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Date: August 17, 2024 Sat
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switzerland
Time: 2:36 am
switzerland
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104 total results foundAuthor: McEvoy, Claire Title: Gauging Fear and Insecurity: Perspectives on Armed Violence in Eastern Equatoria and Turkana North Summary: This study assesses actual and perceived firearm-related victimization and security threats and perceptions of insecurity in Eastern Equatoria and Turkana North, located in Africa. Details: Geneva: Small Arms Survey, 2008 Source: HSBA Working Paper 14; Graduate Institute of International and Development Studies Year: 2008 Country: Switzerland Keywords: Fear of Crime Shelf Number: 116492 |
Author: Ricupero, Isabel Title: Migration and Detention: Mapping the International Legal Terrain Summary: This working paper attempts to map the web of international and regional instruments and mechanisms that together make up the "solid legal framework' relevant to the phenomenon of migration-related detention. Deprivation of liberty typically takes the form of administrative detention, though there are increasing instance of states criminalizing irregular entry or presence. Migrant detainees can include asylum seekers and refugees, irregular immigrants, stateless persons, and victims of trafficking. This paper is organized according to five main sections: "Treaties and Protocols"; "UN Declarations, Principles, and Guidelines"; "UN Charter-Based Mechanisms"; "Regional Norms and Standards"; and "Additional Sources" (international humanitarian law and relevant conventions of the International Labor Organization). Details: Geneva: Global Detention Project, Programme for the Study of Global Migration, The Graduate Institute, 2009 Source: Year: 2009 Country: Switzerland Keywords: Detention Shelf Number: 116187 |
Author: World Health Organization Title: A Global Response to Elder Abuse and Neglect: Building Primary Health Care Capacity to Deal with the Problem Worldwide Summary: The World Health Organization (WHO) and the Center for Interdisciplinary Gerontology/University of Geneva (CIG/UNIGE), in association with institutions in eight countries (Australia, Brazil, Chile, Costa Rica, Kenya, Singapore, Spain and Switzerland), formed a joint research program aimed at tackling a substantial and yet hidden social problem: elder abuse and neglect. Details: Geneva, Switzerland: WHO, 2008 Source: Center of Interdisciplinary Gerontology, University of Geneva Year: 2008 Country: Switzerland Keywords: Elder Abuse Shelf Number: 114624 |
Author: Tomkin, Jean Title: Orphans of Justice: In Search of the Best Interests of the Child When a Parent is Imprisoned: A Legal Analysis Summary: In response to the increasing body of research examining the impact of parental imprisonment on children, this report undertakes to address how this is affecting the court decisions. Of concern is how judges are utilizing developing understandings of a child's best interests to interpret the international standard guaranteeing the child's rights. This paper examines case law and practice around the world in regards to these issues. Details: Geneva: Quaker United Nations Office, 2009 Source: Year: 2009 Country: Switzerland Keywords: Criminal Justice Policy Shelf Number: 116263 |
Author: Rosenberg, Jennifer Title: Children Need Dads Too: Children with Fathers in Prison Summary: This paper attemtps to bring together available information on paternal imprisonment in order to identify the issues, raise awareness, promote further research and encourage changes in policy and practice. The aim is to ensure that children are a central concern in all cases of parental imprisonment and the gender specific concerns are fully understood in order to enable effective policy creation and the promotion and protection of the best interests of the child. Details: Geneva, Switzerland: Quaker United Nations Office, 2009 Source: Human Rights & Refugees Publications Year: 2009 Country: Switzerland Keywords: Families of Inmates Shelf Number: 115798 |
Author: Horwood, Chris Title: In Pursuit of the Southern Dream Victims of Necessity: Assessment of the Irregular Movement of Men from East Africa and the Horn to South Africa Summary: This document summarizes the research and findings of a project investigating the irregular movement of men from East Africa and the Horn of Africa to the Republic of South Africa (RSA). The key findings elaborated in this assessment concern the logistics, economics, causal factors and trends in the smuggling of migrants south through the eastern corridor of the African continent. It also emphasizes the dynamics of the abuse and exploitation of these irregular migrants during their multi-country journey. Details: Geneva: International Organization for Migration, 2009 Source: Year: 2009 Country: Switzerland Keywords: Human Smuggling Shelf Number: 116662 |
Author: World Health Organization Title: Women's Health in Prison: Correcting Gender Inequity in Prison Health Summary: This document combines shared experience with expert advice to produce guidance for countries wishing to improve health care and circumstances in their prisons and, in particular, to develop their role in preventing the spread of disease. The network aims to maximize an important opportunity for promoting health in a marginalized group and contributing to general public health in their communities. Details: Vienna, Switzerland: 2009 Source: Year: 2009 Country: Switzerland Keywords: Correctional Institutions Shelf Number: 115362 |
Author: Restifo, Francesca Title: Violence Against Women and Children in Kenya: An Alternative Report to the Committee Against Torture Summary: The purpose of this alternative report is to address matters that make women and children vulnerability of women and children, as regards their exposure to torture, and other cruel, inhuman and degrading treatment and punishment. Furthermore, it draws attention to consistent human rights violations involving torture and ill-treatment inflicted on women and children by both State officials and non-State actors. It also addresses to what extent the Kenyan government fails to protect women and children from torture. In this respect, the present report provides the Committee with a legal and practical overview on women's and children's rights in Kenya in the context of the implementation of the UN Convention Against Torture and Other Cruel, Inhuman or Degrading Treatment or Punishment. Details: Geneva, Switzerland: World Organisation Against Torture, 2008 Source: Year: 2008 Country: Switzerland Keywords: Female Victims Shelf Number: 114859 |
Author: Teran, Nika Strazisar Title: Peacebuilding and Organized Crime: The cases of Kosovo and Liberia Summary: This paper examines the impact of the activities of organized criminal groups on peacebuilding efforts in the cases of Kosovo and Liberia. The paper looks at the evolution of criminal patterns in the period before, during and after the conflict and examines their impact on peacebuilding in the post-conflict phase. The paper examines the period from the early 1990s to early 2006 for the case of Kosovo, and from early 1997 to early 2006 for the case of Liberia. It aruges that although the types of organized crime differed widely in the two cases, organized crime presented a serious threat to peacebuilding efforts and damaged the functioning of democratic institutions. Details: Bern, Switzerland: Swisspeace, 2007, 38p. Source: Internet Source Year: 2007 Country: Switzerland Keywords: Organized Crime, Peacebuilding, Conflict Shelf Number: 113416 |
Author: Killias, Martin Title: Self-Reported Juvenile Delinquency in Switzerland in 2006: Overview and Explanations Summary: This paper presents the results of the second national self-reported juvenile delinquency survey conducted in Switzerland. The survey was carried out using the standardized questionnaire developed for the ISRD2, to which a few questions were added. This assures comparability with the other participating countries. At the same time, the analysis of crime trends will also be possible because Switzerland participated in the first International Self- Reported Delinquency study (ISRD1) that took place in 1992. It must be mentioned that in the meantime no national surveys were conducted, but some cantonal or city surveys took place (e.g. in the cantons of Zurich and Vaud). The first part of this paper includes a brief sociodemographic and economic description of the country, while the rest of the paper is dedicated to the presentation of the methodology applied in Switzerland and the main results of the survey. Details: Unpublished report to the Swiss National Science Foundation, 2007. 63p. Source: Internet Resource: Accessed September 22, 2010 at: http://www.rwi.uzh.ch/lehreforschung/alphabetisch/killias/forschung/exprojekte/ISRD2.pdf Year: 2007 Country: Switzerland Keywords: Crime Statistics Shelf Number: 113580 |
Author: Csete, Joanne Title: From the Mountaintops: What the World Can Learn from Drug Policy Change in Switzerland Summary: This report looks at how evidence-based services such as heroin treatment, injection rooms, and needle exchange can lower HIV infection rates, improve health outcomes, and lower crime rates. Switzerland, a country known for its solid conservatism, was shaken by seeing its cities become the point of convergence of thousands of drug users and counterculture activists, culminating in large open drug scenes in the late 1980s. The country was hit hard by HIV, which was strongly linked—both in the public mind and in reality—to growing drug injection. A confluence of events and people led Switzerland to reject more repressive policing and instead to rethink drug police practices and drug policy more broadly. Health professionals who were persuaded that the harms of drug injection could be controlled more effectively by public health programs than by policing were at the vanguard of shifting the parameters of Swiss drug policy. Details: New York: Open Society Foundations, 2010. 56p. Source: Internet Resource: Accessed October 3, 2011 at: http://www.soros.org/initiatives/drugpolicy/articles_publications/publications/csete-mountaintops-20101021/from-the-mountaintops-english-20110524.pdf Year: 2010 Country: Switzerland Keywords: Drug Abuse and Addiction Shelf Number: 122979 |
Author: Flynn, Michael Title: Immigration Detention in Switzerland; A Global Detention Project Special Report Summary: This Global Detention Project special report is meant to serve as an overview of and contribute substantively to our current state of knowledge of the Swiss immigration detention estate. In line with the objectives of the GDP, an important aim of the paper is to facilitate transparency with respect to this practice by carefully documenting where detention centres are located, the grounds for which people can be held at these facilities, and the conditions that prevail in some of them. It assesses the various situations that different kinds of migrants confront when they are deprived of their liberty, highlights vulnerabilities faced by particular categories of detainees, and recounts the findings of both national and international rights groups who have investigated Swiss detention practices. Ultimately, the GDP hopes that this report can serve as the basis for a more informed public debate—both in and outside Switzerland—about a practice whose recent growth throughout Europe and elsewhere in the world is matched only by its increasing notoriety. The report is divided into two main sections: a section on policy, which discusses key features of Swiss immigration detention practices, including the reasons people can be detained, lengths of detention, procedural guarantees provided in law, and issues related to vulnerable groups like children and asylum seekers; and a section on detention infrastructure, which details the types of facilities Switzerland uses to confine people for immigration-related reasons and reviews the assessments of these facilities produced by civil society actors and international organizations. The paper concludes with a brief evaluation of how Swiss practices compare to those of its neighbours. Details: Geneva: Global Detention Project, Programme for the Study of Global Migration Graduate Institute of International and Development Studies, 2011. 44p. Source: Internet Resource: Accessed October 20, 2011 at: http://www.globaldetentionproject.org/fileadmin/publications/GDP_Swiss_detention_report.pdf Year: 2011 Country: Switzerland Keywords: Illegal Immigrants (Switzerland) Shelf Number: 123069 |
Author: Vidino, Lorenzo Title: Jihadist Radicalization in Switzerland Summary: Even though over the last twenty years some of its citizens have been killed or kidnapped by various jihadist groups abroad, internally Switzerland has not witnessed jihadist activities on a significant scale. Unlike most Western European countries, in fact, no successful terrorist attack of jihadist inspiration has ever been perpetrated on its territory and there is no publicly available information indicating that concrete plans for an attack in Switzerland were ever made. Less than a dozen individuals have been tried for terrorism-related crimes, all of them involving non-violent activities of material support and propaganda. The number of Swiss residents who have traveled abroad to join jihadist groups is also estimated to be lower than in most other European countries. Yet Swiss authorities are not complacent and argue that "Switzerland is not an island." Counterterrorism officials have consistently claimed that there is ample evidence suggesting that some of the same radicalization trends that have long characterized other Western European countries also exist in Switzerland, albeit on a smaller scale. This report seeks to assess the size and dynamics of jihadist radicalization in the country. Its main findings are as follows: - While it is impossible to provide anything even close to an exact number, it can be argued that radicalization of jihadist inspiration involves a negligible cross-section of the Swiss Muslim community. There are probably only a couple of dozens of individuals in Switzerland who are actively involved in jihadist activities. Similarly, it can be argued that the number of those fully embracing jihadist ideology is somewhere in the hundreds, and of those with varying degrees sympathizing with it is somewhere in the lower thousands. - Basing the analysis on the admittedly limited number of Swiss-based individuals who are known to have embraced jihadist ideology, it is evident that jihadist enthusiasts, as elsewhere in Europe, do not have a common profile. In the 1990s and early 2000s most of them were first generation immigrants who had arrived in Switzerland already radicalized. An example is the case of Moez Garsallaoui and Malika el Aroud, the Fribourg-based administrators of prominent jihadist forums who had contacts with the upper echelons of al Qaeda, or members of various cells providing support to North African-based al Qaeda affiliates. Following a pattern common throughout Europe, over the last few years an increasing number of jihadist sympathizers have had homegrown characteristics: born (or at least raised) in Switzerland, they radicalized independently in the country and operated largely outside of the framework of established groups. Occasionally some Swiss-based radicalized individuals manage to link up with al Qaeda-affiliated groups outside of Europe and train or fight with them. - Militants are not born in a vacuum. Rather, radicalization takes place "at the intersection of an enabling environment and a personal trajectory." This report identifies militant Salafism as the ideological milieu from which jihadists, in Switzerland as elsewhere, can come from. An automatic identification of Salafism with terrorism is a gross analytical mistake. Moreover, even among those who interact with the most radical fringes of the Salafist movement, only a marginal fraction will make the leap into violent radicalism. But militant Salafism is the larger sea in which the fish swim. - The report analyzes various factors that, often operating concurrently, contribute to radicalization: 1. The internet: the report finds evidence of a small, loose-knit community of Swiss-based jihad enthusiasts who interact among themselves and with likeminded individuals abroad on jihadist forums and online social networks. 2. Mosques: the overwhelming majority of Swiss mosques reject extremism, but small groups of jihad enthusiasts congregate at the margins of some of Switzerland's most conservative mosques or in private prayer rooms. 3. Gateway organizations: there are a handful of organizations in Switzerland which do not advocate violence themselves, but spread ideas that may lead others to do so. 4. Links abroad: Swiss militants regularly interact with like-minded individuals from countries where the Salafist scene is more developed. It is common for Swiss residents to travel abroad to participate in seminars and for foreign speakers to come to Switzerland. This interaction is particularly strong with the Salafist scenes in Germany and in the Balkans. - Patterns of linkage are very difficult to assess, but there are indications pointing to the presence of "gatekeepers" operating on Swiss territory that channel aspiring jihadists in the direction of established groups operating in Africa, the Middle East or South Asia. - As in any other European country, radicalization of jihadist inspiration seems to affect only a statistically marginal segment of the Swiss Muslim population. But radicalization in Switzerland appears to be a limited phenomenon also when compared to other European countries. Four factors can explain this difference: 1. Lack of an "infecting cluster": Switzerland never hosted an openly jihadist mosque or high profile jihadists, elements that in other countries have been crucial in spreading jihadist ideology. 2. Good degree of social, economic and cultural integration of most Muslims living in Switzerland, rendering them more resilient to extremist narratives. 3. Demographic characteristics of the Swiss Muslim population: some 80% to 90% of Swiss Muslims trace their origins to the Balkans or Turkey, where the vast majority of Muslims traditionally espouses forms of Islam that are tolerant and apolitical. 4. Switzerland's foreign policy, whose largely neutral stance does not provide a source of grievances. - While these concurrently operating factors can potentially explain the low levels of jihadist radicalization in Switzerland, none of them is a guarantee. Each, in fact, presents weaknesses and exceptions. Many of the dynamics present throughout Europe are visible also in Switzerland, albeit on a much smaller scale. There are loosely knit milieus in Switzerland, both in the virtual and physical world, that sympathize with jihadist ideology. And occasionally individuals who belong to these milieus do make the leap from words to action. Details: Zurich: Center for Security Studies (CSS) ETH Zurich, 2013. 44p. Source: Internet Resource: Accessed April 28, 2014 at: http://www.css.ethz.ch/publications/pdfs/CH_radicalization_report.pdf Year: 2013 Country: Switzerland Keywords: Counter-Radicalization Programs Shelf Number: 132180 |
Author: Schmid, Conny Title: Sexual assault on children and adolescents in Switzerland: Forms, extent and circumstances Summary: Children are our future; they deserve special protection. It is the state's responsibility to ensure their rights are safeguarded and, according to the UN Convention on the Rights of the Child, this includes a duty to protect them from sexual assault. Unfortunately, states are not always successful in doing so. Experts estimate that here in Switzerland, between 20 and 30% of all children and adolescents have experienced sexual assault at least once. Yet sound data about the actual extent, forms, circumstances and possible consequences of sexual assaults on children and adolescents have been almost impossible to come by until now. The UBS Optimus Foundation has set itself the aim of changing this and improving the protection of minors against sexual assault sustainably and for the long term. To this end, it launched the Optimus Study, an internationally orientated, large-scale academic project spanning ten years. In various countries, representative data about the extent and forms of sexual assault against children and adolescents will be gathered and compared with data from child protection organizations in the relevant country. This way, the fundamental gaps in the relevant child protection systems are revealed and, based on this, effective prevention and intervention strategies can be developed. To do this, the UBS Optimus Foundation aims to work closely with all significant stakeholders in the field of child protection, provide information for policy makers, child protection practitioners, educators, parents and children and create new platforms for the exchange of information and ideas. Details: Zurich, SWIT: UBS Optimus Foundation, 2012. 106p. Source: Internet Resource: Accessed June 13, 2016 at: http://www.optimusstudy.org/fileadmin/user_upload/documents/Booklet_Schweiz/Optimus_Study_Booklet_2012_e.pdf Year: 2012 Country: Switzerland Keywords: Adolescent Sexual Abuse Shelf Number: 139430 |
Author: Averdijk, Margit Title: Recommendations for reducing sexual violence among teenagers: A specialist report Summary: The teenage years from ages 13 to 19 constitute an important step for adolescents on their path from childhood to adulthood. This period also includes their first romantic relationships and sexual experiences. This transitional period, however, is also accompanied by risks as shown by the Optimus Study. The study survey conducted within the context of the Optimus Study Switzerland shows that sexual assaults by adolescents of the same age play an important role. The students questioned were asked to give information about their relationships to the abusers. An evaluation of their responses suggests that a considerable proportion of sexual assaults take place between adolescents, who know one another through school or leisure activities. A considerable proportion of these involve victimization carried out by a current or former romantic partner. Since sexual assault within adolescent relationships is clearly widespread, the Optimus Study also paid particular attention to the corresponding risk factors. Do victims of such assaults share common characteristics? Do they differ from other victims who have been abused not by their partners, but by somebody else? Details: Zurich: UBS Optimus, 2013. 43p. Source: Internet Resource: Accessed June 28, 2016 at: http://www.advocacy.ch/fileadmin/user_upload/_temp_/Optimus_Study_EN_Recommendations_2013.pdf Year: 2013 Country: Switzerland Keywords: Adolescents Shelf Number: 139436 |
Author: Terre des hommes Title: Illegal detention of migrant children in Switzerland: a status report Summary: Children in the context of migration, whether accompanied, separated or unaccompanied should never be remanded in custody. Migratory status should not be considered as an offence and should not justify the detention of children as such. Details: Cologny, Switzerland: Terre des hommes, 2016. 44p. Source: Internet Resource: Accessed July 1, 2016 at: https://www.tdh.ch/sites/default/files/tdh_plaidoyer-ch_en_web_1.pdf Year: 2016 Country: Switzerland Keywords: Child Immigrants Shelf Number: 139549 |
Author: Nunlist, C. Title: Kidnapping for Ransom as a Source of Terrorism Funding Summary: In recent years, the number of Kidnappings for Ransom (KFR) has increased globally. Especially for Islamist terrorist groups in the Sahel, kidnapping has become a lucrative source of income. Switzerland is engaged on the frontline of the struggle to establish a consistent code of conduct in handling cases of KFR, which will also be an issue in 2014 when Switzerland will chair the Organisation for Security and Cooperation (OSCE). Details: Zurich: Center for Security Studies (CSS), 2013. 4p. Source: Internet Resource: Accessed May 17, 2017 at: http://www.css.ethz.ch/content/dam/ethz/special-interest/gess/cis/center-for-securities-studies/pdfs/CSS-Analysis-141-EN.pdf Year: 2013 Country: Switzerland Keywords: Financing of Terrorism Shelf Number: 131245 |
Author: Te, Funk Title: Human Versus Technology: Comparing the Effect of Private Security Patrol and Crime Prevention Information System Over the Crime Level and Safety Perception Summary: Crime reduction became one of the major issues of the modern society. In order to achieve public reassurance, police forces all over the world are undertaking actions to involve citizens in crime prevention through community policing. In parallel, technological platforms were deployed in order to share crime-related information with the public and to support the development of problem-solving strategies. However, the impact of these initiatives in terms of crime reduction and perception has not been sufficiently investigated yet. Furthermore, up to now, no previous studies compared the effectiveness between the traditional approach of preventive patrolling and technology-based crime prevention solutions. Therefore, we present a study design which aims at assessing the effectiveness of the two aforementioned crime prevention measures. The goal is to evaluate and compare their effects over the local criminal activity and citizen's safety perception measured by Fear of Crime (FOC) and Perceived Risk of Victimization (PRV) constructs. Preliminary results show a rather low level of FOC across the whole sample, paired by a high level of PRV. Furthermore, potential explanatory background factors for the previous constructs have been identified and will be explored in future work. Details: Association for Information Systems, 2016. 12p. Source: Internet Resource: Research-in-Progress Papers. 48: Accessed October 17, 2017 at: https://aisel.aisnet.org/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=1072&context=ecis2016_rip Year: 2016 Country: Switzerland Keywords: Crime Prevention Shelf Number: 147711 |
Author: Couttenier, Mathieu Title: The Violent Legacy of Victimization: Post-Conflict Evidence on Asylum Seekers, Crimes and Public Policy in Switzerland Summary: We study empirically how past exposure to conflict in origin countries makes migrants more violent prone in their host country, focusing on asylum seekers in Switzerland. We exploit a novel and unique dataset on all crimes reported in Switzerland by nationalities of perpetrators and victims over the period 2009-2012. Causal analysis relies on the fact that asylum seekers are exogenously allocated across the Swiss territory by the federal administration. Our baseline result is that cohorts exposed to civil conflicts/mass killings during childhood are on average 40 percent more prone to violent crimes than their co-nationals born after the conflict. The effect is stable through the lifecycle and is attenuated for women, for property crimes and for low-intensity conflicts. Further, a bilateral crime regression shows that conflict exposed cohorts have a higher propensity to target victims from their own nationality -- a piece of evidence that we interpret as persistence in intra-national grievances. Last, we exploit cross-region heterogeneity in public policies within Switzerland to document which integration policies are able to mitigate the detrimental effect of past conflict exposure on violent criminality. In particular, we find that offering labor market access to asylum seekers eliminates all the effect. Details: London: Centre for Economic Policy Research )CEPR), 2017. 62p. Source: Internet Resource: CEPR Discussion Paper No. DP11079: Accessed February 22, 2018 at: http://kie.vse.cz/wp-content/uploads/Rohner.pdf Year: 2017 Country: Switzerland Keywords: Asylum Seekers Shelf Number: 149219 |
Author: Eser Davolio, Miryam Title: Background to jihadist radicalisation in Switzerland: Summary: What is the background to jihadist radicalisation in Switzerland? An exploratory study analysed this on both the individual and collective level, providing recommendations on prevention and intervention. For this purpose, the research team interviewed one returnee, as well as relevant professionals from schooling, social work and Muslim organisations. An accompanying Internet study was also conducted. Initial situation The phenomenon of jihadist radicalisation presents society with similar issues to those arising from other forms of extremism. A glance beyond this country's borders reveals a broad array of different intervention strategies, such as deterrence via long prison terms for returnees (GB, B), rehabilitation and social reintegration (DK), or community-oriented approaches (NL). In order to find starting points adapted to the Swiss context and to develop strategies for prevention and intervention, it is first necessary to analyse the specific backgrounds and interrelationships pertaining to radicalisation. Objective In this explorative study, the background to jihadist radicalisation in Switzerland was analysed and, on this basis, recommendations on prevention and intervention were derived for the federal government. The study considered the individual psychosocial, socio-demographic and contextual factors leading to the radicalisation of adolescents and young adults on the one hand, and the societal interrelationships in the living environment and in the community on the other hand. Methodology By means of literature-based research and around twenty interviews with Swiss and foreign experts, the state of current research was established. For analysis of the individual characteristics of jihadist-motivated travellers, an interview with a returnee was conducted and a grid was developed for the investigative authorities. In an Internet study, various approaches and their associated discourses and narratives were examined. In a second step, relevant experts from the domains of schooling, social work and Muslim organisations were asked about their experiences and preliminary considerations. This revealed ways in which the phenomenon can be confronted. Results Due to the manifold and complex factors that facilitate jihadist radicalisation, listing criteria for a risk profile is unacceptable. Reduction also represents an inadequate perspective that masks out other possible motivating factors, such as humanitarian concerns or the desire to set up a new state. It would be a mistake to fixate on religious attraction processes, because political aspects rooted in Muslims' experiences of discrimination and victimisation are equally worthy of consideration. Thus, each case is to be contemplated individually. For prevention and intervention, new structures should be set up on the one hand, such as counselling services competence centres. On the other hand, the existing network of players in the social and school-based domain should be developed further, so as to identify the first signs of attraction processes at an early stage and to take a coordinated approach in specific cases. Details: Zurich University of Applied Sciences, School of Social Work Research and Development, 2015. 32p. Source: Internet Resource: Accessed FEbruary 22, 2018 at: https://www.zhaw.ch/storage/shared/sozialearbeit/Forschung/Deliquenz_Kriminalpraevention/Jugendkriminalitaet_Jugendgewalt/Schlussbericht-Jihadismus-EN.pdf Year: 2015 Country: Switzerland Keywords: Juvenile Delinquents Shelf Number: 149221 |
Author: Caman, Shilan Title: Intimate Partner Homicides Rates and Characteristics Summary: The overarching objective of present dissertation project is to study trends and characteristics of intimate partner homicide (IPH), and to investigate whether the trends and characteristics differ depending on homicide type or gender. Study I aims to compare rates of IPH and nonintimate partner homicide (non-IPH), and to examine gender-specific trends of IPH rates and characteristics. Study II aims to identify socio-demographic and criminological characteristics in perpetrators and victims of IPH, and to examine whether they differ from non-IPH. Study III aims to identify to what extent IPH and non-IPH perpetrators suffered from mental illness and mental disorder, prior or in connection to the offense, and to investigate history of mental illness and mental disorder in victims of IPH and non-IPH. Study IV aims to identify similarities and differences between male and female perpetration of IPH. Methods and Materials: Study I is based on the European Homicide Monitor, retrieved from the National Council for Crime Prevention, which holds information from police files, court verdicts and forensic psychiatric reports. The population-based study includes all solved homicides (N = 1,725) in Sweden between 1990 and 2013. The studies II-IV are based on data from the Forensic Homicide Database, which is a dataset created by the research group. The population-based dataset holds information from forensic autopsies, forensic psychiatric evaluations, forensic toxicological tests, the National Crime Register, the National Patient Register, preliminary police investigations, and court files. Study II and III are based on data on all maleperpetrated homicides (N = 211) in Sweden between 2007 and 2009, while study IV is based on all female-perpetrated (n = 9) and stratified male-perpetrated (n = 36) IPHs within the same time frame. Results and Conclusions: Study I illustrates distinct trends in rates across homicide types (IPH vs. non-IPH) and gender (female versus male perpetrated IPH). The study also elucidates a shift in characteristics over time in male-perpetrated IPHs. Study II demonstrates that IPH perpetrators are more conventional with regards to socio-demographics and criminal history. On the other hand, homicide-suicides are predominant in IPH perpetrators. Study III reveals that, irrespective of homicide type, only a minority of perpetrators suffer from mental illness. However, approximately one third of the perpetrators had been diagnosed with a mental disorder at some point in life. Study IV indicates that female IPH perpetrators differ from their male counterparts in terms of being more psychosocially aggravated and more likely to have been victimized by the male victim. Details: Stockholm: Karolinska Institutet, 2017. 81p. Source: Internet Resource: Dissertation: Accessed May 9, 2018 at: https://openarchive.ki.se/xmlui/bitstream/handle/10616/45867/Thesis_Shilan_Caman.pdf?sequence=1&isAllowed=y Year: 2017 Country: Switzerland Keywords: Family Violence Shelf Number: 150133 |
Author: Farman, Darius Title: View on Islam in Time of Terrorism Summary: Islamophobia is not more prevalent in Switzerland today than it was before the terrorist violence that Europe has experienced since the 2015 attacks in Paris. Still, Muslims today are often victims of discrimination. The polarized public discourse about Islam may have helped to erode psychological inhibitions against discriminatory behavior. Since the rise of the so-called “Islamic State” and a wave of attacks in Western Europe, the nexus between Islam as a religion and the use of violence has been at the center of political debate. Although there have been no noteworthy jihadist attacks in Switzerland in the recent past, there are fears in this country, too, regarding the phenomenon of jihadist radicalization and the return of so-called "foreign fighters". For this reason, the Swiss authorities, in coordination with other European nations, have taken certain preventive measures against terrorism. Among these are better coordination between the cantons and the federal authorities led by the Swiss Security Network, legal measures to facilitate prosecution, intensified international cooperation, an expansion of the intelligence service, and a national action plan for the prevention of violent extremism (PVE). Details: Zurich, Switzerland: Center for Security Studies, 2018. 4p. Source: Internet Resource: Accessed January 14, 2019 at: http://www.css.ethz.ch/content/dam/ethz/special-interest/gess/cis/center-for-securities-studies/pdfs/CSSAnalyse226-EN.pdf Year: 2018 Country: Switzerland Keywords: Discriminatory Behavior Shelf Number: 154148 |
Author: Berne Declaration Title: A Golden Racket: The True Source of Switzerland's 'Togolese" Gold Summary: Where do Swiss imports of gold from West African Togo, which doesn't produce any gold, actually come from? With the support of witness statements and exclusive documents, in September 2015, Public Eye revealed that the gold comes from small-scale artisanal mines in Burkina Faso, where tens of thousands of children haul it out of the ground in life-threatening conditions. The valuable good is then smuggled to Togo, where a Geneva-based trader imports it and sells it on to the Tessin-based refinery Valcambi. The case shows the need for a statutory duty of due diligence for Swiss companies. Details: Lausanne: The Author, 2015. 40p. Source: Internet Resource: Accessed February 14, 2019 at: https://www.publiceye.ch/fileadmin/doc/Rohstoffe/2015_PublicEye_A_golden_racket_Report.pdf Year: 2015 Country: Switzerland Keywords: Artisanal Mines Shelf Number: 154597 |
Author: Couttenier, Mathieu Title: The Logic of Fear - Populism and Media Coverage of Immigrant Crimes Summary: We study how news coverage of immigrant criminality impacted municipality-level votes in the November 2009 "minaret ban" referendum in Switzerland. The campaign, successfully led by the populist Swiss People's Party, played aggressively on fears of Muslim immigration and linked Islam with terrorism and violence. We combine an exhaustive violent crime detection dataset with detailed information on crime coverage from 12 newspapers. The data allow us to quantify the extent of pre-vote media bias in the coverage of migrant criminality. We then estimate a theory-based voting equation in the cross-section of municipalities. Exploiting random variations in crime occurrences, we find a first-order, positive effect of news coverage on political support for the minaret ban. Counterfactual simulations show that, under a law forbidding newspapers to disclose a perpetrator's nationality, the vote in favor of the ban would have decreased by 5 percentage points (from 57.6% to 52.6%). Details: London: Centre for Economic Policy Research, 2019. 65p. Source: Internet Resource: Discussion Paper DP13496: Accessed February 15, 2019 at: https://cepr.org/active/publications/discussion_papers/dp.php?dpno=13496# Year: 2019 Country: Switzerland Keywords: Fear of Crime Shelf Number: 154619 |
Author: Averdijk, Margit Title: Sexual victimization of children and adolescents in Switzerland Summary: This report presents the results of the Optimus Study Switzerland. It is part of the larger multinational Optimus Study, which collects information on the prevalence of sexual victimization and the risk and protective factors for children and adolescents. The Optimus Study has developed a research model that integrates standardized population-based survey standing of the sexual victimization of children and adolescents and to raise awareness and mobilization for policy-making and prevention initiatives. Published in March 2012, the Optimus Study represents the most detailed and comprehensive assessment of both the frequency and the forms of sexual abuse affecting minors today in Switzerland. The findings have filled a substantial gap in understanding of this critical issue, including the findings that perpetrators and their victims are often in the same age group, and that the vast majority of victimizations go unreported. Drawing on the findings of the Optimus Study, a group of leading experts generated a series of detailed recommendations tailored to address the identified challenges. The findings and recommendations have been broadly and effectively disseminated, resulting in use by a range of key organizations and practitioners as they adapt their activities to address these challenges. Details: UBS Optimus Foundation, 2011. 144p. Source: Internet Resource: Accessed March 6, 2019 at: https://www.researchgate.net/publication/265739360_Sexual_victimization_of_children_and_adolescents_in_Switzerland Year: 2011 Country: Switzerland Keywords: Child Sexual Abuse Shelf Number: 154834 |