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Date: April 19, 2024 Fri
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9 results foundAuthor: United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime, Country Office Pakistan Title: Female Drug Use in Pakistan: Mapping Estimates, Ethnographic Results and Behavioural Assessment Summary: This study is a part of the overall operational research which includes mapping and size estimation of female drug users, which forms the first key step in developing targeted interventions for this highly vulnerable key population. The results of this mapping study will assist in understanding the drug using scenario among female populations, which will ultimately form a baseline for service provision based on which service providing organizations will develop targeted interventions within a specific geographical setting. In addition to identification of geographical areas where these populations congregate, this study also provides valuable information on overall drug use situation in the targeted communities, economics of drug use, treatment history, criminal justice history, availability of treatment services and various religious and cultural barriers to accessing information and services among the target group. The entire approach focused around involvement of the target community individuals, peer groups and key stakeholders of the project. Although data was collected by an independent research team, the project staff including peer group was involved in the data collection process. The basic approach was largely based on a geographic mapping approach which identified key locations where key population members were found and quantified. In addition to identifying the key locations, individual drug users were contacted through peer group members and supplemented by tracing contact chains from identified drug users to reaching other drug using females in a given location. This study was conducted in all cities where subsequently a service delivery programme through the project "HIV/AIDS prevention, treatment and care for FDUs and injecting drug users", was to be placed. After distributing each target site into zone, information on drug using populations was collected through Tertiary and Secondary Key Informants in each Zone to generate a list of Spots where FDUs could be found in this phase. Various drug treatment centers and rehabilitation programs in each city were also visited to obtain contacts of FDUs in that community. Pharmacies were also visited and information was gathered about various females, who have been buying non prescription drugs regularly. In addition locations where drug users could be found including graveyards, open spaces, shrines, darbars etc., were also visited. The basic objective in Phase one was to develop an exhaustive list of all FDUs in all zones within each city, which was later validated in Phase 02, by visiting each spot and interviewing female drug users and asking for contacts of their peers involved with drug use. Once contact information for other FDUs was provided by a subject, the social mobilizers along with the field team members traced that subject, and an interview with that subject was subsequently conducted. The mapping study was followed by behavioral assessment, and the main data collection strategy involved face to face in-depth interviews of randomly selected FDUs in each site. A total number of 1,391 interviews were conducted in all 13 cities under study, and information obtained through these interviews was recorded in a pre-designed, pretested questionnaire. Data management was done by the data management team, and questionnaires after field editing were double entered in a data base designed in MS Access. Data set was thoroughly edited and cleaned, and data analysis was conducted using statistical software SPSS version 12.00. A total number of 3,538 interviews were conducted with both Secondary and Primary Key Informants. Based on the data collected during Phase I and validated in Phase II, an estimated number of 4,632 FDUs spread over 2,479 locations were estimated in the 13 cities where mapping was conducted. As expected, the highest number of FDUs was estimated to be 1,213 in Karachi, followed by Lahore and Faisalabad, where the numbers were 593 and 511 respectively. On an average 1.8 - 1.7 FDUs were reported from a single location, and 65.2% of the locations reported having a single FDU present. Unlike male drug users who congregate and use drugs with other drug users, drug use is a discreet, hidden and more of an individual activity for female drug users. Charas was the most common drug used by FDUs all over the country and 28% of the interviewed drug users reported that they used it in the last one month. Bhang was the next drug of choice reported, which was used by 14.2% of the FDUs interviewed. A fairly high proportion of females (13.6%) also reported to be using Heroin, while use of Pharmaceutical drugs was reported by 12.6% of drug users. Our study confirmed the available anecdotal information, that injecting is not a common route of drug intake among drug using females. A total of 71 female injecting drug users (FIDUs) were identified among the total estimated number of 4,632 FDUs, which calculated a prevalence of 1.5% of IDU among female drug users. Further to this, injecting drugs was reported from only 05 cities out of the 13 cities surveyed. For behavioral assessments, a total number of 1,391 interviews were conducted. The mean age of the FDUs who participated in this study was reported to be 32.8 - 9.6 yrs (median 32 yrs), while the maximum proportion (nearly 72%) of the drug users were between 21 to 40 yrs of age. Majority of the FDUs were illiterate; 66% of the FDUs interviewed did not receive any formal schooling. Nearly 60% of the interviewed females were currently married, while 15.6% reported to be never married. The remaining 24% were either widowed, or divorced/ separated from their husbands and were living separately. Ninety one % of the subjects interviewed belonged to the same city where they were interviewed and the majority was Punjabi speaking (45.3%). Charas (Hash) was the most common drug used by FDUs all over the country and 58% of the interviewed drug users reported using it ever and also in the last six months. 42% reported that they had used it in the last month as well. Pharmaceutical drugs were the next drugs of choice followed by Heroin and Bhang. The behavioral data is in agreement with the results of the mapping study conducted in phase one, which also showed similar results on drug use and injecting drug use, which was reported from only 05 cities, with very few numbers of females reported to be injecting drugs. 41.5% of the injectors reported that they had been injected daily, while another 32% informed that they have injected at least once a week in the last 6 months. Although 30% of the injectors have been injecting alone, the remaining had been injecting in groups with other IDUs. Nearly half of the subjects informed that they had been sharing syringes with other IDUs. The mean age of 1 sexual intercourse was reported to be 18.5 - 3.7 yrs. A fairly high proportion were reported to be sexually active, with high numbers of sexual partners in the last 6 months (4.9 - 16.2), suggesting they were sexually involved with a fairly large number of men. 13.5% of the FDUs reported to have sex with another male IDUs, and 25% reported selling sex for drugs or money. Only 3.7% reported that they always used a condom during the last 6 months. Approximately 44% of the FDUs interviewed had ever heard of the disease called HIV/AIDS. Knowledge of sexual intercourse as a mode of transmission of the disease was prevalent among 40% of FSWs, but only 22% knew that HIV can be transmitted by sharp instrument/needles and syringes. 19.5% knew that HIV can spread through blood transfusion, while knowledge of mother to child transmission was still lower (9.8%). While the correct knowledge of HIV transmission was fairly low, a few misconceptions about transmission of HIV were also reported. While 17% of the respondents interviewed were aware of where they could be tested for HIV, nearly half of those had been tested for HIV. Thirty one % of the FDUs interviewed knew that there are diseases which spread because of sexual intercourse. A very low proportion (13.2%) of the respondents reported that they have been treated at least once for drug use. The maximum proportion of drug users informed that they utilized private clinical facilities for treatment. This was followed by treatment services provided by NGOs and government hospitals which were 32% and 31% respectively. Nearly 11% of the FDUs interviewed that they have tried home based treatment for drug use as well. 73% of the respondent suggested that they need to be treated and showed a willingness to participate in a treatment program if offered. Only 4.3% of the respondents reported that they were arrested for reasons such as drug use (60%), drug pushing (30%), sex work (5%) and other minor petty crimes (5%) e.g., theft etc., This study addressed some of the critical issues related to women drug use, which have not been dealt adequately in previous research conducted in Pakistan. Apparently, the problem drug use in women might appear insignificant and trivial when comparing the numbers of female drug users to the enormous number of male drug using populations in the country. However, drug use occurrence among women has an impact that goes beyond the individual and affects the entire social network of families with greater negative impacts on children. Based on the conclusions of this research, an effective targeted response is necessary in order to promote safer behavior, improve access to effective health and social services, and to address the underlying structural and occupational dimensions of vulnerability. More research is warranted to gain more in depth understating of the populations, conduct more reliable size estimations and recognize the personal, environmental and social factors which lead to drug use among women. Efforts to minimize the stigma should be given high priority. Activities which involve and facilitate collective actions, such as developing associations/unions and networks, and involving the media in a positive way should be encouraged. Families of FDUs should be focused to provide support for treatment and rehabilitation. Legal assistance should be provided to FDUs to manage drug offences, petty crime and issues of violence and harassment. There is a need to broaden the focus of existing service delivery programs to address a broad and long-term perspective, and should incorporate "community based" and "women-centered" approach. The provision of Drug abuse treatment services, comprehensive harm reduction services through developing drop in centers, and providing outreach services through use of female outreach workers should be the broad focus of these services. Special emphasis should be laid on meeting the mental health needs of the target population. Depression, isolation and a feeling of being useless is a fairly commonly characteristic shared by most women. While efforts are needed to improve the mental state of the individual, family members especially spouses need to be focused to provide a supporting mechanism for the recovering FDUs. There is a need to building the right capacity within implementing organizations which equips the staff and resource personnel to deal with the issues of drug use among female using a professional and technical approach. Finally, a monitoring and evaluation framework is desired, followed by development of tools which are more user friendly and less punitive. The entire monitoring system should be managed by a management information system to provide timely and cost effective information for decision making, and effective management of the a.m., project in a systematic and timely manner. Details: Islamabad: United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime, Country Office Pakistan, 2010. 81p. Source: Internet Resource: Accessed November 17, 2015 at: https://www.unodc.org/documents/pakistan//female_drugs_use.pdf Year: 2010 Country: Pakistan URL: https://www.unodc.org/documents/pakistan//female_drugs_use.pdf Shelf Number: 137308 Keywords: Drug Abuse and AddictionDrug Abuse and CrimeFemale Drug OffendersFemale OffendersGeographic AnalysisHIV |
Author: Nevendorff, Laura Title: Crystal - Meth in Indonesia: Crystal-meth use and hiv-related risk behaviour in Indonesia Summary: HIV risk behaviors among crystal-meth users might contribute to increasing HIV prevalence rates in Indonesia. Related risks can be reduced if people have access to crystal-meth related health services. Prior to the development of interventions, a comprehensive understanding of structural, social, interpersonal and personal factors related to the use of crystal-meth in Indonesia is crucial. This includes a better understanding of individual and environment factors surrounding drug use and HIV-related risk behaviors, which will allow for the designing of better interventions. This study aims to gain better knowledge on patterns of meth use and its implications on HIV risk and health seeking behavior among crystal-meth users in Indonesia, including a better understanding of on individual and environmental factors shaping drug use. A qualitative research design was developed with the aim of producing a deeper understanding of the diverse patterns of meth use and its implications for HIV risk and related health seeking behaviors. The study looked at patterns of initiation of meth use, sustained use and attempts of reducing and stopping the use of the drug, and how the drug use influenced users' behaviors, including daily activities, HIV risk behaviors, exposure to legal problems, as well as users' social and sexual networks and health seeking behaviors. It was found that patterns of meth use are dynamic and that its use is influenced by factors a personal, inter-personal and social level, occurring within a specific setting and situated within the informants' life experience. Initiation of meth use is strongly influenced by the social network during the informants' youth. Through the network information and or knowledge on the drug, its effects, and availability are provided. Moreover, various forms of assistance may also be provided by the network (e.g. borrowing of money, pawning things, pooling money, or providing drugs). Temporary cessation or relapse may also be influenced by a user's social network. The study has identified three overlapping patterns of meth use: Frequent users, who use meth on a daily basis and tend to do so independently of their social network; practical users, who use meth on a regular basis, but not as frequent as the frequent users; and casual users, who use meth on a situational basis. Users may move from one using pattern to another, depending on specific events and their life situation. Addiction is an important theme explored in this study. Most of the informants reported that the use of meth does not necessarily lead to addiction. As long as they perceived they could manage their use and were able to perform their daily routine, they did not consider themselves to be addicted. Informants tended to associate drug addiction with heroin use. This dominant perception seems to be rooted in the belief that rehabilitation or drug treatment is needed or indicated for heroin use only, and not for meth use, as meth use, according to most informants, can be controlled by the user. However, some informants stated that they were in need of psychological services to deal with depression, anxiety and stress, or required legal aid as a consequence the consequences of their meth use. Details: Jakarta: AIDS Research Center at Atma Jaya Catholic University of Indonesia, 2015. 33p. Source: Internet Resource: Accessed July 19, 2016 at: http://mainline-eng.blogbird.nl/uploads/mainline-eng/Mainlines_sober_facts_on_chrystal_meth_use_in_Indonesia.pdf Year: 2015 Country: Indonesia URL: http://mainline-eng.blogbird.nl/uploads/mainline-eng/Mainlines_sober_facts_on_chrystal_meth_use_in_Indonesia.pdf Shelf Number: 139667 Keywords: Drug Abuse and AddictionHIVMethamphetamine |
Author: Kelly, Angela Title: Aakim na save (Ask and Understand): People who sell and exchange sex in Port Moresby Summary: Askim na Save (Ask and Understand): People who sell and exchange sex in Port Moresby is a comprehensive bio-behavioural study of sex work in Port Moresby in Papua new Guinea. The study was designed to fill gaps in knowledge about the sex industry in PnG and to map the sale and exchange of sex in Port moresby to create a richer and more detailed understanding of sex workers and their vulnerability to Hiv . Askim na Save is a mixed methods study. respondent- driven sampling (rds) was used to survey 593 participants in June and July 2010. data were collected through a structured questionnaire administered through personal digital assistants (PdAs), and qualitative data were collected via 25 in-depth interviews. A biological component was included and this consisted of Hiv and syphilis testing and Hiv molecular epidemiology. Details: Sydney: Papua New Guinea Institute of Medical Research and the University of New South Wales, 2011. 38p. Source: Internet Resource: Accessed August 5, 2016 at: https://sphcm.med.unsw.edu.au/sites/default/files/sphcm/Centres_and_Units/Askim_na_Save.pdf Year: 2011 Country: Australia URL: https://sphcm.med.unsw.edu.au/sites/default/files/sphcm/Centres_and_Units/Askim_na_Save.pdf Shelf Number: 130027 Keywords: HIVProstitutes Prostitution Sex Workers |
Author: Asia Catalyst Title: The Condom Quandary: A Study of the Impact of Law Enforcement Practices on Effective HIV Prevention among Male, Female, and Transgender Sex Workers in China Summary: Sex work is illegal in China, and law enforcement practices that focus on condoms as evidence of prostitution are having a negative impact on HIV prevention among sex workers. When Lanlan, who runs a community based organization (CBO) and support group for sex workers in northern China, introduced female condoms to the female sex workers she works with as part of her CBO's HIV and sexual and reproductive health (SRH) program, their first reaction was: "The female condom is too big. We can't swallow it if the police come!" This story highlights the conundrum sex workers in China face when attempting to avoid penalties by law enforcement and protect themselves from sexually transmitted diseases and infections (STIs) and HIV. Details: New York: Asia Catalyst, 2016. 84p. Source: Internet Resource: Accessed September 13, 2016 at: http://asiacatalyst.org/wp-content/uploads/2014/09/The-Condom-Quandary-Report_en.pdf Year: 2016 Country: China URL: http://asiacatalyst.org/wp-content/uploads/2014/09/The-Condom-Quandary-Report_en.pdf Shelf Number: 146787 Keywords: CondomsHIVProstitutesProstitutionSex Workers |
Author: Sex Workers' Rights Advocacy Network (SWAN) Title: Failures of Justice: State and Non-State Violence Against Sex Workers and the Search for Safety and Redress Summary: This report is about sex work, violence and HIV in Eastern Europe and Central Asia. The report provides the results of an extensive community-led research in sixteen countries of the region. It shows the daily violence that sex workers experience from police and clients and documents how violence is associated with lower capacity for HIV risk reduction. It further examines whether and how sex workers may try to halt impunity of law enforcement and access to justice. The figures speak for themselves. Forty percent of respondents in the survey have been arrested in the last twelve months, one in five experienced physical violence and one in seven experienced sexual violence by police. Twenty percent of respondents reported extortion. The report tells us also how condoms are routinely used by police as "evidence of crime", how syringes are confiscated or destroyed on a daily basis, and how street-based workers are displaced from their work location as a consequence of arrests, extortion and fines. It contributes with evidence from the region to the published literature documenting how poor policing practices are causally associated with a lower capacity for risk reduction, poor access to services and increased exposure to HIV. It describes how the fear that someone's drug use or sex work may be reported to police or to child welfare authorities, would discourage sex workers from seeking services, HIV testing and entering the care system. Eastern Europe and Central Asia is the region of the world that has witnessed the largest increase in HIV prevalence over the last ten years and where the epidemic continues to expand. The number of people living with HIV now exceeds 1.4 million. The epidemic is concentrated in that it primarily affects vulnerable groups of the population. Access to HIV treatment remains particularly low in the region. Less than 50 % of people estimated to be infected with HIV know their serologic status and less than a third of the people who have been diagnosed with HIV access antiretroviral treatment. Epidemiological data on sex workers and on other vulnerable groups are scarce because of criminalization of these groups and lack of sentinel surveillance. Throughout the region, sex workers, people who inject drugs and other vulnerable groups are either 'illegal' or face discriminatory legislation and policies. There are high levels of stigma and discrimination, poor access to prevention and care services and an understandable distrust of affected groups towards the public system. Most support services directed to sex workers and people who inject drugs are provided by civil society and community groups who are doing remarkable work - often without adequate resources and in hostile environments. These services have been funded for years by the Global Fund. The Fund however, is now leaving the region, and no mechanisms are in place to allow for the NGO and community-based peer outreach to be funded from governmental budgets. The risk that many of the services will be discontinued and that discontinuation will result in further epidemic outbreaks of HIV, is real. Discriminatory laws, regulations and policies, including those that give a sense of impunity to perpetrators of violence against sex workers - need to be traded for supportive and stigma-free environments that allow sex workers to access crucial health care services, including sexual and reproductive health services and HIV prevention, treatment and care. In other words, we need above all to ensure that human rights are at the forefront of everything we do. Details: Budapest, SWAN, 2015. 108p. Source: Internet Resource: Accessed September 17, 2016 at: http://www.nswp.org/sites/nswp.org/files/Failures%20of%20Justice%20State%20and%20Non-State%20Violence%2C%20SWAN%20-%20September%202015.pdf Year: 2015 Country: Europe URL: http://www.nswp.org/sites/nswp.org/files/Failures%20of%20Justice%20State%20and%20Non-State%20Violence%2C%20SWAN%20-%20September%202015.pdf Shelf Number: 124629 Keywords: HIVProstitutesProstitutionSex WorkersViolence |
Author: Rotman, Maia Title: 'Unsafe'' and on the Margins: Canada's Response to Mexico's Mistreatment of Sexual Minorities and People Living with HIV Summary: 'Unsafe' and on the Margins: Canada's Response to Mexico's Mistreatment of Sexual Minorities and People Living with HIV, (PDF) is a 54-page report based on IHRP field research in Mexico, including interviews with more than 50 Mexican healthcare providers, human rights activists, members of the lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender and intersex (LGBTI) community, people living with HIV, journalists, and academics, all of whom testify to widespread discrimination and rights-violations in Mexico's healthcare delivery. The release of the report, funded by the Elton John AIDS Foundation, coincided with World Refugee Day on June 20, 2016 as well as Canada's first-ever pride month. 'Unsafe' and on the Margins: Canada's Response to Mexico's Mistreatment of Sexual Minorities and People Living with HIV,' The report says that Canada should remove Mexico from its refugee 'safe' list because of the country's serious human rights abuses. Failure to do so could place Canada in violation of its international legal obligations. Despite some progressive legislation, including universal healthcare and a federal commitment to non-discrimination, in practice, Mexico's most vulnerable communities continue to encounter significant obstacles to accessing these rights. As a result, the country remains unsafe for many, particularly people living with HIV or at heightened risk of infection, and especially sexual minorities and marginalized populations. Nevertheless, Mexico appears on Canada's designated country of origin (DCO) list, which entitles Mexican claimants to only half the time claimants from non-DCO countries get to prepare their claims, and creates the possibility of prejudgment among decision-makers, the report said. The report raises concerns that Canada is circumventing its international legal obligations by keeping Mexico on the 'safe' country list. As a signatory to the 1951 Refugee Convention and the 1967 Protocol, Canada has a duty to not discriminate against refugee claimants by reason of their race, religion or country of origin. According to the report, systemic discrimination and unlawful denial of healthcare to people living with HIV and populations at heightened risk of infection contravene Mexico's international legal obligations. Proper and timely HIV treatment can mean a healthy life-span for people living with HIV, but late diagnosis or lack of consistent treatment creates a high risk of life-threatening infection and higher likelihood of transmission. Furthermore, Mexico's failure to adequately fund HIV prevention or education programs has contributed to a culture of stigma and discrimination against people living with HIV. Health advocates told the IHRP about ignorance and misinformation about HIV within the medical community, breaches of confidentiality, denial of healthcare or segregation within healthcare centres, and other human rights abuses against people living with HIV. The report calls on Canada in its capacity as a champion of human rights, both domestically and internationally, and also as Mexico's third-largest trading partner. As expressed in the report's recommendations, Canada should urge Mexico to ensure that people living with HIV are able to access healthcare services free from obstruction or discrimination. The report also encourages Canada to offer assistance to Mexico to develop protocols for healthcare professionals to ensure equal and consistent access to healthcare, with particular emphasis on people living with HIV, in accordance with Mexico's international legal obligations. Details: Toronto: University of Toronto Faculty of Law, International Human Rights Program, 2016. 58p. Source: Internet Resource: Accessed September 28, 2016 at: http://ihrp.law.utoronto.ca/utfl_file/count/PUBLICATIONS/Report-UnsafeAndOnMargins2016.pdf Year: 2016 Country: Mexico URL: http://ihrp.law.utoronto.ca/utfl_file/count/PUBLICATIONS/Report-UnsafeAndOnMargins2016.pdf Shelf Number: 146136 Keywords: DiscriminationHIVHuman RightsLGBT PeoplesMinorities |
Author: Waters, Emily Title: Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual, Transgender, Queer, and HIV-Affected Hate Violence in 2015. Summary: Hate violence is a far too common and sometimes deadly experience for lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender and queer (LGBTQ) and HIV-affected people. Hate violence is enacted in many different ways, including physical violence, verbal harassment, sexual violence, and discrimination, and it is distinct from other forms of violence in that it targets people for their real or perceived identities. Though limited in scope, some research has revealed the devastating emotional, physical, financial and social impacts of hate violence. The National Coalition of Anti-Violence Programs (NCAVP) Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual, Transgender, Queer, and HIVAffected Hate Violence in 2015 report analyzes the experiences of 1,253 survivors of hate violence that were reported to 13 NCAVP member programs in 2015. The findings discussed in this report highlight how LGBTQ and HIV-affected survivors’ gender, sexual orientation, racial identity, ethnic identity, documentation status, and other identities and circumstance impact how survivors experience hate violence, the consequences of that violence, and their experiences when accessing help and support around hate violence. NCAVP research on LGBTQ and HIV-affected hate violence, similar to other research on the impacts of discrimination and harassment, show that bias motivated violence has serious psychosocial, financial, physical, and other consequences for survivors. Many LGBTQ and HIVaffected people experience street-based violence and harassment; however, less commonly discussed is the violence that LGBTQ people experience in their workplace, schools, and homes. The findings in the 2015 NCAVP Hate Violence report show that safe and inclusive work, home, and school environments are imperative for ending hate violence against LGTBQ and HIV-affected communities. Additionally, the 2015 NCAVP findings on hate violence once again illustrate the importance of centering the experiences and leadership of those who are most impacted by hate violence and discrimination, such as transgender and gender nonconforming people, LGBTQ people of color, LGBTQ youth and young adults, LGBTQ people with disabilities, and LGBTQ undocumented people. It is imperative that these unique and diverse experiences be considered and centered when creating policies, programs, and initiatives that work to end violence against LGBTQ and HIV-affected people. Details: New York: National Coalition of Anti-Violence Programs (NCAVP), 2016. 90p. Source: Internet Resource: Accessed October 27, 2016 at: http://www.avp.org/storage/documents/ncavp_hvreport_2015_final.pdf Year: 2016 Country: United States URL: http://www.avp.org/storage/documents/ncavp_hvreport_2015_final.pdf Shelf Number: 140865 Keywords: Bias-Related Crimes Crime Statistics Hate Crimes HIVLGBTQ Persons |
Author: United Nations Development Programme Title: Know Violence: Exploring the Links Between Violence, Mental Health, and HIV Risk Among Men who have Sex with Men and Transwomen in South Asia Summary: This report by UNDP, ICRW and APCOM Foundation explores the links between violence, mental health and HIV risk among men who have sex with men and transwomen in seven South Asian countries - Afghanistan, Bangladesh, Bhutan, India, Nepal, Pakistan and Sri Lanka. It is based on focus group discussions in 12 sites in 7 countries with men who have sex with men and transwomen who have direct experience of violence, as well as interviews with key informants from community-based organizations, health, law, and government. The report provides concrete recommendations to stakeholders across many sectors to mitigate and minimize the effects of violence on mental health and HIV vulnerabilities through programme and policy efforts. Details: Thailand, 2018. 132p. Source: Internet Resource: Accessed September 14, 2018 at: http://www.asia-pacific.undp.org/content/rbap/en/home/library/democratic_governance/hiv_aids/know-violence--exploring-the-links-between-violence--mental-heal.html Year: 2018 Country: Asia URL: http://www.asia-pacific.undp.org/content/rbap/en/home/library/democratic_governance/hiv_aids/know-violence--exploring-the-links-between-violence--mental-heal.html Shelf Number: 151538 Keywords: HIVLGTBQMental HealthPolicy RecommendationsSexViolence |
Author: Stone, Katie Title: The Global State of Harm Reduction 2018 Summary: In 2008, Harm Reduction International (HRI) released the first Global State of Harm Reduction, a report that mapped responses to drug-related HIV, viral hepatitis and tuberculosis (TB) around the world for the first time. The data gathered for the report provided a critical baseline against which progress could be measured in terms of the international, regional and national recognition of harm reduction in policy and practice. Since 2008, the biennial report has become a key publication for researchers, policymakers, civil society organisations, UN agencies and advocates, mapping harm reduction policy adoption and programme implementation globally. Over the last decade, reports of injecting drug use and the harm reduction response have increased; harm reduction programmes are currently operating at some level in almost half of the 179 countries in the world where injecting drug use has been documented. With patterns of drug use globally continuing to evolve, Harm Reduction International reached out in 2017 to civil society networks across the world to ask what they wanted to see in this report. The 2018 Global State of Harm Reduction report has a broader scope, containing information on: - The number of people who inject drugs and the number of people imprisoned for drug use (where data is available). - Needle and syringe programmes (NSP), opioid substitution therapy (OST), HIV and hepatitis C and TB testing and treatment for people who use drugs, in both the community and in prisons. - The harm reduction response for people who use amphetamine-type stimulants, cocaine and its derivatives, and new psychoactive substances. - Drug-checking in nightlife settings. - Harm reduction for women who use drugs. - Drug consumption rooms. - Drug-related mortality and morbidity and the overdose response, as well as naloxone peer distribution in the community and naloxone provision in prisons. - Developments and regressions in funding for harm reduction. This report and other Global State of Harm Reduction resources can be found at www.hri.global. Details: London: Harm Reduction International, 2018. 176p. Source: Internet Resource: Accessed December 18, 2018 at: https://www.hri.global/files/2018/12/11/global-state-harm-reduction-2018.pdf Year: 2018 Country: International URL: https://www.hri.global/files/2018/12/11/global-state-harm-reduction-2018.pdf Shelf Number: 154070 Keywords: CocaineDrug Abuse and AddictionDrug Consumption FacilitiesDrug UseHarm ReductionHIVMethamphetamineNaloxoneSubstance Abuse |