PAGENO="0001" THE NORTH CASCADES Part I HEARINGS BEFORE THE SUBCOMMITTEE ON NATIONAL PARKS AND RECREATION OF THE COMMITTEE ON INTERIOR AND INSULAR AFFAIRS HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES NINETIETH CONGRESS SECOND SESSION ON H.R. 8970 and related bills A BILL TO ESTABLISH THE NORTH CASCADES NATIONAL PARK AND ROSS LAKE NATIONAL RECREATION AREA, TO DESIGNATE THE PASAYTEN WILDERNESS AND TO MODIFY THE GLACIER PEAK WILDERNESS, IN THE STATE OF WASHINGTON, AND FOR OTHER PURPOSES HEARINGS HELD IN SEATTLE, WASH.,. APRIL 19 AND 29, 1968- Serial No. 90-24 Printed for the use of the Committee on Interior and Insular Affairs 0 U.S. GOVERNMENT PRINTING OFFICE 98-5240 WASHINGTON : 1968 PAGENO="0002" COMMITPEID ON INP1~RIOR AND INSULAR AFFAIRS Houss or REPRESENTATIVES WAYNE N. ASPINALL, Colorado, Chairman JAMES A. HALEY, Florida ED EDMONDSON, Oklahoma WALTER S. BARING, Nevada ROY A. TAYLOR, North Carolina HAROLD P. JOHNSON, California HUGH L. CAREY, New York M0RRrS K. UDALL, Arizona PHILLIP BURTON, California JOHN V. TUNNEY, california THOMAS S. FOLEY, Washington RICHARD WHITE, Texas ROBERT W. KARTENMEIER, Wisconsin JAMES G. O'HARA, Michigan WILLIAM F. RYAN, New York PATSY P. MINK, Hawaii JAMES KEE, West Virginia LLOYD MEEDS, Washington ABRAHAM KAZEN, JR., Texas SANTIAGO POLANCO-ABREU, Resident Commissioner, Puerto Rico HAROLD T. JOHNSON HUGH L. CAREY MORRIS K. UDALL RICHARD WHITE ROBERT W. KASTENMEIER JAMES G. O'HARA WILLIAM F. RYAN PATSY P. MINK ABRAHAM KAZE.N, JR. JOHN P. SAYLOR, Pennsylvania, Ranking Minority Member B. V. BERRY, South Dakota CRAIG HOSMER, California JOE SKUBITZ, Kansas LAURENCE J. BURTON, Utah ROGERS C. B. MORTON, Maryland WENDELL WYATT, Oregon GEORGE V. HANSEN, Idaho ED REINECKE, ~aiifornla, THEODORE H. KUPFERMAN, New York JOHN KYL, Iowa SAM STEIGER, Arizona hOWARD W. POLLOCK, Alaska JAMES A. McCLURE, Idaho NATIONAL PARKS AND RECREATION ROY A. TAYLOR, Chairman JOE SKUBITZ ROGERS C. B. MORTON THEODORE R. KUPFERMAN JOHN KYL SAM STEIGER HOWARD W. POLLOCK JAMES A. McCLURE SIDNEY L. MCFARLAND, Profes8ional staff Director P. RICHARD WITMER, Counsel P. RICHARD WITMER, Consultant on National Parks and Recreation Note: The chairman, Hon. Wayne N, Aspinall, and the ranking minority member, Hon. John P. Saylor, are ex officio members of each subcommittee. (II) PAGENO="0003" CONTENTS Hearings held in the main ballroom, Benjamin Franklin Hotel, Seattle, Wash.- April 19, 1968: Page Morning session 1 Afternoon session 165 April 20, 1968: Morning session - 299 Afternoon session 388 Hearings held in the Plymouth Room, Benjamin Franklin Hotel, Seattle, Wash.- April 19, 1968: Afternoon session 491 April 20, 1968: Morning session 577 Afternoon session 629 Appendix.. 735 Text of: H.R. 8970 2 H.R. 12139 12 H.R. 16252 32 S. 1321 40 Report of the Department of the Interior 52 Statements: Aagaard, George N., M.D 587 Abbott, Donald, Seattle, Wash 743 Abrams, Jack, presenting statement of Ed Winslow, chairman of the Board of Okanogan County Commissioners 102 Ahern Dr. James J 729 Allan, A. D., representing the North Central Washington Sportsmen's Council 361 Allen, Frank, Stillaguamish Tribe of Indians 703 Almskaar, Roger 258 Alton, Will B., Spokane Chamber of Commerce, as presented by Nicholas J. Kirkmire 217 Amstutz, Roger 287 Anderson, George, Seattle, Wash 555 Anderson, Lloyd 707 Anderson, Neil P 713 Angell, James K., Jr., representing Mazamas Club, Portland, Oreg. - - 397 Anschell, Joel 642 Anseli, Dr. and Mrs. Julian 728 Ardiss, W. T., chemistry instructor, Spokane Community College~ - 712 Armstrong, Richard 251 Arnot, Mildred E., Arlington, Wash 574 Asplund, Bill, Wenatchee, Wash 596 Babcock, Vern, president, King County Outdoor Sports CounciL - - - 268 Bailey, H. H 483 Baldwin, Robert, Port Angeles, Wash 643 Bayne, Richard, Olympia, Wash 416 Beard, Daniel, graduate student, University of Washington 509, 573 Beck, Hon. C. W., Representative, Washington House of Represent- atives 71 Beck, Theodore R., Seattle, Wash 467 Becker, Dr. Robert, Renton, Wash 511 Bennett, Nelson, president, Pacific Northwest Ski Areas Association - 176 Benshoof, Miss Margret E 664 Benson, Lorena Laura 705 Benz, L., representing Valumines, Inc 357 (lit') PAGENO="0004" Iv Statements-Continued Page Berger, Bonita J 731 Bethel, James S., Dean, College of Forest Resources, University of Washington 736 Betten, Carl B 238 Bevan, Donald E., representing Seattle Chapter of the Izaak Walton League 153 Bicknell, James N., University of Washington 709 Biggs, John A., director, Washington State Department of Game~ - 68 Bishop, Victor Bloedel, Prentice - 712 Blonk, flu, editor and operator and manager of the Wenatchee Daily World 319 Bluechel, Alan, Representative, Washington House of Representa- tives Boddy, Sam, Jr., representing the Chelan County Industrial Develop- ment Council, as presented by Bob Hartley 305 Booth, William, Seattle, Wash 530 Bouchard, Thomas 605 Boulton, Wm. S 716 Boyd, Roger, Darrington School Board of Directors 402 Bradley, Philip 498 Brewster, Gary 720 Brezina, Ed, Tacoma Sportsmen's Club 263 Broad, Dr. Carter, chairman, biology department, Western Washing- ton State College, Bellingham, Wash 236 Brooker, Ellen E 430 Brooks, R. J., the Chemithon Corp., Seattle, Wash 218 Brown, Mrs. Cynthia 651 Brown, Edwin H., Bellingham, Wash 406 Brown, Frances F 730 Brown, Kenneth G., Spokane, Wash 717 Brown, Mrs. Marie 725 Browning, Robert, representing the Post~Intelligencer 317 Brucker, Thomas, Mercer Island, Wash 531 Brugman, Joe, Kirkland, Wash 765 Bucher, Dr. John, Seattle, Wash 429 Burger, Rev. Robert F., Port Townsend, Wash 535 Burger, Stephen, lecturer, Department of Biochemistry, University of Washington 456 Bush, David ~ 624 Bush, Mrs. Margaret E 622 Cairns, Eldon C., McKinleyville, Calif 748 Calvin, William, Seattle, Wash 504 Campbell, William N 658, 704 Carey, S. P., Bremerton, Wash 458 Carpp, Charles W 487 Cary, William J., Jr., manager, forestry information, Western Wood Products Association 167 Castles, William, superintendent, Mount Baker Schools, Deming, Wash 114 Cater, Ralph 583 Chilton, William Scott, Seattle, Wash 563 Christianson, Robert 0., Spokane, Wash 704 Christensen, Mrs. Frances 566 Citron, Victor 572 Claire, Robert J., president, Olympic Outdoor Sportsmen's Associa- tion, Inc 396 Clare, Paul, representing Ptarmigans Mountaineering and Outdoor Club 402 Coe, Tom, Seattle, Wash 466 Cole, Bert L., Commissioner of Public Lands, State of Washington- - 61 Cole, Robert, Olympia, Wash 437 Collins, Joseph, Spokane Camera Club 650, 707 Conley, Miss Ruth 432 Cook, Mrs. Anne J Cook, Paul, Jr., biology department, Seattle University `696 PAGENO="0005" V Statements-Continued Page Cornwall, Edwin P., Seattle, Wash 486 Couler, Mrs. Jean, Mrs. Arnal Kisor, and Mrs. Rynoldine Sandall 729 Coulter, Kenneth B., Seattle, Wash 500 Courtney, Mr., Stehekin, Wash 555 Crandell, Grace B - 612 Crenchaw, Charles 573 Crocker, Clifford C., representing the Mount Baker Hiking Club - - - 387 Crofton, Eugene L - 657 Cross, H.L., on behalf of the Wildlife Committee of Washington 351 Cross, Stuart G., representing the Yosemite Park & Curry Co 156 Dalglish, Thomas K., Ellensburg, Wash 571 Dalle-Molle, John 686 Dalton, Bob, Port Angeles, Wash 411 Darvill, Dr. F. T., Mount Vernon, Wash 747 Davidson, James D 612 Davison, Robert T 278 Demers, Richard A 722 Dengler, Dr. George W., North King County 563 Denney, Evan, graduate student, University of Washington 415 Des Chene, Raymond J., Bellevue, Wash 561 Deschner, Laura B 729 Dickerson, Mark 0., graduate student, University of Washington~. 620 Dolstad, Mrs. ma, Vashon Island, Wash 522 Doph, Mrs. Adelsa, Everett, Wash 505 Duemmel, James, Bellingham, Wash 406 Dutro, Debbie, Port Angeles, Wash 676 Dyer, Pauline T., Seattle, Wash 289 Edwards, Jonathan 662 Edwards, John, biologist, New Zealand 570 Eichelsdoerfer, Mrs. E. T 522 Ekstedt, Edward 725 Emerson, Richard M 622 England, George, legislative chairman, Washington Farm Forestry Association 335 Englebright, B. G., Anacortes, Wash 242 Entrikin, Joe, manager, Whatcom County Development Council, Inc~ 343 Epstein, Jesse, president, the Mountaineers 352 Erickson, Mrs. Gene, president, Wedgwood PTA 728 Evans, Brook, representing the Federation of Western Outdoor Clubs (plus tables) 119 Evans, Hon. Daniel J., Governor, State of Washington 75 Report and recommendations plus letter to Senator Henry M. Jackson 82 Fager, Dr. Donald B., Wenatchee, Wash 597 Fans, Mrs. Robert 722 Fickeisen, Frank 224 Fike, Miss Sheryl, Seattle, Wash 464 Fleming, Mrs. Martha, presented by James Martell 235 Flerchinger, Francis, Olympia, Wash 447 Fluharty, Dave 496 Foley, Hon. Thomas S., a Representative in Congress from the State of Washington 60 Foss, Hal, Yakima, Wash 741 Fowler, Bradley C., president, University of Washington Climbing Club 179 Franklin, David E., student, University of Washington 341 Froude, Miss Ruth 484 Fulle, Floyd, Bellevue, Wash 625 Gallagher, Leo, Tacoma, Wash 267, 295 Garing, Mrs. Nancy 501 Gerstie, John H., Seattle, Wash 236 Gessel, Stanley P., chairman, Puget Sound section, Society of Amer- ican Foresters, as presented by William Catlow 165 Giese, Thomas G., Reed College, Portland, Oreg 743 Gilbert, Cragg D., Yakima, Wash 332 Gilbreath, Bessie L 280 Glenn, Mrs. Jeanne, Burien, Wash S 552 PAGENO="0006" VI Statements-Continued Goldsworthy, Patrick D., president, North Cascades Conservation Page Council (plus tables and maps) 181 Goring, John, presented by Mrs. John Goring 227 Gosline, George, resident of Hawaii 292 Gosnell, Gene, president, Renton Fish & Game Club, Inc 395 Graham, Archie, West Seattle Sportsmen's Club 537 Greene, Robert Q 723 Greninger, Mrs. Charles A., representing the Daughters of the Pio- neers of Washington 329 Grimlund, Gordon, Seattle, Wash 722 Ground, Tone 714 Guay,RogerL 453 Gulbran, Edward, Seattle, Wash 606 Gunning, Robert L., representing Boeing Employees' Alpine Society. 381 Hafner, Willy, Bellevue, Wash 472 Hagenstein, W.D., executive vice president, Industrial Forestry As- sociation, Portland, Oreg 321 Haig, Mrs. Neil, Seattle Audubon Society 272 Ham, James 618 Haley, Charles 567 Halliday, Dr. William 692 Hamilton, Floyd, Seattle, Wash 605 Hancock, Mrs. Joan, Portland, Oreg 478 Hansen, Mrs. Louise B., president, Okanogan Chamber of Commerce - 307 Harris, C.M., president, Chelan Box & Manufacturing Co., Inc 385 Harrison, Donald C 434 Harsh, Cecil J., employee, University of Washington 719 Harvey, Michelle 706 Hayes, Bernard R 246 Heckt, Mrs. Kathleen, Spokane, Wash 590 Hellyer, David Reagan 629 Helton, Rex 628 Henderson, Mrs. Dorothy, Seattle, Wash 525 Henderson, Stephen 621 Henriot, James F., Tacoma, Wash 470 Hessey, Charles D., Jr., representing the Cascadians 331 Hibbard, Wayne A., Everett Sportsmen, Inc 446 Higgins, Lee 426 Higgins, Leland, Kirkland, Wash 408 Higley, Orb, representing the North Shore Association, Amanda Park, Wash 355 Hill, Timothy, city councilman, city of Seattle 332 Hilton, Miss Vicky 613 Hinkle, Ben, president, Multiple Use for Cascades 194 Full statement entitle,d, "There's a Monster in Our Mountains" - 196 Hinkle, Gregg, Bellingham, Wash 245 Hobert, H. W 450 Hoffman, Ruth lola, Seattle, Wash 677 Holliday, Mrs. Edith 617 Holliday, Dr. Jay N., Sr., Spokane, Wash 648 Holliday, Jay, Jr., teacher, Spokane Community College 654 Hougen, Conrad, president, Washington Association of Soil and Water Conservation Districts 316 Hubbard, Dr. S. Thatcher, Sr 659 Huckle, Lt. Cob. Myron S., Air Force (retired) 608 Huggins, C. N. (Bill) 688 Hume, Donald B., president, West Coast Mineral Association 313 Huntting, Marshall T., supervisor, Division of Mines and Geology, Washington Department of Natural Resources 62 Irwin, Mrs. Ward J - 568 Isenhour, Thomas L., Ph. D 580 Istas, Mrs. Franklin, Seattle, Wash - 742 Izaak Walton League, Washington chapter, presented by Donald E. Bevan 155 Jacky, Donald W 723 Jenkins, Gordon 538 Jewell, Ruth L., Bremerton, Wash 764 Johnson, Clarence 436 PAGENO="0007" VII Statements-Continued Page Johnson, Herb 700 Johnson, Marc, Spokane, Wash 659 Johnson, Ray E., manager, timber department, West Tacoma News-. print Co 210 Johnson, Roland R 270 Johnson, Mrs. Violet, Everett, Wash 513 Johnson, Dr. William A., chemistry professor, Whitworth College, Spokane, Wash 717 Johnston, Roger, Redmond, Wash 711 Jones, Barbara, Seattle, Wash 723 Jones, Hoiway, Eugene, Oreg 254 Jones, Miss Maxine A., secretary, Lake City Sportsmen's Club 380 Jones, William B., Mount Vernon, Wash 405 Jurs, Peter C., Seattle, Wash 262 Just, Fraser, student, Wenatchee College 614 Kao, Shu 409 Kareken, Francis A., Tacoma, Wash 627 Keegan, John F 710 Keplinger, Clarence, Deming, Wash 276 King, Franklin R., city engineer, Ellensburg, Wash 723 Kinnaird, Douglas W., representing the National 4-Wheel Drive Association (plus code of ethics) 348 Kisor, Mrs. Arnal, Mrs. Jean Couler, Mrs. Rynoldine Sandall 729 Kite, Wayne, representing the Skagit County commissioners 113 Knibb, David G., Seattle, Wash 412 "The Storm Over Thunder Creek," by David G. Knibb 413 Knight, N. M., Jr 557 Kowalski, Bruce R - 261 Kraabel, Paul B 560 Kral, Mrs. Henry J., Everett, Wash 418 Kramer, Lester, president, Washington Alpine Club 319 Kresek, Ray 439 Kruckeberg, Prof. Arthur R., faculty member, University of Wash- ington 600 Lakshas, Mrs. George, president, Maple Leaf PTA 728 Larrick, Alvin P., representing the Richiand Rod & Gun Club, Ino~ - 374 Larson, William H., manager, Washington Forest Protection Associa- tion 159 Latz, Robert N., chairman, Conservation Committee, American Alpine Club 146 LaVigne, Mrs. Angela B 565 Lawhead, Miss Linda Sue, secretary, Reed College Outing Club 341 Lawless, Jim, Bremerton, Wash 479 Lay, Miss Elizabeth 549, 732 Lenihan, William F., representing Outdoors Unlimited, Inc 168 Lennox, W. M 561 Lewis, Bronson J., secretary, American Plywood Association 314 Lewis, Donald Wayne 727 Lightfoot, J. H., president, Lake Chelan Chamber of Commerce, as presented by Bob Hartley 303 Lodewick, Robin, catalog librarian, University of Oregon, Eureka, Oreg 346 Lutz, Mary Lou, Seattle, Wash 487 Lutz, Ralph J., Seattle, Wash 486 Lydiard, Harry L., representing the Olympic Conservation Council - 338 Mabbott, Len H., president, Washington State Sportsmen's Council, Inc 148 Mack, Mrs. George, Seattle, Wash 556 Malloy, William M 724 Maloney, PeterJ 687 Mandt, Hans W., chairman, conservation committee, Puget Sound group of the Sierra Club 294 Mann, Lee, Sedro Woolley, Wash 675 Manning Harvey H., Issaquah, Wash 283 Manuel, ~N1ervin L 719 Marshall, Christine 710 PAGENO="0008" VIII Statements-Continued Page Marshall, Mrs. Louise B., Lynnwood, Wash 508 Martell, James 236 Martin, George, Bremerton, Wash 407 Martin, Vaughn, Port Townsend, Wash 502 Mason, Ray, president, Leschi Improvement Council 729 Mastrogiuseppe, RonaldJ 716 Mayor, F. Douglas, logging manager, Anacortes Veneer, Inc 208 Mays, Clifford E 602 Mazamas Club, Portland, Oreg., presented by James K. Angell, Jr. - 399 McAvoy, Neil R., Kellogg, Idaho 706 McCullough, Lee, as presented by Lester McCullough 474 McCullough, Lester, Everson, Wash 476 McDermott, Dr. Mark N 684 McDermott, Rev. Michael J 428 McElwee, Ermel J., Jr 594 McKinley, Dr. Donald, representing Pacific Northwest Chapter, Sierra Club 358 McKinley, Maude, Portland, Oreg 452 Meeds, Hon. Lloyd, a Representative in Congress from the State of Washington 59 Mehler, George, Anacortes, Skagit County 469 Menzies, Alex, representing the Granite Falls Sportsmen's Club.. - - - 199 Meyring, Max, Lynnwood, chairman, Public Lands Committee, Pacific Northwest Ski Association 471 Millen, Hugh B., presented by Arelia Millen 632 Millen, Mrs. Hugh 484 Miller, George F 231 Miller, Joseph W., Bellevue, Wash 465 Miller, Miss Linda, Seattle, Wash 682 Miller, Mrs. Margaret, Bellevue, Wash 421 Miller, Mrs. Mary E 229 Miller, W. P 429 Milne, James L., representing Skagit Alpine Club of Mount Vernon - 360 Milovsoroff, Peter 673 Moore, Elisabeth 505 Moshofsky, William J., assistant to the president, Georgia-Pacific Corp 137 Muir, Donald 281 Murie, Margaret E., Moose, Wyo., representing the Wilderness Society 143 Murman, Earll, Seattle, Wash 664 Murphy, Dale P., Kellogg, Idaho 706 Murray, Wilford D 715 Myers, Miss Cheryl, Monitor, Wash 611 Namkung, Johsel, Seattle, Wash., presented by Raymond Jones 680 National 4-Wheel Drive Association, submitted by Douglas W. Kinnaird 350 Neddermeyer, Mary 710 Neff, John L., representing the Northwest Mining Association 388 Nelson, Andrew 289 Nelson, John M., superintendent, Department of Lighting, city of Seattle, Wash - 94 Newcomer, Jack, Sedro Woolley, Wash 473 Newhall, Bob, student, University of Washington 693 Newkirk, Marion W., special research assistant, Washington State Grange 131 Newman, Kenneth, Seattle, Wash 437 Newman, Mrs. Margaret 570 Nordstrom, William, Portland, Oreg 485 Nordstrom, Mrs. Wyvonne, Portland, Oreg 442 Noyes, Richard, University of Oregon, Eugene, Oreg 444 Noyes, Mrs. Winninette, representing the Obsidians 345, 348 Oakberg, Lois 282 Oakberg, Robert - 553 Oakberg Theodore 282 Oates, dordon C 731 PAGENO="0009" Ix Statements-Continued Page 0' Coyne, Peggy J 724 Ogilvie, Ellis 271 Ogilvie, Faye M 270 Ogilvie, Miss Mary Ann 462 Olmstead, Donald 539 Olympia Audubon Society, presented by J. M. Peterson, president. - 363 Olympic Outdoor Sportsmen's Association, Inc., presented by Robert J. Claire 396 Orell, Bernard L., vice president, Weyerhaeuser Co 222 Osseward, John 252 Otegham, Frances Van, Seattle, Wash 293 Pacific Logging Congress, Portland, Oreg 771 Pacific Northwest Ski Areas Association, presented by Nelson Bennett.. 177 Paxson, Dr. Chauncey G., Mercer Island, Wash 721 Pearce, John, Bellingham Chamber of Commerce 543 Pearson, Mrs. E. Holger 273 Pearson, Hon. William 0., mayor, city of Sedro Woolley, Wash 105 Pederson, Kent 628 Penhallegon, Ross 599 Peterson, Dean B., Tacoma, Wash 627 Peterson, Miss Thea L 631 Philipp, Steve and Dorothy 575 Platt, Robert T., Portland, Oreg 758 Powers, Mr. and Mrs. James 249 Prahl, Charles G., director of highways, Washington State Highway Commission 772 Prather, Barry 541 Prather, Dan, Seattle, Wash., presented by Allan Sommarstrom 698 Price, Zachary S., Seattle, Wash 440 Prothero, John 433 Pryde, Philip R., Seattle, Wash 645 Pryor, Clifford 492 Pyle, Mrs. Jo-Anne R., student, University of Washington 507 Pyle, Robert M., president, University of Washington Conservation Council 201 Pytkowicz, Dr. Ann 687 Reece, A. L 708 Reney, Miss Inez, Longview, Wash 694 Renny, Ronald B 701 Reser, Phil, student, University of Idaho 520 Richmond, James M 628 Rider, Douglas, president, Spokane Mountaineers 663 Rieke, Dr. Alyson 513 Riley, Mrs. Alan 700 Rivord, William A., Sedro Woolley, Wash 450 Roberts, Arthur M., forest counsel, Western Forestry & Conserva- tion Association 135 Robinson, E. Allen 691 Robinson, Ralph K., secretary-treasurer, Snohomish County Sports- men's Association, as presented by Robert G. Pettie 203 Rohrer, Clarence L., Issaquah, Wash 605 Ronzio, Robert 595 Ropp, Mr. and Mrs. W. Murlie 709 Rose, Norman Je~Usch 582 Roselund, Nels 562 Rosenberg, Ernest A 461 Ross, Mrs. Esther, secretary, Stillaguamish Indian Tribe of Western Washington 404 Routh, Charles, teacher of real estate law, University of Washington - 678 Ruby, Mike, representing the 32d District Democratic Organization - 424 Rudo, David 422 Rugg, George R., secretary-treasurer, Washington Wool Growers Association 145 Rukke, Robert A., secretary, Valumines, Inc 357 Russell, David 534 PAGENO="0010" x Statements-Continued Page Sandall, Mrs. Rynoldine, Mrs. Arnal Kisor, and Mrs. Jean Couler - - 729 Sargo, Mrs. Irene, Manson, Wash 669 Schaller, Dr. Robert, resident general surgeon, University of Wash- ington 523 Scheel, H. ~ 294 Schick, Miss Elizabeth 457 Schmidt, Rupert 442 Schroeder, Thomas -- 560 Schultz, Ronald 615 Schwecke, Henry Scott, Anne 226 Scott, Mrs. Robert H 503 Seaborn, Miss Lynn 683 Searles, Miss Shirley, student, Seattle Business College 616 Selke, George A., for the Oregon Wildlife Federation 214 Seizer, David, Bellingham, Wash 411 Shaw, KathleenJ 730 Shipman, Mark, Wenatchee, Wash 699 Shorts, Mrs. Harriet W 239 Simpson, Bert, Wenatchee, Wash 617 Sires, David V., Seattle, Wash 711 Smedly, Cliff, Issaquah Sportsmen's Club 574 Smith, Dr. David M 662 Smith, Gregory L 633 Smith, Robert B., Richland, Wash 727 Smith, Robert B., representing the Inter-Mountain Alpine Club 363 Sobieralski, Antoni J., representing the Washington Kayak Club - - - 377 Society of American Foresters, Puget Sound section, as presented by Stanley P. Gessel 166 Sollie, Paul, representing seven teachers at Twisp High School 667 Sommarstrom, Allan 509 Soren, William 548 Sprague, David, Representative, Washington House of Representa- tive 88 Sprague, Edwin B., as presented by Mrs. Lillian Susumi 460 Spring, Ira, Edmonds, Wash 695 Staley, Ed 674 Stall, Pat, teacher of mentally retarded, Federal Way, Wash 623 Stallings, David 244 Stander, Tim 257 Stark, Mrs. Margaret 453 Stark, William N. Kirkland, Wash 408 Stephens, Robert C., executive vice president, Bellingham Chamber of Commerce 300 Stewart~C.T 240 Stewart, Nancy L., president, John Rogers PTA 728 Stoller, Miss Elsie 676 Stone, E. Franklin, Jr., M.D., Seattle, Wash 746 Stout, John E., member, Mountaineers 452 Sturts, Keith, Coeur d'Alene, Idaho 594 Sturts, Mrs. Shirley, Coeur d'Alene, Idaho 592 Swanson, Richard L 729 Swenson, Robert S., Bellevue, Wash 619 Tacoma Sportsmen's Club, Inc., Tacoma Wash., presented by Wayne Holm, president, in letter to Chairman Aspinall 265 Tait, Ian, Canadian, student, Wenatchee Valley College, Wenatchee, Wash Taylor, Bruce 278 Taylor, Louise 226 Taylor, Peter B 23'~ Templeton, Michael, graduate student, University of Washington-~-- 647 Therriault, Leonard, Brewster Chamber of Commerce 545 Thomas, Jim B., Cashmere, Wash., Sportsmen's Association and Cashmere Kiwanis Club 572 Thomas, Richard, student, University of Washington 541 Thompson, Harold, Seattle, Wash 238 PAGENO="0011" XI Statements-Continued Page Thompson, Kermit 445 Thompson, Mrs. Margaret, executive secretary, Northwest Conserva- tion League 726 Thompson, Roger, Spokane, Wash 6~i5 Thorn, Alice E 731 Thorn, Rodney (plus tables) 526 Thorp, John M., Richland, Wash 232 Tisch, Ed, Port Angeles, Wash 640 Trefry, Homer J., chairman, Chelan County Board of Commissioners.. - 100 Troy, Maria R 721 Truax, Bill - 494 Twight, Ben, research assistant in outdoor recreation, University of Washington, College of Forest Resources 667 Upson, Larry 291 Vail, Miss Shauna, Wenatchee, Wash 612 Van Deene, G. J 450 Vandiver, Gerald L., representing the Oroville Sportsmen's Associa- tion, Inc. (plus attachments) 364 Van Gelder, Ernest, Spokane, Wash., presented by Frank Moore.. - - - 682 Vaughn, Wade 588 Vaux, Wally, Maple Falls, Wash 274 Vickerman, W.S 639 Wallanfcls, Helmut, Tacoma, Wash 718 Ward, Richard D 685 Warner, Lowell 0., president, Thunder Mountain Mines, Inc 204 Thunder Mountain, Inc., Lacey, Wash., report, Feb. 1968 205 Warth, John F., Seattle, Wash 463 Watson, Carter, representing the Mount Baker Recreation Co 372 Watson, R. D 558 Watters, Mrs. Gloria J 662 Way, Robin, San Francisco, Calif 518 Webster, William 678 Wenatchee Chamber of Commerce, presented by E. Richard Whit- more, Jr 310 Werkema, Adah, chairman of the North Cascades Committee of the Washington State Sportsmen's Council 148 Werkema, Larry, president, Lower Columbia River Sportsmen's Council -~ 152 Whetzel, Jonathan, Representative, Washingtor~ House of Repre- sentatives 90 Whippo, Harrison 517 Whitmore, E. R., Jr., on behalf of the Wenatchee Chamber of Com- merce 309 Whittaker, James, representing Recreation Equipment, Inc 400 Wiberg, Curt A 570 Williams, Gene 477 Williams, Mrs. Jeannette, chairman, King County Democratic Cen- tral Committee 150 Williams, Lawrence F., Milwaukee, Oreg 442 Willing, Edward 256 Wilmot, Miss Veola, Eugene, Oreg 410 Wilson, A. R., Mount Vernon, Wash 363 Wimpress, John K 725 Wingert, Everett A., Seattle, Wash 60t Winn, Norman 572 Winslow, Ed, chairman, Board of Okanogan County Commissioners, as presented by Jack Abrams 102 Wiseman, Paul, Olympia, Wash 564 Wollak, Harold, Mount Vernon, Wash - 635 Wollaston, Carl H., representing the Seattle chapter~ Big Game Council 371 Wood, Bill, Wenatchee, Wash 683 Wood, Morton, teacher, Lakeside School, Seattle, Wash 687 Woodward, John, representing the Washington Cattlemen's Associa- tion 144 Woodward, Walter, representing the Seattle Times 318 PAGENO="0012" XII Statements-Continued Page Wright, Mrs. James 447 Wyman, Pete, instructor, Spokane Community College 653 Young, Arnold C., Wenatchee, Wash 616 Zalesky, Philip H., president, Olympic Park Associates, Inc 378 Ziegler, Wilma Z 725 Zimmerman, T. C. Price, Portland, Oreg 768 Zogg, Hans 550 Letters: Abeling, William F., Cashmere, Wash., to Congressman Wayne Aspinall, dated April 1, 1968 769 Agen, J. R., Sr., chairman, Cascade Frozen Foods, Inc., Burlington, Wash~. to Representative Wayne N. Aspinall, dated July 12, 1968..~ 735 Atwood, R. F., State senator, State of Washington, to Committee on Interior and Insular Affairs, dated April 22, 1968 764 Baker, Dwight C., Issaquah, Wash., to Hon. Wayne N. Aspinall, dated May 6, 1968 758 Baker, G. M., Cashmere, Wash., to Representative Wayne Aspinall, dated April 5, 1968~~~ 745 Bailey, R. H., Seattle, Wash., to Hon. Wayne Aspinall, dated April 8, 1968 483 Baldwin, Robert R., Port Angeles, Wash., to Representative Wayne N. Aspinall, dated April 22, 1968 644 Bartholomew, Robert C., president, Sawtooth Conservation Council, Ketchum, Idaho, to Hon. Wayne N. Aspinall, dated April 8, 1968. - 771 Bayne, Richard, Olympia, Wash., to Representative Wayne N. Aspinall 417 Bell, Earl J., assistant professor of management science, to Hon. Wayne Aspinall, dated May 10, 1968 467 Bethel, James S., dean, University of Washington, College of Forest Resources, to Congressman Roy A. Taylor, dated April 22, 1968 - 736 Bishop, Victor H., Bellevue, Wash., to Hon. Wayne N. Aspinall, dated April 20, 1968 455 Blake, William, president, Arlington Chamber of Commerce, to Hon. Wayne N. Aspinall, dated April 5, 1968 740 Boddy, A. W. "Bud," executive director, Alaska Sportsmen's Council, Juneau, Alaska, to Hon. Wayne N. Aspinall, dated April 16, 1968 - 757 Brady, Hugh P., Brady International Lumber, Inc., Seattle, Wash., to Hon. Wayne N. Aspinall, dated January 18, 1968 773 Browne, Donald J., president, Tacoma Chamber of Commerce, to Hon. Wayne N. Aspinall, dated April 16, 1968 762 Carpp, Charles W., to House Interior Committee, dated April 19, 1968 487 Castles, William, clerk and superintendent, Mount Baker Schools, Deming, Wash., to Hon. Wayne Aspinall, dated April 17, 1968 - - - 116 Catlow, William V., Bellingham, Wash., to Hon. Wayne Aspinall, dated April 26, 1968 166 Christoe, E. E. member Board of Island County Commissioners, to Congressman Wayne Aspinall, dated April 9, 1968 757 Cornwall, Edwin P., Seattle, Wash., to Hon. Wayne N. Aspinall, dated April 19, 1968 486 Darvill, F. T., M.D., Mount Vernon Wash., to Congressman Thomas S. Foley, dated April 19, 1968 747 DeLong, Robert L., Tacoma, Wash., to Representative Wayne N. Aspinall, dated April 15, 1968 767 Douglass, Larry, Ellensburg, Wash., to House Committee on Interior and Insular Affairs, dated July 14, 1968 774 Elmer, Warren, Seattle, Wash., to chairman, House Interior Commit- tee, dated April 19, 1968 769 Fetterolf, E. R., manager, Tacoma Chamber of Commerce, to R. C. Stephens, dated March 27, 1968 302 Forbes, John H., manager, Grays Harbor Chamber of Commerce, Aberdeen and Hoquiam, Wash., to Mr. R. C. Stephens, dated March 28, 1968 300 Gardner, H. R., Richland, Wash., to Representative Wayne N. Aspinall, dated April 4, 1968 744 Gerstle, John H., Seattle, Wash., to Committee on Interior and Insular Affairs, dated April 12, 1968 236 PAGENO="0013" XIII Letters-Continued Gilbreath, D. D., Seattle, Wash., to Hon. Wayne N. Aspinall, dated Page April 1, 1968 280 Grady, A. Clemens, secretary, Port Townsend Chamber of Commerce, to Bellingham Chamber of Commerce, dated April 15, 1968 302 Gravatt, Harold, Quinault, Wash., to Robert C. Stephens 303 Gregory, Philip T., president, Nevada Wildlife Federation, Inc., to Hon. Wayne Aspinall, dated April 9, 1968 741 Hake, Dallas V., Wapato, Wash., to chairman, House Interior Com- mittee, dated March 30, 1968 - 745 Jialverson, H. C., commissioner, Whatcom County Board of County Commissioners, Bellingham, Wash., to Hon. Wayne Aspinall, dated May 2, 1968 752 Harbeck, Ralph E., Mount Vernon, Wash., to Congressman Wayne Aspinall, dated March 10, 1968 749 Harbeck, Ralph E., Mount Vernon, Wash., to Congressman Aspinall, dated April 28, 1968 749 Hayes, Bernard R., Bellevue, Wash., to Hon. Wayne N. Aspinall, dated April 15, 1968 248 Holm, Wayne, president, Tacoma Sportsmen's Club, Inc., to Hon. Wayne N. Aspinall, dated April 2, 1968 265 Hutchinson, David C., Seattle, Wash., to Hon. Roy A. Taylor, dated May 1, 1968 755 James, Miss Wenonah, Kirkland, Wash., to Congressman Wayne Aspinall 756 Keehn, Earl, Tacoma, Wash., to Congressman Wayne Aspinall 751 Larson, William H., manager, Washington Forest Protection Associa- tion, to Hon. Wayne Aspinall, dated April 24, 1968 164 Lawless, Jim, Seattle, Wash., to Hon. Wayne N. Aspinall, dated April 15, 1968 479 Lundgren, Roy A., Richland, Wash., to Representative Wayne N. Aspinall, dated April 13, 1968 738 Lutz, Mary Lou, Seattle, Wash., to House Interior Committee, dated April 18, 1968 487 Lutz, Ralph J., Seattle City Light Meter Division, to House Interior Committee, dated April 17, 1968 486 Mabbott, Len H., president, Washington State Sportsmen's Council, Inc., to House Interior and Insular Affairs Committee, dated April 19, 1968 150 Mackey, M. G., chairman, special committee, Anacortes Chamber of Commerce, Anacortes, Wash., to Congressman Wayne Aspinall, dated April 4, 1968 739 Mills, Aileen F., Wenatchee, Wash., to Representative Wayne N. Aspinall, dated April 12, 1968 756 Moshofsky, William J., Georgia-Pacific Corp., Portland, Oreg., to Hon. Wayne Aspinall, dated April 29, 1968 138 Neff, John L., chairman, Public Lands Committee, Northwest Mining Association, to Committee on Interior and Insular Affairs, dated April 19, 1968 389 Nelson, John M., superintendent of lighting, Seattle, Wash., to Hon. Wayne Aspinall, dated May 17, 1968 (plus Federal Power Commis- sion order) 97 Nist, Ferdinand J., chairman, Migratory Bird Committee, State of Washington, to Congressman Wayne N. Aspinall, dated April 9, 1968 751 Oroville Education Association, Inc., to Representative Wayne N. Aspinall, dated April 13, 1968 368 Oroville-Tonasket Irrigation District, to Representative Wayne N. Aspinall, dated April 13, 1968 370 Pearson, Mary E., Seattle, Wash., to Representative Wayne N. Aspinall, dated April 11, 1968 274 Peterson, Lowell, State senator, Washington State Senate, to Repre- sentative Wayne N. Aspinall, dated April 3, 1968 760 Pifer, D. A., director, University of Washington, School of Mineral Engineering, to Hon. Wayne Aspinall, dated March 13, 1968 775 Platt, Robert T., chairman, Mazama Conservation Committee, Portland, Oreg., to Hon. Roy A. Taylor, dated April 30, 1968 752 PAGENO="0014" XIV Letters-Continued Price, Zachary S., Seattle, W~tsh., to Hon. Wayne N. Aspinall, dated Page April 22, 1968 440 Richardson, Lyle M., president, Appalachian Mountain Club, Boston, Mass., to Hon. Wayne Aspinall, dated April 30, 1968 757 Rivord, William A., to Hon. Wayne N. Aspinall, dated April 20, 196& 451 Rothenbuhler, Howard E., Sedro Woolley, Wash., to Representative Wayne N. Aspinall, dated April 5, 1968 770 Rukke, Robert A., secretary, Valumines, Inc., to Hon. Wayne N. Aspinall, dated April 15, 1968. - 357 Salisbury, Wm. G., Spokane, Wash., to Congressman Wayne Aspinall, dated April 15, 1968~ 753 Scott, Anne, North Cascades Conservation Council, Seattle, Wash., to Mr. Goldsworthy 226 Smith, Nita and Ward, Klickitat, Wash., to Hon. Roy A. Taylor, dated April 17, 1968~. 766 Smith, Ward, Klickitat, Wash., to the chairman, Subcommittee on National Parks and Recreation, dated July 15, 1968 735 Spafford, E. H., Seattle, Wash., to Representative Wayne N. Aspinall, dated April 12, 196& 763 Stephens, Robert C., executive vice president, Bellingham Chamber of Commerce, to Congressman Roy A. Taylor, dated May 2, 1968.. 300 Stone, E. Franklin, Jr., M.D., the Children's Orthopedic Hospital and Medical Center, to Representative Wayne N. Aspinall, dated April 22, 1968 746 Susumi, Lillian, Seattle, Wash., to Hon. Roy A. Taylor, dated April 20, 1968 461 Taylor, Peter B., Seattle, Wash., to Hon. Roy A. Taylor, dated April 19, 1968 235 Tepper, Sanford S., professor and head of biology department, TJni- versity of Oregon, to Congressman Wayne Aspinall, dated May 6, 1968 750 Thompson, Harold, Seattle, Wash., to Hon. Roy A. Taylor, dated April 16, 1968 238 Truax, William F., Tacoma, Wash., to Hon. Wayne N. Aspinall, dated April 23, 196& 495 Udall, Hon. Stewart L., Secretary of the Interior, to Hon. John W. McCormack, dated March 17, 1967 (report) 52 Vandiver, Gerald L., secretary, Oroville Sportsmen's Association, Inc., to Representative Wayne N. Aspinall, dated April 13, 196& 366 West, Herbert K., executive manager, Port of Chelan County, We- natchee, Wash., to Congressman Wayne N. Aspinall, dated April 19, 1968 753 Williams, R. W., Mayor, Bellingham, Wash., to Representative Wayne N. Aspinall, dated April 11, 1968 738 Wilson, Mr. and Mrs. A. R., Mount Vernon, Wash., to Hon~- Wayne Aspinall, dated April 16, 1968 - 363 Resolutions: Bellingham City Council, approved April 8, 1968 739 Brewster, Wash., Chamber of Commerce 774 National Forest Recreation Association 761 Okanogan Chamber of Commerce 308 Okanogan County Board of Commissioners, dated April 15, 1~68 - - - 102 Okanogan County Pomona No. 53, passed April 13, 1968 103 Washington Farm Forestry Association resolution passed March 26, 1966, Camas, Wash 336 Washington State Association of County Commissioners, dated February 16, 1968 103 Washington State Senate Joint Memorial No. 21, 40th Legislature 761 Whitestone Reclamation District, board of directors, passed at Loomis, Wash., April 1, 1968 746 Young Democrats at the University of Washington, dated April 17, 1968 260 PAGENO="0015" xv Additional information: Commercial Timber area-North Cascades Park proposal, S. 1321 Page (table) 139 Glacier Peak Wilderness area, Mount Baker and Wenatchee National Forests, Industrial Forestry Association, April 1968 (map) 323 National 4-Wheel Drive Association code of ethics from pamphlet titled, "4 WD Trail Trip Tips" 349 Origin of Mountain with silver filling, Thunder Mountain Mines, Inc. (map) 208 Pacific Northwest region fact sheet-the Hemlock Looper problem, presented by William H. Larson 163 Proposed management units, North Cascades, Wash., S. 1321 (map) opposite 68 PAGENO="0016" PAGENO="0017" [EDrroR's N0TE.-Because of the tremendous number of persons at the Seattle hearings who asked to be heard on the bill to establish the North Cascades National Park, those members of the Subcommittee of National Parks and Recreation, House of Representatives, who were present after the first morning session, adjourned to two rooms for the purpose of hearing as many of these witnesses as possible, simui±ane- ously. Some of the members who came to the State of Washington were in the main ballroom of the Benjamin Franklin Hotel with Suboom- mittee Chairman Roy A. Taylor (North Carolina) presiding. The others were in the Plymouth Room under the thairmanship of Con- gressman Morris K. TJdall (Arizona).] THE NORTH CASCADES Part I FRIDAY, APRIL 19, 1968 HOUSE or REPRESENTATIVES, SUBCOMMITTEE ON NATIONAL PARKS AND RECREATION OF THE COMMITTEE ON INTERIOR AND INSULAR AFFAIRS, Seattle, Wa8h. The subcommittee met, pursuant to notice, at 9 a.m., in the main ballroom, Benjamin Franklin Hotel, Seattle, Wash., Hon. Roy A. Taylor (chairman of the subcommittee) presiding. Mr. TAYLOR. The Subcommittee on National Parks and Recreation will now come to order for the purpose of conducting hearings on proposals to establish the North Cascades National Park and the Ross Lake National Recreation Area. We have before us the following bills: H.R. 8970, by Representative Meeds, H.R. 12139 by Representative Pelly (by request), and S. 1321 as approved by the Senate. In addition, Representative Catherine May has introduced H.R. 16252, which pro- poses the establishment of the North Cascades National Recreation Area. The report of the Department of the I,nterior dated March 17, 1967, will also be made a part of the record. In the absence of objection, all of these will be made a part of the record at this point. (H.R. 8970, H.R. 12139, H.R. 16252 and S. 1321 and report of ~)epartment of the Interior, follow:) (1) 98-524 0-68-pt. 1-2 PAGENO="0018" 2 9OTH CONGRESS 1ST SEssioN 8970 IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES APRIL 20, 1~67 Mr. MEEDS introduced the following bill; which was referred to the Com- mittee on Interior and Insular Affairs A BILL To establish the North Cascades National Park and Ross Lake National Recreation Area, to designate the Pasayten Wilder- ness and to modify the Glacier Peak Wilderness, in the State of Washington, and for other purposes. 1 Be it enacted by the Senate and House of Representa- 2 tives of the United States of America in Congress assembled, 3 TITLE I-NORTH CASCADES NATIONAL PARK 4 SEC. 101. In order to preserve for the benefit, use, and 5 inspiration of present and future generations certain majestic 6 mountain scenery, snow fields, glaciers, alpine meadows, and 7 other unique natural features in the North Cascade Moun- 8 tains of the State of Washington, there is hereby established, I-0 PAGENO="0019" 3 2 1 subject to valid existing rights, the North Cascades National 2 Park (hereinafter referred to in this Act as the "park"). 3 The park shall consist of the lands, waters, and interests 4 therein within the area designated "national park" on the 5 map entitled "Proposed Management Units, North Cascades, 6 Washington," numbered NP-CAS-7000, and dated Febru- 7 ary 1967. The map shall be on file and available for public 8 inspectioii in the office of the Director, National Park Serv- 9 ice, Department of the Interior, and in the office of the Chief, 1Q Forest Service, Department of Agriculture. 11 TITLE IT-ROSS LAKE NATIONAL RECREATION 12 AREA 13 SEc. 201. In order to provide for the public outdoor 14 recreation use and enjoyment of portions of the Skagit 15 River and Ross, Diablo, and Gorge Lakes, together with 16 the surrounding lands, and for the conservation of the scenic, 17 scientific, historic, and other values contributing to public 18 enjoyment of such lands and waters, there is hereby estab- 19 lished, subject to valid existing rights, the Ross Lake Na- 20 tional Recreation Area (hereinafter referred to in this Act 21 as the "recreation area"). The recreation area shall con- 22 sist of the lands and waters within the area designated PAGENO="0020" 4 3 1 "national recreation area" on the map referred to in section 2 101 of this Act. 3 TITLE Ill-LAND ACQUISITION 4. SEC. 301. Within the boundaries of the park and rec- 5 reation area, the Secretary of the Interior (hereinafter re- 6 ferred to in this Act as the "Secretary") may acquire lands, 7 waters, and interests therein by donation, purchase with 8 donated or appropriated funds, or exchange. Lands owned 9 by the State of Washington or any political subdivision 10 thereof may be acquired only by donation. Federal prop- 11 erty within the boundaries of the park and recreation area 12 is hereby transferred to the administrative jurisdiction of 13 the Secretary for administration by him as part of the park 14 and recreation area. The national forest land within such 15 boundaries is hereby eliminated from the national forests 16 `.~Tithin which it was heretofore located. 17 SEC. 302. Tn exercising his authority to acquire prop- 18 erty by exchange, the Secretary may accept title to any 19 non-Federal property within the boundaries of the park 20 and recreation area and in exchange therefor he may convey 21 to the grantor of such property any federally owned prop- 22 erty under his jurisdiction in the State of Washington which PAGENO="0021" 5 4 1 he classifies as suitable for exchange or other disposal. The 2 values of the properties so exchanged either shall be ap- 3 proximately equal, or if they are not approximately equal 4 the values shall be equalized by the payment of cash to the 5 grantor or to the Secretary as the circumstances require. 6 SEC. 303. Any owner of property acquired by the See- 7 retary which on the date of acquisition is used for agricultural 8 or single-family residential purposes, or for commercial pur- 9 poses which he finds are compatible with the use and devel- 10 opment of the park or the recreation area, may, as a con- 11 dition of such acquisition, retain the right of use and 12 occupancy of the property for the same purposes for which 13 it was used on such date, for a period ending at the death of 114 the owner or the death of his spouse, whichever occurs later, 15 or for a fixed term of not to exceed twenty-five years, which- 16 ever the owner may elect. Any right so retained may dur- 17 nig its existence l)e transferred or assigned. Any right so 18 retained may be terminated by the Secretary at any time 19 after the date upon which any use of the property occurs 20 which he finds is a use other than one which existed on the 21 date of acquisition. In the event the Secretary terminates 22 a right of use and occupancy under this section, he shall 23 pay to the own~r of the right the fair market value of the PAGENO="0022" 6 a 1 portion of said right which remains unexpired on the date of 2 termination. 3 TITLE TV-ADMINISTRATIVE PROVISIONS 4 SEC. 401. The Secretary shall administer the park in ac- 5 cordance with the Act of August 25, 1916 (39 Stat. 535; 6 16 U.S.C. 1-4), as amended and supplemented. 7 Si~c. 402. (a) The Secretary shall administer the recrea- 8 tion area in a manner which in his judgment will best pro- 9 vide for (1) public outdoor recreation benefits; (2) con- 10 servation of scenic, scientific, historic, and other values con- 11 tributing to public enjoyment; and (3) such management, 12 utilization, and disposal of renewable natural resources and 13 the continuation of such existing uses and developments as 14 will promote or are compatible with, or do not significantly 1~ impair, public recreation and conservation of the scenic. 16 scientific, historic or other values contributing to public en- 17 joyment. In administering the recreation area, the Secre- 18 tary may utilize such statutory authorities pertaining to the 19 administration of the National Park System, and such statu- 20 tory authorities otherwise available to him for the conserva- 21 tion and management of natural resources as he deems ap- 22 propriate for recreation and preservation purposes and for re- 23 source development compatible therewith. PAGENO="0023" 7 6 1 (1)) The lands within the recreation area, subject to 2 valid existing rights, are hereby withdrawn from location, 3 entry, and 1)ateilt under the IJnited States mining laws. The 4 Secretary, under such regulations as he deems appropriate, ~ may perimt the removal of the nonleasable minerals from 6 laiids or interest in lands within the recreation area in the 7 manner prescribed by section 10 of the Act of August 4, 8 1939, as amended (53 Stat. 1196; 43 U.S.C. 387), and lie may permit the removal of leasable minerals from lands or 10 interests in lands within time recreation area in accordance ~ with the Mineral Leasing Act of February 25, 1920, as 12 amended (30 U.S.C. 181 et seq..), or the Acquired Lands 13 Mineral Leasing Act of August 7, 1947 (30 U.S.C. 351 et 14 seq.) if he finds that such disposition would nut have signif- Th icant adverse effects on the administration of the recreation 16 area. 17 (c) All receipts derived from Permits and leases issued 18 on lands or interests in lands within the recreation area under 19 the Mineral Leasing Act of February 25, 1920, as amended, 20 ~r the Acquired Lands Milleral Leasing Act of August 7, 21 1947, shall be disposed of as provided in the applicable Act; 22 and receipts from the disposition of nonleasable minerals 23 within the recreation area shall be disposed of in the same 24 mnannem~ as moneys received from the sale of public lands. 25 (d) The Secretary shall permit hunting and fishing on PAGENO="0024" 8 7 1 lands and waters under his jurisdiction within the boundary 2 of the recreation area in accordance with applicable laws of 3 the United States and of the State of Washington, except 4 that the Secretary may designate zones where, and establish 5 periods when, no hunting or fishhrg ~hal1 be permitted for 6 reasons of public safety, administration, fish and wildlife 7 management, or public use and enjoyment. Except in einer- 8 gencics, any regulations of the Secretary pursuant to this 9 section shall be put into effect only after consultation with 10 the l)epartment of Game of the State of Washington. 11 TITLE V-SPECIAL PROVISIONS 12 SEc. 501. The distiibutive shares of the respective coun- 13 ties of receipts from the national forests from which the 14 national park and recreation area are created, as paid under 15 the provisions of the Act of May 23, 1908 (35 Stat. 260), 16 as amended (16 U.S.C. 500), shall not be affected by the 17 elimination of lands from such national `forests by the enact- 18 nient of this Act. 19 SEC. 502. Where any Federal lands included in the park 20 or recreation area are legally occupied or utilized on the 21 effective date of this Act for any purpose, pursuant to a 22 contract, lease, permit, or license issued or authorized by 23 any department, establishment, or agency of the United 24 States, the Secretary shall permit the persons holding such 25 privileges to.. continue in the exercise thereof, subject to the PAGENO="0025" 9 8 1 terms and conditions thereof, for the remainder of the term 2 of the contract, lease, permit, or license or for such longer 3 period of time as the Secretary deems appropriate. 4 Si~c. 503. Within two years from the date of enactment 5 of this Act, the Secretary of the Interior and the Secretary 6 of Agriculture shall agree on the designation of areas within 7 the park or recreation area or within national forests adjacent 8 to the park and recreation area needed for administrative 9 purposes by the Secretary of Agriculture or the Secretary of 10 the Interior, respectively. (The areas so designated shall be 11 administered in a manner that is mutually agreeable to the 12 two Secretaries. 13 SEc. 504. Nothing in this Act shall be construed to 14 supersede, repeal, modify, or impair the jurisdiction of the 15 Federal Power Oommission under the Federal Power Act 16 (41 Stat. 1063), as amended (16 11.5.0. 791a et seq.), in 17 the recreation area. 18 SEc. 505. There are authorized to be appropriated such 19 sums as may be necessary to carry out the purposes of titles 20 I through V of this Act. 21 TITLE VT-WILDERNESS 22 SEc. 601. (a) In order to further the purposes of the 23 Wilderness Act, there is hereby designated, subject to valid 24 existing rights, the Pasayten Wilderness within and as a part PAGENO="0026" 10 9 1 of the Okanogan National Forest and the Mount Baker 2 National Forest, comprising an area of about five hundred 3 thousand acres lying east of Ross Lake, as generally depicted 4 in the area designated as "Pasayten Wilderness" on the map 5 referred to in section 101 of this Act. 6 (b) The previous classification of the North Cascades 7 Primitive Area is hereby abolished. 8 SEc. 602. The boundaries of the Glacier Peak Wilder- 9 ness, an area classified as such more than thirty days before 10 the effective date of the Wilderness Act and being within 11 and a part of the Wenatchee National Forest and the Mount 12 Baker National Forest, subject to valid existing rights, are 13 hereby extended to include portions of the Suiattle River 14 corridor arid the White Chuck River corridor on the western 15 side thereof, comprising areas totaling about ten thousand 16 acres, as depicted in the area designated as "Additions to 17 Glacier Peak Wilderness" on the map referred to in section 18 101 of this Act. 19 SEC. 603. (a) As soon as practicable after this Act 20 takes effect, the Secretary of Agriculture shall file a map 21 and legal description of the Pasayteri Wilderness and of the 22 Glacier Peak Wilderness, as hereby modified, with the Inte- 23 nor ai~d Insular Affairs Committees of the United States 24 Senate and House of Representatives, and such descriptions PAGENO="0027" 11 10 1 shall have the same force and effect as if included in this Act: 2 Provded, however, That correction of clerical or typograph- 3 ical errors in such legal descriptions and maps may be made. 4 (b) Upon the filing of the legal descriptions and maps 5 as provided for in subsection (a) of this section the Pasayten 6 Wilderness and the additions to the Glacier Peak Wilderness 7 shall be administered by the Secretary of Agriculture in 8 accordance with the provisions of the Wilderness Act and 9 thereafter shall be subject to the provisions of the Wilderness 10 Act governing areas designated by that Act as wilderness areas, except that a.ny reference in such provisions to the 12 effective date of the Wilderness Act shall be deemed to be a 13 reference to the effective date of this Act. 14 SEc. 604. Within two years from the date of enactment 15 of this Act, the Secretary of the Interior shall review the 16 area within the North Cascades National Park, including 17 the Picket Range area and the Eldorado Peaks area, and 18 shall report to the President, in accordance with subsections 19 3 (c) and 3 (d) of the Wilderness Act (78 Stat. 890; 16 20 U.S.C. 1132 (c) and (d)), his recommendation as to the 21 suitability of nonsuitability of any area within the park for 22 preservation as wilderness, and any designation of any such 23 area as a wilderness area shall be accomplished in accordance 24 with said subsections of the Wilderness Act. PAGENO="0028" 12 9OTn CONGRESS 1ST SEssioN . . 1 21 39 IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES AUGUST 7, 1967 Mr. PELLY (by request) introduced the following bill; which was referred to the Committee on Interior and Insular Affairs A BILL To establish the North Cascades National Park in the State of Washington, and for other purposes. Be it enacted by the Senate and House of Representa- 2 tives of the United States of America in Congress assembled, 3 That: 4 Si~c~io~ 1. (a) That part of the area of the Cascade 5 Mountains iii the State of Washington between a point some- 6 what north of Stevens Pass and the Skagit River which is 7 particularly described in subsection (b) ~s reserved and 8 withdrawn from settlement, occupancy, or disposal under the 9 laws of the United States and is dedicated and set apart as 10 a public park for the benefit and enjoyment of the people. ii (b) The area referred to in subsection (a) (hereinafter I PAGENO="0029" 13 2 1 referred to as "the park") is the area enclosed within the 2 following boundary: 3 Beginning at the confluence of Pyramid Creek with the 4 Skagit River at approximately the southeast corner of section 5 G, township 37 north, range 13 east, Willamette meridian, 6 unsurveyed; 7 thence upstream along the Skagit River in an east- 8 erly direction along the mean high water mark of the 9 south bank of said river to Diablo Dam; 10 thence upstream along whatever is or shall ever be 11 the mean high water mark on the south shore of the pool 12 behind Diablo Dam to the end of said pooi; 13 thence continuing upstream along the mean high 14 water mark on the south bank of the Skagit River to 15 Ross Dam; 16 thence in a generally easterly direction along what- 17 ever is or shall ever be the mean high water mark of 18 the pool behind Ross Dam extending up Ruby Creek 19 to the end of said pool; 20 thence along the mean high water mark of the south 21 bank of Ruby Creek in an easterly direction to the con- 22 fluence of Mill Creek; 23 thence in a generally southeasterly direction along 24 the hydrological divide between Mill Creek and Boulder 25 Creek and along Majestic Mountain Ridge (dividing Mill PAGENO="0030" 14 3 1 Creek and East Creek of Granite Creek) to the Cascade 2 Divide; 3 thence in a northeasterly direction along the Cascade 4 Divide through Azurite Peak to a point just east of 5 Glacier Pass where Hancock Ridge meets the divide; 6 thence in a generally easterly direction along Han- 7 cock Ridge to a point due north of Flagg Mountain to 8 the south; 9 thence in a southerly direction across the West Fork 10 of the Methow River through Flagg Mountain to De- 11 lancy Ridge; 12 thence in a generally easterly direction along De- 13 lancy Ridge to a point due north of the confluence of 14 Silver Star Creek with Early Winters Creek; 15 thence south to the confluence of Silver Star Creek 16 and Early Winters Creek; 17 thence across Early Winters Creek in a geuerally 18 southerly direction along the hydrological divide just 19 west of Silver Star Creek to the summit of Silver Star 20 Mountain; 21 thence in a generally southerly direction along the 22 ridge dividing the drainage of Early Winters Creek from 23 that of Cedar Creek (Kangaroo Ridge) and then divid- 24 ing the drainage of North Creek from the headwaters of PAGENO="0031" 15 4 1 the North Fork of the Twisp River to a point due west 2 of Gilbert Mountain; 3 thence in a southerly direction to the work in the 4 headwaters of the North Fork of the Twisp River which 5 is due east of Twisp Pass; 6 thence across the North Fork of the Twisp River 7 in a southwesterly direction to the summit of South Creek 8 Butte; 9 thence in a generally easterly direction along the 10 ridge through the summit of Crescent Mountain to a 11 point due north of the confluence of Louis Creek with 12 South Creek; 13 thence across South Creek in a southeasterly direc- 114 tion along the hydrological divide just east of Louis 113 Creek to the divide between South Creek and Reynolds 16 Creek; 17 thence in a southwesterly direction along the divide 18 between Louis Creek and Reynolds Creek to the divide 119 between the Lake Chelan drainage and that of the 20 Twisp River; 21 thence in a southeasterly direction along the divide 22 through Reynolds Peak to the Camels Hump; 23 thence in a northeasterly direction along War Creek 24 Ridge to the summit of Williams Butte; PAGENO="0032" 16 5 1 thence in a southerly direction to the confluence of 2 Mack Creek with War Creek; 3 thence across War Creek in a southerly direction 4 along the divide just east of Mack Creek to Sun Moun- 5 tam on the Sawtooth Ridge Divide; 6 thence in a generally southeasterly direction along 7 the Sawtooth Ridge to a point just west of Sunrise Lake 8 at the headwaters of Foggy Dew Creek; 9 thence in a southwesterly direction to Ferry Peak 10 along the ridge between Miners Basin and the East Fork 11 of Prince Creek; 12 thence in a generally southerly direction to Little 13 Goat Mountain along the ridge joining Tino Peak and 14 Big Goat Mountain with Little Goat Mountain; 15 thence in a southerly direction to the shore of Lake 16 Chelan along the first ridge west of Safety Harbor 17 Creek; 18 thence across Lake Chela.n in a westerly direction 19 to the mouth of Corral Creek; 20 thence upstream along the south bank of Corral 21 Creek and its South Fork to the hydrological divide be- 22 tween Lake Chelan arid the Entiat River at a point 23 just south of Crow Hill; 24 thence in a southwesterly direction ačross the divide PAGENO="0033" 17 6 1 to the headwaters of Crow Creek and along its south 2 bank downstream to the confluence with the North Fork of the Entiat River; 4 thence in a southerly direetion along the east bank 5 of the North Fork of the Entiat River to its confluence 6 with the main stream of the Entiat River; 7 thence upstream along the west bank of the Entiat 8 River to the confluence of Three Creek; 9 thence upstream along the south bank of Three 10 Creek to the hydrological divide between the Entiat 11 River and the Chiwawa River at a point just opposite 12 the headwaters of the east fork of Chickamin Creek; 13 thence in a northwesterly direction along said divide 14 through Garland Peak to a point on the divide where 15 the ridge separating Cliickamin Creek and Rock Creek 16 meets the divide; 17 thence in a generally southwesterly direction along 18 the ridge between the two creeks to a high point on the 19 end of the ridge approximately one mile southeast of 20 Basalt Peak and approximately one and a half miles east 21 of BM 2515 at Rock Creek Crossing; 22 thence in a g~nera11y southeasterly direction on the 23 ridge crest iinniechately flanking the Chiwawa River 24 on the northeast to the middle of section 8, township 98-524 0 - 68 - pt, 1 - 3 PAGENO="0034" 18 7 28 north, range 17 east, Willainette meridian, unsur- 2 veyed; 3 thence to the southwest corner of section 8, town- 4 ship 28 north, range 17 east, Willamette meridian, an- 5 surveyed; 6 thence to the middle of section 18, township 28 7 north, range 17 east, Willamette meridian, unsurveyed; 8 thence in a southwesterly direction along the hydro- 9 logical divide immediately south of Raging Creek to the 10 summit of McCall Mountain; 11 thence in a southwesterly direction to the hydrologi- 12 cal divide between Twin Lakes and Big Meadow Creek; 13 thence in a southwesterly direction to the crest of 14 Dirty Face Peak ridge and then southeasterly to the 15 summit of Dirty Face Peak; 16 thence in a southwesterly direction to the northeast 17 corner of section 9, township 27 north, range 16 east, 18 Willamette meridian; 19 thence in a southwesterly direction to the southeast 20 corner of section 9, township 27 north, range 16 east, 21 Willamette meridian; 22 thence in a generally northwesterly direction along 23 Wenatchee Ridge through Irving Peak to Poe Moun- 24 tam; PAGENO="0035" 19 8 thence in a westerly direction to the confluence of 2 Oady Creek with the Little Wenatehce River; 3 thence across the Little Wenatchee River in a 4 westerly direction along the ridge separating Cady 5 Creek and Fish Creek to the Cascade Divide; 6 thence south along the Cascade Divide to the point 7 where West Cady Ridge (between West Cady Creek 8 and Pass Creek) meets the divide from the west; 9 thence westward along West Cady Ridge through 10 Benchmark Mountain to Excelsior Mountain; 11 thence northward across Pass Creek along Storm 12 Ridge (between Goblin Creek and Quartz Creek) 13 through Goblin Mountain to the divide between the 14 drainages of the Sank and Skykomish Rivers; 15 thence along said divide in a southwesterly direction 16 to Kyes Peak; 17 thence in a northwesterly direction to the point of 18 meeting between the drainage basins of the Skykomish 19 River and the North and South Forks of the Sauk 20 River; 21 thence northward along the ridge separating the 22 drainages of the North and South Forks of the Sauk 23 River to Cadet Peak; 24 thence in a northeasterly direction to the south- PAGENO="0036" 20 9 1 eastern corner of the most easterly parcel of privately 2 owned land on the north and east slopes of Cadet Peak; 3 thence in a northerly direction along the most east- 4 erly point of the parcels of private land located irnmedi- 5 ately northeast of the saddle between Cadet Peak and 6 Foggy Peak; 7 thence generally westerly to the summit of Foggy 8 Peak along the northern boundary of all privately owned 9 land in the saddle between Cadet Peak and Foggy Peak 10 and on the northeastern side of Foggy Peak; 11 thence in a northwesterly direction along the hydro- 12 logical divide between Elliott Creek a.nd the South Fork 13 of the Sank River through Ida Pass to a point above the 14 hicadwaters of Pearsall Creek; 15 thence in a southwesterly direction across the South 16 Fork of the Sauk R.iver to the summit of Silvertip Peak 17 via the ridge separating Weden Creek and Silvertip 18 Creek; 19 thence in a generally westerly direction along the 20 divide between the headwaters of Weden Creek and 21 Silver Creek to the east side of section 25, township 29 22 iiorth, railge 10 east, Willametto meridian; 23 thence north to the southeast corner of section 13, H.R. 12139-2 PAGENO="0037" 21 10 i township 29 north, range 10 east, Willamette meridian; 2 thence west to the southwest corner of section 13, 3 township 29 north, range 10 east, Willamette nieridan; 4 thence north to the northwest corner of section 13, 5 township 29 north, range 10 east, Willamette meridian; 6 thence west to the southwest corner of section ii, 7 township 29 north, range 10 east, Willamette meridian; 8 thence north to the northwest corner of section 11, 9 township 29 north, range 10 east, Willamette meridian; 10 thence west to the southwest corner of section 3, 11 townslnp 29 north, range 10 east, Willamette meridian; 12 thence north to the northwest corner of section 3, 13 township 29 north, range 10 east, Willamette meridian; 14 thence in a generally northwesterly direction along 15 Big Four Mountain Ridge to Hall I~eak; 16 thence north to the northwest corner of section 21, 17 township ~30 noitli, range 1 0 east, Willaniette meridian; 18 t1I(~1cc cast to the northeast corner of section 21, 19 township 30 north, range 10 east, Willainette meridian; 20 thence north to the northwest corner of section 1 5, 21 township 30 north, range 10 cast, Willaniette meridian; 22 thence cast to the northeast corner of section 15, 23 township 30 north, range 10 east, Willamette meridian; 24 thence north to the northeast corner of section 10, 25 township 30 north, range 10 east, Willamette meridian; PAGENO="0038" 22 ii 1 thence in a generally northwesterly direction along 2 the hydrological divide between Falls Creek and Coal 3 Creek to the west side of section 33, township 31 north, 4 range 10 east, Willamette meridian; 5 thence north to the northwest corner of section 33, 6 township 31 north, range 10 east, Willamette meridian; 7 thence east to the northeast corner of section 33, 8 township 31 north, range 11 east, Willamette meridian; 9 thence north to the northwest corner of section 22, 10 tOWflShiJ) 31 north, range 11 east, Willaniette meridian; 11 thence east to the northwest corner of section 24, 12 township 31 north, range 11 east, Willamette meridian; 13 thence north to time northwest corner of section 1, 14 township 31 north, range 11 east, Willamette meridian; 15 thence east to the southwest corner of section 3G, 16 township 32 north, range 11 east, Willamette meridian; 17 thence north to the northwest corner of section 1, 18 township 32 north, range 11 east, Willamette meridian; 19 thence east to the southwest corner of section 3 ~, 20 township 33 north, range 11 east, Willamette meridian; 21 thence north to the northwest corner of section 1, 22 township 33 north, range 11 east, Willamette mneridiaii; 23 thence west to the northwest corner of section 4, 24 township 33 ~north, range 11 east, Willamette meridian; 25 thence in a generally northerly direction along time PAGENO="0039" 23 12 1 ridge between Arrow Creek and Grade and Bluebell 2 Creeks to the confluence of Arrow Creek with Illabot 3 Creek; 4 thence north to the hydrological divide between lila- 5 bot Creek and Jordan Creek and then northerly and 6 westerly along said divide to the south side of section 32, 7 township 35 north, range 11 east, Willamette meridian; 8 thence east to the outlet of Tipper Granite Lake in 9 section 3~, township 35 north, range 11 east, Willamette 10 meridian; 11 thence southwesterly to the hydrological divide be- 12 tween Boulder Creek and Found Creek along the ridge 13 north of Upper Granite Lake; 14 thence in a northeasterly direction along the hydro- 15 logical divide between Found Creek and Irene Creek to 16 the west side of Bear Lake; 17 thence in a northwesterly direction along the ridge 18 between Irene Creek and the Cascade River and along 19 the west side of La Rush Lake to the east side of see- 20 tion 13, township 35 north, range 11 east, Willamette 21 meridian; 22 thence north to the hydrological divide between 23 Alma Creek and the Cascade River; PAGENO="0040" 24 13 1 thence in a northeasterly direction along said divide 2 to the ~unnnit of Little Devil Peak; 3 thence in a northerly direction along the hydrological 4 divide between Newhalem Creek and Alma Creek to 5 Big Devil Peak; 6 thence in a northeasterly direetioii along the liydro- 7 logical divide between Newhalem Creek and the Skagit S River for two miles; 9 thence in a northeasterly direetioii to the confluence 10 of the East Fork of Newhalem Creek with Newhalein ii Creek; 12 thence in an easterly direction to the hydrological 13 divide between Ladder Creek and the East Fork of 14 Newhalem Creek and along said divide to the hydrolog- ical divide between Thunder Creek and Ladder Creek; 16 thence in a northerly direction along the latter 17 divide to the summit of Pyramid Peak; .18 thence in a generally northeasterly direction along 19 the ridge immediately west of Pyramid Creek to the 20 point of beginning. 21 (c) This park shall be known as the North Cascades 22 National Park, except that portion on the east particularly PAGENO="0041" 25 14 1 described in subsection (d) shall be known as the Chelan 2 National Mountain Recreation Area. 3 (d) The area referred to in subsection (c) as the Cliolaii 4 National Mountain Recreation Area in the area enclosed 5 within the following boundary: 6 Beginning at that point where Majestic Mountain Ridge ~ (dividing Mill Creek and East Creek of Granite Creek) 8 meets the Cascade Divide in section 5, township 36 north, 9 range 17 east, Willamette meridian, unsurveyed; 10 thence in a northeasterly direction along the Cascade 11 Divide through Azurite Peak to a point just east of 12 Glacier Pass where Hancock Ridge meets the divide; 13 thence in a generally easterly direction along Han- 14 cock Ridge to a point due north of Flagg Mountain to L5 the south; 16 thence in a southerly direction across the West Fork 17 of the Methow River through Flagg Mountain to Dc- 18 lancy Ridge; 19 thence in a generally easterly direction along Do- 20 lancy Ridge to a point due north of the confluence of 21 Silver Star Creek with Early Winters Creek; 22 thence south to the confluence of Silver Star Creek 23 and. Early Winters Creek; 24 thence across Early Winters Creek in a generally 25 southerly direction along the hydrological divide just PAGENO="0042" 26 15 west of Silver Star Creek to the summit of Silver Star 2 Mountain; 3 thence in a generally southerly direction along the 4 ridge dividing the drainage of Early Winters Creek from 5 that of Cedar Creek (Kangaroo Ridge) and then divid- 6 ing the drainage of North Creek from the headwaters of 7 the North Fork of the Twisp River to a point due west of 8 Gilbert Mountain; 9 thence in a southerly direction to the fork in the 10 headwaters of the North Fork of the Twisp River which 11 is due east of Twisp Pass; 12 thence across the North Fork of the Twisp River in 13 a southwesterly direction to the summit of South Creek 14 Butte; 15 thence in a generally easterly direction along the 16 ridge through the summit of Crescent Mountain to a 17 point due north of the confluence of Louis Creek with 18 South Creek; 19 thence across South Creek in a southeasterly direc- 20 lion along the hydrological divide just east of Louis 21 Creek to the divide between South Creek and Reynolds 22 Creek; 23 thence in a southwesterly direction along the divide 24 between Louis Creek and Reynolds Creek to the divide PAGENO="0043" 27 16 1 between the Lake Chel'an drainage and that of the Twisp 2 River; 3 thence in a southeasterly direction along the divide 4 through Reynolds Peak to the Camels Hump; 5 thence in a northeasterly direction along War Creek 6 Ridge to the summit of Williams Butte; thence in a southerly direction to the confluence of 8 Mack Creek with War Creek; 9 thence across War Creek in a southerly direction 10, along the divide just east of Mack Creek to Sun Moun- 11 tam on the Sawtooth Ridge Divide; 12 thence in a generally southeasterly direction along 13 the Sawtooth Ridge to a point just west of Sunrise Lake 14 at the headwaters of Foggy Dew Creek; 15 thence in a southwesterly direction to Ferry Peak 16 along the ridge between Miners Basin and the East Fork 17 of Prince Creek; 18 thence in a geiierally southerly directioii to Little 19 Coat Mountain aloiig the ridge ~oiiung Tino Peak aiid 20 Big C oat Mountain with Little Goat Mountain; 21 thence in a southerly direction to the shore of Lake 22 (1hiela.it aloug the first ridge west of Safrty ilarbor 23 Creek; 24 thence across' Lake Chelan in a westerly direction 25 to the mouth of Corral Creek; PAGENO="0044" 28 17 1 thence upstream along the south bank of Corral 2 Creek and its south fork to the hydrological divide be- 3 tw'een Lake Chelan and the Entiat River at a point just 4 south of Crow Hill; 5 thence in a southwesterly direction across the divide 6 to the headwaters of Crow Creek and along its south 7 bank downstream to the confluence with the North 8 Fork of the Entiat River; 9 thence in a southerly direction along the east bank 10 of the North Fork of the Entiat River to its confluence 11 with the main stream of the Entiat River; 12 thence upstream along the west bank of the Entiat 13 River to the confluence of Three Creek; 14 thence upstream along the south bank of Three 15 Creek to the hydrological divide between the Entiat 16 River and the Chiwawa River at a point just opposite 17 the headwaters of the east fork of Chickaniin C~.'eek; 18 thence in a nGrthwesterly direction along said di- 19 vide through Garland Peak to a point on the divide 20 where the ridge separating Chickamin Creek and Rock 21 Creek meets the divide; 22 thence in a generally southwesterly direction along 23 the ridge between the two creeks to a high point on the 24 end of the. ridge approximately one mile southeast of PAGENO="0045" 29 18 I Basalt Peak and approximately one and a half miles 2 east of BM 2515 at Rock Creek crossing; 3 thence in a generally southeasterly direction on the 4 ridge crest immediately flanking the Chiwawa River 5 on the northeast to the middle of section 8, township 6 28 north, range 17 east, Willamette meridian, unsur- 7 veyed; 8 thence to the southwest corner of section 8, township 9 28 north, range 17 east, Willainette meridian, unsur- 10 veyed; 111 thence in a generally northwesterly direction along 12 the east bank of the Chiwawa River to the confluence 13 of Phelps Creek and the Chiwawa River; 14 thence along the east side of the towiisite of Trinity 15 and along the hydrological divide between Phelps Creek 16 and the Chiwawa River and along Phelps Ridge and 17 through Red Mountain to Chiwawa Mountain; 18 thence in a generally easterly direction along the 19 ~ydrologica1 divide between Railroad Creek and the 20 drainages of the Cliiwawa and Entiat Rivers through 21 Dumbbell Mountain, through Sevenfingered Jack, 22 Mount Fernow, Buckskin Mountain, Tinpan Mountain, 23 and Pinnacle Mountain to a point where the ridge PAGENO="0046" 30 19 1 separating Enierald Park Creek and Tunible Creek, 2 both flowing into Railroad Creek, meets *said hydro- logical di~iide; 4 thence in a northeasterly direction along said ridge and in turn along the ridge separating Emerald Park 6 Creek from Burn Creek and thence in turn along the 7 hydrological divide between Domke Lake and Railroad 8 Creek to the southeast corner of section 9, township 31 north, range 18 east, Willamette meridian, unsur- 10 veyed; 11 thence northeast to the shore of Lake Chelan; 12 thence north across Lake Chelan to the opposite 13 shore; 14 thence northerly along the east shore of Lake Chelan 15 past Moore to the point where the ridge immediately 16 north of Fourmile Creek meets the lake; 17 thence in a northeasterly direction along said ridge 18 to the summit of Boulder Butte; 19 thence in a northwesterly direction to the summit 20 of Purple Mountain; 21 thence to the summit of ilcAlester Mountain across 22 Boulder Creek along the ridge just west of Butte Creek and the ridge just west of Ronnie Creek; PAGENO="0047" 31 20 1 thence northward along the divide separating Che- 2 lan and Okanogan Counties to Ctitthroat Peak; 3 thence northward along the Cascade Divide to the 4 point of beginning. PAGENO="0048" 32 90iii. CONGI~ESS ~` 21) SaSSION 11. i~. 1 6252 IN TIlE hOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES MARdI 27, 1968 Mrs. MAY intlo(Tuced the following bill; which was referred to the Corn- mitt cc on Interior and Insular Affairs A BILL To establish the North Cascades National Recreation Area in the State of Washington, and for other purposes. 1 Be it enacted by the Senate and House of Representa- 2 tives of the United States of America in Congress assembled, 3 That; in order to preserve for the benefit, use, and inspiration 4 of present and future generations majestic mountain scenery, 5 snow fields, glaciers, alpine meadows, and other unique nat- 6 ural features in the North Cascade Mountains of the State of 7 Washington; in order to provide for the public outdoor 8 recreation use and enjoyment of portions of the rivers, lakes, 9 and scenic areas and for the conservation of the scenic, scien- 10 tiflc, historic, and other values contributing to the public en- 11 joyment of such lands and waters; and in order to further I PAGENO="0049" 33 1 the purposes of the Wilderness Act, there is hereby estal)- 2 lislied, subject to valid existing rights, the North Cascades 3 Recreation Area consisting of the units of natioiial park, 4 wilderness, and recreation areas liereiiiafter referred to and 5 designated on the map entitled North Cascades National 6 Recreation Area, numbered -- and dated 7 1968. The map shall be on file and available for public 8 inspection in the Office of the Director, National Park Serv- 9 ice, Department of the Interior, and in the Office of the Chief, 10 Forest Service, Department of Agriculture. 11 SEC. 2. (a) In furtherance of the purposes of this Act 12 and subject to valid existing rights there is hereby established 13 the North Casca des National Park comprising approximately 14 three hundred and twelve thousand acres as designated on the 15 map referred to in section 1. The land within such national 16 park is hereby eliminated from the Mount Baker National 17 Forest. The national park shall be administered by the Secre- 18 tary of the Interior as a substantially undeveloped and wilder- 19 ness type national park in accordance with the Act of August 20 ~5, 1916 (39 Stat. 535; 16 U.S.C. 1-4), as amended and 21 supplemented. 22 (ii) Within the boundaries of the park the Secretary of 23 the Interior may acquire lands, waters, and interest therein 24 by donation, purchase with donated or appropriated funds, or 25 exchange. In exercising his authority to acquire property by 98-524 0 - 68 - pt. 1 - 4 PAGENO="0050" 34 3 1 exchange the Secretary may accept title to any non-Federal 2 property within the boundaries of the park, and in exchange 3 therefor lie may convey to the graiitor of such property any 4 federally owned property under his jurisdiction in the State 5 of Washington which he classifies as suitable for exchange or 6 other disposal. The values of the properties so exchanged 7 either shall be approximately equal, of if they are not ap- 8 proximately equal the value shall be equalized by the pay- 9 inent of cash to the grantor or to the Secretary as the cir- 10 cumstances require. 11 Si~c. 3. (a) In furtherance of the puiioses of this Act 12 and s~hjeet to valid existing rights there aie hereby estab- 13 hislied the \louiit Bakei Recreation Area, the Ross Lake 14 Recreation Area, the Lake Clie1~ui Recreation Area, the 15 Cascade River Recreation Area, and the North Cascade 16 Highway R~cication Area, each as designated on the map 17 referred to in section 1 of this Act, comprising in the aggre- 18 gate approximimately three hiiuid'red and ninet -nine thousand 19 acres. 20 (1)) The m'ccrcatioii areas shall he adniinist~ed by time 21 Secretary of Agriculture iii a(cOidaflce with time laws, rules, 22 and regulations applicable to the national forests in such 23 maimer as iii his judgiiieiit will best provide for: (1) public 24 outdoor recreation benefits ; (2) conservation of scenic, 25 scientific, historic, and other values contributing to the public PAGENO="0051" 35 4 1 enjoyment; a.nd (3) such management, utilizatioii, and 2 disposal of renewable natural resources arid the continua- 3 tion of such existing uses and developiiieiits aS are conipati- 4 ble with, or do not signifieaiitly impair, public recreation 5 and conservation of the scenic, scientific, historic, or other 6 values contributing to I)ubhc enjoyment. 7 (c) The lands withiii the recreation areas, subject to 8 valid existing rights, are hereby withdrawn from location, 9 entry, and patent under the United States mining laws. The 10 Secretary of the Interior, under such regulations as he deems 11 appropriate, may permit the removal of the nonleasable mm- 12 erals from the lands within the recreation area in the man- 13 ner prescribed by section 10 of the Act of August 4, 1939, as amended (53 Stat. 1196; 43 U.S.C. 387), and he may 15 permit the removal of leasable minerals from lands within 16 the recreation area in accordance with the Mineral Leasing 17 Act of February 25, 1920, as amended (30 U.S.C. 181 et 18 seq.), or the Acquired Lands Mineral Leasing Act of August 19 7, 1947 (30 U.S.C. 351 ct seq.). Any such permit or lease 20 may be issued by the Secretary of the Interior only with the 21 approval of the Secretary of Agriculture and upon a determi- 22 nation by him that such disposition would not have significant 23 adverse effects on the administration of the recreation area 24 or recreation areas invol~ed, and each perrrut or lease shall 25 be subject to such conditions as the Secretary of Agriculture PAGENO="0052" 36 5 1 may prescribe to insure the adequate utilization of the lands 2 for the primary purposes for which the recreation areas are 3 being administered. 4 (d) Any license for water power developments or other 5 power purposes within any part of the recreation areas shall 6 be issued by the Federal Power Commission only with the 7 consent of the Secretary of Agriculture and shall contain 8 such conditions as may be prescribed by the Secretary of 9 Agriculture to insure the adequate utilization of the lands 10 for the primary purposes for which the recreation areas are 11 administered. 12 (e) The Secretary of Agriculture shall permit liuiiting 13 and fishing on lands or waters under his jurisdictioii witliiii 14 the recreation areas in accordance with applicable laws of the 15 United States and the State of Washington, except that the 16 Secretary may designate zones where, and establish periods 17 when no hunting or fishing shall be permitted for reasons of 18 public safety, administration, or public use and enjoyment. 19 Except in emergencies, any regulations of the Secretary par- 20 suant to this subsection shall be put into effect only after con- 21 sultation with the Department of (lame of time State of 22 Washington. 23 Sno. 4. (a) In furtherance of the purposes of this Act 24 and subject to valid existing rights there are hereby estab- PAGENO="0053" 37 Ii 1 lished the Eldorado Wilderness, and the Okanogan Wilder- 2 ness, and the (3lacier Peak Wilderness is hereby enlarged, all 3 as designated on the map referred to in section 1 of this Act. 4 Within the Mount Baker Recreation Area, the Secretary of 5 Agriculture is hereby authorized and directed to designate a 6 wilderness core including Mount Baker itself. rjihe Eldorado 7 Wilderness, the Okanogan Wilderness, the Glacier Peak 8 WTilderness as enlarged, and the wilderness core in the Mount 9 Baker Recreation Area contain in the aggregate approxi- 10 iiiately one million one hundred and eighty thousand acres. 11 Such areas shall be adniiiiisteied by the Secretary of Agri- 12 culture in accordance with the provisions of the Wilderness 13 Act. 14 (b) For the purposes of this Act, the boundary of the 15 North Cascades National Recreation Area and the boundaries 16 of its component national park, wilderness areas, recreation 17 areas, and North Cascade Highway shall be shown on the 18 map referred to in section 1 of this Act. The Secretary of 19 Agriculture and the Secretary of the Interior are instructed 20 to develop precise boundaries which as nearly as possible 21 are those shown on the map referred to in section 1. When 22 such precise and actual l)Ollfldaries have l)een described, maps 23 and legal descriptions of such boundaries shall l)e filed with 24 the Interior and Insular Affairs Committees of the United 25 States Sen~ite amid llou~ of Represeiitatives, and such dc- PAGENO="0054" 38 7 1 scriptions shall have the same force and effect as if included 2 in this Act: Provided, however, That eoiiectioii of clerical 3 01' typographical errors iii such legal deSCl'ii)tiOllS and maps 4 may be iiiade. 5 (c) Upon the filing of the legal descriptions and maps 6 a.s provided for in subsection (b) of this section the Eldorado 7 \\T~~~1~ the Okanogan Wilderness, the wilderness Core 8 of the Mount Baker Recreation Area, and the additions to the 9 Glacier Peak Wilderness shall be subject to the provisions 10 of the Wilderness Act governing areas designated by that 11 Act as wilderness areas, except that any reference in such 12 provisions to tile effective date of tile Wilderness Act shall 13 be deemed to be a reference to the effective date of tiiis Act. 14 SEC. 5. There is hereby estal)hshed the North Cascades 15 Advisory Board to consist of the Governor of the State of 16 `Washington or his representative, the Secretary of Agricul- 17 ture or his representative, and the Secretary of tile Interior 18 or his representative. The North Cascades Advisory Board 19 shall review from time to time and submit to the Federal 20 agencies charged with administration of units of tile North 21 Cascades National Recreation Area its recommendations on 22 plans for the development of and administration of such units. 23 SEc. 6. Nothing in this Act shall 1)e construed to affect 24 adversely or to authorize any Federal agency to take any 25 action that would affect adversely any rights or privileges of PAGENO="0055" 39 8 1. the State of Washington in property within the recreation 2 areas established by this Act which is being utilized for the 3 North Cross State llighway. 4 SEc. 7. There are hereby authorized to be appropriated 5 such sums as may be necessary to carry out the purposes of 6 this Act. PAGENO="0056" 40 90TH CONGRESS 1ST SESSION S. 1 32 1 IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES NOVEMBER 6, 1967 Referred to the Committee on Interior and Insular Affairs AN ACT To establish the North Cascades National Park and Ross Lake and Lake Chelan National Recreation Areas, to designate the Pasayten Wilderness and to modify the Glacier Peak Wilderness, in the State of Washington, and for other purposes. 1 Be it enacted by the Senate and House of Representa- 2 tives of the United States of America in Congress assembled, 3 TITLE I-NORTH CASCADES NATIONAL PARK 4 SEC. 101. In order to preserve for the benefit, use, and 5 inspiration of present and future generations certain majestic 6 mountain scenery, snow fields, glaciers, alpine meadows, and 7 other unique natural features in the North Cascade Moun- 8 tains of the State of Washington, there is hereby established, I PAGENO="0057" 41 2 1 subject to valid existing rights, the North Cascades National 2 Park (hereinafter referred to in this Act as the "park"). 3 The park shall consist of the lands, waters, and interests 4 therein within the area designated "national park" on the 5 map entitled "Proposed Management TJnits, North Cascades, 6 Washington," numbered NP-CAS-7002, and dated October 7 1967. The map shall be on file and available for public in- 8 spection in the office of the Director, National Park Service, 9 Department of the Interior, and in the Office of the Chief, 10 Forest Service, Department of Agriculture. 11 TITLE TI-ROSS LAKE AND LAKE CHELAN 12 NATIONAL RECREATION AREAS 13 SEC. 201. In order to provide for the public outdoor 14 recreation use and enjoyment of portions of the Skagit 15 River and Ross, Diablo, and Gorge Lakes, together with 16 the surrounding lands, and for the conservation of the scenic, 17 scientific, historic, and other values contributing to public 18 enjoyment of such lands and waters, there is hereby estab- 19 lished, subject to valid existing rights, the Ross Lake Na- 20 tional Recreation Area (hereinafter referred to in this Act 21 as the "recreation area"). The recreation area shall con- 22 sist of the lands and waters within the area designated 23 "Ross Lake National Recreation Area" on the map referred 24 to in section 101 of this Act. 25 SEO., 202. In Q~e~ to provide for the public outdoor PAGENO="0058" 42 3 1 reenation use and enjoyment of portions of the Stehekin 2 River and Lake Chelan, together with the surrounding 3 lands, and for the conservation of the scenic, scientific, 4 historic, and other values contributing to public enjoyment 5 of such lands and waters, there is hereby established, subject 6 to valid existing rights, the Lake Chelan National Recreation 7 Area (hereinafter referred to in this Act as the "recreation 8 area"). The recreation area shall consist of the lands and 9 waters within the area designated "Lake Chelan National 10 Recreation Area" on the map referred to in section 101 of 11 this Act. 12 TITLE Ill-LAND ACQUISITION 13 Sne. 301. Within the boundaries of the park and rec- 14 reution areas, the Secretary of the Interior (hereinafter 15 referred to in this Act as the "Secretary") may acquire 16 lands, waters, and interests therein by donation, purchase 17 with donated or appropriated funds, or exchange, except 18 that he may not acquire any such interests within the recrea- 19 tion areas without the consent of the owner, so long as the 20 lands are devoted to uses compatible with the purposes of this 21 Act. Lands owned by the State of Washington or any politi- 22 cal subdivision thereof may be acquired only by donation. 23 Federal property within the boundaries of the park and 24 recreation areas is hereby transferred to the administrative 25 jurisdiction of the Secretary for administration by him as PAGENO="0059" 43 4 1 part of the park and recreation areas. The national forest 2 land within such boundaries is hereby eliminated from the 3 national forests within which it was heretofore located. 4 S~o. 302. In exercising his authority to acquire prop- 5 erty by exchange, the Secretary may accept title to any 6 non-Federal property within the boundaries of the park 7 and recreation areas and in exchange therefor he may convey 8 to the grantor of such property any federally owned prop- 9 erty under his jurisdiction in the State of Washington which 10 he classifies as suitable for exchange or other disposal. The 11 values of the properties so exchanged either shall be approxi- 12 mately equal, or if they are not approximately equal the 13 values shall be equalized by the payment of eash to the 14 grantor or to the Secretary as the circumstances require. S~o. 303. Any owner of property acquired by the See- 16 retary which on the date of acquisition is used for agricultural 17 or single-family residential purposes, or for commercial pur- 18 poses which he finds are compatible with the use and devel- 19 opment of the park or the recreation areas, may, as a condi- 20 tion of such acquisition, retain the right of use, and occupancy 21 of the property for the same purposes for which it was used 22 on such date, for a period ending at the death of the owner 23 or the death of his spouse, whichever occurs later, or for a 24 fixed term of not to exceed twenty~five years, whichever the 25 owner may elect. Any right so retained may during its exist- PAGENO="0060" 44 5 1 ence be transferred or assigned. Any right so retained may 2 be terminated by the Secretary at any time after the date 3 upon which any use of the property occurs which he finds is 4 a use other than one which existed on the date of acquisition. 5 In the event the Secretary terminates a right of use and 6 occupancy under this section, he shall pay to the owner of the `7 right the fair market value of the portion of said right which 8 remains unexpired on the date of termination. 9 TITLE TV-ADMINISTRATIVE PROVISIONS 10 SEC. 401. The Secretary shall administer the park in 11 accordance with the Act of August 25, 1916 (39 Stat. 535; 12 16 U.S.C. 1-4), as amended and supplemented. 13 SEC. 402. (a) The Secretary shall administer the recrea- 14 tion areas in a manner which in his judgment will best 15 provide for (1) public outdoor recreation benefits; (2) con- 16 servation of scenic, scientific, historic, and other values con- 17 tributing to public enjoyment; and (3) such management, 18 utilization, and disposal of renewable natural resources and 19 the continuation of such existing uses and developments as 20 will promote or are compatible with, or do not significantly 21 impair, public recreation and conservation of the scenic, 22 scientific, historic, or other values contributing to public en- 23 joyment. In administering the recreation areas, the Sec- 24 retary may utilize such statutory authorities pertaining to the PAGENO="0061" 45 6 1 administration of the national park system, and such statu- 2 tory authorities otherwise available to him for the conserva- 3 tion and management of natural resources as he deems ap- 4 propriate for recreation and preservation purposes and for 5 resource development compatible therewith. 6 (b) The lands within the recreation areas, subject to 7 valid existing rights, are hereby withdrawn from location, 8 entry, and patent under the United States mining laws. 9 The Secretary, under such reasonable regulations as he deems 10 appropriate, may permit the removal of the nonleasable 11 minerals from lands or interest in lands within the recre- 12 ation areas in the manner prescribed by section 10 of the 13 Act of August 4, 1939, as amended (53 Stat. 1196; 43 14 U.S.C. 387), and he may permit the removal of leasable 15 minerals from lands or interests in lands within the recreation 16 areas in accordance with the Mineral Leasing Act of Febru- 17 ary 25, 1920, as amended (30 U.S.C. 181 et seq.), or 18 the Acquired Lands Mineral Leasing Act of August 7, 1947 19 (30 U.S.C. 351 et seq.), if he finds that such disposition 20 would not have significant adverse effects on the administra- 21 tion of the recreation areas. 22 (c) All receipts derived from permits and leases issued 23 on lands or interests in lands within the recreation areas 24 under the Mineral Leasing Act of February 25, 1920, as PAGENO="0062" 46 7 1 amended, or the Acquired Lands Mineral Leasing Act of 2 August 7, 1947, shall be disposed of as provided in the 3 applicable Act; and receipts from the disposition of non- 4 leasable minerals within the recreation areas shall be dis- 5 posed of in the same manner as moneys received from the 6 sale of public lands. 7 (d) The Secretary shall permit hunting and fishing on 8 lands and waters under his jurisdiction within the boundaries 9 of the recreation areas in accordance with applicable laws 10 of the United States and of the State of Washington, except 11 that the Secretary may designate zones where, and establish 12 periods when, no hunting or fishing shall be permitted for 13 reasons of public safety, administration, fish and wildlife man- 14 agement, or public use and enjoyment.. Except in emergen- 15 des, any regulations of the Secretary pursuant to this section 16 shall be put into effect only after consultation with the Dc- 17 partment of Game of the State of Washington. 18 (e) The Secretary shall not permit the construction or 19 use of any road within the park which would provide vehic- 20 ular access from the North Cross State Highway to the 21 Stehekin Road. Neither shall he permit the constructioti or 22 use of any permanent road which would provide vehicular 23 access between May Creek and Hozomeen along the east 24 side of Ross Lake. PAGENO="0063" 47 8 1 TITLE V-SPECIAL PROVISIONS 2 SEC. 501. The distributive shares of the respective coun- 3 ties of receipts from the national forests from which the 4 national park and recreation areas are created, as paid under 5 the provisions of the Act of May 23, 1908 (35 Stat. 260), 6 as amended (16 U.S.C. 500), shall not be affected by the 7 elimination of lands from such national forests by the enact- 8 ment of this Act. 9 S~c. 502. Where any Federal lands included in the park 10 or recreation areas are legally occupied or utilized on the 11 effective date of this Act for any purpose, pursuant to a con- 12 tract, lease, permit, or license issued or authorized by any 13 department, establishment, or agency of the United States, 14 the Secretary shall permit the persons holding such privileges ~ to continue in the exercise thereof, subject to the terms and 16 conditions thereof, for the remainder of the term of the 17 contract, lease, permit, or license or for such longer period 18 of time as the Secretary deems appropriate. 19 SEc. 503. Nothing in this Act shall be construed to 20 affect adversely or to authorize any Federal agency to take 21 any action that would affect adversely any rights or privileges 22 of the State of Washington in property within the Ross Lake 23 National B ecreation Area which is being utilized for the 24 North Cross State Highway. SEC. 504. Wi~hin two years from the date of enactment PAGENO="0064" 48 9 1 of this Act, the Secretary of the Interior and the Secretary 2 of Agriculture shall agree on the designation of areas within 3 the park or recreation areas or within national forests ad- 4 jacent to the park and recreation areas needed for public use 5 facilities and for administrative purposes by the Secretary of 6 Agriculture or the Secretary of the Interior, respectively. 7 The areas so designated shall be administered in a manner 8 that is mutually agreeable to the two Secretaries, and such 9 pubhc use facilities, including interpretive centers, visitor 10 contact stations, lodges, campsites, and ski lifts, shall be con- 11 structed according to a plan agreed upon by the two Secre- 12 taries. 13 SEC. 505. Nothing in this Act shall be construed to 14 supersede, repeal, modify, or impair the jurisdiction of the 15 Federal Power Commission under the Federal Power Act 16 (41 Stat. 1063), as amended (16 U.S.C. 791a et seq.), in 17 the recreation areas. 18 SEC. 506. There are authorized to be appropriated such 19 sums as may be necessary to carry out the purposes of titles 20 I through V of this Aët. 21 TITLE VI-WILDEENESS 22 SEC. 601. (a) In order to further the purposes of the 23 Wilderness Act, there is hereby designated, subject to valid 24 existiflg rights~ the Pasayten Wilderness within and as a part PAGENO="0065" 49 10 1 of the Okanogan National Forest and the Mount Baker 2 National Forest, comprising an area of about five hundred 3 thousand acres lying east of Ross Lake, as generally depicted 4 in the area designated as "Pasayten `Wilderness" on the map 5 referred to in section 101 of this Act. 6 (b) The previous classification of the North Cascades 7 Primitive Area is hereby abolished. 8 SEc. 602. The boundaries of the Glacier Peak Wilder- 9 ness, an area classified as such more than thirty days before 10 the effective date of the Wilderness Act and being within 11 and a part of the Wenatehee National Forest and the Mount 12 Baker National Forest, subject to valid existing rights, are 13 hereby extended to include portiomis of the Suiattle River 14 corridor and time White Chuck River corridor on the western 15 side thereof, comprising areas totaling about ten thousand 16 acres, as depicted in the area designated as "Additions to 17 Glacier Peak Wilderness" on the map referred to in section 18 101 of this Act. 19 SEc. 603. (a) As soon as practicable after this Act 20 takes effect, the Secretary of Agriculture shall file a map 21 and legal description of the Pasayten Wilderness and of the 22 Glacier Peak Wilderness, as hereby modified, with the Inte- nor and Insular Affairs Connnittees of the United States 98-524 0 - 68 - pt. 1 - 5 PAGENO="0066" 50 ii 1 Senate and House of Representatives, aiid such descriptions 2 shall have the same force and effect as if included in this Act: 3 Provided, however, That correction of clerical or typograph- 4 ical errors in such legal descriptions and iiiaps iiiay be made. (b) Upon the filing of the legal descriptions and maps 6 as provided for in subsection (a) of this section the Pasayten ~ W11derne~s thiii~thč additions to the Glacier Peak Wilderness ~ shall be administered by the Secretary of Agriculture in 9 accordance with the provisions of the Wilderness Act and 10 thereafter shall be subject to the provisions of the Wilderness ii Act governing areas designated by that Act as wilderness 12 areas, except that any reference in such provisions to the 13 effective date of the Wilderness Act shall be deemed to he a 14 reference to the effective date of this Act. 15 SEC. 604. Within two years from the date of enactment 16 of this Act, the Secretary of the Interior shall review the 17 area within the North Cascades National Park, including 18 the Picket Range area and the Eldorado Peaks area, and 19 shall report to the President, in accordance with subsections 20 3 (c) and 3 (d) of the Wilderness Act (78 Stat. 890; 16 21 U.S.C. 1132 (e) and (d)), his recommendation as to the 22 suitability or nonsuitabihity of any area within the park for PAGENO="0067" 51 12 1 preservation as wilderness, and any designation of any such 2 area as a wilderness area shall be accomplished in accordance 3 with said subsections of the Wilderness Act. Passed the Senate November 2, 19t37. Attest: FRANCIS R. VALEO, Secretary. PAGENO="0068" 52 U.S. DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR, Washington, D.C., March 17, 1967. Ron. JOHN W. M000RMACK, Speaker of the House of Representatives, Washington, D.C. Da~&n MR. SPEAKER: The President, in his January 30, 1967, message on Pro- tecting Our Natural Heritage, recommended that the 90th Congress establish a national park in the North Cascades area in the State of Washington, provided the wilderness and recreation areas are protected. The enclosed draft of a proposed bill will carry out the President's recom- mendatiori. We strongly recommend that it be enacted. The bill is based upon a joint study conducted over `a period of 2'/2 years by this Department and the Department of Agriculture of about 6 million acres of Fed- eral lands in the North Cascade Mountains in Washington. The bill (1) estab- lishes a North Oascades National Park; (2) establishes a Ross Lake National Recreation Area; (3) designates a national forest area as the Pasayten Wilder- ness; (4) designates certain national forest areas for addition to the existing Glacier Peak Wilderness; and (5) provides for the review of the area within the North Cascades National Park with respect to the suitability of any such lands for future designation by the Congress as wilderness areas. A detailed analysis of the provisions of the bill is set forth in an enclosure to this letter. This proposed legislation has been prepared in collaboration with the Secre- tary of Agriculture and has his approval. The man-years and cost-data statements for the North Cascades National Park and Ross Lake National Recreation Area (based on current assumptions and estimates) required by the Act of July 25, 1956 (70 Stat. 652; 5 U.S.C. 642a), when annual expenditures exceed $1 million are enclosed. The Bureau of the Budget has advised that this proposed legislation is in accord with the program of the President. Sincerely yours, STEWART L. UDALL, Secretary of the Interior. A BILL To establish the North Cascades National Park and Ross Lake National Recreation Area, to designate the Pasayten Wilderness and to modify the Glacier Peak Wilderness, In the State of Washington, and for other purposes Be it enacted by the Senate and House of Representatives of the United States of America in Congress assembled, TITLE I-NORTH `CASCADES NATIONAL PARK SEC. 101. In order to preserve for the benefit, use, and inspiration of present and future generations certain majestic mountain scenery, snow fields, glaciers, alpine meadows, and unique natural features in the North Cascade Mountains of the State of Washington, there is hereby established, subject to valid existing rights, the North Cascades National Park (hereinafter referred to in this Act as the "park"). The park shall consist of the lands, waters, and interests therein within the area designated "national park" on the map entitled "Proposed Management Units, North Cascades, Washington," numbered NP-CAS-7000, and dated February 1967. The map shall be on file and available for public in- spection in the office of the Director, National Park Service, Department of the Interior, and in the office of the Chief, Forest Service, Department of Agriculture. TITLE Il-ROSS LAKE NATIONAL RECREATION AREA SEC. 201. In order to provide for the public outdoor recreation use and enjoy- ment of portions of the Skagit River and Ross, Diablo, and Gorge Lakes, together with the surrounding lands, and for the conservation of the scenic, scientific, historic, and other values contributing to public enjoyment of such lands and waters, there is hereby established, subject to valid existing rights, the Ross Lake National Recreation Area (hereinafter referred to in this Act as the "recreation area"). The recreation area shall consist of the lands and waters within the area designated "national recreation area" on `the map referred to in section 101 of this Act. PAGENO="0069" 53 TITLE 111-LAND ACQUISITION Sac. 301. Within the boundaries of the park and recreation area, the Secretary of the Interior (hereinafter referred to in this Act as the "Secretary") may acquire lands, waters, and interests therein by donation, purchase with donated or appropriated funds, or exchange. Lands owned by the State of Washington or any political subdivision thereof may be acquired only by donation. Federal property within the boundaries of the park and recreation area is hereby trans- ferred to the administrative jurisdiction of the Secretary for administration by him as part of the park and recreation area. The national forest land within such boundaries is hereby eliminated from the national forests within which it was heretofore located. Sac..302. In exercising his authority to acquire property by exchange, the Secre- tary may accept title to any non-Federal property within the boundaries of the park and recreation area and in exchange therefor he may convey to the grantor of such property any federally owned property under his jurisdiction in the State of Washington which he classifies as suitable for exchange or other disposal. The values of the properties so exchanged either shall `be approximately equal, or if they are not approximately equal the values shall be equalized by the payment of cash to the grantor or to the Secretary as the circumstances require. Sac. 303. Any owner of property acquired by the Secretary which on the date of acquisition is used for agricultural or single-family residential purposes, or for commercial purposes which he finds are compatible with the use and development of the park or the recreation area, may, as a condition of such acquisition, retain the right of use and occupancy of the property for the same purposes for which it was used on such date, for a period ending at the death of the owner or the death of his spouse, whichever occurs later, or for a fixed term of not to exceed 25 years, whichever the owner may elect. Any right so retained may during its existence be transferred or assigned. Any right so retained may be terminated by the Secre- tary at any time after the date upon which any use of the property occurs which he finds is a use other than one which existed on the date of acquisition. In the event the Secretary terminates a right of use and occupancy under this section, he shall pay to the owner of the right the fair market value of the portion of said right which remains unexpired on the date of termination. TITLE TV-ADMINISTRATIVE PROVISIONS Sac. 401. The `Secretary shall administer the park in accordance with the Act of August 25, 1916 (39 Stat. 535; 16 U.S.C. 1-4), as amended and supplemented. Sac. 402 (a) The Secretary shall administer the recreation area in a manner which in his judgment will best provide for (1) public outdoor recreation bene- fits; (2) conservation of scenic, scientific, historic, and other values contributing to public enjoyment; and (3) such management, utilization, and disposal of re- newable natural resources and the continuation of such existing uses and devel- opments as will promote or are compatible with, or do not significantly impair, public recreation and conservation of the scenic, scientific, historic or other values contributing to public enjoyment. In administering the recreation area, the Secre- tary may utilize such statutory authorities pertaining to the administration of the National Park System, and such statutory authorities otherwise available to him for the conservation and management of natural resources as he deems appropriate for recreation and preservation purposes and for resource develop- ment compatible therewith. (b) The lands within the recreation area, subject to valid existing rights, are her~by withdrawn from location, entry, and patent under the United States mining laws. The Secretary, under such regulations as he deems appropriate, may permit the removal of the nonleasable minerals from lands or interest in lands within the recreation area in the manner prescribed `by section 10 of the Act of August 4, 1939, as amended (53 Stat. 1196; 43 U.S.C. 387), and he may permit the removal of leasable minerals from lands or interests in lands within the recreation area in accordance with the Mineral Leasing Act of February 25, 1920, as amended (30 U.S.C. 181 et seq.), or the Acquired Lands Mineral Leasing Act of August 7, 1947 (30 U.S.C. 351 et seq.), if he finds that such disposition would not have significant adverse effects on the administration of the recreation area. (c) All receipts derived from permits and leases issued on lands or interests in lands within the recreation a:rea under the Mineral Leasing Act of February PAGENO="0070" 54 25, 1920, as amended, or the Acquired Lands Mineral Leasing Act of August 7, 1947, shall be disposed of as provided in the applicable Act; and receipts from the disposition ocf nonileasable minerals within the recreation area shall be dis- posed of in the same manner as moneys received from the sale of public lands. (d) The Secretary shall permit hunting and fishing on lands and waters under his jurisdiction within the boundary of the recreation area in accordance with applicable laws of the United States and of the State of Washington, except that the Secretary may designate zones where, and establish periods when, no hunt- ing or fishing shall be permitted for reasons of public safety, administration, fish and wildlife management, or public use and enjoyment. Except in emergencies, any regulations of the Secretary pursuant to this section shall be put into effect only after consultation with the Department of Game of the State of Washington. TITLE V-SPECIAL PROVISIONS SEC. 501. The distributive shares of the respective counties of receipts from the national forests from which the national park and recreation area are created, as paid under the provisions of the Act of May 23, 1908 (35 Stat. 260), as amended (16 U.S.C. 500), shall not be affected by the elimination of lands from such na- tional forests by the enactment of this Act. SEC. 502. Where any Federal lands included in the park or recreation area are legally occupied or utilized on the effective date of this Act for any purpose, pur- suant to a contract, lease, permit, or license issued or authorized by any depart- ment, establishment, or agency of the United States, the Secretary shall permit the persons holding such privileges to continue in the exercise thereof, subject to the terms and coi~dition's thereof, for the remainder of the term of the contract, lease, permit, or license or for such longer period of time as the Secretary deems appropriate. SEC. 503. Within two years from the date of enactment of this Act, the Secre- tary of the Interior and the Secretary of Agriculture shall agree on the designa- tion of areas within the park or recreation area or within national forests ad- jacent to the park and recreation area needed for administrative purposes by the Secretary of Agriculture or the Secretary of the Interior, respectively. The areas so designated shall be administered in a manner that is mutually agreeable to the two Secretaries. SEC. 504. Nothing in this Act shall be construed to supersede, repeal, modify, or impair the jurisdiction of the Federal Power Commission under the Federal Power Act (41 Stat. 1063), as amended (16 U.S.C. 79.la et seq.), in the recreation area. SEC. 505. There are authorized to be appropriated such sums as may be neces- sary to carry out the purposes of Titles I through V of this Act. TITLE VI-WILDERNESS SEC. 601(a). In order to further the purposes of the Wilderness Act, there Is hereby designated, subject to valid existing rights, the Pasayten Wilderness within and as a part of the Okanogan National Forest and the Mount Baker National Forest comprising an area of about 500,000 acres lying east of Ross Lake, as generally depicted in the area designated as "Pasayten Wilderness" on* the map referred to in section 101 of this Act. (b) The previous classification of the North Cascades Primitive Area is hereby abolished. SEC. 602. The boundaries of the Glacier peak Wilderness, an area c1'as~ified as such more than 30 days before the effective date of the Wilderness Act and being within and a part of the Wenatehee National Forest and the Mount Baker Na- tijonal Forest, subject to valid existing rights, are hereby extended t!o include Portions of the Sulattle River corridor and the White Chuck River corridor on the western `side `thereof, comprising areas totalling about 10,000 acres, `as de- picted in the area designated `as "Additions to Glacier Peak Wildernes's" on the map referred to in secti'on 101 `of this Act. SEC. 603(a). As soon as practicable after this Act takes effect, the Secretary of Agriculture shall file a map and legal description of the Pasayten Wilderness and of the Glacier Peak Wilderness, as hereby modified, with the Interior and Insular Affairs Committees of the United States Senate and House of Representatives, `and such descriptions `shall have the same force and effect as if included in this Act: Provided, however, That correction of clerical or `typographical errors in such legal descriptions `and maps may be made. PAGENO="0071" 55 (b) Upon the filing `of the legal description's `and maps a's provided for in sub- section (a) of this section the Pasayten Wilderness and the additions to the Glacier Peak Wilderness shall be administered by the Secretary `of Agriculture in accordance with the prevision's `of the Wilderness Act and thereafter `shall be subject to the provisions of t'he Wilderness Act governing `areas designated by that Act `as wilderness areas, except that ai~y reference in such provision's to the effec- tive date of the Wilderness Act `shall be deemed to be a reference to the effective date `of this Act. SEC. 604. Within two years from the date of enactment of this Act, the Secre- tary of the Interior shall review the area within the North Cascade's National Park, including the Picket Range area and the Eldorado Peaks area, and shall re- port to the President, in accordance with `subsection's 3(c) and 3(d) of the Wilder- ness Act (78 Stat. 890; 16 U.S.C. 1132(c) and (d)), his recommendation as to the `suitability or n'onsuitabi'lity `of any area within the park for preservation as wilderness, and any designation of any such area as a wilderness area shall be accomplished in accordance with said subsections of the Wilderness Act. ANALYSIS OF BILL Section 101 establishes a North Cascades National Park consisting of about 570,000 acres as depicted on a map on file in the office of the Director, Nation- al Park Service, Department of the Interior, and the office of the Chief, Forest Service, Department of Agriculture. The park will extend from a few miles below the head of Lake Chelan northwestward including the Stehekin Valley, the Eldorado Peaks area, the Thunder Creek drainage, the Picket Range, and Mount Shuksan. At no other place in the United States do' such unique and unparalleled mountain masses occur so close to metropolitan areas. The physical qualifications of the area are such that it will become one of the outstanding units of `the National Park System and will deservedly attract nationwide attention. Over 99 percent of the lands within the proposed boundaries of the North Cas- cades National Park are already in Federal ownership. Section 201 establishes a Ross Lake National Recreation Area of about 100,000 acres which includes portions of the Skagit River and Ross, Diablo, and Gorge Lakes and surrounding lands as depicted on the map referred to in section 101 of the bill. This is an area of outstanding scenic, scientific, historic and other values, and one which will offer a wide variety of outdoor recreation opportu- nities. The recreation benefits associated with the magnificent mountains, for- ests, and waters within the area include camping, picnicking, boating, hunting, fishing, and many other activities. Over 98 percent of the lands within the pro- posed national recreation area are already in Federal ownership. Section 301 sets forth the methods by which the Secretary of the Interior may acquire property within the boundaries of the national park and recreation area. Lands owned by the State or any of its political subdivisions may be acquired only by donation. This section also transfers the National Forest lands within the boundaries of the park and recreation area to the Secretary of the Interior for administration as part of such areas. Section 302 contains the property exchange provisions that have been used in all recent national park and recreation area bills. Section 303 makes clear that if the Secretary acquires any property used on the date of this Act for agricultural, single-family residential, or commercial purposes compatible with park and recreation use and development, the owner may retain a right of use and occupancy for a lifetime or for a fixed term of not more than 25 years. Section 401 provides for the administration of the North Cascades National Park under the Act of August 25, 1916 (39 Stat. 535; 16 U.S.C. 1-4), whIch gov- erns the administration `of all national parks. Section 402 provides that the Ross Lake National Recreation Area will be ad- ministered so as to provide for public outdoor recreation benefits, conservation of the scenic and other values of the area, and for the management, utilization, and disposal of renewable natural resources. In addition, the section permits the leasing of minerals under the Public Land and Acquired Land Mineral Leas. ing Acts, and the leasing of minerals that would otherwise be subject to loca- tion, entry, and patent under the mining laws if the Secretary finds such dis- position would not have significant adverse effects on the administration of the national recreation area. It also provides that hunting and fishing will be PAGENO="0072" 56 permitted within the national recreation area under applicable State and Federal laws. Section 501 provides that the establishment of the national park and recrea- tion area will not affect the present sharing of national forest receipts with the State for use by the affected counties-Skagit, Whatcom, Chelan, Snohomish, and Kittitas-for road and school purposes. Gross revenues to the Mount Baker and Wenatchee National Forests will not be appreciably affected by the creation of the national park and recreation area because the areas involved currently return no appreciable income from timber sales or other sources. However, unless the status quo is maintained with respect to distribution of revenues between the above counties, establishment of the park and recreation area would change the proportionate amounts of national forest receipts allocated to each of those counties. Section 502 requires the Secretary of the Interior to permit one who uses or occupies any Federal lands included in the park or recreation area under a con- tract, lease, permit, or license issued or authorized by any Federal department, agency, or establishment to continue such use or occupancy for the remainder of the term of the instrument or for such longer period of time as the Secretary deems appropriate, but subject to the terms and conditions of the instrument. This section makes clear that the rights of the State of Washington in the prop- erty within the national recreation area used for the North Cross State Highway would not be adversely affected in any way. Section 503 requires the Secretaries of Agriculture and the Interior, within 2 years after the date of this Act, to agree on the designation of the areas within the national park and recreation area and adjacent national forest lands that are needed by the other Secretary for administrative purposes. This section will per- mit the two Secretaries to agree on areas within the park, recreation area, or forest to be used for the development of public access and other facilities in the administration of such areas. Section 504 makes clear that nothing in this bill will affect the jurisdiction of the Federal Power Commission under the Federal Power Act, .as amended, within the national recreation area. Section 505 authorizes the appropriation of funds for the North Cascades Na- tional Park and the Ross Lake National Recreation Area. We estimate the cost of acquiring the private lands that are needed for the park and recreation area at approximately $3 million. Total annual operating expenses for the two areas will be approximately $560,000 after the fifth year. Section 601 designates a new national forest wilderness area, the Pasayten Wilderness, as part of the National Wilderness Preservation System. The Pasay- ten Wilderness consists of about 500,000 acres of land which lies east of Ross Lake, as generally depicted on the map referred to in section 101 of the bill. The western boundary of the Pasayten Wilderness will be coincident with that por- tion of the eastern boundary of the Ross Lake National Recreation Area. Section 602 extends the existing Glacier Peak National Forest Wilderness Area in two places on its western boundary-one extension is in the Suiattle River corridor and the other is in the White Chuck River corridor. The two extensions will add about 10,000 acres to the existing wilderness area. Section 603 requires the Secretary of Agriculture to file with the Senate and House Committees on Interior and Insular Affairs appropriate maps and legal descriptions of the Pasayten Wilderness and Glacier Peak Wilderness as soon as practicable after the date of this Act. These two wilderness areas are to be ad- ministered by the Secretary of Agriculture in accordance with the provisions of the Wilderness Act governing the national forest areas designated by that Act as wilderness areas. Section 604 requires the Secretary of the Interior, within two years after the date of this Act, to review the area within the North Cascades National Park and report to the President on its suitability for preservation as wilderness. Such re- view will be in accordance with the provisions of the Wilderness Act governing the review of national park lands for possible wilderness designation. PAGENO="0073" 57 ESTIMATED ADDITIONAL MAN-YEARS OF CIVILIAN EMPLOYMENT AND EXPENDITURES FOR THE 1ST 5 YEARS OF PROPOSED NEW OR EXPANDED PROGRAMS TO ESTABLISH NORTH CASCADES NATIONAL PARK AND SKAGIT NATIONAL RECREATION AREA Estim 19CY ated additiona 19CY+1 I man-years c 19CY+2 ivilian employment 19CY+3 19CY+4 Executive direction: Superintendent 1. 0 1. 0 1. 0 1. 0 1. 0 Management assistant 1. 0 L 0 Administrativeofficer 1.0 1,0 1.0 1.0 1.0 Secretary 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 Total, executive direction 3. 0 3. 0 3. 0 4. 0 4.0 Substantive: Chief of interpretation and resource manage- ment 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 Staff naturalist 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 Supervisory park ranger 2. 0 2. 0 2. 0 2. 0 2. 0 Supervisory park ranger (subdistrict) 2. 0 2. 0 2. 0 2. 0 2. 0 Park ranger 2. 0 3. 0 3. 0 4.0 5. 0 Park ranger (seasonal) 1. 0 1. 0 2. 6 3. 0 4. 0 Park naturalist (seasonal) 1. 0 1. 0 3. 0 5. 6 Procurement officer 1. 0 1. 0 1. 0 Personnel clerk - 1. ~ Clerk-typist 1. 0 3. 0 3.0 3.0 3. 0 Clerk-typist (seasonal) .6 .6 .6 .6 Fire-control aide (seasonal) 2. 0 2. 6 2. 6 2.6 3. 0 Chief of maintenance 1.0 1.0 1.0 LU 1.0 Foreman Ill R. &T 1.0 1.0 1.0 Operator, general 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.6 Warehouseman - 1.0 LU Truckdriver 1. 0 1. 0 1. 0 1. 0 1. 0 Maintenance man 1. 0 1. 0 2. 0 2. 0 2. 0 Laborer 2.0 3.0 3.0 3.0 5.0 Signmaker 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 Trailforeman(seasonal) 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 Campground caretaker (seasonal) . 6 - 6 1. 0 1. 0 1. 6 Truckdriver (seasonal) . 6 - 6 1. 0 1. 0 1. 6 Maintenance man - 6 - 6 . 6 1.0 1. 6 Laborer 2.0 2.0 2.0 2.0 2.0 Janitor .6 .6 1.0 1.0 Total, subtantive 21. 8 30. 6 36. 0 41. 2 5L0 Total estimated additional man-years of civilian employment 24. 8 33.6 39, 0 45.2 55. 0 ....-.....-,-..~, ~ ~ -.,~.-. ,.. Estimated additional expenditures: Personal services $198, 500 $245,900 $277, 300 $318, 400 $366, 200 All other 562,000 4,284, 000 7,945, 800 8,412,800 8,993, 600 Total, estimated additional expenditures 760, 500 4, 529,900 8,223, 100 8,731, 200 9, 359,800 Obligations: Land and property acquisition 3, 400, 000 Operations (management, protection, mainte- nance) 295, 500 404,900 446, 100 498,200 559,800 Total, estimated additional obligations 3,695, 500 404, 900 446, 100 498,200 559, 800 Mr. TAYLoR. Let me point out that the rules `of the House do not permit the taking of pictures or the making of any radio recordings or other recordings of the proceedings of a House committee, The rules of the other body are different in this respect. The House has never permitted pictures to be taken, either TV or other types of pictures, during its proceedings nor has it permitted any type of radio record- ings to be made. Any pictures wi'l have to be made outside of the hearing room. I understand that `a little later, perhaps in 30 minutes, these parti- tions can be opened. That will give us a larger room. At this time I recognize the chairman of the Committee on Interior and Insular Affairs, Congressman Wayne Aspinall of Colorado. Chairman A5PINALL. Mr. Chairman, members of the committee, and those interested in what has come to he known as a rather controversial PAGENO="0074" 58 piece of legislation, let me say first `of all that a small area has been reserved to public officials. If any of the following witnessesr-Mr. Cole, Mr. Beck, Mr. Sprague, Mr. Farr, Mr. Whetzel, Mr. Nelson, Mr. Trefry, Mr. Winslow. Mr. Pearson, Mr. Hill, Mr. Boyd and Mr. Castles-are sitting elsewhere in this room, they should sit over there in the reserved section so that other people can have the other seats. Now, this is a meeting of a committee of the U.S. Congress and although you are not led to believe by very many `of those interested in the news media of the United States that the Congress of the United States is a dignified body, nevertheless, this committee accepts the re- sponsibility of conducting its proceedings in a dignified manner. That is one reason why we do not permit television pictures, radio, or any- thing like that. If there happens to be a connection here between either this loudspeaker or that one or any `here with an `outside radio and we hear about it, we will more than likely take appropriate action to take care of it. This happened just recently in `one of our hearings. N'ow, we are sitting here as a quasi-judicial body. No one, except those who have already introduced bills, have made up their minds on this legislation. We come to you as people with open minds and we come to you here in this area in `order to `hear you state your positions, individually, as much as time will permit. Inasmuch as we do this, we expect you to return, throughout `all of these proceedings today and tomorrow, the proper respect for this committee. There will be no show of emotion. That means that there will be no applause. `There will be no hissing, and there will be no clapping of hands. You would not do it in a courtroom. You will not do' it in this room. Sometimes there are those who, by some means or other, are able to get quite a following. We do not care who has what following in this committee. We are are here only for facts. We would suggest that since hundreds of people have asked to appear as witnesses, that you tell us if your testimony is going to be repetitious, and that you would like to have your statement placed in the record. We will give it just as much respect as if you stood up and took up time repeating what has `already been `said. Now, with that understanding, and with the further advice to you that the chairman of this subcommittee, Mr. Taylor, knows how to handle a meeting, I want to say that we are glad to be in this great State of Washington. We are glad t'o come here to find out the feelings of the people of this area. We do recognize that there are differences between areas where local government is situated and where people live and people make their living off of areas and areas like Seattle and its surrounding counties where people are seeking to get out in the open. We realize all these things so you do not have to impress that upon us. Most of the members of this committee have been on the committee for a long time and all that we want are your facts and your personal positions. Thank you very much. Mr. TAYLOR. Thank you, Chairman Aspinall. I agree with Chairman Aspinall that in .coneltdering a matte'r of this magnitude it is very important that we have field hearings and th'at we hear from local people. We have come here from `different States. We have given up the Easter recess-which is an `opportunity to get back home with our families and with our own constituents-in order PAGENO="0075" 59 to hear testimony on two important matters here on the west coast. We come with open minds. We are anxious to listen and to see. Now, we hope to hear just as many witnesses as possible. I wish it were possible for us to hear every one of them. In order for us to move with dispatch, we will first hear ~ubl'ic witnesses-public offi- cials, and representatives of different units of government~-and then we will hear representatives of different organizations. Most of them will be given 3 minutes. Then, this afternoon, when we get to private individuals who have requested to testify-and I am impressed with the interest which prompted some 700 people to request to be heard- we, obviously, cannot hear that many people and hear each one very long. When we get to those individuals, we will draw numbers. Each one of you has received a number. Each one who requested to be heard and who is on the list has received a number from the committee clerk. Those will be drawn out of a box and that will determine the order for the people who will be heard. That seemed to us to be the fairest way to proceed. Now, we requested that all witnesses have 50 c.opies of their state- ments. Those will be given to the various members of the committee, to the staff and to the official reporter. If you do not have 50, give whatever you have to the committee staff and they will be distributed in the best possible way. There are a few witnesses who should be given 5 minutes' time. As we have done in other hearings, these will include Representatives in Congress, heads of State departments, principal spokesmen for the different counties and cities that are very much involved, and one principal spokesman for industries and organizations. Now, to help you identify these Congressmen, I would like for each one of them, starting on my right here, to state his name and the State he is from. Mr. SKUBITZ. Joe Skubitz, from Kansas. Mr. MCCLURE. Jim McClure, Idaho. Mr. TAYLOR. On my left. Mr. UDALL. Mo Udall, from Arizona. Mr. Fon~r. Tom Foley, Washington. Mr. KASTENMEIER. Bob Kastenmeier, Wisconsin. Mr. RYAN. Bill Ryan, New York. Mr. KEE. Kee, West Virginia. Mr. MEEDS. Lloyd Meeds, Washington State. Mr. KAzEN. Kazen, from Texas. Mr. TAYLOR. Thank you. Our first witness is Hon. Lloyd Meeds, a Member of Congress whom most of you know. He has been most cooperative and he has been most helpful in regard to this legislation. He is a member of our committee. STATEMENT OF HON. LLOYD MEEDS, A REPRESENTATIVE IN CON~+RESS FROM THE STATE OF WASHINGTON Mr. Mir~s. Thank you, Mr. chairman. It is not my intention to take the valuable time of this committee and of this audience to testify at this time. I would like, Mr. Chairman, with your permission, to reserve that right but to take just a brief PAGENO="0076" 60 time to express my great appreciation to the members of this commit- tee and to welcome them to the peaceful Washington. My appreciation runs deep because I know as the chairman has said, that many of the Members have given up Easter recesses with their families and as importantly, too, being away from their constitutents during this very important time. So, my very deep gratitude to the members of the committee and those witnesses who have prepared testimony. It is my desire and my hope that there will be a full and fair hearing on this matter and that the conclusions that result therefrom will be proper and reasonable conclusions. Thank you very much, Mr. Chairman. Chairman ASPINAL.L. Mr. Chairman, may I reply to our colleague who is a member of this committee and who also is one of the newer Members of Congress, that he has been very cooperative with the chair- man of the full committee, the chairman of the subcommittee, and the members of the committee in his position on this legislation. It becomes a very difficult task when emotions are such as they are for a Member of Congress to have to accept the responsibility which he does. This is especially true when there may be those in the congressional delegation that seemingly are not exactly in harmony with many of the things he has done. Mr. Meeds has been a very, very effective, very cooperative Member and we are glad to be in his area. May I say that this goes for all of the Members of Congress from the State of Washington. Mr. TAYLOR. Our next witness is a Member of Congress who is known to many of you, also. He is a member of our committee, and he, too, has been most helpful and most cooperative as we have worked on this matter. He has talked to me several times and he is disappointed that we are not holding hearings at Wenatchee at this time. He was most disappointed when it was impossible for us to arrange that. STATEMENT OP HON. THOMAS S. FOLEY, A REPRESENTATIVE IN CONGRESS PROM THE STATE OF WASHINGTON Mr. FOLEY. Thank you very much, Mr. Chairman. I am going, of course, to join my colleague, Lloyd Meeds, in reserv- ing my statement until some future time. I want to join him in ex- pressing appreciation to the members of the committee who have come to the State of Washington for these hearings. I do not know if the audience is aware of the fact but I think this is probably the largest contingent of Members of Congress, of either the House or Senate, that has ever appeared in the State of Washington. There are nine Members here this morning from other than this State. They have taken very valuable and precious time from their own districts and from their own families to attend these hearings. I want to say, too, that the chairman of the full committee, as well as the chairman of this subcommittee, Mr. Taylor, are fully aware of the problems that have been associated with holding these hearings. As Mr. Taylor said, I had hoped and still hope that it will be possible to hold hearings east of the mountains in Wenatchee, but considering the schedule of the committee there has been every effort made by the two chairmen to accommodate those who are scheduled to testify. It PAGENO="0077" 61 is impossible, in my judgment, to do that in the time we have, if all those who have requested time actually appear. Over 700 people have asked to testify. The committee is going to make arrangements this afternoon and tomorrow to provide additional hearing space, but I hope everyone and every organization realizes the tremendous pressure this committee is under to recognize and hear as many people as possible. The other thing I would like to say is this, and I think I can prob- ably speak for Lloyd Meeds as well as myself: I am not going to follow the usual practice of asking questions and of recognizing and intro- ducing distinguished people in the audience that would be customary at a congressional hearing. We just do not have time for that. This room is full of distinguished officials of the State and county level. Some of the most important organizations in our State are repre- sented here, and I hope everyone will realize that we are not going to go through the very pleasant and customary practice of making an introduction for those who testify because of `the shortness of time. We are going to ask fewer questions than we would otherwise ask because of the shortness of time, in order to allow everybody to be heard. Thank you, Mr. Chairman. Mr. TAYLOR. Thank you, Congressman Foley. Chairman ASFINALL. May I add my commendation to this young Member of Congress who received a great deal of training as a com- mittee staff member and who serves so ably on our committee. I can advise the Congressman, at this time, that no final decision will be made on this legislation until a hearing is held on the eastern side of the mountains_-the part of Washington which is affected by this leg- islation. It is very difficult to work these meetings into our schedule, but the committee should give the congressional district involved a chance, at least, to have some local hearings. Mr. TAYLOR. Our next witness is Mr. Bert L. Cole, commissioner of public lands, State of Washington. Chairman ASPINALL. I just wish to say this, Mr. Chairman, as Mr. Cole takes the witness podium, that he is one of the very fine, coopera- tive members of the Public Land Law Review Commission of which I am chairman. I am glad to have him as a witness. I wish to thank him for the wonderful work he is doing on the Advisory Council and also as the Governor's representative. Mr. TAYLOR. I happen to be a member of that commission also and I support those statements. You have 5 minutes, Mr. Cole. As I call the witnesses, I am going to say "on deck." That just means you will be next. I hope when a person's name is called, he will come up to the front and take a front seat so that there will be no delay in get- ting to the witness stand. On deck is Representative Beck. STATEMENT OP BERT L. COLE, COMMISSIONER OP PUBLIC LARDS, STATE OP WASHINGTON Mr. COLL Thank you, Mr. Chairman. Mr. Chairman, I am going to make a very brief statement and then PAGENO="0078" 62 I am going to ask the supervisor of our division of mines and geology to finish my statement. Mr. Chairman, members of the committee, Governor Evans has given you the official position of the State of Washington with respect to a plan of management for the North Cascades area. I favor this plan over other proposals being considered. My principal purpose in appearing before you today is to urge cau- tion against hasty establishment of restrictions and boundaries in the North ~IJascades. Further, I urge that should any restrictions be estab- lished, they contain sufficient flexibility to provide for the inevitable changes of our needs and uses in the future. My hope is that you will proceed slowly and carefully, and only after all facts are known and all potential uses and resources of the area are given their full measure of consideration. My reason for urging caution is that in spite of the several surveys and studies made in the North Cascades, there is a considerable inadequacy of basic information necessary for proper guidelines to good resource management. There is disagreement and confusion on the information now available. Facts have been obscured by emotion and narrow self-interest. Perhaps the most glaring example of inadequate information con- cerns the mineral resources of the area. To inform you more fully in this matter, I have requested Marshall Huntting, supervisor of our State division of mines and geology, to submit a report to you and give a brief summary thereof. In closing, I again urge caution against hasty action and suggest that you proceed only after all facts are known and considered. Mr. Chairman, this thought comes because of my close association with the Land Law Review study and other associations that I have had and other studies and the recent responsibilities that the State legislature gave to me of the division of mines and geology. I would like Mr. Huntting to complete this. Marshall? Mr. TAYLOR. Mr. Huntting, you can take the rest of the time. STATEMENT OP MARSHALL T. HUNT'TING, SUPERVISOR, DIVISION OP MINES AND GEOLOGY, WASHINGTON DEPARTMENT OP NATURAL RESOURCES - Mr. HUNTTING. Mr. Chairman, members of the committee, the North Cascades Mountains of Washington is an area of widespread and important mineralization. The largest copper mine we have had in the State is in the area. The mine now is closed but the mining camp is being used by thousands of people each year as a very fine recreational and outdoor religious facility. The mine produced almost $6 million in copper, gold, zinc, and silver in the 20-year period in which it was in operation. Also the area contains a much larger copper deposit that has not yet been brought into production. Records in our office give information on approximately 100 deposits of metallic and nonmetallic minerals in the area. Additional information on these deposits is included in the report which I am submitting for the record. We respectfully ask, one, that no action be taken on proposed legis- lation until the results of the $600,000, 3-year mineral resource inves- PAGENO="0079" 63 tigation of the U.S. Geological Survey and U.S. Bureau of Mines in the 801,000-acre North Cascades primitive area, until the results of this study are published so that they will be readily available not only to Congress but to the public as a whole. No. 2, that no action be taken on proposed legislation until a similar Federal investigation is ordered and completed on the remain- ing 400,000 to 900,000 acres in the rest of the area being considered for classification. Finally, I would like to point out mining and outdoor recreation need not be mutually exclusive. There is no reason why mining and recreation cannot both be accommodated in the 1,200,000 to 1,900,000 acres of land in the area under consideration. Mr. TAYLOR. Your 5 minutes is up. Let me ask you just one question. You suggest that no action be taken until the results of a study are completed and published. Do you have information as to when that will be? Mr. HUNTTING. No, I have not, except in a general way. Sometime ago it was reported that the report would be available on open file sometime this fall and would be published early next year. I under- stand that there is an effort being made to speed up that schedule. Mr. TAYLOR. Any other questions of either witness? Chairman ASPINALL. I have some questions. It is my understanding, Messrs. Cole and Hun'tting, that this matter has been studied off and on since 1960. This might mean that perhaps the studies have not been too inclusive. It might also mean that perhaps it is time to do some- thing soon. Or it might mean that much time having elapsed, we should not be too hurried in our decision. Actually, some studies on the general issues go back several decades. Mr. Huntting, how much activity has the State of Washington put into `studying the values of `this area in the last 62 years? Mr. HTJNTTING. A considerable amount. I first started working for the `State in 1940 in a study of this area in connection with a proposal at that `time to create a park that would extend over a much larger `area. Now, the results of some of these studies have been published. .Just very recently we have completed a study of part of-all of Wh'atcom County, which includes part of the North Cascade's. Chairman ASPINALL. May I interrupt to `ask you if you would fur- nish to me the details that you have in mind. We can place them in the record in answer to that questi'on? Mr. HUNrFING. I will be glad to do so. Chairman ASPINALL. It is commonly known, is it not, throughout the State of Washington, that a national park facility is largely a single use facility. Is that correct? Mr. COLE. Yes, that is correct, Mr. Chairman. Chairman ASPINALL. There will be no hunting; there will be no grazing beyond limited grazing, at least; there will he no oommerci:al activities in the national park facility other than concessionaires. There is no way at all by which we can establish a different policy at this time. Is this correct? Mr. COLE. I understand under the Federal statutes there is not. Chairman ASPINALL. We could establish it as an exception `to the general rule, but we are loath `to do that. Just recently we had the Oanyonlands Na'tional Park in Utah. Those who proposed it wanted PAGENO="0080" 64 to have hunting and they wanted to have mining and other things, but they finally were driven into the position that they had to accept the policy of national parks. Now, as I understand it, Mr. Cole, your position is purely a position for public multiple use of the values within the area. Is that correct? Mr. COLE. Tha;t is right, sir. Chairman ASPINALL. Thank you very much. Mr. TAYLOR. Any other questions from any of the members? If not, Mr. Cole, and Mr. Huntting, we thank you for your testimony. (Mr. IHuntting's complete statement follows:) STATEMENT OF MARSHALL T. HUNTTING, SUPERvISoR, DIVISION OF MINES AND GEOLOGZ WASHINGTON DEPARTMENT OF NATURAL RESOURCES The rapidly increasing demandS for all kinds of land uses and the fact that our total supply of land is fixed have proven that we must practice multiple use of our lands to a much greater extent in the future than we have in the past. It is obvious that we cannot afford to classify large blocks of our lands for single use or restricted uses, if the lands can accommodate a variety of properly managed uses. We believe that the 12,529,000 acres of federally owned land in Washington should be managed for multiple use to the greatest extent possible. None of the bills presently being considered meet the requirements of this concept. They would classify 1,200,500 to 1,891,000 acres of `land in the North Cascades for restricted recreational use only. This would be in addition to the already existing 1,747,000 acres within two national parks `and three wilderness and wild areas in Washington State where only certain restricted recreational uses are permitted. Under U.S. Forest Service management, most of the North Cascades `area has been open to multiple recreational uses as well as resource development. The North Cascades at present are available for every type of outdoor recreation, in- cluding driving for pleasure, camping, picnicking, boating, hunting, fishing, skiing, rockhounding, and `hiking. A large area is currently reserved primarily for wilderness-type recreation-hiking `and horseback riding and such hunting and fishing `as is possible in roadless areas. The North Cascades are valuable for recreational use, and the area is cur- rently being used for `as wide a range of recreational activities as is possible under present conditions, with roads mostly extending only into the fringes of the area. The greatest need is for more roads, not only for recreational use but for resource use as well. In March 1963, the Secretaries of Interior and Agriculture ordered a five-man study team of their representatives to review the resource potentials of the Federal lands in the North Cascades north of the White Pass highway and to make recommendations as to future management of those lands. The report of the Study Team revealed that the two Federal departments could not hide their long-standing jealousies and could not agree on their most important recommenda- tions. Thus, some of the recommendations were those of Mr. Edward C. Crafts, Study Team Chairman, and Director of the Bureau of Outdoor Recreation. Mr. Crafts acknowledged that "The report does not necessarily reflect the views of the cooperating agencies or individuals, or the State of Washington," but the re- port does show that of 257 organizations that voiced opinions at the public hear- ings on the use of the North Cascades, 208 favored multiple use management and only 49 favored a national park and additional wilderness. Of 216 individual witnesses who gave oral statements, 126 endorsed the present Forest Service management and only 87 favored more wilderness or the creation of a national park. In spite of this opposition, minority pressure groups have succeeded in getting Senate Bill 1321 through the Senate. Since the creation of the national forests of the North Cascades in 1893 the land has been used for mining, logging, grazing, reservoirs, and recreation purposes. Each year the use of the area for recreation purposes increases, and it is estimated that by the year 2000 recreation use will double or even triple. This means that 19 million people will use the North Cascades about 30 years from PAGENO="0081" 65 now. In 1962 the public use per year was about 7 million and was distributed as follows: Percent Sightseeing and picnicking 54. 0 Camping 23.0 Winter sports 11. 0 Fishing and hunting & 0 Riding and hiking 2.0 Wilderness travel .2 Other uses such as nature studies 1. 8 From these figures it can be seen that `the majority of the people wh.o use the North Cascades for recreation purposes depend on access by road, and use public campsites and recreation areas. Only two-tenths of one percent of the people use the remote areas for wilderness travel. In effect, this means that the establish- ment of large inaccessible restricted-use areas would be for the benefit of an extremely small number of people-not the general public. Bear in mind that should 19 million people be using the North Cascades for recreational purposes by `the year 2000, placing restrictions on the greater part of the area would not solve any problems but could create many new ones. Of the multiple uses of the land in the North Cascades, mining in recent years has received little attention. This contrasts sharply with the early history of the area. The first white men to penetrate this region were prospectors', and for many years, these explorers and developers of new wealth were essentially the only people to use the area. For years the North Cascades of Washington have been looked upon as a potential source of gold, silver, copper, lead, zinc, and other valuable minerals. However, because of the remoteness of the area, poor access has greatly hampered exploration and development of many significant mineral deposits. Over a span of 92 years, from 1875 to 1967, more than 52,000 mining claims were staked for minerals in Whatcom, Skagit, Snohomish, Chelan, and Okanogan Counties. Roughly 7,800, or 15 percent, of these claims are within the boundaries of the North Cascades National Park and `the wilderness and recreation areas proposed by S. 1321. Many of the claims are no longer valid, but several hundred individuals still hold valid claims, and at least 90 claims have been patented to become privately owned property. Patents were issued on these claims by the United States Government because the land was considered more valuable for its minerals than for other purposes. Numerous reports have documented the mineral resources in the area. The most comprehensive reports are two-part 600-page inventories of metallic and non- metallic mineral resources of Washington, published by the Division of Mines and Geology of our own Washington State Department of Natural Resources, and a 436-page document on mineral and water resources of Washington prepared for Senator Henry M. Jackson's Committee on Interior and Insular Affairs in 1966. However, such reports as these must be recognized as being simply compila- tions of the available information about earlier prospecting and geological in- vestigations. They only hint at possibilities for the future. Our Division of Mines and Geology will soon have completed an investigation of the mineral resources of Whatcom County, the eastern part of which lies within the areas classified by S. 1321. Our report on this investiga'tion should be published within the next few months. Because the North Cascades Primitive Area in the eastern part of the County was being investigated by parties from the U.S. Geological Survey and the U.S. Bureau of Mines, our geologist con- centrated his work mostly outside the primitive area and thus outside the area involved in S. 1321. However, he did take a few geochemical samples of stream sediments from the primitive area for analysis, and two samples from Sulphide Creek, on the southeast flank of Mount Shuksan, showed molybdenum contents far higher than those in any of more than 1,500 samples taken during the past 3 years from practically all the known mineralized areas in the State. This lAlustrates the need for further and much more detailed exploration in the Sul- phide Creek area before the area is permanently closed to mineral entry by the national park. Although the known mineral deposits in the North Cascades are scattered throughout the region, most of the significant deposits `appear to be concentrated in s'even distinct areas or metalliferous provinces within or immediately adjacent to the recreational areas proposed by 5. 1321. Each of these areas contains deposits 98-524 0-68-pt. 1-6 PAGENO="0082" 66 of metals and nonmetals that have been previously mined, are presently being mined, or could be mined in the future. These seven areas are shown on the map: Area I, containing 32,000 acres, is north of Mount Sbuksan in north-central Whatcom County. It centers around a gold belt that has produced over 11/2 million dollars in gold. In addition to gold, the area has 12 significant deposits of silver, lead, zinc, copper, and molybdenum. There are 16 patented mining claims in the area, but lack of access prevents development of them. Area II, consisting of 5,350 acres, is in central Whatcom County. It centers around Sulphide Creek, 3 miles southeast of Mount Shuksan. Significant deposith of molybdenum are known in the area, and rock alteration, which often is asso- ciated with metal deposits, is widespread. Several deposits of molybdenum are currently being explored to determine if mining is feasible. This is the area in which the highest values in molybdenum from more than 1,500 geochemical samples of stream sediments in the State of Washington were found recently by a geologist on our staff. Area III, containing 25,000 acres in northeastern Skagit County, 6 miles north- east of Marbiemount, has produced quartz, talc, and mica. Phe most readily accessible deposits of quartz and talc in the North Cascades are in this area, and currently several quartz and talc deposits are being mined. State Highway 20 crosses the area, so access to most mineral deposits is good. Area IV, in eastern Skagit County, includes upper Thunder Creek and the Casr cade Pass and Horseshoe Basin mining districts. It contains one of the most concentrated groups of mineral deposits and mining claims in the North Cascades. Within an area of 82,000 acres there are at least 35 significant deposits of marble, gold, silver, copper, lead, and zinc. Of several hundred mining claims in the area, nearly 100 are patented. The upper Thunder Creek district contains 51 patented claims, and the Cascade Pass district contains 46. Recent important discoveries of high-grade silver and lead ore in the upper Thunder Creek district have resulted in increased exploration there. Near Cascade Pass, a flotation mill to treat complex ores is under construction, and exploration and development have been carried on for the past several years to place several silver, lead, and zinc properties into production. However, the biggest problem of the area is access. Many deposits are 15 miles from the nearest road, and only two properties are accessible by road. Area V, 46,750 acres in eastern Snohomish County and northwestern Chelan County, is northeast of Glacier Peak. It contains the largest known deposit of copper in the Northwest. Ore reserves at Kennecott's Glacier Peak property are reported to exceed 100 million pounds of copper. The area contains deposits of copper, molybdenum, uranium, gold, and silver that are covered by 23 patened and numerous unpatented mining clams. Limited exploration and development work is being carried on at the Glacier Peak property, and in the southeast part of the area, deposits of copper are being explored. As in other areas, the lack of access roads prevents full development of several mineral deposits. Area VI, consisting of 68,750 acres in eastern Whatcom County, centers around Ruby and Slate Creeks in an important gold-producing region of the North Cas~ cades. Over 3 million dollars in gold has been produced from the area, which contains 20 significant deposits of gold, silver, copper, lead, and zinc. The area contains one of the few operational gold mills in the State, and exploration at several gold properties has been underway for several years. Of the several hun- dred mining claims in the area, 50 are patented. Most of the area is accessible by road. Area VII, consisting of 5,000 acres in north-central Okanogan County centers around Eight Mile and Billy Goat Passes. The area contains deposits of copper, lead, and barite that have yet to be adequately explored. These seven metallized areas of the North Cascades comprise 264,850 acres, of which 164,000 acres fall within the boundaries of the proposed park, wilder- ness, and recreation areas. These 164,000 acres make up less than 10 percent of the 1,660,000 acres that are proposed for the park, wilderness, and recreation areas, including the already existing Glacier Peak Wilderness. The known min- eral deposits in the metallized areas are so situated that relatively short roads would make them accessible and would thus permit exploration and development of the mineral resources. In addition to benefiting the owners of the mineral de- posits, who should not be denied access to their properties, the access roads would serve the general public who use the national forests for recreational as well as for other purposes. To permit mining in the metallized areas of the North Cascades would thus contribute to the recreational use of the region. As has PAGENO="0083" 67 been the case in the past, the public would have the use of any roads in the national forest that might be built for mining or logging. The majority of the mineral deposits in the metallized areas are of the vein type and would require underground mining methods to remove the ore. Such mining operations do not leave huge open pits on the surface but require only a small opening at the surface. On large disseminated metal deposits, such as Kennecott's copper deposit near Glacier Peak, underground block caving could probably be used, as heavy snowfalls would make open pit mining difficult. Once the minerals have been extracted, the portal to the mine could be closed. Current interest tends more to the large low-grade ore deposits, some of which undoubt- edly would have to be mined by open pit methods, but such open pits are tiny by comparison with the vast natural exposures of bare rock that are so widespread in the North Cascades. In the North Cascades, where the growth of vegetation is rapid, the works of man, such as abandoned mines, are soon obliterated. From 1900 to 1958, the production of minerals from the North Cascades areas in and adjacent to the lands classified by S. 1321 has been in the neighborhood of 69 million dollars. Few people are aware of this activity, as the mines from which the metals came occupy very small areas and make up only a tiny fraction of the total landscape~ The largest mine in the Cascades was the Howe Sound property at Holden, on Railroad Creek, just outside the eastern border of the Glacier Peak Wilder- ness. In the 20-year period that this mine was in operation it produced metals having a total value of $66,494,712. The ore deposit was discovered in 1887, but did not come into production until 1938, after 10 years of exploration and devel- opment. After producing $38,434,257 in copper, $20,703,414 in gold, $5,679,529 in zinc, and $1,677,512 in silver from 10 million tons of ore, the mine became un- profitable and was closed in 1957. The company then gave its Holden property to the Lutheran Church, which now maintains an attractive and much-used recrea- tional camp, using some of the old mine-camp buildings for housing and recrea- tion, and using the mine road for access. The most recent Federal investigation of the mineral resources in the North Cascades is the study now nearing completion that was required by the Wilder- ness Act of 1964. This 3-year investigation by parties from both the U.S. Geo- logical Survey and the U.S. Bureau of Mines has covered the 801,000-acre North Cascades Primitive area, which comprises the Pasayten Wilderness, the north part of the North Oascade National Park, and part of the Ross Lake National Recreation Area proposed by S. 1321. William Pecora, Director of the U.S. Geological Survey, reports that $600,000 has been spent on this work. This would be a shameful waste of the taxpayers' dollars if any legislation were to be passed prior to the time the results of this Federal Survey can be made available, not only to Congress but also to all interested parties. This means that the results must be published, so they will be readily available to all. Currently the North Cascades have something to offer to all, and still most of the area can retain its primitive condition. However, with the creation of a Na- tional Park and restricted-use wilderness and recreation areas, the problems and congestion that plague the present National Parks in the west will be forced upon the North Cascades. The most logical approach to the management of the North Cascades appears to be the presept multiple-use concept. Most of the area is suitable only for recreation, and increased access to the scenic parts of the North Cascades would be in the interest of the majority of the people who wnuld use the area. Carefully regulated grazing, logging, and mining operations would affect only an extremely small part of the 1.2 million to 1.9 million acres under consideration and would not seriously impair the overall recreation values of the north Cascades. Our modern society is recreation oriented, primarily because of the very high standard of living that we enjoy as an industrial nation. To maintain this stand- ard we are dependent upon the continued availability of essential minerals. Walter R. Hibbard, Director of the U.S. Bureau of Mines, has stated that the United States has used more minerals in the past 30 years than did the rest of the world in all recorded history. On a per capita basis we use 7 times as much steel, 9 times as much aluminum, and 6 times as much copper, lead and zinc as the rest of the world. Each year the per capita consumption of minerals in the United States rapidly increases. In the minerals vitally important to our economy, our country is by no means self dependent, and it is becoming less so each year. From 1953 through 1957 PAGENO="0084" 68 the United States imported 14 of the 16 major metals or their ores. Currently, the United States is the major producer of oniy 8 of these 16 metals, and a major exporter of only 2 of them. In recent years, foreign countries have found it prof- itable to exploit their own mineral resources, and at the same time our own essential mineral resources are being rapidly depleted. The problem of meeting the United States' demand for essential manerals is critical, and the mineral industry, in order to survive, must have a discovery rate consistent with its production. However, the discovery of new mineral deposits is very costly and time consuming. It has been estimated that sustained expioration in the United States at an annual expenditure rate of one million dollars might result in the average of one important discovery every 10 years. As part of the Strategic Minerals Development Program in the United States from 1939 through 1949, mineral occurrences totaling 10,071 were examined. Of these occurrences, only 1,053 developed some ore reserves and only one property became a major producer. How can anyone believe that in the event of a national emergency, mineral production could be increased in a short time by opening new mines? Even if the minerals needed in such an emergency were already known, it would take from 2 to 5 years and cost several hundred thousand to several million dollars to place a mine in production. A readily available supply of minerals is absolutely essential to the economic growth and security of our country, and we cannot lock up areas of known un- exploited mineral deposits while the demand for minerals continues. Each .year in the United States, large areas of land in urban areas are being removed from possible mineral production through zoning regulations, and at the same time large areas of public domain are being withdrawn for recreational uses. Thus, each year the land in our country available for the production of minerals grows smaller as the demand for minerals grow larger. The Advisory Committee on Mineral Research in 1956 pointed out that 90 percent of the metal- lic wealth of the United States has come from less than 1,000 square miles of the more than 3,600,000 square miles of our nation's area. The North Cascades is one of the remaining areas in the United States that has a potential for providing significant amounts of much-needed minerals, and this area should not be abandoned for less critical uses. In 1965 over $148 million in gold, silver, copper, lead, and zinc ores and concentrates were imported into the United States. These metals occur in significant amounts in the North Cascades, and in the national interest, the management of the North Cascades should be such as to permit-in fact encourages-exploration for and production of the mineral resources of the area. RECOMMENDATIONS (1) No action be taken on proposed legislation until the results of the $G00,000, 3-year investigation of mineral resources in the 801,000-acre North Cascade Prim- itive area are published, so they will be readily available not only to Congress but also to all interested parties. (2) No action be taken on proposed legislation until a similar mineral investi- gation is ordered and completed on the remaining 400,000 to 900,000 acres in the area being considered for classification. (3) Upon completion of these investigations, all areas found to have mineral resources should be classified in such a way that the mineral resources will be open for exploration and development, subject to reasonable restrictions: to protect recreational and other values. Mr. TAYLOR. We will change the procedure just a bit. Let us hear Mr. John Biggs, director of the Washington State Department of Game. STATEMENT OP JOHN A. EIGGS, DIRECTOR OP THE WASHINGTON STATE DEPARTMENT OP GAME Mr. Bi~s. Mr. Chairman, gentlemen, my name is John A. l3iggs. I am the director of the Washington State Department of Game and I am representing the Washington State Game Commission. PAGENO="0085" PROPOSED MANAGEMENT UNITS /////,~,, NORTH CASCADES WASHINGTON SENATE BILL 1321 LEG END MANAGEMENT UNIJ BOUNDARIES - EXISTING ROADS _______ PROPOSED ROADS NATIONAL FOREST BOUNDARIES GLACIERS Data on this mapcrethe same cs that shown on drawing number NP-CAS-7002. but ona different base Areas of significant mineral deposits Metallic mineral deposits 0 Nonmetallic miheral deposits ~ 2 0 4 a 12 I \\ 4~\ SCAlE 115 MILES OCV~1EE I~67 PAGENO="0086" PAGENO="0087" 69 Our department is charged with the responsibility of managing, conserving and providing for the harvest of resident species of fish and game in the State of Washington. More than 900,000 people now fish and hunt in our State, and it is estimated that this figure will exceed a million within the next 2 years. The creation of a third large national park in the North Cascades region of our State would be at the very serious expense of public fishing and hunting in the State of Washington. Hunting would be prohibited in the park area and only limited fishery management and restocking programs would be maintained. Wildlife populations in the area proposed to be embraced within the North Cascades National Park enjoy the highest state of abundance they have ever known. They have been well managed and well con- served. No argument has been advanced that complete preservation of them is either necessary or desirable. For the reason that there are several park proposals varying in size, and amendments to present bills which do the same thing, and because of seasonal variations, it is difficult to exactly determine the present harvest of wildlife in these proposed park areas. Generally, however, and with these qualifications hunters annually take slightly more than 1,000 deer and 40 mountain goats in the proposed park areas. Proponents of the park point out that this is but a small percentage of the State's total annual big game harvest. This is not a realistic measurement of value. Our high mountain deer and mountain goat hunting is the epitome of hunting in our `State. It provides the hunter an opportunity to go into the high mountains during that period of the year when they are at their greatest beauty, to camp out and to enjoy this scenic wonder- land, while engaging in one of America's most traditional and honored forms of outdoor recreation-the hunting of big game. The season occurs during September, after Labor Day and after the time that other recreationists have left these mountains. Hunting at this time in no way interferes with the interests of other people. Deer use this area as a summer and early fall range and with the first snows, migrate to lower country, where they are often a problem to orchardists and agriculturists in the lower valleys. It cannot be argued that hunting seasons in any way deplete resident species of wildlife occupying this high country. Equally, it cannot be argued that hunting seasons in any way detract from the opportunity of viewing wildlife during the summer period. A prohibition against hunting ignores all of the lessons and all of the scientific knowledge which has been accumulated in the field of wildlife management during the past 50 years, which all add up to this: That wildlife populations, as other renewable resources, can and should be harvested under controls, in order to maintain these popu- lations in a strong and healthy condition, and especially to maintain the environment of wildlife which is essential to its well-being, and which inevitably will deteriorate without population control. That a no-hunting policy is a regressive policy is amply proven by the fact that in our own State in the Olympic National Park, which was created and has been maintained on the basis of emotion rather than practicality, huge herds of elk are locked up and unused; the result of this has been that the range of these elk is rapidly deteriorat- PAGENO="0088" 70 ing, and increasingly they are being forced out of the park into the lower valleys where they either die, are killed by ranchers to protect their property, or must be taken under hunting seasons which are only eliminating seasons. The Nation has been sickened watching the application of similarly outmoded policies in the Yellowstone and Grand Teton National Parks, where elk by the thousands have been ruthlessly slaughtered by Park Service employees under the most abject circumstances which complete'y destroys the great natural dignity of this wonderful specie of wildlife; only for the reason that an outmoded, wornout, disproved policy of preservation prohibited their taking under more humane and sportsmanlike conditions. Why should we compound these tragic errors and further these empty philosophies in the North Cascades? There is no reason in logic, or in fact, to deprive the general public of the opportunity to legiti- mately hunt big game in the proposed park area. To do so, would be an unnecessary deprivation of the opportunity to engage in whole- some big game hunting by responsible people under proven principles of conservation. The impact upon sports fishing, although less dramatic, is even more detrimental. The use of fishing waters within the proposed park area is an in- creasingly intensive one and the necessity for active restocking pro- grams has clearly been proven. Presently, they are nearly all annually restocked by the department of game from our system of trout hatcheries, utilizing airplanes. Such a program of stocking is essential for the reason these waters offer little or no potential for natural restocking. These are the reasons why a large national park in the North Cas- cades and a third national park in the State of Washington would be highly detrimental to the interests of hundreds of thousands of fisher- men and hunters. The result would be a taking of legitimate and badly needed hunting and fishing opportunities without a logical reason of any kind. If I may, I would like to close by noting the classic words of that nationally known dean of American conservationists, Dr. George A. Seike, as part of his statement contained in the official North Cascades Study Report. They are: "It is my opinion that we have overlooked the possibilities of both hunting and fishing, but especially hunting, in planning for the future. These are two of the finest of our traditional sports that appeal especially to youth approaching manhood. It is my strong opinion that hunting and fishing should receive more atten- tion as we consider our outdoor recreation responsibilities. These fine diversions have honorable traditions of their own and each has en- riching concomitants that are wholesome for our youths. We simply must see that they are continued as an important part of posterity's heritage." The establishment of a third major national park in this State will not assit in achieving these goals. Our need in the State of Washington is not one of setting aside major areas of public land for the selective recreational desires of groups of people, rather, it is a compelling need to make all of our public lands available for the recreational needs of all of our people. This is not only the need of today, it is an essential need of tomor- row. Fishermen and hunters and fishing and hunting will pay the PAGENO="0089" 71 greatest price of all for a North Cascades National Park, a price which is not necessary, a price which should not be imposed upon them. Thank you. Mr. TAYLOR. Thank you very much. Chairman ASPINALL. Mr. Chairman, I could not let this opportunity go by without acknowledging the services of Mr. Bi~gs as a member of the Advisory Council of the Public Land Law Review Commission. He is doing a most constructive and most effective job in this capacity, and I personally want to thank him. Of course, we have already read your statement. As you know, we read statements about four time as fast as they can be orally read. This is a statement which is entirely in the interests of the game and fish operation which is under your jurisdiction. Is that not correct? Mr. Bioos. That is correct, Mr. Chairman. Chairman ASPINALL. We are very glad to have it. Thank you very much. Mr. Bioos. Thank you very much. Mr. TAYLOR. Just one question. Are you opposed to the creation of the park? Mr. BIGGS. Yes, I am, Mr. Chairman. I am opposed to the creation of `the park because of the prohibition against fishing `and hunting and because of the fact that these resources would come under a pro- hibitive type of Federal management, and I do not feel that to be necessary. Mr. TAYLOR. Any other members? Chairman ASPINALL. Would that be true with reference to any par- ticular facility? Even if it could be limited to 100,000 or 200,000 acres? You would be opposed to it just the same? Mr. BIGGS. Mr. Chairman, I think I understand the realities of this situation and I cannot deny that a park could be placed in the North Cascades of moderate size of a wilderness type and that the depriva- tion of fishing and hunting would not be great. I would hope that something like that could be considered. Mr. TAYLOR. Thank you very much, Mr. Biggs. Representative C. W. Beck, Washington House of Representatives. On deck, Mr. Sprague. STAT!EMENT OP 0. W. BECK, WASHINGTON HOUSE OP BEPRESE.NTATIVES' Mr. BECK. I appreciate very much this opportunity to appear be- fore you today, in your consideration of 5. 1321. As a legislator I am particularly interested in preserving to the greatest extent possible the full use of the mineral, forest and recreational resources of the North Cascades area. I am a dedicated conservationist, and as such I define conservation as the most effective and efficient multiple usage of the resources that nature gave us in this valuable area. Quite frankly, it is my conclusion that these goals best can be served by retaining as much as possible of the area under consideration within the jurisdiction of the U.S. Forest Service, as is the case at present. As a member of the legislature's joint committee on highways, it has been my pleasure to work over the years for the ultimate construction of the North Cross State Highway, which bisects the area proposed for a national park, in S. 1321. PAGENO="0090" 72 A pioneer road, as you know, will be completed across the final link of the cross-State highway this summer, and construction is pro- ceeding from both the east and west sides of the Cascades. Certainly, every provision should be contained in the legislation finally enacted to provide for this road corridor. When completed, this route not only will have great scenic value but will also serve as an important transportation facility for com- mercial, business and recreational travel between the northeastern, central, and northwestern portions of the State. In this connection, I would urge that the legislation provide for the retention of adminis- trative responsibility for the State highways in this area by the State highway commission. The area under consideration for National Park Service jurisdic- tion, it seems to me, is too valuable to be placed in such limited cate- gories of use as sightseeing, hiking, skiing, and camping. These lands always have been under the control of the Forest Serv- ice and we have had good multiple usage, including the activities which would be limited under the National Park Service and many other uses not permitted in a national park. For example, the greatest damage to be done to this area if it is entirely converted into a park is to destroy the hunting and fishing and stop the controlled harvesting of timber and the orderly extrac- tion of minerals. It has been the receipts from timber sales which have aided in finan- cing the North Cross State Highway. Ask the people of this State if they would rather have this new, modern traffic artery, or 70,000 acres with little or no access. Their vote would be a resounding "yes~ in favor of the road and the timber harvest that pays for it. There are more than 700,000 hunting and fishing licenses sold in the State of Washington. This particular area provides some of the most outstanding fishing and hunting in the Nation. Hundreds of the alpine lakes are planted with trout annually by the State game department in this area. Working together, the State departments of game and fisheries and the department of natural resources, the land managers of the inter- spersed State lands, are providing maximum sport and recreation usage, in close cooperation with the U.S. Forest Service. These hunting and fishing activities contribute in excess of $135 million, annually, to the State's economy. From the standpoint of mineralization, the North Cascades is one of the remaining areas in the United States that has a potential for pro- viding significant amounts of much-needed mineral resources. Some of the statistics on importation of minerals show that in 1965, more than $148 million in gold, silver, copper, lead and zinc ores were brought into the United States. These metals occur in significant amounts in the North Cascades, and in the national interest, management of the area should be such as to permit exploration and development of these resources. In this respect, I urge that no action be taken on S. 1321 until coni- pletion of the present 3-year study authorized by the Wilderness Act of 1964 and being made by the U.S. Geological Survey and the U.S. Bureau of Mines of the mineral resources of the North Cascades. PAGENO="0091" 73 This study is being made at a cost of $600,000 to the Federal Gov- ernment, and encompasses some 801,000 acres in the northern portion of the area. I would urge, also, that no action be taken on S. 1321 until a similar mineral investigation is ordered and completed on the re- maining 400,000 acres being considered by this legislation for other than U.S. Forest Service classification. Upon completion of both of these investigations, all areas having mineral resources should be classified in such a way as to keep them open for exploration and development by the mining industry, subject to reasonable restrictions to protect recreational and other values. The importance of completion of current mineral studies i's empha- sized by a separate investigation of the resources of Whatcom County, the eastern part of which lies in the areas classified by S. 1321. I am advised that the State division of mines and geology will publish its report within the next 2 months. Geochemical samples of stream sediments from Suiphide Creek, on the southeast corner of Mount Shuskan, show molybdenum contents far higher than those in any of more than 1,500 samples taken during the past 3 years fro'm practically all the mineralized areas in the, State. This shows the need for further, more detailed exploration in areas such as Sulphide Creek before they are permanently closed to mineral en'try by the national park, as proposed in 5. 1321. Of seven known mineralized areas in the North Cascades, compris- ing some 264,85'O acres, 164,000 `acres fail within the boundaries of the proposed national park, wilderness, and recreation areas. These 164,000 acres make up less than 10 percent of the 1,660,000 acres that are proposed for these three classifications; including the the already existing Glacier Peak Wilderness Area. The known mineral deposits are so situated that relatively short roads would make them accessible and would thus permit exploration and development of these resources. In addition, such mining roads would serve the general public who use the national forest for recreation, hunting, and fishing. To permit mining in the metalized areas of the North Cascades, would thus con- tribute to the recreational development of the region. In the North Cascades, where the growth of vegetation is rapid, the works of man, such as abandoned mines, are soon obliterated. From 1900 to 1958, the production of minerals from lands in and adjacent to the lands classified `by S. 1321 has been in the neighborhood of $69 million. Few peop'le are aware of this activity, since the mines from which the metals came occupy very small areas and make up only a small fraction of the total landscape. Currently, the North Cascades have something to offer to all citi- zens, and still most of the area can be maintained in its primitive con- clition, open to hunters, fishermen, and recreationists of all types. With the creation of a national park and restricted-use wilderness md recreation areas, the problems and congestion that plague the present national parks in the West will be forced on the. North flascades. The most logical concept in management for the area `is the reten- ;ion `of `the `multiple-use program of `the U.S. Forest Service to the ~reatest extent possible, and that no national park areas be authorized. ~Vhere wilderness area's can be established, such as in the Glacier Peak, ~Mdorado, Okanogan, and Mount Baker regions, I recommend that PAGENO="0092" 74 hunting and fishing continue to be permitted and be administered by the State of Washington Department of Game. Than you very much for this opportunity to appear before the committee today. Mr. TAYLOR. Your time is up. Mr. BECK. Thank you very kindly. Mr. TAYLOR. With respect to all of `the statements, I might state that they will be placed in the record to the extent that they conform with our rules. Now, is it your position that, even if `the size of this park is limited, you would be opposed `to it if hunting is prohibited? Mr. BECK. Well, like Mr. Biggs, I think we must face this in reality. The management under which it. is now, provides all of the services that would be presented under a park department administration. In order to appease some of `these outside of the State interests that are trying to force this large area onto us in the State of Washington, I realize that perhaps some park may be of necessity up there. Ohairman ASPINALL. May I reply to that. Of `the correspondence that we get from your own metropolitan areas, your people are also asking for a large park, so do not try to get the State of Washington out from under this responsibility [laughter and applause]. No, no. No applauding. We mean just exactly what we say when this gavel falls. Sometimes we adjourn meetings. We want that under- stood. We ask these questions in order to understand each other. As I understand it, you take practically the same position that Mr. Biggs takes; is that correct? Mr. BECK. Mr. Biggs and Mr. Cole; yes, sir. Chairman ASPINALIL. Th'ank you. Mr. TAYLOR. Any ~ther questions? Mr. MEEDS. Mr. Chairman----- Mr. TAYLOR. The gentleman from Washiiigtoii. Mr. Mr~ns. I would like to `ask the witness if it is not true `that under both the `Senate bill and `the House bill that the jur.isdiction and re- sponsibility for the North `Cross State Highway would remain in the State highway commission? Mr. BECK. I believe that `to be correct; yes, sir. Mr. MEEDS. Thank you. - Mr. BECK. I might add `that I think that `the proposal that Governor Evans and `his study committee have made is superior to the Senate bill, `in my opinion. Mr. TAYLOR. Thank you very much. I now recognize the Congressman from Washington to introduce the next witness. Mr. FOLEY. Mr. Chairman, I am about to enjoy a pleasure that is rarely mine, to present to the committee and to those in attendance here this morning the distinguished Governor of the State of Wash- ington, the Honorable Dan Evans. I know the committee is very pleased that Governor Evans has taken the time to appear personally and state his position and that of the State of Washington with respect to this legislation. Governor, I said a little earlier that this was, I think, the largest delegation of Members of Congress that has ever appeared in the State of Washington in a public field hearing, and so I take the opportunity