Transaction Search Form: please type in any of the fields below.
Date: April 26, 2024 Fri
Time: 10:15 am
Time: 10:15 am
Results for hispanics
12 results foundAuthor: Pew Research Center Title: Troubled by Crime, the Economy, Drugs and Corruption, Most Mexicans See Better Life in the U.S. - One-in-Three Would Migrate Summary: This report presents the results of a survey conducted with 1,000 adults in Mexico between May 26 and June 2, 1009. Facing a variety of national problems -- crime, drugs, corruption, and a troubled economy -- most say that if they had the means and opportunity to go live in the U.S. they would do so, and more than half of those who would migrate if they had the chance say they would do so without authorization. Details: Washington, DC: Pew Research Center, 2009. 43p. Source: Pew Global Project Attitudes Year: 2009 Country: Mexico URL: Shelf Number: 117715 Keywords: HispanicsImmigration |
Author: Lopez, Mark Hugo Title: Illegal Immigration Backlash Worries, Divides Latinos Summary: The 2010 National Survey of Latinos (NSL) focuses on the views and opinions of Latinos about immigrants, illegal immigration and immigration policy. The survey was conducted from August 17 through September 19, 2010, among a randomly selected, nationally representative sample of 1,375 Latino adults, 542 of whom are native born and 833 of whom are foreign born. Details: Washington, DC: Pew Hispanic Center, 2010. 43p. Source: Internet Resource: Accessed November 3, 2010 at: http://pewhispanic.org/files/reports/128.pdf Year: 2010 Country: United States URL: http://pewhispanic.org/files/reports/128.pdf Shelf Number: 120170 Keywords: HispanicsIllegal AliensIllegal ImmigrationImmigrants |
Author: Gardner, Trevor, II Title: The C.A.P. Effect: Racial Profiling in the ICE Criminal Alien Program Summary: The goal of the Criminal Alien Program (CAP) is to improve safety by promoting federal-local partnerships to target serious criminal offenders for deportation. Indeed, the U.S. Congress has made clear that Immigration and Customs Enforcement (ICE) “should have no greater immigration enforcement priority than to remove deportable aliens with serious criminal histories from the United States, …” The Warren Institute’s analysis of arrest data pursuant to an ICE-local partnership in Irving, Texas demonstrates that ICE is not following Congress’ mandate to focus resources on the deportation of immigrants with serious criminal histories. This study also shows that immediately after Irving, Texas law enforcement had 24-hour access (via telephone and video teleconference) to ICE in the local jail, discretionary arrests of Hispanics for petty offenses — particularly minor traffic offenses — rose dramatically. This report probes the marked rise in low-level arrests of Hispanics. Specifically, the report examines whether there was an increase in lawless behavior in the Hispanic community in Irving or whether there was a change in local policing priorities. The Warren Institute’s study of arrest data finds strong evidence to support claims that Irving police engaged in racial profiling of Hispanics in order to filter them through the CAP screening system. Details: Berkeley, CA: Chief Justice Earl Warren Institute on Race, Ethnicity & Diversity, University of California, Berkeley Law School, 2009. 8p. Source: Internet Resource: Policy Brief: Accessed October 22, 2011 at: http://www.law.berkeley.edu/files/policybrief_irving_FINAL.pdf Year: 2009 Country: United States URL: http://www.law.berkeley.edu/files/policybrief_irving_FINAL.pdf Shelf Number: 123082 Keywords: Criminal AliensDeportationHispanicsIllegal AliensImmigrants (U.S.)Racial Profiling |
Author: Hagen, Courtney Title: Bias in the Federal Judicial System: Do Sentencing Disparities Exist in the Southwest Border Region of the United States? Summary: Despite falling crime rates in recent years, political arguments have been made that illegal immigrants entering the country are contributing to increased crime along the Southwest Border region of the United States. Given existing literature that demonstrates bias in the judicial system, particularly regarding sentencing disparities based upon demographic characteristics, I intend to examine the potential effects of such policies, practices, and rhetoric in creating sentencing disparities in the Southwest Border. Specifically, I test the hypothesis that Hispanics and/or illegal immigrants receive longer sentences than other ethnic groups and U.S. citizens for similar crimes committed in the Southwest Border. Additionally, I test whether these disparities are greater in the Southwest Border than in the rest of the country. Using sentencing data provided by the United States Sentencing Commission for the years 2000 through 2008, I study the effects of ethnicity and citizenship while controlling for crime type and geographic region, and include control variables for additional demographic characteristics, prior criminal history, and other "legalistic" attributes. My hypothesis is inconsistently supported; certain crimes exhibited sentencing bias for Hispanics and/or illegal immigrants, while others did not. Moreover, no strong pattern emerged to identify which crimes would produce bias. The inconsistent and often suspect results suggest the absence of important data, likely attributable to a "deportation effect" which is not fully documented and therefore is not available for inclusion in tests regarding sentencing disparities for illegal immigrants and/or Hispanics. Details: Washington, DC: Georgetown University, 2011. 51p. Source: Internet Resource: Master's Thesis: Accessed May 8, 2012 at: http://repository.library.georgetown.edu/handle/10822/553752 Year: 2011 Country: United States URL: http://repository.library.georgetown.edu/handle/10822/553752 Shelf Number: 125179 Keywords: HispanicsIllegal AliensIllegal Immigrants (U.S.)Immigrants and CrimeSentencing Disparities |
Author: Mehlman-Orozco, Kimberly Title: The “Crimmigration” Effect?: An Exploratory Analysis of 287(g) and Latino Juveniles in Residential Placement Summary: This dissertation explores whether Section 287(g) of the Illegal Immigration Reform and Immigrant Responsibility Act [hereinafter "287(g)"], which allows for state officers and employees to serve as deputized immigration officers, has an indirect effect on the percentage of Latino juveniles in residential placement in the juvenile justice system. Prior research and criminological theories posit that one would not expect Latino foreign nationals and Latino citizens, prima facie, to engage in a disproportionate amount of criminal activity (Katz, Fox, & White, 2011; Lee & Martinez, 2009; Lee, Martinez, & Rosenfeld, 2001; Marcelli, 2001; Martinez, Stowell, & Lee, 2010; Nielsen, Lee, & Martinez, 2005; and Stowell, Messner, McGeever, & Raffalovich, 2009). However, in the (Lopez & Light, 2009; Vazsonyi & Chen, 2010). Previous research suggests different explanations for this phenomenon. One proposition—and the focus of this study—is that disproportionate involvement is due to a “crimmigration” effect of policies like 287(g). "Crimmigration" suggests that the enforcement of policies like 287(g), which focus criminal justice resources on illegal immigration issues, could lead to disproportionate Latino involvement in the criminal justice system because it permits high levels of law enforcement discretion toward non-native racial minorities. In explaining this potential effect, this dissertation explores the applicability of LatCrit theory, Marxist theory, conflict theory, and bounded rationality theory. Ultimately, each of these theories provides a framework that can be used to suggest that 287(g) directives may be currently implemented in a way that disproportionately affects Latinos, with an increased number of searches, citations, arrests, and time in detention. To examine this relationship between 287(g) and disproportionate Latino contact with the criminal justice system, this study specifically focuses on juvenile justice. The analysis uses the Census of Juveniles on Residential Placement, the American Community Survey, and the U.S. Census to examine the percentage of juveniles in residential placement in 287(g) jurisdictions as compared to non-287(g) jurisdictions, while holding constant the population density of Latinos and other social and crime-related controls over time. By doing so, this study explores the relationship between those places with and without 287(g) and the levels of Latinos in juvenile residential placement. Perhaps significant differences between these types of jurisdictions could shed light on how policies like 287(g) impact the racial composition of those involved in the criminal justice system. Despite a growing body of research suggesting that 287(g) jurisdictions may be experiencing increases in Latino involvement in the justice system, the findings of this exploratory study did not support this claim. Specifically, 287(g) jurisdictions may experience no effect or a negative effect on the percentage of Latino juveniles in residential placement. These findings should be taken cautiously, however, given the extremely limited nature of the data available to study this issue. Such limitations yield important insights about the type of information that criminal justice systems need to collect in order to adequately examine whether a relationship exists between immigration policy enforcement and criminal justice involvement. Such information is absolutely necessary to better inform this highly contentious policy area, with little research base for claims on both sides of the debate. Details: Fairfax, VA: George Mason University, 2012. 151p. Source: Internet Resource: Dissertation: Accessed February 13, 2013 at: http://www.justitiainstitute.org/wp-content/uploads/2012/06/DissertationPDF1.pdf Year: 2012 Country: United States URL: http://www.justitiainstitute.org/wp-content/uploads/2012/06/DissertationPDF1.pdf Shelf Number: 127598 Keywords: Disproportionate Minority ConfinementDisproportionate Minority ContactHispanicsImmigration PoliciesJuvenile OffendersLatinos, Juveniles |
Author: Shively, Michael Title: Understanding Trends in Hate Crimes Against Immigrants and Hispanic-Americans Summary: Over the past decade, substantial public attention has been directed toward the possibility that anti-immigrant rhetoric and legislation might be associated with an increase in hate crime in the United States against immigrants and those of Hispanic origin. Recent speculation about whether levels of hate crime are rising or falling, and what may be causing any observed trend, frequently arise in response to new incidents. Moreover, the speculation about hate crime trends applies across a wide range of groups that are known to be targeted for crimes motivated by hate or bias. Answers to questions about trends and why they occur have important implications for policy and practice. For example, if rising levels of hate crime are occurring in a region and targeting certain populations, resources can be deployed where they are most needed, and at appropriate levels. If specific populations are being targeted, culturally competent victim services and law enforcement responses can be tailored to serve those populations. To effectively respond to rising levels of hate crimes and to determine what may be causing the trend, it must first be established that the trend exists. While conceptually simple, it is technically challenging to distinguish random or insignificant variations that occur in any time-series from substantial, statistically significant changes over time. Establishing the significance of trends requires time-series data with: Measures and data collection methods used consistently over time; Reliable measurement of the variables of interest (e.g., ethnicity, race, sexual orientation of victim or respondent); Numbers of incidents sufficient to provide statistical power; and Coverage of geographic areas of interest. Prior to the 1990s, the ability to measure trends in hate crime was limited to a few municipalities where data were collected. Since the passage of the Hate Crime Statistics Act in 1990, substantial public investments have been made to develop data streams, including annual victimization surveys and collections of reported crimes and arrests. While much can be learned about hate crime from information gathered through Federal data collection programs, these time-series collections have not been examined to assess whether the data can support the study of a number of issues, including the detection of significant trends in hate crimes against specific groups. Fundamental questions remain to be answered, including whether the data contained in the major Federal hate crime data collection systems (primarily, the Uniform Crime Reports (UCR), National Crime Victimization Survey (NCVS), and National Incident Based Reporting System (NIBRS) or other data streams (such as the School Crime Supplement (SCS) of the NCVS, and the School Survey on Crime and Safety (SSOCS) are adequate to: Estimate hate crime trends nationally, or within any state, across all hate crime types; Assess whether trends exist in hate crimes against immigrants and those whose ethnicity is classified as Hispanic; Serve as a foundation for research on the causes and consequences of hate crime; and Support evaluations of interventions meant to prevent or effectively respond to the problem. To answer such questions, the study featured: An examination of each of the major national time-series datasets (e.g., UCR, NIBRS, NCVS); Seeking additional data sources that could be used to corroborate or supplement the national data collections; Analysis of each database, examining whether trends can be modeled and tested to determine statistical significance; and Gathering qualitative input from expert researchers and practitioners regarding study findings and recommendations. Details: Cambridge, MA: Abt Associates, 2013. 175p. Source: Internet Resource: Accessed March 17, 2014 at: https://www.ncjrs.gov/pdffiles1/nij/grants/244755.pdf Year: 2013 Country: United States URL: https://www.ncjrs.gov/pdffiles1/nij/grants/244755.pdf Shelf Number: 131953 Keywords: Crime StatisticsCrime TrendsHate CrimesHispanicsImmigrantsMinoritiesVictimization Surveys |
Author: Californians for Safety and Justice Title: Latino Voices: The Impact of Crime and Criminal Justice Policies on Latinos Summary: Despite representing a larger portion of California's population than whites, Latinos are dramatically overrepresented as crime victims - and in our courts, jails and prisons. Research shows that Latinos receive harsher treatment in arrests, pretrial proceedings and sentencing than whites, even when charged with the same offenses. Other findings include: Victims of Crime - Latinos are murdered twice as much as whites in California -- and more by strangers. - Latinos are more likely to be shot and burglarized than whites. - Hate crimes against Latinos rise as immigration increases. - California Latinos experienced more repeat crimes than survivors overall. - Half of Latino survivors are unaware of recovery services. Unequal Treatment in the System - Latinos awaiting trial were more likely to be denied bail, or their bail was set higher than African Americans or whites. - Latinos were 44% more likely to be incarcerated than whites for the same crimes. Latinos Support Change - California Latino voters want officials to focus on less incarceration, not more - They want more supervised probation and rehabilitation by a five-to-one margin over sending more people to jail/prison. - Eight in 10 support shortening long sentences and using the savings for education, health services and prevention. Details: Oakland, CA: Californians for Safety and Justice, 2014. 32p. Source: Internet Resource: Accessed August 14, 2014 at: http://libcloud.s3.amazonaws.com/211/04/1/430/LatinoReport_7.8.14v1.pdf Year: 2014 Country: United States URL: http://libcloud.s3.amazonaws.com/211/04/1/430/LatinoReport_7.8.14v1.pdf Shelf Number: 133073 Keywords: Bias Criminal Justice PoliciesDiscriminationDisproportionate Minority ContactHispanicsLatinosRacial Disparities (California) |
Author: Light, Michael T. Title: The New Face of Legal Inequality: Noncitizens and the Long-Term Trends in Sentencing Disparities Across U.S. District Courts, 1992-2009 Summary: In the wake of mass immigration from Latin America, legal scholars have shifted focus from racial to ethnic inequality under the law. A series of studies now suggest that Hispanics may be the most disadvantaged group in U.S. courts, yet this body of work has yet to fully engage the role of citizenship status. The present research examines the punishment consequences for non-U.S. citizens sentenced in federal courts between 1992 and 2009. Drawing from work in citizenship studies and sociolegal inequality, I hypothesize that non-state members will be punished more severely than U.S. citizens, and any trends in Hispanic ethnicity over this period will be linked to punitive changes in the treatment of noncitizens. In line with this hypothesis, results indicate a considerable punishment gap between citizens and noncitizens - larger than minority-white disparities. Additionally, this citizenship 'penalty' has increased at the incarceration stage, explaining the majority of the increase in Hispanic-white disparity over the past two decades. As international migration increases, these findings call for greater theoretical and empirical breadth in legal inequality research beyond traditional emphases, such as race and ethnicity. Details: West Lafayette, IN: Purdue University, Department of Sociology, 2014. 37p. Source: Internet Resource: Criminal Justice, Borders and Citizenship Research Paper : Accessed November 20, 2014 at: http://papers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?abstract_id=2507448 Year: 2014 Country: United States URL: http://papers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?abstract_id=2507448 Shelf Number: 134173 Keywords: HispanicsImmigrantsPunishmentRacial DisparitiesSentencing Disparities (U.S>) |
Author: Freeman, Linda Title: Arrest Rates: Maya's Place Place Clients 2005-2011 and Crossroads Clients 2001-2011 Summary: In fall 2014, the New Mexico Sentencing Commission (NMSC), Crossroads and Mayas Place began a partnership to understand criminal justice involvement of clients of both programs. Staff from Crossroads and Mayas Place provided NMSC with client lists. Using these lists, NMSC staff removed any duplicated clients and identified clients who had been both Mayas Place and Crossroads clients. If a client had been in both programs, we tracked them from their start date at Mayas Place. In our initial analysis, we discovered that only 9.8% of Crossroads clients and 19.6% of Mayas Place clients had ever been to prison in New Mexico. Additionally, 31.4% of Crossroads clients and 50.6% of Mayas Place clients had been on New Mexico Corrections Department Probation and Parole Probation supervised probation anytime in the time period 2004-2014. Rather than focus our analysis on return to prison outcomes, we decided to focus our efforts on New Mexico arrests and bookings in the Bernalillo County Metropolitan Detention. In this report we will focus on New Mexico arrests. The source of the data is the New Mexico Department of Public Safety Arrest database that is provided to NMSC on a quarterly basis. The data contains all arrests in the state from January 2000 to December 2014. Details: Albuquerque: New Mexico Sentencing Commission, 2015. 1p. Source: Internet Resource: Accessed September 29, 2016 at: http://nmsc.unm.edu/reports/2015/arrest-rates-mayas-place-clients-2005-2011-and-crossroads-clients-2001-2011.pdf Year: 2016 Country: United States URL: http://nmsc.unm.edu/reports/2015/arrest-rates-mayas-place-clients-2005-2011-and-crossroads-clients-2001-2011.pdf Shelf Number: 146130 Keywords: ArrestsCrime StatisticsHispanics |
Author: Lopez, Mark Hugo Title: Latinos' Views of the Impact of Illegal Immigration on Their Community Improve Summary: Hispanics' views of the impact of unauthorized immigration on the U.S. Hispanic community have grown more positive since 2010, according to a new nationwide survey of 5,103 Hispanic adults by the Pew Research Center. Today, 45% of Hispanic adults say the impact of unauthorized immigration on Hispanics already living in the U.S. is positive, up 16 percentage points from 2010 when 29% said the same. Views of unauthorized immigration's impact have improved more among foreign-born Hispanics than native-born Hispanics. According to the new survey, half (53%) of Hispanic immigrants say the impact of unauthorized immigration on the U.S. Hispanic community is positive, up 19 percentage points from 2010 when 34% said the same. This compares with a 12 percentage point increase in the share of native-born Hispanics who say the same - from 24% in 2010 to 35% in 2013. Among the native born, views of unauthorized immigration's impact on U.S. Hispanics differ by immigrant generation. Some 42% of second generation Hispanics (the native-born adult children of immigrant parents) say the impact of unauthorized immigration is positive. By comparison, just 29% of third generation Hispanics (native-born adults of native-born parents) say the same. For both groups, the share saying the impact of unauthorized immigration is positive has grown since 2010-up 11 percentage points among second generation Hispanics and up 10 percentage points among third generation Hispanics. Details: Washington, DC: Pew Research Center, 2013. 15p. Source: Internet Resource: Accessed May 18, 2017 at: http://www.pewhispanic.org/2013/10/03/latinos-views-of-illegal-immigrations-impact-on-their-community-improves/ Year: 2013 Country: United States URL: http://www.pewhispanic.org/2013/10/03/latinos-views-of-illegal-immigrations-impact-on-their-community-improves/ Shelf Number: 131378 Keywords: HispanicsIllegal ImmigrationPublic Opinion |
Author: Passel, Jeffrey S. Title: Population Decline of Unauthorized immigrants Stalls, May Have Reversed Summary: This report provides estimates of the size of the March 2012 unauthorized immigrant population for the nation, as well as for the six states (California, Florida, Illinois, New Jersey, New York and Texas) where 60% of unauthorized immigrants live. For the nation, it also shows estimates of the size of the unauthorized immigrant population from Mexico and from all other countries. For the nation, the six states and the balance of the country, the report also includes annual estimates of the unauthorized immigrant population for 1995-2012 and an estimate for 1990. Estimates for those years at the national level also are provided for the unauthorized immigrant population from Mexico and all other countries. The Pew Research Center's Hispanic Trends Project estimates the unauthorized immigrant population using a residual method, which is based on official government data. Under this methodology, a demographic estimate of the legal foreign-born population - naturalized citizens, legal permanent residents, temporary legal residents and refugees - is subtracted from the total foreign-born population as measured in a survey. The remainder, or residual, is the source of population estimates and characteristics of unauthorized immigrants. The estimates use data from the Current Population Survey (CPS), conducted by the Bureau of Labor Statistics and the Census Bureau, and from the American Community Survey (ACS), conducted by the Census Bureau. The March Supplement to the CPS, a survey of about 80,000 households for 2001 and later versus about 50,000 households earlier, is the source of data for 1995-2004 and for 2012. The ACS, a compilation of monthly data including about 3 million households each year, is the source of data for 2005-2011. The Pew Research Center's Hispanic Trends Project's estimates make adjustments to the government data to compensate for undercounting, and therefore its population totals differ somewhat from the ones the government uses. Estimates for any given year are based on a March reference date for years from the CPS and a July 1 reference date for years from the ACS. These estimates are not consistent with previously published Pew Research Center estimates of the unauthorized immigrant population. The previous unauthorized immigrant numbers are based on survey data tied to previous Census Bureau population estimates that have since been revised. The Pew Research Center revised the historic survey data so those data conform to updated Census Bureau population estimates. The resulting series of unauthorized immigrant estimates are consistent over time but inconsistent with previous estimates. Details: Washington, DC: Pew Research Center, 2013. 38p. Source: Internet Resource: Accessed August 2, 2017 at: http://www.pewhispanic.org/files/2013/09/Unauthorized-Sept-2013-FINAL.pdf Year: 2013 Country: United States URL: http://www.pewhispanic.org/files/2013/09/Unauthorized-Sept-2013-FINAL.pdf Shelf Number: 130137 Keywords: HispanicsIllegal Immigrants Immigration Enforcement Immigration Policy Unauthorized Immigrants Undocumented Immigrants |
Author: Alsan, Marcella Title: Fear and the Safety Net: Evidence from Secure Communities Summary: This paper explores the impact of fear on the incomplete take-up of safety net programs in the United States. We exploit changes in deportation fear due to the roll-out and intensity of Secure Communities (SC), an immigration enforcement program that empowers the federal government to check the immigration status of anyone arrested by local police, leading to the forcible removal of approximately 380,000 immigrants. We estimate the spillover effect of SC on the take-up of federal means-tested programs by Hispanic citizens. Though not at personal risk of deportation, Hispanic citizens may fear their participation could expose non-citizens in their network to immigration authorities. We find significant declines in SNAP and ACA enrollment, particularly among mixed-citizenship status households and in areas where deportation fear is highest. The response is muted for Hispanic households residing in sanctuary cities. Our results are most consistent with network effects that perpetuate fear rather than lack of benefit information or stigma. Details: Cambridge, MA: National Bureau of Economic Research, 2018. 89p. Source: Internet Resource: NBER Working Paper No. 24731: Accessed June 18, 2018 at: http://www.nber.org/papers/w24731.pdf Year: 2018 Country: United States URL: http://www.nber.org/papers/w24731.pdf Shelf Number: 150563 Keywords: Deportation HispanicsImmigrants Immigration Enforcement |