QUALIFIED PRODUCTS LIST OF PRODUCTS QUALIFIED UNDER FEDERAL SPECIFICATION rr-E-485d ENAMEL, SEMi-GLOSS, ROST-IN1IIBITING This list has been preparfd for use ie)i or for the Governnent in the procurement of pro- duct s covered by the subject specification and such listing of a product is not Intended to and dues cot connote icdursenent of the product by the Departnent of Defense. All products listed herein have been qualified under the requirements for the product as specified In the latest effective issue of the applicable specification. This iist is subject to change aithout notice; revision or amendment of this list clii be Issued as necessary. The listing *of a product does not release the supplier from compliance with the specification require- ments. Use of the information sheen hereon for advertising or publicity purposes is eceressly fasbiddpp. vhe antinity yaapuesibie fey this Qualified Peodaut. List is Aaey iledesnea Caep.. COATING AND CHEMICAL LABORATORY, ABERDEEN PROVING GROUND, MARYLAND ~IXELLL NaeufactureF5 I4sesfacturue' Base Oline Drab No. 024087 - Qualification extended to Olive Groan No. 24064, Marine Corps Graen No. 23 andNatural Shade 043.9310 19,509 Allied Paint Manufacturing Company, inc. R-i950-J i8,847 Armstrong Paint & Varnish Works, Inc. 1879 17,182 Atlas Paint 8. Varnish Company FL-6A54 21,073 Autcmotine Piniahes, inc. X-2k393 17,991 Baltimore Paint & Ch~lcal Corp. S-273 17,116 Body Brothers Inc A-3l101 20,458 Bradley & Vroomen Company A-54V 9,098 Aedraw Brown Company S-X-24087 7,060 Carbit Paint Company 245 21,589 Con-Lug Point Corporation 814-0-811 19,438 Cook Paint & Varnish Company 16051-11 17,322 DeSoto Chemical Coatings inc. 1081-62719 17,363 El. du Poet do Namours & Co., Inc. 081-9742 21,997 El. du Pont do NeetourS bCe., Inc. L4A4RA 19,450 Duralac Cheetlcel Corporetlon 1003 19,849 Eastern Paint 1. Vernist, Works, Inc. 3840-5 17,189 Eastern States Paint 8. Varnish Co. 80-47*. t9,972 Enmar, Icc. 11788 16,401 EnterprIse Paint Mfg. Co. 64438 22,402 The Parboil Co., 103.Gt60 7,786 W. P. Puller Company lof 8 - QPL TY-E-485-14 197 Q,PL TT-E-485-14 (7 February 1965 SUPERSEDiNG QIL fl-E-485-13 I April 1964 $837-A Rapiseas mc Fees 1537-4, dssaa I octen. elsiek is absnlste. PAGENO="0202" QPL 11-0-485-14 17 February 1965 Nanufactl+re'e Macac: ~ TYP! II (Cont'd) Olive Drab No. 024087 - Qualification extended to Olive Green No. 24064, Marine Corps Green No. 23 and Natural Shade 39540 20,333 P. 0. George Company RGL-30941-A 7,590 The Glidden Company 16511 22,392 No~k Paint & Chemical Works, Inc. 5-213-C 17,270 Nub Paint & Varnish Company, Inc 3-570 22,539 Jamestown Paint 0 Varnish CoVpany 7181+ 18,260 The ItMnsas Paint Color Company 122404-8 21,415 LIlly Varnish Company 30637 18,630 Midland Industrial Finishes Co. A-6764 17,018 Minnesota Paints, Inc. F 14781 17,647 Mobil Finishes Company, bc. LS-2408 18,924 Mobile Paint Mfg. Co., Inc. 300-G-9A 20, 167 Napho Corp. B-l290 19,962 Miles Chemical Paint Co. #43836 21,233 National Lead Company LB 11208 19,089 Porno Paint Company OC-38050 17,292 Pittsburgh Plate Glass Company (511,06 17,130 Pratt & Lambert Inc. #15810 17,224 preservative Paint Company 11-105074 18,996 Fur-All Paint Products Co., Inc. 200-30G9-525 17,244 Reliance Varnish Company S-3670 21,554 N. C. Richards Company Q.30G048 17,552 Rinshed-Masom Company SNF-763 22,513 Saginaw Paint MPg. Cm. 0-1273 18,691 Sentry Paint Chemical Co., Inc. 751-G-114 22,017 Sherwin-WIlliams Company .1-1082 17,107 William Armstrong Smith Company 288-G-22 17,029 Docomy Paint Products Company 1861.0 19,569 Titanlem, Inc. 6-1680 . 8,003 Tousey Varnish Company 1610207 22,677 united Lacquer MV g. Corp. 200501 20, 142 Oarcraft Paint Company 2 of 8 OPL TT-E-485-14 00 ?M1, 1537-*3(Cennino,tiom sheet lea 00 Fmrseeuai.e wed oS~i7-4) (Geaslacea 00 Fnre 1537-3, Vaeed 1 AUg 92. which is ebaeleter" 198 PAGENO="0203" 199 QPL TT-E-k85-lk 17 February 965 Mets JO~1 Manufacturer's TYPE II (Cont'd) Olive Drab No. X2k087 - Qualification extended to Olive Green No. ZkO6lu, Marine Corps Green No. 23 and Natural Shade p 621k 17,77k Watson-Standard Company 8200 7,069 Wisconsin Paint Nfg. Co. L-6380K 21,35k John N. Witte & Sons 7ALK8k12 8,976 Wyandotte Paint Products Co. 7-18hz 17,030 INn. P. Zumnach, Inc. No. X2k087 - Qualification extended to Olive Green No. 24064, Marine Corps Green No. 23 and Natural Shade 43-9377 19,752 Allied Paint Manufacturing Co., Inc. 8-765k-C 19,822 Armstrong Paint Varnish Works Inc 11851 17,180 Atlas Paint & Varnish Company 11873 17,183 Atlas Paint & Varnish Company 8-283C Di, 188 Andrew Brown Company 2S59-3 19,561 Bruning Paint Company,Inc. 0860 20,053 Clement Coverall Company 16051-12 17,485 SnOoty Chemical Coatings,lnc. 1028-5115 17,36k El. du Pont de Nemours & Co., Inc. L46k9 19,180 Duralac Chemical Corp. 108k 19,967 Eastern Paint 8. Varnish Works, Inc. 3850-k 17,190 Eastern States Paint & Varnish Co. Et-k785 19,971 Enmar, Inc. i03-G-157 17,033 N. P. Puller & Company RGL-309k2 17,118 The Glidden Company E-5230 17,820 Hobuken White Lead Coior Works 6-23-0 17,271 Hub Paint Varnish Company Inc. XP-5-3653 19,248 Jamestown Finishes, Inc. J8828 17,953 Lasting Products Company 122405-8 21,417 Lilly Varnish Company F-1k758V 17,827 Mobil Finishes Company, Inc. 49615 20,051 National Lead Company 651490 19,857 Pratt Lambert Inc. 200-2502-52 17,071 Reliance Varnish Company, Inc. 3 of 8 QPL Tr-E-k85-lk 00 P055 1837-$3(Cseginuatinn sheet for 00 Pore 1537-1 end 1537.45 (Eeglsces 00 Pert 1837-3, dated 1.Aog 52, smith is obso0eter~' PAGENO="0204" 200 QPL fl-E-1.85-14 7 February 1965 G i t I4anf t I t Mi f tt~$N&fl DesIg itt Q If ti and Add Ix~ Olive Drab No. 234087 - Qualification extended to Olive Green No. 214064, Marine Corps Green No. 23 and Natural Shade #5-3365 20,694 A. C. Richards Company Q30G046 7,097 Rimshed-Mason Company 2-1417 9,527 Sentry Faint Chenical Co., Inc. P92 5 Y26 19,046 Sherwim-Williams Company J-1049 7,478 William Armstrong Smith Company 1871-F 19,659 Titanine, lot. In of 8 Opt. 11-5-485-lb 80 FORM 1537_*3lCoetin,,Ation sheet ten OS Fete 1837-1 a,~ 1837.45 ()1e~I.ces GO Fore 1537-3, dated 1 Aug 52, aNioN is PAGENO="0205" Allied Paint Mfg. Company, Inc. 834 West Third Street Lansdale, Pennsylvania 19446 Plants: Lansdale, Pa. Cosden Che,nical Coatings, Corp. Beverly, N. J. Armstrong Paint & Varnish Works, Inc. 1318-1500 South Kilbourn Avenue ChIcago 23, Illinois Plants: Chicago, Illinois Stews rt-Mowry Chicago, Illinois Atlas Paint Varnish Cxapaoy 32-50 Buffington A venue Irvington II, Mao Jersey Plavt: Sane address Automotive Finishes, Inc. P.O. Boo 457, N.M. Station Detroit, Michigan Plants: Detroit, MichIgan Dearborn, Michigan Baltinore Paint 0. Chemical Corp. 2325 Annapolis Avenue Baltimore 30, Maryland Plant: Sante address Body Brothers Inc. 214 Northfield Road Bedford, Ohio Plant: Same address Bradley Vrosnan Company 2629 South Dearborn Street Chicago 16, Illinois Plant: Sane address Andres Brown Company 5431 5. District Blvd. los Angeles 22, Calif. Plants: los Angeles, Calif Irving, Texas l,acrel, Md. Bruning Paint Company, Inc. 4209 E. Chase Street Baltimore 5, Maryland Plant: Sane address Carbit Paint Company 927 N. Blackhawk Street Chicago 22, Illinois Plant: Sane address Clement Covers Il Company 623 Van Book Street Caedee, New Jersey Plant: Same address Con-Lux Paint Corporation Metuchen, New Jersey Plant: Sane address Cook Paint & Varnish Company 1412 Mono Street Kansas City 41, Missouri Plants: No. Kansas City, g0 Detroit, Michigan Houston, Texas DeSoto Chemical Coatings, Inc. 1350 South (conner Ace. Chicago 23, Illinois Plants: Chicago, Illinois Eastern Division Penocau ken, N. J. Carolina Division Greensboro, N. C. Southwestern Sicision Garland, Texas Illinois Division Chicago, Illinois Paul fix Division Berkeley, Calif. K. I. dx Pont de Nenours 0. Co., Inc. Wilmington, Delaware 19898 Plants: wlhnington, Del aware Philadelphia 46, Pa. Port Madison, Iowa Toledo 2, Ohio Chicago, Illinois 0. San Francisco, Calif. Pliot 2, Michigan Duralac Chemical Corporation 84 Lister Aveoun Newark 5, New Jersay Plant: Sane addross Eastern Paint & Varnish Works, Inc. Con. Pifth Horton Ayes. Nanthorne, Bee Jersey Plant: Sane address Eastern States Paint & Varnish Co. Swanson Miffliv Streets Philadelphia 48, Pa. Plant: Sane address Eon,ar, Inc. 25th & Bee York (or P.O. Box 2153) Bichita, Kansas 67201 Plants: Wichita, Kansas Little Rock, Arkansas Enterprise Paivt Manufacturing Co. 2841 SouGh Ashland Arm. Chicago B, Illinois Plant: Sante address QPL TT-E-4B5-I4 7 February 1965 201 MULTIPLE ADDRESS LISTING (MIlItary ad Psds~dl QualIfIed Predacts LIaRs) Refsr.sce Bsaber Macufactarsr'B B.C Address and Pleat Reference llusber Manufacturer's Base Address wed Plant 5 of g ID'I. TT-E-485-I4 PAGENO="0206" RefeTence Reeber The Farbol Company 801 Key Highaay Baltimore 30, Md. Plant: Same address W. P. Fuller F Company 450 East Grand A venue So. Sat Francisco, Calif. Plants: So. San Francisco, Calif. Los Angeles, Calif. Portland, Oregon Seattle, Washington P. D. George Company 5200 Worth Second Street St. Louis 7, Missouri Plant; Same address The Glidden Company 900 UnIon Comnerce Building Cleveland 16, OhIo Plants: Cleveland, Ohio Chicago, Illinois BeadIng, Pa. Minneapolis, lYnn. St. Louis, Mo Bee Orleans, La. Atlanta, Ga. San Francisco, Calif. Buena Park, Calif Carrolltun, Tecas Portland, Oregon Hoboken White Load & Color Works, Inc 1501 Adams Street Hoboken, New Jersey Plant: Same address Mock Paint and Chemical Works, Inc Boo 190 Phoenixville, Pennsylvania 19460 Plant: Same address Hub Paint & Varnish Company, mc. 47-38 Fifth Street Long Island City 1, Mm, York Plant: Same address Jameotown Finishes, Inc. 325 Blgckatone A venue Jamestown, Men York Plant: Sane address Jaeesnoon Paint & Varnish Co. Jamestnwn, Psnnsylvania Plant: Same address The Kansas Paint & Color Company 132 N. Mosley Wichita, Kansas Plant: Sane address Lasting Products Company 200 Block South Franklivtoen Road Baltimore 23, Maryland Plant: Same address Lilly Varnish Company 666 So. California Street Indianapolis, Indiana 46207 Plants: Indianapolis, Indiana Lilly Company High Point, N. C. Lilly Varnish Co. of Mass Gardner, Mass Midland Industrial Finishes Co. E. Water Street Waukegan, Illinois Plant: Same address Minnesota Paints, Inc. 1101-3rd Street South Minneapolis 15, Minn. Plants: Atlanta, Ga. Minneapolis, Minn. Fort Wayne, led. Dallas, Teeas Mobil Finishes Company, Inc. 101 E. OntarIo Street Chicago, Illinois 60611 Plants: Chicago, Illinois Wmerican-Marietta Division Kankakee, Illinois Charles L. Long Division Louisville, Ky. Arco Division Cleveland, Ohm Ferbert-Schorndorfer Division Cleveland, Ohio Marietla Paint * Color Division High Point, N. C. Marietta, Ohio Sewall Paint & Varnish Division Kansas City, Mc. Stoner-Mudge Division Pittsburgh, 33, Pa. Mobile Paint Manufacturing Co., Inc. 054 So. Conceptiom Street Mobile, Alabama Plant: Same address Hapko Corporation P.O. Box 14509 Houston, Texas 77021 Plant: Same address National Load Company 2240 Twenly-Fourth Street San Francisco 10, California Plants: San Francisco, Califorvia Los Angeles, California Seattle, Washington Perth A~nboy, New Jersey Chicago, Illinois Miles Chemical Paint Company 3rd & Port Streets Miles, Michigan Plant; Same address QPL rT-E-485-14 17 February 1965 202 MULTIPLE ADDRESS LISTING lathes,, and P.der~I Qasltfted Pradaeta LIntel I [,,__ Nanafecterer's Rena Address Ned Plant Meferesce Hamber Maeafectarĝrs Mane Addreaa And Plant 6 of 8 QPL TT-E-485-14 PAGENO="0207" Pervo Paint Company 6624 Stanford Avenue Los Angeles I, California Plant: Same address Pittsburgh Plate Glass Company 235 E. Pittsburgh A venue Milwaukee, Wisconsin 53201 Plants: Milwaukee, Wisconsin Newark, N.J. Springdale, Pa. Nouston, Texas Torrenue, Calif. Portland, Oregon East Point, Ga. N. B. Suydam Division Pittsburgh, Pa. Ditzler Color Dinision Detroit, Michigan Forbes Finishes Division Cleveland, Ohio Thresher Paint 6 Varnish Co. Dayton, Ohio Pratt & emberS, Inc. 75 Tonawanda Street Buffalo 7, New York Plants: Bcf8alç,, New York Dibble Color Company Detroit, Michigan Waggener Paint Company Kansas City, Mo. Preservative Paint Company 5410 Airport Way Seattle, Washington 98108 Plant: Same address Fur-All Paint Products Inc. 420 Bacon Street Broom 59, New York Plant: Same address Reliance Varnish Company Inc. 1901 Sheridan Road North Chicago, Illinois Plants: Chicago, Illinois l.ouisville, Kentucky Los Angeles. Calif Nouston, Teoas Irvington, New Jersey Nigh Foint, No. Carolina Roanoke, Virginia W. C. Richards Company 3555 West 123rd Otreet Blue Island, Illinois 60406 Plant: Same address Rinshed-Nason Company 5935 Ml lford Avenue Detroit, Michigan 48210 Plants: Detroit, Michigan Anaheim, California Saginaw Paint cfg Company 344 W. Senesee Saginaw, Michigan Plant: Same address Gentry Paint Chemical Co., Inc. Mill & Laormnce Street Derby, Pa. Plant: Same address Sherwin Williams Company 101 Prospect Avenue, NW. Cleveland I, Ohio Plants: Cleveland, Ohio Chicago 28, illinois Garland, Texas Los Angeles 23, Calif. Newark i, N. J. Oehland 8, Calif. Acme Quality Paints, Inc. Detroit, 1, Michigan The Lowe Brothers Inc. Dayton, Vhio John Lucas Company Slbbshoro, N. J. Ilartin-Senour Co. Chicago 8, Ill Rogers Paint Products Detroit 11, Michigan Wi I lice Armstrong Dei th Company 1561 Forrest Ansnwe P.O. Box 430 East Point, Georgia 30044 Plants: East Point, Ga. Reliance Chemical Co. of Kentucky Richmond, Calif Rsliemws Chemical Co. of Kansas Pauline, Kansas Socony Paint Products Compaoy Metuchen, New Jersey Plants: Netuchen: N. J. Los Angeles, Calif. Beaumont, Texas Titanine, Inc. Morris & Elmeood Avenues Union, New Jersey Plant: Same address Tousay 8arnish Company 135 Nest Lake Street Northlake, IllinoIs 60164 Plant: Chicago, Illinois East Moline, Illinois 203 MULTIPLE ADDRESS LISTiNG lNIIlRare eeC Faderil QualifIed PrndseRs LIaRsI ~L TV-E-485-14 17 February 965 Refe~eece Basber Nansfsctar.r's N5 Address and fleet Reference Number Maeufactxrere Mane Address and Plant 7 of 8 QPL TV E-485-lk 00 P00N *se eĝ 1537-S PAGENO="0208" 204 QPL TT-E.J,85-l4 7 February 965 rTETTTT~TTTT~iETT7TT~E1 1001 W. Elizabeti, Avenue Linden, New Jersey Pient: Sane address Varcraft Paint Conpany (elm Cross Streets Pottstown, Pennsylvania Plant: Sante address Watsov-Standerd Company 225 Galveston Avenue Pittsburgh 30, Pennsylvania Plant: Sane address Wisconsin Paint Mfg. Company 3710 North Richardg Street Niiseuisee, Wisconsin 53212 Plant: Same address John N. Wltte S Sons 2(7 Front Street Burlington, loom Piant: Sane address Wyandotte Paint Products Co. 1430 Sycamnre Street Wyandotte, Michigan Plentsj Wyandotte, Michigan Detroit, Michigan Mn. F. Zuamech, Inc. (20 East Mlnerul Street Nilomukam 4, Wisconsin Plants: Sante address 8 of 8 QPL. TF-E-4g~1i, l837-$~ (Cnenlueatjme sheet fan 00 Fnrm 1537.1 cue 1537.4) (R~placea OS Fnre 1537.3, dated 5 Aug 55, ~ich is ~~t.r" PAGENO="0209" FEDERAL QUALIFIED PRODUCTS LIST OF PRODUCTS QUALIFIED UNDER FEDERAL SPECIFICATION TT-E-529b ENAMEL, ALKYS, SEMI-GLOSS of 9 QPL TT-E..I2917 205 thIs lIst has been prepared for use by or for the Government In the procurenent ef pin- ducts covered by the subject speclflcatlon and such lIstIng of a product ls not intended to and does not ccvvete indorsenent of the product by the Department of Defense. All products listed hereIn have been qualIfIed under the requirements for the product as speclf led In the lutest effective issue of the applIcable specificatign. This lot Is subject to change without metlce; rovislon or ameedeent of this list wIll be Issued as necessary. The llstlmg of a product duos not re lease the supplIer free complIance wIth the speclflcatlen require- cents. Use of the leformatiem shown bet-eon for adcertlslng or publIcIty purposes Is ecprossly forbidden. The ~ctSoutp ee~peccable ten this Qualified Peoduot. List is U. S. ARMY COATING AND CHEMICAL LARORATARY, ARERDEEN PROVING GROUND, ~ fdaeufactur:r's MARYLAND Manufacturer: Name 1 CLASS A Red Deck Mc. 20061 - QualifIcation octet ded to Rose No. 3QQ5~ F-25561A 19,09f1 Carbit Paint Company 0 103-0-83 18,502 W. P. Fuller Paint Company A-378 20,270 Watson-Standard Company Red Ne. 21138 A-6U8 21,665 Androc Croon Company P.21136 18,918 Carbic Paint Conpeny 48A-2l136 20,404 Ennar, Inc. 103-R-84 18,343 W. P. Fuller Paint Cenpany 1957 20,858 Titanine, Inc. 8-363 20,128 Watson-Standard Company Yellow No. 23538 - Quallficatl on extended to Light Yelleo No. 53~4 0-689 21,6614 Andreu Rrcon Company F-23538 18,913 Carbit Paint Company 280 23,470 Ccm~Luc PaInt Products, 1mm. 1.88-23538 20,1405 Enmar, Inc. l03-Y-81 18,345 W. P. Puller Painc Company RGL-31935-A 19,420 The Glidden Company 650-Y-lU7 19,416 Mobi I Chemical Cenpamy Q3UVO15 22,040 Rlnshed-Mason Company 1956 20,847 Titanine, Inc. 6-364 20, 137 Watsen-Standard Ccmpany 537-~$ neplsv.s SO Pete 1531.4 deted 1 n~s SM, ahich I. obsolete. PAGENO="0210" QPL rr-E-529-17 18 October 1966 Drab 024087 - Qualification extended to Marine COrps Green and Green No. ~ 43-9368 9,693 At 61151 19,125 FL-6A96-A 19,040 S-271b 18,373 A-694A 21,662 F24087A 9,093 32725 20, 123 4-682 20,552 265 22,846 814-0-747 17,181 6206080-A 19,077 1081-62723 17,392 18,803 0612-5 20,360 EA-4511 17,019 486-024087 20,101 26973 21,804 103-0-590 18,430 39725 22,481 501-30955-A 17,750 60-5409 23,965 50838-1285 17,135 36-529e-3 23,868 00-155)9 24,241 Fl62ls56 21,521 8-1175 18,499 18-13106 18,693 OC-38367 18,327 40 21,039 06)5546 19,206 5300049 17,738 SNF-760 22,2)6 2 of 9 QI'L 114-529-17 08 rORM 1537-*30Conninuuticn sheet for 00 Form 1537.1 end 1537.43 (Rep1ecea~)0 Fore 1537-3, dated 1Aug52, which is obgo1ete~' 206 Gonerosent M&ufect rer'e Teet or Nenefectorere Name Moeigmetimn Deelgyatiom Quai~ficatlon end Addreee Allied Peint Memufacturing Co., Inc. Argo Paint Chemical Conpany Automotive Finishes, Inc. Body Bros. Inc. Andrew Brown Company Carbit Paint Company Coatings 8 C)tenioal Corp. Conchenco, Inc. Con-Lox Paint Products, Inc. Cook Paint 8 Varnish Company Debts Chenicel Coatings, Inc. B. I. duPent de N.mgurs Ce., Inc. Duralec ChemIcal Corp. Eastarn Btatsa PaInt 6 Varnish Co. EgyptIan Lacquer MVg. Co. Emnar, Inc. Fey-Johnston Inc. W. P. Fuller Paint Co. P.O. George Company The Glidden Company Guardsman Chemical CoatIngs, lox. Interchenical Corporation Longhorn Paint Co., Inc. MerrImack Industrial Finishes, Inc. Mobil Chemical Company Ni les Chemical PaInt Company Pervo Paint Company Pittsburgh Plate Glass Company Preniun Finishes Inc. Prsservativm Paint Company Rinshed-Mason Company Seg5naw Paint Mfg. Co. PAGENO="0211" 529-3 A-698 F24272A 235 484-24272 03-5-589 RGL-3241 LB l42lA 5305063 E 2012 1954 A2l0 QPL 10-1-529-17 18 October 1966 Atlas Paint Varnish Company Andrew Brown Conpany Carbit Paint Company Con-iwo Paint Products, Inc. N. P. Fuller Paint Company The Glidden Company Pervo Paint Company Winched-Mason Company William Armstrong Smith Company Titanine, Inc. Watson-Standard Company 207 ~m Manufacturer's QuaT~f~c~ion Manufacturer': ~ (Cont'd) Olive Drab S24087 - Qualification eotended to Marine Corps Green and Green No. 24064. 1-9313 21,343 Schermerhorn Paint Products Inc. 0-5387 23,518 Seibert-Sxiderno, mc. 011616 19,418 Sentry Paint Chemical Co., Inc. ° J-1633 19,277 WillIam Armstrong Smith Company F92 S C70 18,527 Sherwin-Willians Company 660-6677 21,276 Stanley Chemical Company AA-555-i 17,975 Sun Chemical Corporation 6-1703 18,319 Tousey Varnish Company 1811606 24,042 United Lacquer Mfg. Corp. 2007 23,757 Varcraft Paint Company A-29i 18,881 Watson-Standard Conpany 10-3225 23,826 Western Specialty Coating Company 7 ALK-1S339 22,908 Wyandotte Paint Products Company Pea Green No. 24272 - QualIfication extended to Green No. 24148, Green No. 24159, Green No. 24172, Green No. 24233, Green No. 24241, Green No. 24277, Green No. 24410, Green No. 24441, Light Blue No. 24451, Green No. 24525, Green No. 24449, Light Green No. 24533 & LIght Greem 24260. 23,759 21,660 19,095 20,554 20,484 18, 348 19, 150 18,515 21,239 19,801 20,824 `7,547 3 of 9 QPL TT-E-529-i7 5~r~5 1537-$3(Cootinootion sheet Bet 00 Form 1837-B med 1537.45 (RmeGaces 00 Fore 1537:3dstedtAdgB2,whleh La obseSete~ PAGENO="0212" Macs Qua !~c° on Manufacturer': C LASS A Royal Blue No. 25053 - Qualification extended to Sea Blue No. 25042, Blue 25109, and Purple No. 5~ A-756 21,658 Andrew Brown Cospany F25053 18,911 Carblt Paint Company 290 23,582 Con-Luo Paint Prodocts, Inc. 20,91,6 Enear, Inc. 18,893 W. P.Exller Paint Conpany 19,148 The Glidden Conpany 20,656 Watson Standard Conpany CLASSA - Slate Gray No. 26132 - Qualifixani on eatonded to tray No. 3QJ~j, Gray No. 7jj~fl, Gray No. QQ759~ Accent Gray No. ~Q75j, Gray No. 26280 Gray No. ~ Sand tray No. ~ tray No. ~ Gray No. ~ tray No. ~Q4j~7, Gray No. ~ Gray ~QJ57~ and Light Gray ~ Andrew Brown Company Carbit PaInt Company Cnn-Lao Paint Products Inc. 8. P. Fuller Paint Company The Glidden Company Rlnshed-Masnn Company Willian urestrong Smith Company Titanine, Inc. C lASS A QT~io. 27038 A-7l4 21,663 Andrew Brown Conpany F-2703BA 19,094 CarbiS PaInt Company " 275 23,448 Con-Las Paint Products, Inc. ` 488-27038 20,403 Inner, Inc. 103-8-71 18,347 84 P. Puller Pilot Cs. RGL-30953 17,177 The Glidden Company oC-38366 18,326 Plttsbwrgh Plate Glass Co. Q3SIGSII 21,240 Rieshed-lfasoe Company A-3B3 2G,335 Watson-Standard Cuepany 4 of 9 QPL TT-E-529-17 208 QPL TT-E-529-17 lB October 1966 480-25053 153-6-504 RSL-3 657B A-372 A-707 F-26 132 270 4BA-26 132 103-0-581 OS L-3 2562 Q3OAO3B E-3B90 1952 21,659 18,912 23,395 20, 584 8,344 19,413 21, 2B2 24, lOB 2S,N5l oil room 1537-13(Cnetleuotlne sheet len 00 Fern 1537-1 and 1B37-4S (BlepSecre 05 Eeoc 1037-3, slated i0ng 92, ethich As obaatete'~'~ PAGENO="0213" 209 QPL TT-E-529-.17 18 October 1966 I ~ [_ Boverement Dsalçnatlon Manufacturers Designation Test or Qualification Reference Manufacturer's Name and Addreaa CLASSA White No . 27875 - Qualificat Ion ootended to Cream No. Q32!2., Green No. 7~~j5~Q~ Gray No. 7~.5~L' and Light Gray No. ~ FL-1600-A 23,1+12 Automotive Finishes, leo. 0-716 21,661 Amdreo Broom Company MS-lO1 18,792 Bucknyn Paint Garnish Company P-27875 18,915 Carblt Paint Company 255 22,130 Con-Luo Paint Products, Inc. 1081-62722 17,391 E. I. du Punt de Nemours & Co., Inc. 1s8A~27875 20,406 Enmar, Inc. 103-6-94 18,346 W. P. Fuller Paint Cu. RGL-3G91+6 l7~l78 The Glidden Company JB 876 15,612 LastIng Products Company 6tG-W-90 19,415 MobIl Chemical Company GC-38054 18,158 PIttsburgh Plate' Glass Company Q3OWGG8 18,800 Rlmshod-Mason Compamy 1950 20,845 Tltanlne, Inc. 0-453 21,045 Watson Standard Company 24,220 Emnar, no. 24,080 Eastern Otates Paint 6 VArnish Ce. 24,221 Ennar, Inc. 24,314 Manna Paint Nfg. Co. 24,055 Eastern Gtates Paint & Varnish Co. 24,222 Emnar, leo. 24,318 Hanna PaInt Nfg. Co. ~ 23,944 Eastern Gtates Paint 6 Varnish Ce. 24,223 Enear, Inc. 5 of 9 QPL TT-E-529-17 (EnoGanna 00 Fern 18 37.3, dated I ACE 52, nhich is nbsoGele0" 00-533 0 - 60 - G5 PAGENO="0214" VPL rT-E-529-17 18 October 1966 210 MULTIPLE ADDRESS L$SI'$NG iellltsry and federAl GaslIf led Products lIsts) Allied Paint Manufacturing Company, Inc. 83k West Third Street i.ansdale, Panosylvanie 19446 Plants: Lansdale, Pa. Coedan Chemical Coatings Corp. Beverly, New Jersey Argo Paint Chemical Company 19440 Fitzpatrick Detroit 28, Michigan Plant: Sane address Atlas Paint & Varnish Company 32- 50 Buff ington Avenue Irvington ii, New Jersey Plant: Same address Automotive Finishes, Inc. P.O. Boo 457, H.P. Station Detroit 4, Michigan Plants: Detroit, Michigan Dearborn, Michigan Body Brothers, Inc. 214 Ncrthfleld toad Bedford, Ohio Plant: tame address Andrao Brown Company 5431 S. District Blvd. los Angeles 22, Calif. Plants: los Angeles, Calif. Irving, Teoas Laurel, Md. Kent, Washington Marietta, Gaorgia Buckeye Paint & VarnIsh Company 715 South 15th Street Toledo 2, Ohio Plant: Same address Carbit Paint Company 927 West Blackhawk Street Chicago 22, illinois Plant: SMme address Coatings & Chemical Corporation 3065 North Eleton Avenue Chicego IN, Illinois Plant: Same address Con Luu Paint Products, Inc. Ethel and Talnedge Roads Edison, New Jersey 08817 Plant: Same address 6 of 9 OPt TT-E-529-17 Conchenco, Inc. 1401 Severn Street Baltimore 30, Maryland Plants: Caltisore, Nd. Boydell Bros. Detroit, Michigan Deidlitz Paint & Varnish Cm. Kansas City, Mo- W. B. Davis Co. Baltimore, Md. John V. Masury & Son, Inc. Baltimore, Nd. W. H. Sweney B Co. St. Paul, Minn. Seidlita feints of Tegas, Inc. Houston, Tecas Mesury Paints of Tecas, Inc. Houston, Texas Old Colony Paint & Chemical Co. los Angeles, Calif. Cook Paint Varnish Company 1412 Knox Street Kansas City, Missouri 64141 Plants: PIg. Kansas City, Mo. Detroit, Michigan Houston, TexaN DeSoto Chemical Coatings, Inc. 1350 South Kostner Avenue Chicago 23, Illinois Plants: Chicago, Illinois Eastern Division Pennsaukem, N. J. Carolina Division Greensboro, No. Carolina Southwestern Division Garland, Tsoaa Illinois Division Chicago, Illinois Pacific Division Berkeley, Calif. E. I. du Pomt de Nemours & Co., Inc. Wilmington, Dalawave 19898 Plants: Wilmington, Delaware Philadelphia 46, Pa. Fort Madison, Iowa Tolado 12, Ohio Chicago 14, IllinoIs So. San Francisco, Calif. Flint, 2~ Michigan Durslec Chemical Corporation 84 Llstsr Avenue NewMrk 5, New Jersay Plant: Same address Eastern Statas Paint & Varnish Company Saansom & Mlfflin Streets Philadelphia 48, Pennsylvania Plant: Same address Refereece Rseber Mamafectarir's 5.5 Address and Plaint Reference Meaber Masafacturer's NEC Address and Plant 5 Baa SB PAGENO="0215" 211 MULTIPLE ADDRESS LISTING Military and Pederdl Qealif led Predact. Lute) QPL TT-E-529-17 18 October 1966 Egyptian lacquer Mfg. Co. P.O. Boo 444 Newark 1, New Jersey Plants: Newark, N. J. South Kearney, N. J. Lafayette, Indiana 25th & New York (or P.O. Box 2153) Wichita, Kansas 67201 Plants: Wichita, Kansas Little Rock, Arkansas Foy-Johnston, Inc. 1776 Mentor A venue Cincinnati 12, Ohio Plant: Sane address S. P. Puller Paint Co. 450 East Grand Avenue South San Francisco, Calif. 94080 Plants: So. San francisco, Calif. Los Angeles, Calif. Seattle, Washington P. 0. George Company 5200 North Second Street St. Louis 7, Missouri Plant: Same address The Glidden Company 900 Union Commerce Building Cleveiand, Ohio 441i4 Plants: Cleveland, Ohio Chicago, Illinois Reading, Pa. Minneapolis, Mlnn. St. Louis, Mo. New Orleans, La. Atlanta, Ga. Sen francisco, Calif Buena Park, Calif. Carrel ton, Teoas Portland, Oregon Guardsman Chemical Coatings, Inc. 1350 Steele, 5. 6. Grand Rapids, 2, Michigan Plant: Grand RapIds, Michigan Lanbert Corporation Houston, Texas The Schaefer Oarnish Company Louisville1 Kentucky 40210 Henna Paint Hfg. Co. 1313 Windsor Avenue Columbus, Ohio 43216 Plants: Columbus, Ohio James B. Sipe Company Pittsburgh 16, Pa. Manna Paint Co., inc. Birninghan, Alabama interchesical Corporation Finiehes Division P.O. Boo 659 Newark I, New Jersey Plants: Newark, N. J. Cincinnati, Ohio Eli,abeth, New Jersey Los Angeles, Calif. Chicago, illInois Lasting Products Company 200 Block S. Freniclintoen Road Baltimore 23, Maryland Plant: Same address Longhorn Paint Company, Inc. P.O. Boo 5099 San Antonio 1, Texas Plant: Sane address Nerrisack industrial Finishes, Inc. 33 Railroad Avenue Haverhili, Massachusetts Plant: Same address Mobil Chenical Company 1024 South Avenue Plainfield, N. J. 07062 Plants: Automotive finish Division Ferbert Schorndorfer Clonniand, Ohio Maintenance finish Division Gocony Paint Beaumont1 Texas Los Angeles, Calif. Metuchen, New Jersey Metal Finishes Division Ameriuen Marietta Kankakee, ill. Louisville, Ky, Arco, Cleveland, Ohio Marietta Paint and Color High Point, N. C. Marietta, Ohio Sewall Paint, Kansas City, Mo. Packaging Coating Division Stoner-Nudge Azusa, Calif. Pittsburgh, Pa. Rochester, Pa. I Refsr.nce Resbsr Memafscterar'e Rem. Address sod Piset Reference Nasber Blaeafactur.ra Nsss Address sea pIset 7 of 9 GIL TT-E-529-i7 PAGENO="0216" Sentry Paint Chemical Co., inc. liii & Lawrence Streets Sarby, Pa. Plant: Sane address Sherwin-Williams Company 101 Prospect Ave., N.W. Cleveland I, Ohio Plants: Cleveland I, Ohio Chicago 28, illinois Garland, Texas Los Angeles 23, CalIf. Newark 1, New Jersey Oeklend 8, Callfornie Acne tuelity Painte, mc. Detroit II, Michigan The tows Oree., inc. Dayton, Shie John Lucas Company Gibbebero, New Jersey Martln-Senour Co. Chlcege 8, IllinoIs Rogers Peint Products Detroit 11, Michigan William Armstrong Smith Conepny 1561 Forrest Avenue PA. Box 1+30 East Point, Georgia 300144 Pients: East Point, Ga. Reliance Chemical Co. of Kentucky Richmond, Calif. Reliance Chemical Co.of Kansas Pauline, Kansas The Stanley Chemical Co. Eest Berlin, Connecticut Pients: Save address Son Chemical Corporation 57 East Centre Streee Nutley IS, New Jersey Plant: Sane address Titamine, inc. Morris Einneood Avenue Onion, New Jersey Plant: Same address Tousey Oarvlsh Company i35 West Lake Street Nerthleke, Illinois 601614 Plant: Chicago 16, Illinois East Moline, Illinois Belted Lacquer Mfg. Corp. 1001 0. Elizabeth Avenue Linden, New Jersey Plant: Same address Watson-Standard Compaoy 225 Galveston Avenue Pittsburgh, Pa. 15230 Plant: Same address 212 QPL TT-E-529-l7 18 October 1966 GoverNment Deaigeatiem Manufacturer's Designation Teat or Qual~ficatiem Menufectwrer'e Name and Address Niias Chemical Paint Company 3rd 4 Port Streets Ni ice, Michigan Plant: Same address Pervo Paint Company 6621+ Stanford Avenue Los Angeles 1, Celifornia Plant: Sane address Pittsburgh Plate Glass Company 235 E. Pittsburgh Avenue Milwaukee, WisconsIn 53201 Plants: Miiwawks*, Wisconsin NSeark, New Jersey Springdele, Pa. Houston, Texas Torrance, Calif. Portlsod, Orsgom Eaet Polet, Oeergia N. B. Suydsn Division Pittoburgh, Pa. Ditoisr Color Divisiem Detroit, Michigan Perbea Pinishes Division Cleveland, Ohio Thresher PaInt Oernlsh Company Daytom, Ohio Preeiom Pimiehes, Inc. Durham Avenue Cincinnati 32, Ohio Plant: Same address Preservative Paint Company 51+10 Airport Way Seattle, Washington 98100 Plsnt: Dana address Rinshed-Mason Company 5935 Milford Avenue Datroit, Michigan 48210 Plants: Detroit, eichIgan Anaheim, California Saginaw Paint Mfg. Co. 34s4 0. Geneses Daginew, Nichigan 48605 Plant: Dame addrass Gchermerhorn PaInt Produds, Inc. 1521 Hilton Read Peredale 20, MIchigan Plant: Dane address Deibmrt-Oxiderno, Inc. 6455 Strong Avenue Detroit, Michigan 48211 Plant: Sans address 8 of 9 QPL fl-E-529-17 °or~~~ i~3?-~c~enoinuatiom sheet for tOFwre+ 1537-1 and 1537-4) (RoDLetee 00 Fore 1537-3, IetedtAug 52. nhich is nksoteter° PAGENO="0217" 213 QPL TT-E-529-17 18 October 966 I 1~ ~ Government Oislgttutlom Manufacturer's Designation Test or Q~~~om Manufacturer's Muse sttd Md~ees Western Specialty Coatings Company Dlx. of Western States Lacquer Corp. +1v00 Singleton Blvd. Dallas, Texas 75212 Plants: Sullen, Texas 75212 Los Wngeles, Calif 90023 Wyandotte Point Products Company 430 Sycamore Street Wyandotte, MIchIgan Plants: Wyandotte, Michigan Detroit, Michigan Oarcraft Paint Company (elm & Cross Streets Pottst000, Pennsylvania Plant: Sane address 9 of 9 QPL TT-E-529-l7 051 814 1537-3(Continuotioo sheet tnt 00 Form 1537.1 sod 1537.43 (0~gsLsces 00 Fete 0537.3, dited 1 Aug 52, ehich is ctsseSsteS" PAGENO="0218" 214 QPL TT-E-489-19 3Lfctobmr 966 SUPERSEDING OPL TT-E-u89- 18 26 January 1965 FEDERAL QUALIFIED PRODUCTS LIST OF PRODUCTS QUALIFIED UNDER FEDERAL SPECIFICATION TT-E-489d ENAMEL, ALKYD, GLOSS (FOR EXTERIOR AND INTERIOR SURFACES) This list has bean prepared for use by or for the Sovernnedt In the proc urenen t uf pro- dects covered by the subject specification and such listing of a product is not intended to led does not connote indorsenent of the product by the Departnent of Defense. Al I pioduots listed herein have bean qualified under the requirements for the product as specified In the latest effective issue of the applicable specification. This list is subject to change without notice; revision or amendment of this list nih be issued as necessary. The listing of a product does not release tha supplier from oomph ante with the specification require- ments. Use of the information shown hereon for adoertising or publicity purposes Is empressly forbidden. The aestniey se.psssibls for thus Qostufted Predonss Stat MARYLAND OS ARMY COAT IS AND CHEMICAL LABORATORY, A 1DEEN PROVING OROSNO, Gevereeent DesIgnatIon Ilsmufactur,r's Deslgestlen Test or Msnafsctarerts Nase Qus~ifIcMIom asd Address Maroon No. 15049 - Qualification extended to Seal Brown No. 10080, MetallIc Red No. ISS7A Mlddlsstonw Mo. 10266 & Dark Oak 10091 Ls3_91c55 19,945 Allied Paint Manufacturing Co., Inc. A-100LI9V 17,430 Carblt Paint Company 225 19,390 Con-Luo Paint Products, Inc. 32A-IOO1I9 18,366 Rotor, Inc. RSL-30968 17,212 The Glidden Company 8-28-A 17,421 Mob Paint S famish Company, Inc. EL-1I3323 21,981 Lilly Varnish Company ~tO H 79 20,052 NatIonal Load Company P91 M P3 17,043 Sherwin-WIllIams Company E-3889 24,109 William Arnstrong Smith Co. CLASS Red No. iIl3v-l . Qualification motended to Red No. lhl3A-2, Red Mo. 11136-3, Red No. 11105 cod Rod Mo. 11105.3 43-9477 20,018 Allied Paint Manufacturing Co., Inc. 11859 l7,A52 Atlas Paint & Varnish Company 11855 17,61,6 Atlas Paint & Varnish Company FL-51e13 19,357 AutomotIve Finishes, Inc. A-99F 21,190 Andrew Brçon Company u-lli3b-l 17,166 Carbit Paint Company 175 17,519 Con-Luo Paint Products, Inc. 814-R-556 17,155 Cock Paint Varnish Company TT-E-489c-~i7 20,155 DoRoom Paint Comy~y C.5572 17,079 Deloto Chemical Cootings, Inc. 1 of 15 QPL TT-E-1u89.19 0 1537-Il mept.ne. 00 Fees Bt3?.4. dst.0 1 Oct 09 nhVoh Se mb.mlets. PAGENO="0219" QPL TT-E-489-19 12 October 1966 215 Government Designation Manufacturer's Designation Test or Manufacturer's Name Qualification - aed Address QJ58G..A Red No. (Cont~d) 11136-1 Qualification extended to Red No. 11136-2, Red No. 11136-3, Red No. 11105 end Red No. 11105-3 32C-1l136-l 8,955 Enoar, Inc. 95-8-268 17,276 A. P. Fuller Paint Co. RSL-309b6-B 17,529 The Glidden Company 7-28-A 17,622 dub Paint & Varnish Company, Inc. JP-6090 17,128 Jaegle Paint & Varnish Company Ei..113297 21,574 Lilly Varnish Conpany S-4242C 17,509 N. .1. Mmrkio Company, inc. 44K24 19,717 National Lead Company tC-38372 20,457 Pittsburgh Plate tlass Company Q21RO69 19,913 Rieshed-Mason Company P91 R P6 17,037 SherwIn-WIlliams Company ` 57T-V18 20,738 Tenax Finishing Products Co. No. 12246 nt. Orange No. 12197-1 - Qualification extended to Orange 43-9416 and mt. Orange No. 19,855 12197-2 Allied Paint Manufacturing Cx., inc. 8-7903 19,617 Armstrong Paint 6 Varnish Wxrks, Inc ` FL-2068 19,455 Automotlxe Finlshms, Inc. A3240 21,099 Amdrex Broun Company A-i2197-l 17,170 Carbit Paint Company 180 17,521 Con-Lox Paint Products, inc S-6lx2 17,483 DmSxtx Chemical Coatings, inc. lOVi-26595 17,473 El. duPont dm Neoxurs 6 Cx., inc 4744-i 22,202 Eastern States Paint 6 Varnish Cx. 32A-12I97-l 18,362 Ennar, inc. 28141 22,583 Foy-Jxhnston, mc. 95-0-139 17,275 V.P. Fuller PaInt Co. RSL-30962 17,210 The Glidden Company JO 009 11,039 Laating Products Conpany EL-I14288 21,498 Lilly Varnish Company 40M8S 19,720 National Lead Conpany Ed 6-9-70 7,184 Nelson Company Q217102 f9i-E-F4 1031 20,326 17,039 6,974 Ilinshed-Naexn Company Sherxin-Villians Company Varcraft Paint Company 2 of 15 QPL TT-E-4V9.19 05' ~ 1537-a 3(Contlnuvtiox sheet in, 00 Form 1537-1 and 1537-4) (8mnlaxms 00 Fnrm 1037-3, dated S Aug 02, xhi,h is xbsoietec5t' PAGENO="0220" CLASS A Yelimo No. 3538 - Qoalifioation ,otetdod to I_moon Ymliot No. 13a55 X-Io3 -9333 11890 FL-3290--C S -25+98 615228 A 1028 8-13538 195 814-1-502 TT-E-489t-o8 C -5570 32A-13 538 13953 86-103 L-2549 28158 95-1-251 8GL-30915 bO-4275 2-28-P JP-6089 .15-707 EL-l14287A #0665-13538 2373 5-33 44620 317 LBI29I4A SC -3 83 73 4211140 56030 F915F3 QPL TT-E-1489-l9 12 Ootober 1966 Allied Point Menufaot+aring Co., Inc. Atlas Paint & Varnish Company Aotoootive Finishes, Inc. Body Brothers, Inc. Bradiny Point Company Andreo Broon Company Carbit Point Company Coo-Loo Point Prodocts, Lot. Cook Painn&Vat-nish Company DeBoom Palot Contpany DeSoso Chemical Coatings, Inc. Enoar, Inc. Enterprise Point Manufacturing Co. Enerheal Manufacturing Co., Ins. Fonnat, FordAConpany Foy-Johnoton, Inc. a. P. Puller Paint Co. Thn Glidden Company Guerdoman Chnnlcal Coatings, Inc. Mob Paint & Varnish Company, Inc JangloPaint&VarnishCccntpany Lasting Prodonts Company Lilly Varnish Company Linbacher Paint & Color Works, Inc. Minnesota Pal nto, Inc. Benjamin Moor, &Con+pany National Lead Company A. P. Nononi Icr Cm. Pa mo Pa let Company Pittsburgh Plate Slats Company Rlnshnd-Masmn Company Sanders Pal nts, Ito. Sherwin-Williams Company 3 of 15 QPL TT-E-489-l9 216 I~ Government [ DesIgnation Manufacturer's Bemignatign Test or Qualification Manufacturer's tlame and Address 19, 592 7, 140 19,454 2 1, 052 17,221 21, 100 17, 68 17, 515 17, 159 20, 158 17,077 18,361 20, 105 21,820 17,070 22,758 17,281 17,207 23,495 17,296 17, 127 16,040 21,863 18,936 17,956 7,887 19,719 16, 162 18, 113 20,1+54 17,092 18, 126 17,243 I537-3(Contanoctjme sheet mc 00 Fmec 1837-1 end 1837-43 ltepSsees CV Fsem 1537-3, dmted 1 Avg 52, 045th is Vbaetete) PAGENO="0221" 217 QPL TT-E-489-l9 12 October 1966 . . r GovernmeAt Man~facturer's Da.Igo.timn Designation Test or Qualification Manufacturer's Came and Address ~j~Q3~ (Cont'd) Yellow No. 13538 - Qualification extesded to Lemon Yellow No. 3655 .1-1093 17,239 William Armstrong Smith Company 0-4907W 23,002 Strathmore Products, mc. 57T-799 20,569 Tanax Finishing Products Co. 3-1642 19,250 Tousey Varnish Company GS-1062 22,132 Valspar Corporation 1021 23,456 Varcraft Paint Company 8-248 18,313 Watson-Standard Company CLASS A Shoe Drab No- 014087 - Qualification motended to Army Green No- 014050 Marine Corps Green No. 23 and Olive Grean No. 14064 43-9395 19,812 Allied Paint Manufacturing Co., Inc. 8-7904-V 19,750 Armstrong Paint a. Varnish Aorks, Inc. 11895 17,382 Atlas Paint & VarnIsh Company 5.2810 19,083 Body Brothers, Inc. AblE 21,102 Andrew Broom Company 0-014087 17,169 Carbit Paint Company 200 17,518 Con-ion Paint Products, Inc. 814-0-780 18,060 Cook Paint & Varnish Company C-5571 17,078 DmSotn Chemical Coatings, Inc 548-43 18,323 Soone a. Raynolds Co., Inc. 1081-62728 17,698 El. do Pont de Nmmours & Co., Inc. 434 21,263 Eastern Paint t Varnish Works, Inc. 32A-V-1408y 18,364 Ennar, Inc. 64445 22, 133 Thm Parboil Company 28553 23,056 Foy-Johnston, Inc. 95-0-339 17,280 B. P. Puller Paint Company RGL-3096i-A 17,334 The Glidden Company 2-28-5 17,924 Hub Paint & Varnish Co., Inc. 5538 17,725 Jones-Hlair Paimt Co., nc. EL-ll2272 21,329 Lilly Varnish Company S-4269D 17,510 8. .5. Merkin Company, Inn. 12311 17,675 MinneSota Paints, Inc. P16531 21,486 Nobi I Chmeical Company 00-34 17,884 `senjamin Moore & Company 4411.23 19,722 National Lead Company 4 of 15 QPL TT-E-489-19 dO ~ I937-~ 3 (Conlinuotion sheet mr 00 Fnrn 0037-i and i037-45 (Res'Sanms GO Pare 5537-3, dated S Aog 52, nhinh is nbaoiete~'°' PAGENO="0222" 218 QPL TT-E-489-19 12 October 966 [ ~ M::a - ~uJ~n:ation Manufacturer's Name ciA5L.L(Cont d) Olive Drab No. 014087 - Qualification extended to Amy Green No 014050 Marine Corps Green No. 23 and Olive Green No. 140(4. 54735 19,097 Pemvo Paint Conpany 0C-38374 20,455 Pittsburgh Plate Glass Co. Q21GO67 19,654 tinshedMason Company 66047 18,125 Senders Paints, Inc. P91 9 P18 17,040 Sherwln-Wllllens Company 1-1242 17,978 William Arnstrong Smlth Company E-3419 17,367 Warren Paint c Color Company A-377 20,247 Watson-Standard Company 7ANK 9729 22,676 Wyandotte PaInt Products Co. Green 14223 Willow Green No. 14187 - Quallficetlon extended to Dark Green No. 14062, Ned, Green No. 14110,/end Bright Green Mo. 14260 43-9456 . 19,944 Allied Paint Manufacturing Co., Inc. 11673 18,073 Atlas Paint A tarnish Company FL-6B89 19,356 Automotive FinIshes, Inc. A-298B 21,104 Andrew Brown Company 0-145-0870 -- 17,447 Carbit PainG Company 190 17,517 Con-Lox PaInt Products, Inc. 814-0.745 17,158 Conk Pelnt 9-Varnish Company C-5574 17,081 DeSoto Chemical CoatIngs, Inc 32A-14187 18,365 Enmar, inc. 507-0-124 21,991 W. P. Puller Paint Company RGL-30970 17,206 The Glidden Company 10-28-A 17,424 Nub Paint & Varnish Company, Inc. EL-i 12278 21,576 Lilly Varnish Company 441130 19,718 National Lead Company Q21GG71 21,216 Rlnahed-Mason Company P91 G P17 17,038 SherwIn-Williams Company J_I398 18,854 William Armstrong SmIth Company A.241 18,163 Watson-Standard Company ~~~eBlwa No. 15045 - Q~a11flcation extended to Dark Blue Mo. 15044, Nadlue Blue No. 15102, Bright Blue No, 15123. Clear Blue No. 15177, Lt. Blue No. 15193, Purple No. 17142, Post OffIce Blue Mad. Blue 15080 43-9465 19,979 Allied PaInt ManufacturIng Co., Inc. 11690 15,086 Atlas PaInt VarnIsh Company FL-8500 19~410 AutomotIve Finishes, Inc. 5 of 15 QPL TT-E-489-19 I537-*3(C0001nuotion sheet 8 or 00 Form 0537-1 end 1537-4) (Replaces 00 Fnre 1537-3, dated 1 Aug 52, which is nhae.teNe~ml PAGENO="0223" Government Designation Manufacturer's Designation Test or Qua! ification Manufacturer's Name and Address ~5653..f (Contd) Strata Blue No. 15045 - Qualification eotonded to Dork Biue No. 15044, Mod. Biue Mo. i5i02, Brigint Biun No. 15123. Cioar Blue No. 15i77, Lt. Biun No. i5193, Purpio No. 17142, Post Office Blue & Med. Olud 5080. 02950 21,106 Androw Brown Company A-l5045 17,163 Curbit Paint Company 185 17,522 Con-Luo Paint Products, inc. 8l4-L.208 l7,i57 Cook Paint & Varnish Company C-5575 i7,082 OnSoto Chenital Coatings, Inc. lV8i.62729 17,697 E. I. duPont de Nemours & Co., Inc. 32-6.15045 i8,363 Ennor, Inc. tcL-30967 17,214 The Giidden Company 6-28.0 17,425 Nub Paint & Varnish Company, Inc. EL-llV3l4 21,054 Lilly Varnish Company 40078 i9,721 National Lead Company Q2100l8 20,647 Rinshnd-Mason Cospany P91 L P8 17,046 Ghbrwin-Wi Ilians Company .1-1257 18,000 William Armstrong Smith Csmpany 1036C1 21,089 Oaroraft Paint Company 0220 17,741 Watson-Standard Company 219 QPL TT-E-489-l9 12 October 1966 Medium Gray No. 16187 6 of 15 QPL TT-E-489-i9 Qualification extended to Warm Gray No. 13578, Spruoe Green No. Light Gray No. 16251, and Light Gray No. 16376. 43.9396 i9,811 11081 17,927 PL-9844-8 19,362 711-00-3519 23,888 l5595C 22,111 62960 21,097 A-i6i87 17,165 01042 20,237 170 17,514 814-6-759 17,156 C-5577 17,084 9042-3 19,728 32C-i6187 18,958 BP-259 20,893 14159, Dark Gray No. 16081 Allied Paint Manufacturing Co., Inc. Atlas Paint & Varnish Company Automotive Pinishes, Inc. Body Bros, Inc. C. E. Bradley Laboratories, let. Andrew Breve Company Carbit Paint Company Caeco Paints, let. Com-l.uu Paint Produotoa Inc. Cook Paint & Varnish Company DeGoto Chemical Coatings, Inc. Eastern States Paint 8. Varnish Co. Ennar, mx. Everseal Manufacturing Cx., 1st. ev.~nn B537-U3(Csentnootinn sheet Bee GO Fern 0537-B end 1537-43 l8eeiu,es 00 Fete 1537-3, dated 1 Aog 52, nhivh As mbseSete3~" PAGENO="0224" QPL TT-E-4B9.i9 12 0ctob~ 1966 Mmdi Gray No. 1oI87 - Qualificatio0 ootended to Warm Gray No. 13578, Spruce Green No. 14159, Dark Gray No, 16081 Light Gray No. 16251, aod Light Gray No. 16376. S-52 23,285 95-8-257 7,278 RGL-30969 17,213 6-3550 2-28-0 EL- 1182 17 NG-37d 1u1BK33 LB-1349A S -4 721, Q2 lASh I 7606 I P919 PlO .1-1071, 57T-871, 1022 White No5 17875 - Qualification `otended to Buff No. 1037 Ioory No. 13695, bun Gray No. I61,92, a',. 43-9360 R- 1504-B II866 4 0 FL-I022 E-77o A97E 3012-4 MS-log 1180 A-17875 165 5200 ototice P1mb 5, Inc. Baltimore Paint Chemical Corp. Andrtu Brown Company Bruning Paint Company, Inc. Buckeye Paint Varnish Co. Burgess fobes Paint Company Carbit Paint Company ConLuoPaintproducts In Coesslidated Chmmlcel & I 220 Forest Paint Company N. P. Fuller Paint Compamy The Glidden Company Guardsman Chemical Coatings, Inc. Cub Paint & Varnish Company, Inc. Lilly Varnish Company Benjamin Moore & Company National Lead Company Peroo Paint Company B. C. Richards Armetreeg Pal nt Atlas Pabee & Va 19,668 I9,6I9 17,500 l7,50l l8,035 17,704 21, I IV l7,765 IB,5l6 18,298 17,104 17,519 17,466 I sheet 00 Fee~ 1937-b ameJ 1937~4I llbepluems 00 Fnrm 1937~3, duB PAGENO="0225" 8 of 15 QPL TT-E-489-l9 221 QPL TT-E-489-19 12 October 1966 Government D.s1~natlon Manufacturer's Designation Test or Qualification Manufacturer's Nani and Address CLASS A White 560. 17875 - Qualificotion eutesdeti to Buff No. 15371, Cream No. 3594, Post Office Cream Strlplsg No. 13618, Ivory No. 13695, Saon Gray No. 16492, and other tints. 814-0-454 17,154 Cook Paint Varnish Company C-5976 17,083 SeSoto Cheni cal Coatings, Inc. 432 20,652 Eastern Paint Varnish Works, Inc. 2219-2 21,623 Eastern States Paint & Varnish Co. 32A-17875 18,359 Ennar, Inc. 08.124 18,525 Eversea 1 Manufacturing Co., Inc. io6~S 20,358 Fibreboaru Paper Products Corp S-SO 23,287 Forost Paint Company 27870 22,581 Pay-Johnston, Inc. 95-id-lAg 17,277 0. P. Fuller Paint Conpany RGL-311561i 7,204 The GlIdden Company 6-1060 21,477 Ouardsoam Chemical Coatings, mc. H-2560 21,898 The Manna PaInt Mfg. Company 3-28-6 17,423 Hub Paint & Varnish Company, Inc. JP-6088 17,129 Jangle Palet & Varnish Company EL-ll1498 21,567 Lilly Varnish Company S-3964-0 17,508 N. J. Merkie Company, Inc. P16530 21,485 lIobi I Chemical Company WN-32 17,883 eeejamle Moore & Company 441(13 19,714 National Load Company L8-l338A 18,112 Pervo Paint Compamy oC-38375 20,777 Pittsburgh Plate Glass Company S#2261C 17,089 preservatIve Paint Compamy Q2l0320 18,299 Rleshed-Mason Company 26030 18,127 Sanders Paints, mc. 0-1028 17,015 Sentry P~Int 8. Chsmiual Co., Inc. P91 0 P5. 17,042 SherwIn-WillIams Company J-l230 17,939 WillIam Arestroeg Smith Company 23-109 23,409 Speed-S-4aq Products Cm., lec. 57T-800 20,811 Tomao Plmishieg Products Compa 1-1479 20,962 Tousey garnish Compamy 1040 21,902 Oalspar Corporation 1-2085 22,919 Hook Paint & Chaniual Norks, Inc. no1 :oeM5, i537-~3(ComtAnuetion sheet foe GO Fees 1837.E seA 1537.41 (IleeGsces 00 Feee 1837-3, dated 1 Aag 92, which As ohseOete~°" PAGENO="0226" 222 QPL TT-E-489-i9 12 October 966 U Md Add N j çj~5_~, (Contd) White 17875 - Qualification extended to Buff No. 10371, Creaiu No. 3594, Post Office Cream Striping No. 3618, Ivory No. 13695, Dawn Gray No. 161+92 and other tints. 1001-Cl 9,956 Varcraft Paint Company A2l5 17,673 Watson-Standard Company 0 WHit 8873 22,821 Wyandotte Paint Products Co. Black No. 17038 43.9383 19,777 Allied Point Manufacturing Co., inc 6604 20,109 Atlantic Varnish & Paint Co., Inc. 11885 17,11+4 Atlas Paint & Varnish Company FL-All 18,051 AutomotIve Finishes, inc. A9NB 21,091+ Andreo Brown Company E-757 17,1+91+ Baltimore Paint Chemical Corp. 3E18-5 17,982 Bruning Paint Company, Inc. A-1703N 17,167 Carblt Paint Company 160 17,520 ConLux Paint Products, inc. NIia-B-263 17,150 Comb Paint & Varnish Company C5573 17,080 DeSoto Chemical Coatings, Inc lOĝi-62727 17,699 E. I. duPont de Neocurs & Co., ipx. 433 21,261 Eastern Paint Varnish Works, Inc. 32C-17038 18,956 Enmar, Inc. BJ-1i3 20,800 Eversea I Manufacturing Co., Inc. S-SI 23,286 Forest Paint Company 95-B-AS 17,279 0. P. Fuller Paint Co. OGL-30963.A 17,333 The Sudden Company 6-0011 21,478 Guardsman Chemical Coatings, Inc. 4-22-D 14,046 Hub Paint 0 Varnish Co., inc. EL-li6l50A 21,862 Lilly Varnish Company S-4006C 17,685 N. J. Merkln Company, Inc. B-36A 18,033 Benjamin Moore 0 Company 44646 19,716 NatIonal Lead Company 1.0-12970 18,111 Pervo Paint Company UC-3N371 20,453 Pittsburgh Plate Glass Company 0 Q2IKOO6 21,546 Rinshed-Mason Company 0 P91 B F6 17,041 Sherwin-WIlliams Company 9 uf 15 QPL TT-E.489-19 uoeORtH lB37~3(Cemgimvotimo sheet for 00 Penn 1537-1 and 1537.43 (I0'places 00 Farm 1537.3, detod 1Aug82, chick is obbutete'2~' PAGENO="0227" 223 QPL TT-E-489-19 12 October 1966 . Dssign.tion Qua ~:~ion Manuf~c~~er's Name CLASS A (contA) Black No. 17038 .1-1091 17,238 William Armstrong Smith Company U 577.898 22,100 Tenan Finishing Products Co. 1023-C3-1 20,625 Varcra ft Paint Company A-2k9 8,335 Watson-Standard Company sANK lO4Ls4 23,008 Wyandotte Paint Products Co. CLASS Slack No. 17038 6k-10837 23,86k Allied Paint Mfg. Co., no. 8579-2 23,521 Eastern States Paint & Varnish Co. 328-17038 23,920 Ennar, Inc. B-i56l 23,939 Wiles Chemical Paint Company SNF~BL4k 23,603 Saginan Paint liP9. Co. - CLASS 8 Olioe Drab X1L1O87 6Ls_10838 23,862 Allied Paint 118g. Co., inc. 8568-2 23,520 Eastern States Paint 0 Varnish Co. 32E-Xl4087 23,918 Enmar, Inc. 8~151+6 53~77i+ Ni let Chemical Paint Company CLASS B White 17875 61s-l0935 2k,287 Allied Paint if9. Co., Inc. 16793 23,770 C. 8. Bradley Laboratories, Inc. 8585-8 23,917 Eastern States Paint S. Varnish Co. 32E-i7875 23,919 Enmar, Inc. 1NSL-35869 23,617 The Sudden Company 8-1551 23,773 Ni let Chemical Paint Company 10 of 15 QFL TT-E-489-i9 . ~ ~ elect ftc 00 Form 1537.1 and S537.4~ l8epSacee 00 Fmrm 1537.3, dated S dog 52, nhich is nbeo0ete~° PAGENO="0228" 224 MULTIPLE ADDRESS LISTIND (NilItsry sod FederAl quslIfl.d Products Lists) QPL TT-E-489-19 12 October 1966 Allied Paint Manufacturing Company, inc. 83lu West Third Street Laesdfle0 Peensylvania 1941+6 Plaets: Laosdale, Pa. Cosden Chemical Coatiegs Corp. Beverly, N. J. Arestroeg Paint & Varnish Works, leo. 1318-1500 So. Kilboure Aveeue Chicago 23, Illinois Plaets: Chicago, illieois Stooart-Moary Co. Chicago, illieols Atlantic Varnish 0 Paint Co., let. 3000 North Boulevard Richmond, Virgieia Plaet: Sane address Atlas Paint & Varnish Coopany 32-50 Buffington Ave. lrvington II, Mao Jersey Plant: San, address Automotive Pinishos, Inc. P.O. Bog 457, N.W. Station Detroit 4, Michigan Plants: Detroit, Michigan Dearborn, Michigan Baltimore Paint & Chemical Corp. 2325 Annapolis A venue Baltimore 30, Maryland Plant: Same address Body Brathors, inc. 214 Northfield Road Bedford, Ohio Plant: Sane addrvsu C. E. Bradley Laboratories, Inc. Brattleboro, Vermont Plant: Some address Bradley Point Company 4070 East Washington Blvd. Los Angeles 23, California Plant: Same addrtss Andrew Brown Company 5431 5. District Blvd. Los Angeles 22, California Plasts: Los Angcles, Calif irving,Ieoas Laurel, Nd. Koet, Washington Marietta, Georgia Brusing Pal at Compasy~ Inc. 4209 B. Chose Street BaltImore 5, Maryland Plant: Same address Buckeye Paint u Varnish Co. 715 South 15th Street Tclado 2, Ohio Plant: Same address Burgcss Pobes Paint Company 106 Commercial Street P.O. Boo 106 Portland, Paine Plant: Sane address Canto Paints, inc. 2862 E. Ponce de Loon Ave. Decatur, Georgia Plant: Same address Carbit Paint Company 927 5. Blackhawk Street Chicago 22, illinois Plant: Same addrcss Com-Lux Paint Products, inn, Ethel and Taloadge Roads Edison, N me Jersey 08017 Plant: Samo address Connolidatod Choniwal 0 Pains Mfg. Co., mx 456 Dri ggs A venue Brooklyn II, New York Plant; Sane address Cook Paint & Warn ish Company 1412 Keoo St+aet Kansas City, Missouri 64141 Plants: Mu. Kansas City, Mo. Detroit, Michigan Houston, Texas DeBoom Paint Company 1300 22nd Stroet San Prancisto 7, California Plant: Same address DeSoto Chsmicai Coatings, mc 1350 South Kostnor Avtnuo Chicago 23, illinois Plants: Chicago, illinois Eostern Division Penesaxken, N J. Carelina Division S reens bore, N. C. Southwestern Division Sarland, Texas illinois Dlvis:on Chicago, illinois Paclfix Division Berkeley, Calif fl [ Refepsoce Number ManufLCtUrIras N~5 Address and Plant Reference Number Maeafecturersu N*ne Address Ned Fleet 11 of 15 SPL TT-E-489-19 `~°i.1MeD i537~& PAGENO="0229" MULTIPLE ADDUSS LISTING (Military *sd F.denAl Quslifisd Padact, List) Devon Roynolds Company, Inc. 651a Madison ~ Hew York 21, H. V. Plants: Naoark, ii. J. Datroit, Michigan Louisville I, Ky. Houston 21, Texas Riversida, Calif. Los Angelns, Calif. Jones-Dabney Company Louisville, Ky. The Bishop-Conklin Company Los Angeles, Calif C I. du Pont dn Nomours & Co., Inc Wilnington, Delaware 19898 Plants: Wilmington, Dnlaoarn Phi ladnlphia, Pa. Port Madison, baa Toledo 12, Ohio Chioago 14, Illinois So. Sam Francisco, Calif. Flint 2, Michigan Eastnrn Paint S Ilarnish Works, Inc. Cor. Fifth Horton Avnnuns Hawthorno,NaoJersny Plnt: Sanneddress Eastern Stotns Paint & Oarni sh Co. Swanson & Mifflin Strnnts Phi ladeiphia 48, Pa. Plant: Damn address Ennar, Inc. 25th 0 New York (or P.O. Boo 2153) Wichita, Kans~s 67201 Plants: aichita, Kansas Littln Rock, Arkansas Entnrpriso Paint Mfg. Co. 28la1 South Ashland Avnvue Chicago 8, IllInois Plant: Damn ,ddnss Evnrsna 1 Manufacturing Cm., Inc. 475 Broad Ovonu, Ridgefiold, New Jnrsny Plant: Damn addrnss TAt Parboil Conpany 801 Key Higheay Baltinorm 30, Maryland Plant: Doom address Fibrebaard Paper Prodactc Cnrp. P.O. Boo 43 lii Oakland 23, California Plants: Oakland, Calif. Pabco Paint Division Emeryville, Calif. Forest Paint Cenpany 7250 Franklin Street Forest Park, Illinois Plant: Same address Pornan, Ford Coepany Ill Death Second Street Minneapolis I, Minnesota Plant: Sane address Pay-Johnston, Inc. 1776 Mentmr A venue Cincinnati 12, Ohio Plant: Same address W. P. Fuller Paint Co. 150 Cast Srand A venue So. Sen Francisco, CalIf. 94080 Plants: So. Sam Francisco, Calif. Los Angeles, Calif Seattlo, Washington The Glidden Company 900 Onion Comnunrce Building Cleveland, Ohio 44114 Plants: Cleveland, Ohio Chicago, Illinois Reading, Pa. Minneapolis, Mins. St. Louis, Mo. Sea Orleans, La. Atlanta, Ga. San Francisco, Calif. Buena Park, Calif. Carralltom, Temes Portland, Oregon Suardseen Chemical Coatings, inc. 1350 Stemle, 5. 8. Grand Rapids, 0, Michigan Plants: Grand Mapidt, Michigan Lanbnrt Corporation Houston, Texas The Schaefer Ox-ni sh Company Louisville, Kentacky 40210 The Manna PHint MPg. Cm. 1313 Windsor Aoenee Colaskas, Ohio 43216 Plants: Colwnbus, Ohio Janus B. Sipe & Co. PittsBurgh, Pa. Henna Paint Co., Inc. Blreinghan, Alabama Hock PaInt Chemical Works, 1mm. Hoe 190 Phoenimv ills, Pa. 19460 Plant: Same addre6s 225 QJ'L TT-C-4H9-l9 12 Octeber 1966 Reference Manuf*cts'cr'e N~e Addrese and Plant Reference Neeber Hddrass and 12 of 15 GiL TT-E-489-19 1Dec60 837-5 88-533 0 - 88 - 16 PAGENO="0230" MULTIPLE ADDRESS LISTING QPLTr-E-489-i9 (Military end Psdardl Qea)ifi.d Products List.) 12 October 1966 Hub Paint & Varnish Company0 Inc. 47-38 Fifth Street L0fl9 Island CIty, 1, New York Plant: Sane address Jaegle Paint & Varnish Company 19th and Hayes Avenue Camden, New Jersey 08105 Plant: Sane address Jones-Blair Paint Conpamy, Inc. 6969 Santon Once Sal las 35, Texas Plant: Sane addrsss Lasting Products Company 200 Block South Franklintown Road Baltimore 23, Maryland Plant: Same address Lilly Varnish Company 666 So. California Street indianapolis, indiana +6207 Plants: Indianapolis, Indiana Li 1 ly Company High Point, N. C. Liliy Varnish Co. of Mass. Gardner, Meso Linbacher Paint 8. Color Works, Inc. 515 Homestead Avenue Mt. Vernon, New York Plant: Same address M. J. Merkin Company, Inc. 1441 Broadway New York 18, New York Plint; Sane address Minnesota Paints, Inc. 1101-3rd Street South Minneapolis 15, Minn Plants: Atlanta, Ga. Minneapolis, Mine Fort Wayne, Indiana Dalias, Texas Mobil Chenicai Company 1024 South A venue Plainfieid, N. J. 07062 Plants: Automotive Finish Sivision Ferbert Schorndorfer CieAeiand, Ohio Maintenance Finish Division Socony Paint Beaumont1 Too. Los Angeies, Calif. Metuchen, N. J. Metal Finishes Division American MarIetta Kankakee, ill. Louisville, Kf. Arco, Cleveland, Ohip Marietta Paint and Coior High Point, N. C. Marietta, Ohio Sewall Paint, Kansas CIty, Mo. Packaging Coating Division Stoner-Mudge Azusa, Calif. Pittsburgh, Pa. Vochester, Pa. Benjamin Moore & Company 511 Canal Street New York 13, Hew York Plants: Newark, N. J. 07105 Milford, Mess Vi757 Jacksonville, Flu 32202 Melrose Park, illinois 60160 Cleveland, Ohio 44105 Houston, Texas 77007 Denver, Colorado 80205 Los Angeles, Calif. 90022 St. LoaDs, Missouri 63iD4 Technical Coatings Corp. Santa Clara, Calif. 95050 Thompson a. Company Oahmont, Pa. 15139 Del-Worth Paint Hfg. Co. Mesquite, Texas 75149 National Lead Company 2240 Twenty-Fourth Street San Francisco 10, Calif. Plants: San francisco, Caiif Los Angeles, Calif. Seattle, Washington Perth Anboy, N. J. Chicago, Illinois Nelson Company 1232 Prospect Avenue Iron Mountain, Michigan Plant: Sane address tiles Chemical Paint Company 3rd & Port Streets Miles, Michigan Plant: Same address 13 Of 15 QPL 11-0-489-19 226 Referanca N.eufacturar5s Rums Maferenc. Maesfaoterar+a Mane Number Address and Plant Number Address ted Plant PAGENO="0231" MULTIPLE ADDRESS LISTING (Military and FederAl ~ualifiad Products List.) A. P. Nonwei er Company P.O. Boo 1007 Oshkash, Wisconsin Plant: Same address Pervo Paint Company 6620 Stanford Aoonue Los Angeles 1, Calif. Plant: Same address Pittsburgh Plate Glass Company 235 E. Pittsburgh Avenue Milwaukee, Wisconsin 53201 Plants: Milwaukee, Wisconsin Newark, N. J. Springdale, Pa. Houston, Texas Torrance, Calif. Portland, Oregon East Point, Georgia H. B. Suydam Division Pittsburgh, Pa. Ditzier Color Division Detroit, Michigan Forbes Finishes Division Cieveland, Ohio Thresher Paint Oarnish Company Dayton, Ohio Preservative Paint Company 5410 Airport Way Seattle, Washington 90100 Plant: Same address H. C. Richards Coepany 3555 West 123rd Street Blue Island, Illinois 60006 Plant: Same oddross Rinshed-Mason Company 5935 Milford A venue Setrolt, Hichigan 00210 Plants: ntroit, Michigan Anaheim, California Saginaw Paint Mfg. Coepany 344 W. Genesee SaOinws, Michigan 4B6v5 Plant: Same address Sanders Peints~ inc. 3700 iwurenceville Highway Tucker, Georgia Plant: Same address Sentry Feint & Chemical Compwny, Inc. Mill & Lawrence Streets Darby, Pa. Plant: S ane address Gherwin.Hi Ilians Company 101 Prospect Avenue, N. H. Clevel,md I, OhIo Plants: Cleveland I, Ohio Chicago SB, Illinois Garland, Tecas Los Angeles 23, Calif. Newark 1, New Jersey Oakland 8, Calif. Acme QualIty Paints, Inc. Detroit Ii, MIchigan The Lowe Brothers, Inc. Dayton, Ohio John Lucas Company Gibbsboro, New Jersey iiartin-Senour Company Chicago B, illinois Rogers Paint Products Detroit II, Michigan William Armstrong Smith Company 1561 Forrest A venue P.O. Boo 430 East Point, Georgia 30044 Plants: East Point, Georgia Reliance Chemical Co. of Kentucky Richmend, California Reliance Chemical Co. of Kansas Pauline, Kansas Opeed-G-Laq Products Co., Inc. 970 Raymend A venue St. Paul, Minnesota 55114 Plant: Same address Strathmere Products, Inc. 1970 5. Fayette Street Gyracuse, New York Plant: Same address Tacos Finishing Products Company 390 Adaes Street Newark, Hew Jersey 07114 Plant: Same address Tousey Oarnish Company 135 West Lake Street Northiake, illinois 60164 Plants: Chicago 16, Illinois East Holine, Illinois Oalspar Corporation 200 Sayre Street Rockford, Illinois Plants: Rockfvrd, illinois Detroit Graphite Co. Lyonsv Illinois Patek Paint 6 Glass Co., Inc. Milwaukee, Wisconsin Rockootn Faint Company Rockford, Illinois Orlando, Florida 227 GPL TT-E.489-l9 12 October 1966 I [ Reference $ b Add a Mae d Plant Reference H b Add Manufacturers lana and Plant 14 of 15 GFL TT-E-4O9-19 unnnn ~ ~ PAGENO="0232" 228 MULTIpLE ADDRESS LISTING (NlIlt.?y and F.d.,gj Quallffan Pnsdunts 1.0.) QPL. ILIrance~J~7 Wydfld~ttt Paint Produ~t5 Co. 430 Sycano-n Street Wyandotte0 Mloh)gan Plants: Wyandotte, Niohigan Dntroit Michigan °U.S. GOVOENME] PAGENO="0233" 229 s.~sT~ £~iMosestfr~ine s ssesfe.fe.se,wen RqfrisalduthsUissfeth she ~ to QUALIFIED PRODUCTS LIST OF PRODUCTS QUALIFIED UNDER FEDERAL SPECIFICATION CO-S-ODD 116 SANDERS, DISK, ELECTRIC, PORTABLE, X)SRLE INSULATED (SHOCKPROOF), RADIO INTERFERENCE SUPPRESSED The sat es bs,e pselstrsd f~e by foe the Gooteesetot Ut she petcuremests MpaOdec,s cootrod by ,h, subject speciflcstion. MI peoduces listed hcsein Inset bces qoslilled statist she esquie~n tue the peodnscs specitlsd in the lsttsttffscisee sass ofthespplinsblesp,dflcseinst. Maeisionoessseod*neutotthislistoiflbtissstdsss,ctssspy The lississguf a peudsuct doss eeleuss sbp'.uusfscsunse fee. corspliauee .6th tInt spetilicisusat e~itte.sss. Rtpeodscsiou atf this list, in .Mak ce is pan, seeps by tlse Geesessseat,ue use of slat iastoeusatiou dsaos shsesoss fueudsestisia~ psstpusss iospssasly £ssbiddas. The scsseisy sospassible toe dais Qsstoted Pstsdaess List is she natsscs oKShipu MN~PACMM~ ~AflON DAze 7 67505 NNVSHIPYD, P8ILA The I Rpt. No. TT-S29 701 Plant: SIze 9 8700-4 NAVSHDPYD, PHILA Rpt. No. TT-D29 - QPL-OO-S-DDDDD6-l I AprIl 1967 kc `ID~J J The Black & Decker MEg. Co. 701 East Joppa Road Tooson, Maryland 21204 Plant: Naopstead, Maryland S of I PAGENO="0234" EXHIBIT 3 The General Services Administration (GSA), Federal Supply Service, prepares many short pamphlets for intra-Government use which may be of potential value to consumers. This information is not made available to consumers unless a specific request is made for a particular pamphlet. One good example is the "Cleaning, Waxing, and Maintenance of Soft Floors." This short pamphlet reproduced here in its entirety contains much information of use to the private consumer. CLEANING, WAXING, AND MAINTENANCE OF SOFT FLooRs GENERAL SERVICES ADMINISTRATION, FEDERAL SUPPLY SERVICE, WASHINGTON, D.C. FoEnwoRn The quality of water-emulsion floor wax furnished the Government under specification began to deteriorate rapklly shortly after the conclusion of World War II. A great deal had been learned about synthetic, waxy materials during the war, and wax manufacturers were able to substitute inferior materials and still meet the requirements of the specification which at that time were based primarily on laboratory analysis of physical constants. The material received at that time was very unsatisfactory. The waxes were often slippery, soiled easily, and exhibited very poor wearing qualities. As a result of the poor product being delivered, the Standardization Division of GSA developed a new specification for water emulsion floor wax (P-W-155). This specification has laboratory requirements to determine total solids, acidity, sediment, stability, water spotting, odor, and other physical properties. In addi- tion to the laboratory requirements, the wax must also be equal or better than a standard wax in performance on the floor. The standard wax was developed by studying the performance of approXi. mately 75 commercial waxes over a period of 2 years, and it represents an optimum balance of desirable wax characteristics such as nonslip, minimum dirt retention, gloss, buffability, removability, and general appearance. CLEANING, WAXING, AND MAINTENANCE OF SOFT FLOORS This pamphlet is concerned with the use of water-emulsion floor wax in the maintenance of floors. This wax can be used satisfactorily on floors of asphalt tile, linoleum, vinyl, and rubber tile, but it should not be used on wood, terrazzo, or marble floo~rs. The primary purpose in waxing floors is to improve appearance and reduce wear and tear on the floors. In addition, a good tough coat of wax improves resistance to soil, makes cleaning easier, and when properly maintained, improves the slip resistance. Types of Floors A. Asphalt tile is composed of asphalt, asbestos, and filler. Strong soaps or lye solutions should not be used in cleaning asphalt tile, as they form an emulsion with the asphalt and cause it to "bleed." In cleaning, an excess of water should be avoided, as it will seep down between the tiles and cause them to loosen from the floor beneath. Subsequent washings will continue this process until the floor is no longer usable. The familiar yellow pastes or solvent liquid waxes should never be used for asphalt tile, as they contain solvents which dissolve the surface and Irreparably ruin the floor. Water emulsion floor wax is the recom- mended maintenance material for this type of surface. B. Linoleum is composed of linseed oil, ground cork, and filler pressed upon a sheet of burlap or felt. Strong soaps or alkaline materials will react with the linseed oil of the linoleum and form an emulsion. This is washed away in mop- (230) PAGENO="0235" 231 ping, and the floor will have a rough or grainy appearance and soon lose its value as a floor covering. An excess of water should be avoided, as it will creep in between the layers of linoleum, especially along the edges, causing it to crack and break off. Water-emulsion floor wax properly applied and maintained is the maintenance material to be used for this type of floor, although paste or liquid wax can also be used. 0. VinyL tile may be of the following types: 1. Vinyl asbestos tile is composed of vinyl resins, asbestos, plasticizers, and fillers. This is a full thickness tile. 2. Vinyl tile is composed of vinyl resins, plasticizers, pigments, and fillers, and is a full thickness material. 3. Vinyl backed tile has the same composition as vinyl tile but is thinner and is laminated to a backing material. All vinyl tiles are tough, chemically inert, insoluble, colorless, odorless, and thermoplastic. As in asphalt and linoleum tiles, excess of water should be avoided. as it will penetrate between the tiles or seams, loosen the adhesive, and eventu- ally warp the flooring. Abrasives should not be used, ~as vinyl is relatively soft and can be permanently scratched by this treatment. Water-emulsion wax, liquid or paste solvent wax, and resin or plastic coatings may be used as maintenance materials for vinyl floors. D. Rubber tile is made from rubber, pigments, and filler. It is unaffected by water, although an excess will cause the tiles to loosen from the floor. Strong soaps, solvents, paste, or liquid waxes will damage the floor in the same manner as the asphalt tile. Water-emulsion floor wax is the recommended maintenance material. El. Wood floors should not come In contact with water in any form, particularly if they are not tightly sealed. Water causes the wood to warp, and the grain to swell and splinter, so that a rough, uneven floor results. Water will, likewise, seep between the boards rusting the nails, and this may cause the boards to become loose. Iron salts found in the water from contact with pipes or cans will react with the tannin found in the hard wood such as oak and form iron tannate which is the principal ingredient of many black inks. This causes the wood to turn dark. Solvent paste and liquid waxes should be used exclusively for wood floors. F. Terrazzo or marble floors may be waxed, but this practice is not recom- mended, as it tends to make the floor slippery. G. Cork flooring is made from bark of the cork oak tree. The cork is ground and heat cured under pressure. Natural and synthetic resins are the binding materials. The surface is given a finish of wax or resin. Cork floors are very soft and are permanently damaged by heavy loading. Furniture rests should be used under desks and similar furniture to avoid indentation and fracture of the tile. Abrasives of any kind should be avoided. Mild or neutral cleaners only may be used, as high alkaline materials will cause embrittlement, whitening and general deterioration. Liquid or paste solvent wax is recommended. Proper floor maintenance depends on many factors including the standard of appearance desired, traffic conditions, and the type of flooring itself. There are three distinct phases of good floor care. These are (1) stripping, or surface preparatiQn prior to waxing, (2) application of the wax or polish, and (3) regular maintenance. ~tripping Stripping is the removal of dirt and all previous wax applications from the floor. If wax is applied over dirt, that dirt will remain under the new film of wax as long as it remains on the floor. Old wax must likewise be removed to avoid wax buildup This condition can most readily be seen in corners and near baseboards and is marked by a noticeable discoloration of the floor covering. The removal of the old wax film is most easily accomplished by the use of a good wax remover and machine scrubbing. Prior to applying the wax remover, the entire area to be stripped should be dust mopped or vacuum cleaned to remove as much dirt as possible. Gum and similar materials should be loosened and removed with a putty knife. The GSA waxes are so built as to provide easy removability. The regular concentration wax removers are stocked in all GSA warehouses and comply with the requirements of Federal Specification P-R-201. The remover is avail- able in regular and high concentration. When diluted in accordance with the instructions, both concentrations result in identical products. PAGENO="0236" 232 The cleaning solution should be applied to the floor in sufficient quantity so that it will not begin to dry for at least 15-20 minutes. It is left on the floor for about 10 mhiutes to enable the cleaner to chemically react with the old wax film. A too liberal application or a too long soaking period is not desired, as the excess of water may result in loosening or warping of the tiles. The soaked area should be scrubbed with an electric machine equipped with a suitable scrubbing brush or a No. 2 or No. 3 steel wool pad. The steel wool pad should be slightly smaller than the brush to prevent splashing. Immediately after scrubbing and while the floor is still wet, the mixture of cleaner, dissolved wax, and dirt should be picked up with a vacuum pickup or a wrung-out mop. It is ~~xtremely important that the cleaning solution be completely removed from the floor. Rinse water is applied to the floor before it begins to dry and again picked up with a mop or vacuum. It may be necessary to repeat the rinsing operation several times to insure complete removal of the cleaning solution. When there has been an excessive amount of wax and dirt on the floor, it may be necessary to repeat the cleaning application, scrubbing, and mopping in order that all wax and dirt be removed from the floor. A clean floor should have a dull appearance, but retain the natural depth of color and general appearance of the original floor. It should show no sign of whitening or haze as this indicates the presence of reemulsified wax, incomplete removal, or insufficient rinsing. Application The number of coats of wax applied will vary with the type and condition of flooring, amount of traffic, and the appearance desired. Normally, two or more thin coats are better than one heavy coat. The first coat acts as a seal, and the subsequent coat or coats bring out the highly desirable wax finish. Buffing after each application is recommended. The best method for applying water emulsion floor wax on large areas is with a clean 16 to 20 ounce cotton strand mop. The mop is saturated with wax and then wrung out, not thoroughly dry but only to the point where the bottom strands no longer drip. The mop should not be agitated in the wax, as this causes foaming which in turn causes bubble marks and streaking. The use of a mechanical wringer is not recommended for the same reason. A thin coat of wax is applied as evenly as possible by mopping with straight side to side strokes, leaving no visible dry or excessively wet areas. The floor will appear milky or bluish where too much wax has been applied. Bubbles and drips should be wiped away. Bubbles will eventually dry and form craters, and drips ~vil1 form bumps. If more wax is needed, the whole mop should not be placed in the bucket but at the side, leaving the lower part of the strands outside and only the head of the mop in the wax. When the mop is removed, the wax will run evenly down the strands without dripping if the proper quantity has been applied to the head. After a few trials, an operator will become skillful in getting just the right amount of wax onto the mop head and should have no difficulty with this part of the job. On smaller areas, or where there are obstacles such as office furniture, a lambswool block-type applicator may be used. The wax is placed in a shallow pan wider than the length of the applicator. The applicator should be dipped into the wax and the surplus removed by sliding the lambswool over the edge of the pan on each side. The wax is then applied with long, even, back and forth strokes of the applicator. If a lambswood applicator is not available or is not preferred for the smaller floors, a short strand dry mop can be used. A shallow pan is used, the same as for the lambswool applicator, and care should be taken to insure that the mop is clean and water dampened prior to waxing. The short strand mop is used in the same manner as the lambswool applicator except that the mop has an advantage in that it can be stroked from side to side in addition to being pushed and pulled. After the first coat has completely dried, it should be mechanically buffed with a brush. The surface is then ready for the next coat which * * * clear, and changed as frequently as necessary. Black heel rr -~-~ ~e not t~ by damp mopping n-~-- -~--- -`---~ by ~--~- wit~- - steel wool under the a coat of wax may be The third step in m~ The entire area ~ ingbyi - bring out the PAGENO="0237" 233 In place of damp mopping, dry cleaning may be used for soil removal. A No. 0 or No. I steel wool disc is used with a floor machine which should be moved quickly over the floor. Dust removal is necessary after dry cleaning to remove the loosened soil and wax, but buffing may sometimes be eliminated because of the burnishing action of the steel wool. A recent development along these lines, which is giving good results, is the use of a nylon pad in place of the steel wool disc. There are several variations possible in the damp mopping procedure that have merit under certain conditions. A detergent can be added to the cold water to help remove dirt during mopping. Another common practice is to add a little wax to the water. This very thin film probably increases the gloss after buffing, but it should be used sparingly to avoid excessive wax buildup. When it becomes evident that the damp mopping and light scrubbing no longer remove the soil, the floor must again be stripped, waxed, and buffed in order to restore it to the original safe, good appearing, long wearing surface. If proper attention is paid to sweeping, damp mopping and buffing, and surface cleaning, the stripping and waxing cycle need be accomplished less frequently with sub- stantial saving in time and materials. PAGENO="0238" EXHIBIT 4 One example of the many specifications prepared by the military for Govern- ment use only and containing valuable consumer information relates to resilient floor coverings. Information thought to beof most value to consumers has been Italicized. DEPARTMENT OF THE NAVY BUREAU OF YARDS AND DOCKS Type Specification TS-F17, February 28,1964, Superseding TS-RF1 Type specifications shall not be referenced but are to be used as manuscripts In preparing project specifications. Appropriate changes and additions as may be necessary and as required by the notes must be made. Numbers In parentheses -e.g., "(2) "-in right-hand margin refer to corresponding notes at end of speci- fication. Resilient Floor Coverings 1. Scope.-This section includes resilient floor coverings, complete. (N) 2. Applicable documents. (N)-The following specifications and standards of the issues listed in this paragraph (including the amendments, addenda, and errata designated), but referred to hereinafter by basic designation only, form a part of this specification to the extent required by the references thereto. (See paragraph entitled "Specifications and Standards" in sec. 1 for additional infor- mation.) (8) 2.1. Federal speciflcations.-(N) L-F-450 Flooring, vinyl plastic. L-T-345 Tile, floor, vinyl-asbestos. O-P-106 Paste, linoleum. P-W-155 - Wax, floor, water-emulsion, slip resistant. SS-A-128 Adhesive, asphalt, cutback type (for asphalt tile). SS-A-138 Adhesive; asphalt, water emulsion type (for asphalt tile). SS-~A-701 Asphalt primer (for) roofing and waterproofing. SS-T-306 Tile, floor, asphalt. SS-T-301 . Tile, floor, rubber. LLL-L--351 Linoleum, battleship. LLL-L-367 Linoleum, plain, jaspe and marbleized. 8. Requirements.- 3.1. General.-The provision of all asphalt tile, vinyl-asbestos tile, homogeneous vinyl tile, homogeneous vinyl roll, rubber tile, linoleum, cove base ,and all materials indicated, specified, or necessary for a complete and finished installation is included. Floor covering work shall not be started until the work of other trades, lnc~uding painting, - but excluding movable partition work Is suibstantlally completed. Spaces In which floor covering work is to be performed shall be maintained at not less than 70° F. at the floor level for at least 48 hours prior to starting the work, during the time work is performed, and for at least 48 hours after the work is completed. Adequate ventilation shall be provided to remove moisture and fumes from the area. Two current copies of `the floor covering manufacturer's recommended standard installation procedure for each type of floor covering material shall be submitted for approval before the work is started. 3.2. Materials shall be delivered to the job in the manufacturers' original un- opened containers, with the brands and names clearly marked thereon. (R) All materials shall be carefully handled and shall be stored in their original containers at not less than 70° F. for at least 24 hours before work is started. Containers shall not be opened until approved. Floor coverings shall be provided in colors as selected from manufacturer's standard colors. Borders, feature strips, and other accessories indicated or necessary shall be the standard products of the manufacturer of the floor covering, as approved. The color `and pattern of tile shall be uniformly distributed throughout the thickness of the tile. (284) PAGENO="0239" 235 3.2.1. Asphalt tile, 11~-inch thick, 9 by 9 inches -, - percent 0 group ______ - percent D group cork and terrazzo styles conforming to specifications SS-H-306, shall be provided . Borders shall be of B group tile. 3.2.2. Vinyl asbestos tile, 1/8-lnch thick, 9 by 9 inches, conforming to speclilca- tion L-T-345, shall be provided 3.2.3. Homogeneous vinyl plastic tile, ~-inch thIck, 9 by 9 Inches, In marbleized plain and terrazzo effects, and conforming to specifica- tion L-F-450, type II, shall be provided 3.2.4. Homogeneous vinyl plastic roll, 1/5-inch thick, not less than 45 Inches wide, marbleized plain and terrazzo effects, conforming to specication L-F--450, type II, shall be provided -. 3.2.5. Battleship linoleum, 1,~-inch thick, not less than 72-inches wide, and conforming to specification LLL.-L--351 shall be provided 3.2.6. Linoleum, 1/5-inch thick, not less than 72-inches wide, and conforming to specification LL-L-367, class A (plain) class B (jaspe) class C (marbleized) , shall be provided . (R) 3.2.7. Rubber tile, 1/8-inch thIck, 6 by 6 9 by 9 inches, con- forming to specifications ZZ-P-301, shall be provided 3.2.8. Rubber cove base, top set type 4 6 inches high, 1/~~ inch thick, black plain colors marbleized colors, con- forming to the applicable portions of specification ZZ-T--301, shall be pro- vided . Base shall be the standard product of the manufacturer of the floor covering, and shall be sufficiently flexible to conform to irregularities in walls, partitions, and floors. Molded corners shall be provided for all right-angle external and internal corners. 3.2.9. Vinyl cove base, top set type, 4 6 inches, high 1/8-inch thick, in black color, conforming to the applicable portions of specification L-F-450, shall be provided . Base shall be the standard product of the manufacturer of the floor covering, and shall be suf- ficiently flexible to conform to irregularities in walls, partitions, and floors. Molded corners shall be provided for all right-angle external and internal corners 3.2.10. Felt lining shall be saturated or semisaturated asphalt rag felt weigh- ing not less than 1 pound per square yard, as recommended by the floor covering manufacturer. 3.2.11. Linoleum paste shall conform to specification O-.P-106. 3.2.12. Primer, cut back type, shall conform to specification SS-A-701. 3.2.13. Asphalt adhesive, cut back type, shall conform to specification SS-~ A-128. 3.2.14. Asphalt adhesive, emulsion type, shall conform to specification SS- A-138. 3.2.15. Water-emulsion waco shall conform to specification P-W-155. 3.2.16. Metal edging strips shall be of aluminum or other light-colored non- ferrous metal, as approved. 3.3. Preparation of subftoors. 3.3.1. Subfloors that are to receive floor coverings shall be clean, thoroughly dry, smooth, firm, and sound; and they shall be free from springiness, oil, dirt, curing compounds, or other deleterious material. Subfioors shall be swept, vacuumed, and damp mopped when necessary to remove dust and soil; and shall be scrubbed with a strong-detergent solution, thoroughly rinsed, and spot primed, when necessary to remove oil or grease stains. 3.3.2. Concrete subfloors. (9)-All ridges shall be ground smooth, and all small holes and all cracks less than 1/~ inch shall be filled with an approved plastic material. Large holes or depressions shall be filled with a mastic-type underlayment, trowled on to a smooth surface. All cracks ½o-ineh or wider shall be cut out and filled with a nonshrlnking cement mortar. Chalky or dusty surfaces shall be primed with an approved primer, recommended by the floor covering manufacturer. 3.3.3. Wood subfloors. (10)-Knot holes, cracks wider than one-eighth inch, and holes larger than one-quarter inch In diameter shall be filled with an approved wood filler. All ridges or other uneven surfaces shall be planed, scraped, or sanded smooth. Nail heads shall be flu~h or set slightly. 3.3.4. Felt lining shall `be provided over wood subfloors. Felt shall be care- fully cut around vertical surfaces, and seams in felt shall be `butted, with stag- gered cross seams. Linoleum paste shall be spread with a fine notched trowel at PAGENO="0240" 236 the rate of 125 to 150 square feet per gallon. The felt shall be rolled into the paste with a three-section roller, weighing not less than 100 pounds, in order to remove air bubbles and secure complete adhesion. 3.3.5. Moisture test for new suspended concrete subfloors, or new sub/loot's on grade which have been mem~brane waterproofed. (N) (11)-A relative hu- mIdity meter placed on a concrete surface under a polyethylene sheet, sealed at the edges with tape or adhesive, shall be used to evaluate the moisture condi- tion of suspended concrete. The test shall be run for 24 hours. A reading of 80 percent RH or lower will indicate satisfactory dryness. The test shall be repeated at weekly intervals until the RH is 80 percent or lower. 3.3.6. Moisture test for sub/loot's on or below grade, to which asphalt or vinyl-asbestos tile is to be applied.-After subfloors have been properly cleaned, small patches of primer shall be spread in `several locations in each room and allowed to dry or "set" overnight. If the "set" primer can `be peeled easily from the subfloor, the floor is n'ot sufficiently dry. The test shall `be repeated at weekly intervals until the primer adheres properly. When the primer adheres tightly to the snbfloor, the tile shall be applied. 3.4. Application.- 3.4.1. Application of floor coverings.-Floor covering's and accessories shall be applied in accordance with the approved installation procedure. Work shall be performed by workmen thoroughly experienced in the application of such coverings. Adhesives shall be the type specified or the type recommended by manufacturer of the floor coverings for the specific application, subject to approval. Adhesives shall be applied in accordance with the adhesive manufac- turers' printed directions, unless specified or directed otherwise. Floor covering shall be applied in the patterns indicated or selected, starting in the center of the room or area, and working from the center toward the edges `or borders. Tile lines and joints shall be kept square, symmetrical, tight, and even; and each floor shall be in a true, level plane, except where indicated as sloped. Border width shall vary as necessary to maintain full-size tiles in the field, but no border tile shall be less than one-half the field tile `size. Floor covering shall be cut to, and fitted around, all permanent fixtures, built-in furniture and cabi- nets, pipes, and outlets. Borders shall be cut, fitted and scribed to walls and partitions after field covering has been applied. A small section of the floor cov- ering under each leg of floor type radiators shall be cut out, and a corrosion- resistant metal washer or shim, of the same `thickness as the floor covering, shall be inserted in the cut. (12) Metal edging shall be provided where floor covering terminates at points higher than the contiguous finished flooring, except at door- ways where thresholds are provided. The strips shall `be anchored to concrete floors with countersunk screws into metal or fiber expansion sleeves. 3,4.2. Application of asphalt tile and vinyl-asbestos tile.-Ooncrete suhfloors on or below grade shall be primed with a cutback-type primer worked into the surface of the concrete, using the minimum quantity that will cover the surface completely with a nona'hsorptive base. Primer `shall be allowed to become thor- oughly dry before adhesive is applied. Cutback adhesive shall be applied t'o primed concrete s~bfioors, an'd cutback or emulsion-type adhesive shall be applied to suspended concrete subfloors and felt-covered wood subfloors. Tile shall be carefully laid in the `selected pattern, an'd fitted so that each tile is in contact with the adjoining tiles, and all joints are tight and in alinement. 3.4.3. Application of vinyl plastic rubber tile.-Vinyl plastic rubber tile shall be laid in adhesive applied to concrete subfloors or felt-covered wood sub- floors. Pile shall be carefully lai'd in the selected pattern, and fitted so that each tile is in contact with the adjoining tiles and all joints are tight and i~ - - ;. Immediately after t.' ~ has - shall~ ;ecti rwei dl lci PAGENO="0241" 237 embedded in a waterproof adhesive, spread approximately 4 inches from seams and edges. Seams shall be rolled thoroughly and weighted with handbags, where necessary, to insure complete adhesion. 3.4.5. Application of rubber or vinyl cove base (14).-Rubber or vinyl cove base shall be applied after flooring has been completed, and the wall surface, to which the base is to be applied, is thoroughly dry. All cracks and voids in the wall shall be filled with an approved crack filler. Special base adhesive, as recommended by the floor-covering manufacturer, shall be applied to the back of the base with a notched trowel, leaving approximately l%-inch bare space along the top edge of base. The base shall immediately be pressed firmly against the wall and moved gently into place, making sure that the toe is in contact with the floor and the wall. The entire surface of the base shall be rolled with a hand roller, and then the toe of the base shall be pressed firmly against the wall with a straight piece of wood. Corners shall be formed with factory preformed corners, by mitering base, or by forming sections of base on the job. 3.5. Cleaning.-Immediately upon completion of the installation in a room or an area, floors and adjacent surfaces shall be dry cleaned with an approved cleaner to remove surplus adhesive. No soon than 5 days after installation, floors shall be washed with an approved nonalkaline cleaning solution, rinsed thor- oughly with clear cold water, and waxed with two coats of water-emulsion wax, buffed to an even luster with an electric polishing machine after each coat. NOTES ON THE USE OF THIS SPECIFICATION 1. Paragraphs marked (N) are new and were not included in PS-RF1. Para- graphs marked (R) are revisions of paragraphs included in TS-RF1. Sugges- tions for improvement of type specifications will be welcomed and should be forwarded to the Bureau of Yards and Docks, code 41.230. 2. Greaseproof asphalt tile, conductive solid vinyl tile, fire-retardant vinyl asbestos tile, nonslip tile (asphalt or vinyl asbestos), cork tile, and linoleum tile are not included in this specification. Appropriate paragraphs must be Included in the project specification when these are required. 3. For slabs in contact with the earth, but not waterproofed; for suspended slabs at or below grade, but not waterproofed (vapor barrier beneath slab is not considered waterproofing), specify only: a. Asphalt tile. b. Vinyl-asbestos tile. 4. For slabs in contact with the earth and waterproofed with a membrane In accordance with 7Y; for suspended slabs at or below grade and waterproofed with a membrane in accordance with 7Y, specify only: a. Asphalt tile. b. Vinyl-asbestos tile. c. Rubber tile. d. Vinyl tile. 5. For suspended floors above grade with ventilated areas below slab, specify only: a. Asphalt tile. b. Vinyl-asbestos tile. c. Rubber tile. d. Vinyl tile or roll. e. Linoleum. 6. For floors containing radiant heating, specify only: a. Asphalt tile. b. Vinyl-asbestos tile. c. Rubber tile (with special adhesives). d. Vinyl tile (with special adhesives). S Donot specify rubber tile or vinyl tile unless the conditions stated in paragraph 4or 5 are also complied with. 7. The surfaces of lightweight concrete slabs tend to be too weak to support the bond of the adhesives for resilient flooring; therefore the lightweight concrete floors less than 90 pounds per cubic foot density specify a 1-inch topping of standard concrete in the "Concrete Construction" section of the project specifica- tion, and specify only: a. Asphalt tile. b. Vinyl-asbestos tile. c. Rubber tile. d. Vinyl tile. PAGENO="0242" 238 8. Paragraph 2. Applicable documents.-The current edition designation of all documents shall be inserted In this paragraph. The current Issue of NavDocks "Index of Specifications Used in Contracts for Public Works," "Department of Defense Index of Specifications and Standards," and Industry document indexes should be consulted. When an Interim or uncoordinated Federal or military specification is referenced, the proper designation therefor should be Included; for example, SS-S-00200 (GSA-FSS), MIL-C-18480 (DOCKS). The current amendment, addenda, or errata number for yards and docks, Federal, and mili- tary specifications shall be Inserted immediately following the specification or current edition designation; for example, M1L-B-7883A(1). It is not necessary to include addresses where documents may be obtained; however, It may be desirable to do so for documents which are not well known. 9. Paragraph 3.3.2. Concrete subfloors.-Specify in the "Concrete Construc- tion" section of the specification, vapor barriers and gravel fill under subfioor on grade; dusted on finish on subfioors; prohibition of the use of curing compounds, hardeners, sealers, or any other substance which would interfere with the bond- ing of the adhesive. 10. Paragraph 3.3.3. Wood subfloors.-Speclfy underlayment over wood sub- floors in the "Carpentry" and "Woodwork" section of the specification; specify both underlayment and felt over wood subfioors. 11. Paragraph 3.3.5. Moisture test, et cetera.-A meter suitable for this test is the relative humidity indicator which may be obtained from Abbeon Supply Co., 17D~-45K Jamaica Avenue, Jamaica, N.Y. 12. Paragraph 3.4.1. Application of floor coverings.-Indicate edging and thresholds on project drawings; specify thresholds In "Hardware" section of the project specification. 18. Paragraph 3.4.4. App tication of l'inoieum or vinyl plastic roll flooring.- Specify locations where waterproof seams are desired; specify waterproof seams only in areas subject to abnormal surface moisture. 14. Paragraph 3.4.5. Application of rubber or vinyl core base.-When cove base Is to be applied to plaster walls, specify in the "Plastering" section~ of the specification that the final coat of plaster shall extend to, and be finished square with the floor. 3.6. Frotection.-Cieaned flooring shall be covered with clean building paper before traffic is permitted. Board or plywood walkways shall be placed on floors used as passageways by workmen, and where directed. 4. QuaUty assurance provisions.- 4.1. Samples.-Duplicate sets of the manufacturer's standard color chips, not less than 3 by 3 inches, showing typical color, finish, and surface pattern of each type of floor covering, shall be submitted for color selection prior to the sub- mission of samples. The following samples of floor covering materials In the colors selected shall be submitted for approval before the work is started: a. Field tiles, three of each type. b. Borders, three 9-inch lengths of each type. c. Sheet coverings, two 12~ by 12-Inch pieces of each type. 0 PAGENO="0243" PAGENO="0244"